2022年上海海事大學自考英語（二）練習題

匯總（附答案解析）

第1題【單選題】

【閱讀判斷】Everyyear,inNovember,ThanksgivingDayremindsusofthegood

thingsinlife,andpeoplearethankful.Onthisdaypeopleusuallyeatturkeyand

greatquantitiesofotherfoods.Q:TheturkeyisamostpopularfoodonThanksgiving

Day.

A、True

B>False

C、NotGiven

【正確答案】A

【答案解析】答案選A,感恩節這天火雞通常是必不可少的。因此本題是正確的。

第2題【單選題】

[2007.04]Itisdifficulttotheimplicationbetweenthelines.

A、getto

B>getwith

C、getat

D、getdown

【正確答案】C

【答案解析】本題考查詞組辨析。A,開始，接觸；C.找出，發現；D.下來,

寫下來。

第3題【單選題】

【2009.10]Theprofit-sharingplanisdesignedtothestafftoworkhard.

A、calculate

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B、demonstrate

C、speculate

D、motivate

【正確答案】D

【答案解析】本題考查詞語辨析。【譯文】利潤共享計劃目的是激發員工努力工

作。A計算、估算B證實、論證、演示C思索、推測D激勵、激發

第4題【單選題】

Pleaseremindmeherthisnote.

A、leave

toleave

C、leaving

D>left

【正確答案】B

【答案解析】remindsbtodosth：提醒某人做某事。句意：請提醒我留給她這張

紙條。

第5題【單選題】

【填句補文】"Geochemistsjustwantanintuitivesenseofwhat'sgoingonwiththe

elements/saysAlbertGalyfromtheUniversityofCambridge.

A、Anearthscientisthasrejiggedtheperiodictable（元素周期表）tomake

chemistrysimplertoteachtostudents.

B、Thetraditionalperiodictablewaswelldrawn.

C、“Iimaginecontourlineswouldbegoodforundergraduates//

D>Buthehasaddedcontourlinestochargedensity,helpingtoexplainwhichions

reactwithwhich.

【正確答案】C

【答案解析】這一段是劍橋大學的AlbertGaly的原話，我們可以從引導整個關鍵

點得出答案。即：“地學化學家們只想通過直覺判斷元素的活動。我相等高線對

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學生們有好處〃。

第6題【單選題】

【2009.01]Moderneconomicsthecountry'sagriculturalpolicies.

A、undergoes

B、understands

C、underlies

D、undertakes

【正確答案】C

【答案解析】本題考查詞義辨析。句意：現代經濟學是國家農業政策的基礎。考

查形近動詞詞義。A經歷，經受；B了解；C成為…的基礎；D承擔，保證。

第7題【單選題】

【概括大意】Today,wearebeginningtothinkdifferently.Inthelastfewyears,

researchhasthrowndoubtontheviewthatinnateintelligencecaneverbe

measuredandontheverynatureofintelligenceitself.Thereisconsiderableevidence

nowwhichshowsthegreatinfluenceofenvironmentbothonachievementand

intelligence.Childrenwithpoorhomebackgroundsnotonlydolesswellintheir

schoolworkandintelligencetestsbuttheirperformancetendstodeteriorate

graduallycomparedwiththatoftheirmorefortunateclassmates.Themainideaof

thisparagraphis.

A、MainResultsofRecentResearches

B、PopularDoubtabouttheNewView

C、EffectofEnvironmentonIntelligence

D、ImpactonSchoolEducation

【正確答案】C

【答案解析】本段提出了一個新的對智力的認識，與過去一些年的傳統的把智力

看做是一種不變的能力的這種理解不同，它主張智力和人的成長環境有關。為此

選擇Co

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C、NotGiven

【正確答案】A

（答案解析]答案選Ac本題對應的語句為:theonemostnearlylikeitistheEnglish

gameofcricket,因此是正確的。

第11題【單選題】

[2007.04]Thebookfairhasreceivedapositivefromreaders.

A、result

B、response

C>settlement

D、solution

【正確答案】B

【答案解析】本題考查詞義辨析。response：反映，反響。result：結果,后果。

settlement：殖民，移民，定居。solution：解決;解答。根據句意,應該選responseo

apositiveresponse：良好的反映。

第12題【單選題】

【2009.04]Thisisthefirsttimethatawomanhasbeentothepost.

A、granted

B、praised

C、pointed

D、appointed

【正確答案】D

【答案解析】譯文：這是第一次任命一位婦女擔任此職位。試題分析：本題考查

詞義辨析。回詳細解答；A允許、同意；B表揚、贊揚；C指、指出；D指定、

任命、委任。

第13題【單選題】

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[2008.10JCountrylifeisbetterthancitylifeitoffersfreshairandnoiseless

environment.

A、inthat

B、asthat

C、asfor

D、inwhich

【正確答案】A

【答案解析】本題考查復合句。句意為：鄉村生活好過城市生活，因為它空氣新

鮮且環境無噪音。inthat是復合連接詞，只在一定的句式中使用。也可以用作

一個固定詞組。A在于，原因是，在…方面;C.關于，至于，舉例：Ilikethecountry

betterinthatitisclosertonature.我更喜歡鄉村,因為它更接近自然。

第14題【單選題】

[完成句子]Theaveragelightningstrikeismorethan3mileslongandcantravelat

atenthofthespeedoflight.Balllightning,therarestandmostmysteriousform,

derivesitsnamefromthesmallluminousballthatappearsneartheimpactpoint,

moveshorizontally,andlastsforseveralseconds.Oneformoflightningthat

isballlightning.

A、occursmostinfrequently

isshiftedsidewaysbystrongwinds

C、isoftenhiddenfromourview

D、isestimatedat20millionsayear

【正確答案】A

【答案解析】本段文字與題目相關的句子是:Balllightning,therarestandmost

mysteriousform,derivesitsnamefromthesmallluminousball...,關鍵詞是rarest

（rare的最高級形式）與infrequently“很少發生，少有〃表達相同的意思。

第15題【單選題】

[2009.10]Therearemanysalesthisseason,duringwhichstoreswilllowertheir

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______prices.

A、normal

B、general

C、ordinary

D、usual

【正確答案】A

【答案解析】本題考查形容詞辨析。整句話的意思為:這個季節有很多促銷活動，

在此期間商店都會降低商品的原價。A正常的、平常的B普通的、一般的C普

通的D尋常的、通常的

第16題【單選題】

Thereply,whenitfinallycame,wasthenegative.

A、for

B、into

C、in

D、with

【正確答案】C

【答案解析】inthenegative：否定的，否決。

第17題【單選題】

【閱讀選擇】LateoneSundayafternooninSeptember1999,OseolaMcCarty,an

elderlycleaningladypassedawayinthelittlewoodenframehousewhereshehad

livedandworkedmostofherlife.Itmayseemlikeanordinaryendtoahumblelife,

buttherewassomethingquiteexceptionalaboutthiswoman.Inthesummerof

1995,McCartygave$150,000,mostofthemoneyshehadsavedthroughoutherlife,

totheUniversityofSouthernMississippiinherhometown.Themoneywastohelp

otherAfricanAmericansthroughuniversity.Shehadstartedhersavingshabitasa

youngchildwhenshev/ouldreturnfromschooltocleanandironformoneywhich

shewouldthensave.Thiswomanshockedandinspiredtheworldbecause.

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A、shehadmanagedtosavesomuchmoney

B>shegavehermoneytoAfricanAmericans

C、shegaveherlifesavingstohelpothersthroughuniversity

D、sheonlyspentmoneyoncheapthings

【正確答案】C

【答案解析】答案選C。only是絕對詞，在選項D中出現，根據經驗排除D；對

照原文第一自然段最后一句話therewassomethingquiteexceptionalaboutthis

woman說她有些特別的地方，接著第二自然段就講Inthesummerof1995,

McCartygave$150,000,mostofthemoneyshehadsavedthroughoutherlife,to

theUniversityofSouthernMississippiinherhometown.她把大部分積攢的錢捐獻

給了家鄉的大學，A和B表達都不全面，答案是C。

第18題【單選題】

[2009.10]You'dbetterleavethingsifyoudon'tknowhowtodealwith

them.

A、off

B>out

C、alone

D、over

【正確答案】C

【答案解析】【譯文】如果你不知道如何處理這些事情，你最好把它們放在一邊。

【試題分析】本題考查詞意區分。【詳細解答】A離開，離去B不在里

面，出局C單獨的（地）D完結，翻倒，越過

第19題【單選題】

【閱讀選擇】Asfarasastronomers（天文學家）candetermine,theentireuniverse

isbuiltofthesamematter.Theyhavenoreasontodoubtthatmatterobeysthe

samelawsineverypartoftheuniverse.Therefore,itisreasonabletoguessthat

otherstars,withtheirownplanets,wereborninthesamewayasourownsolar

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system.Whatweknowoflifeonearthsuggeststhatlifewillarisewhereverthe

properconditionsexist.Astronomersbelievethatmatterindifferentpartsofthe

universe

A、obeysdifferentlaws.

B、obeysonecommonlaw.

C、obeysthesamelaws.

D、obeysnocommonlaw.

【正確答案】C

【答案解析】答題依據在本段的第二句。科學家沒有理由懷疑宇宙中的物質遵循

同一法則，即他們相信宇宙中不同地方的物質是遵循同一法則的。

第20題【單選題】

【概括大意】Heavymetalsarepersistent;theydonotbreakdowntoother

chemicalsintheenvironment.Industriallypollutedsitesusuallyundergointensive

clean-upandrehabilitationbecauseheavymetalsareahealthconcernoncethey

enterthefoodchain.Sometracemetalsareallegedtocausecancerandarealso

knowntocausepoisoning.Themainideaofthisparagraphis.

A、TheNatureofHeavyMetals

B、PotentialHazardsofHumanContaminatedSoils

C、HeavyMetalsandFoodChain

D、ResearchonChannelsofHeavyMetalsGettingintoHumanFoodChain

【正確答案】B

【答案解析】本段文字講的是：受到工業污染的土壤含有重金屬，而重金屬很穩

定不容易降解，其中的某些微量重金屬能使人致癌或中毒。可以看出其中心內容

是：受污染土地的潛在危險，選擇B。

第21題【單選題】

【填句補文】Doctorsbelievethatsecondhandsmokemaycauselungcancerin

peoplewhodonotsmokebecausenonsmokersoftenbreatheinthesmokefrom

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otherpeople/scigarettes..TheUSEnvironmentalProtectionAgency

reportsthatabout53,000peopledieintheUnitedStateseachyearasaresultof

exposuretosecondhandsmoke.

A、Theriskisevenhigherforchildrenwholiveinhomeswherebothparents

smoke.

B、IntheUnitedStates,ninemillionchildrenundertheageoffiveliveinhomes

withatleastonesmoker.

C、Thissmokeiscalledsecondhandsmoke.

D、NooneknowsforsurewhyMr.Gilsonhaslungcancer.

【正確答案】C

【答案解析】前一句提到，不吸煙者時常吸入他人香煙中冒出的煙，接下來應首

選對此煙加以定義的句子c

第22題【單選題】

【閱讀選擇】AndyetalthoughtheMayasknewaboutthewheel,theyneverusedit.

Neitherdidtheyusemetalsotherthancopper.Whatisevermoresurprisingisthat

theysuddenlyabandone或拋棄）manyofthecitiesandbuiltnewonesinthejungle.

SometimearoundAD900,Mayancivilizationcollapsed.Bytheyear1200,theirlast

greatcapital,ChichenItza,wasdeserted.Oneofthemostsurprisingfindingsabout

Mayaswasthat.

A、theydevelopedaccuratesystemmeasuringtime.

B^theyknewhowtobuildpyramidswithstones.

C、theydesertedtheircitiesandmovedtonewones.

D、theybuiltcitieswhichtheyneverlivedin.

【正確答案】C

【答案解析】對應點為Whatisevermoresurprisingisthattheysuddenly

abandonedmanyofthecitiesandbuiltnewonesinthejungle.是對原文語意進行了

轉化，最高級代替了比較級。

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第23題【單選題】

【閱讀選擇】Today,workinglessthana40-hourweek,peopleenjoymoreleisure

time.Hence,thewiseuseofleisuretimehasbecomeanimportantproblemfor

everyone,youngorold.Itisaparticularlydifficultproblemforthesick,theaged,and

thosewhohaveretiredfromearningaliving.Thoseoeoplehavesomuchleisurethat

itishardforthemtofindinterestingandworthwhilewaystouseit.Howtospend

leisuretimewiselyisnotaparticularlydifficultproblemforpeople.

A、whoareverybusyeveryday

B、whoaresickinbed

C、whoareagedandingoodhealth

D、whohaveretiredfromwork

【正確答案】A

(答案解析】本題可采用排除法，第三句話(Itisaparticularlydifficultproblemfor

thesick,theaged,andthosewhohaveretiredfromearningaliving.),可以看出這三

類人對于怎樣度過空閑時光是特別困難的，所以可以排除BCD項，選A。

第24題【單選題】

【完成句子】InBritain,robotsalesappropriatelypeakedin1984,buthavebeen

decliningeversince.Thisispartlybecause,Britishwageratesaretoolowtomake

robotsfinanciallyattractiveandpartlybecauseengineersnowhavemoreexperience

withrobotsandaremoreawareofthedifficultiesofintroducingthem

effectively.RobotsarelesspopularinBritaintodaypartlybecause.

A、toomuchenergy

B>basedonAmericandesigns

C、theyaretoocostly

D、theyarenotreliable

【正確答案】C

【答案解析】本段第二句就是講的兩個原因，即人們的工資水平太低，也就是沒

有能力使機器人發揮出創造財富的作用，言下之意就是成本高。第二個原因就是

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人們逐漸意識到了操縱機器人不是件容易的事情，所以使用率就下降了。所以應

該選C。

第25題【單選題】

【概括大意】Themodemideasconcerningthenatureofintelligenceareboundto

havesomeeffectonourschoolsystem.Inonerespectachangeisalreadyoccurring.

Withthemovetowardcomprehensiveeducationandthedevelopmentof

unstreamedclasses,fewerchildrenwillbegiventhelabel"lowIQ"whichmust

inevitablycondemnachildinhisown,ifnotsociety/seyes.Theideathatwecan

teachchildrentobeintelligentinthesamewaythatwecanteachthemreadingor

arithmeticisacceptedbymoreandmorepeople.Themainideaofthisparagraphis

A、ImpactonSchoolEducation

B、AChangedViewofIntelligence

C、MainResultsofRecentResearches

D、EffectofEnvironmentonIntelligence

【正確答案】A

【答案解析】本題使用了同義詞替換的選擇技巧，段落中主要講述的是智力本質

的現代簡潔必定會對學校教育產生影響(boundtohavesomeeffectonourschool

system.),選項A中只是將名詞effect換為impacto

第26題【單選題】

【閱讀判斷】Norwich,thecapitalofthepartofBritainknownasEastAnglia,has

beeninexistenceformorethantwothousandyears.Itbeganasasmallvillage

besidetheRiverWensum.Q:TheRiverWensumflowsbyNorwich.

A、True

B、False

C、NotGiven

【正確答案】A

12

【答案解析】答案選A。答題依據在第二句，Norwich是RiverWensum旁邊的一

個小村莊,就說明了RiverWensum流經Norwich。

第27題【單選題】

【閱讀判斷】WhenourNeolithicancestors,livingintheMiddleEastabout1C,OOO

yearsago,discoveredthatcertaingrassescouldbeharvestedandtheirseedsplanted

forricheryieldsthenextseason,thefirstgreatstepinanewassociationofpants

andhumanswastaken.Q:PeoplelivingintheMiddleEastfirstlearnedtogrowpants

forfoodabout10,000yearsago.

A、True

B、False

C、NotGiven

【正確答案】A

【答案解析】答案選A。利用〃10,000〃作為答案線索詞（因為年代通常是用數字

表示），于是發現有句子提到當生活在約一萬年前中東地區的人們發現從某些植

物中可以收獲糧食，并且播種后下一個收獲季節還能產出更多的糧食時，就邁開

了植物和人類聯系的第1大步。

第28題【單選題】

[2009.7]Thehousev/asquietinthenight,theoccasionalcoughingfrom

mythroat.

A、asfor

B、suchas

C、insteadof

D>exceptfor

【正確答案】D

【答案解析】本題考查短語意義區分。譯文：除了偶爾我咳嗽一下以外，這所房

子在夜晚非常安靜。A至于，關于；B例如；C代替，而不是；D除了……以

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第29題【單選題】

【2009.10]Sofarscientistshaveonlyacquiredunderstandingofthephysical

processesthatcauseearthquakes.

A、apartial

B、achangeable

C、anoriginal

D、anindividual

【正確答案】A

第30題【單選題】

【2009.10]Theroomwasquiet,theoccasionalcoughingfrommythroat.

A、incase

B、exceptfor

C、byfar

D、insteadof

【正確答案】B

【答案解析】本題考查介詞短語意義區分。【譯文】這個房間很安靜，除了偶爾

從我喉嚨里發出的咳啾聲以外。A以免、以防萬一B除了…以外C到目前

為止D代替、而不是

第31題【單選題】

【閱讀選擇】ShetoldmeliernamewasHelenandshewastalkinglualocal

restaurantwheretheyweregoingtohavelunchafterherappointment.Shecalledto

seeifhewasthere.Shesaid,“MyhusbandhasAlzheimer's（老年癡呆）andhe

shouldn'tbedrivingwithoutme.〃Numerousthoughtsranthroughmyhead.Callthe

police,callherfamily,andnotify（通知）thedoctor'sofficeshehadjustcomefrom!

Butatfirst,IofferedtodrivetothelocalrestauranttoseeifEdwaswaitingforher

there.Theelderlywomancriedinthelobbywhenshewastalkingto.

14

A、herhusbandwithAlzheimer's

B>thenurseinthedoctor'soffice

C、alocalrestaurant

D、oneofherfamilymembers

【正確答案】C

[答案解析]答案選Co根據文章本段中ShetoldmehernamewasHelenandshe

wastalkingtoalocalrestaurant...可知答案為C項。Helen由于擔心自己丈夫安危，

但又找不到人，情急之下先打電話到倆人約好即將要去的餐廳詢問情況。

第32題【單選題】

【填句補文】"Geochemistsjustwantanintuitivesenseofwhat'sgoingonwiththe

elements/saysAlbertGalyfromtheUniversityofCambridge.

A、Anearthscientisthasrejiggedtheperiodictable（元素周期表）tomake

chemistrysimplertoteachtostudents.

B^Thetraditionalperiodictablewaswelldrawn.

C、“Iimaginecontourlineswouldbegoodforundergraduates//

D、Buthehasaddedcontourlinestochargedensity,helpingtoexplainwhichions

reactwithwhich.

【正確答案】C

【答案解析】這一段是劍橋大學的AlbertGaly的原話，我們可以從引導整個關鍵

點得出答案。即：“地學化學家們只想通過直覺判斷元素的活動。我想等高線對

學生們有好處〃。

第33題【單選題】

[2008.04]TheclothhadanaturallookwhichperfectlytheimageLaura

sought.

A、turnedout

B、setdown

C、thoughtover

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D、coincidedwith

【正確答案】D

【答案解析】本題考查短語意義辨析。這塊布料看起來很自然，與勞拉尋找的樣

式完全相符。A.關閉；B.制定、放下；D.與…相同、與…相符。

第34題【單選題】

[2009.7]Hewouldthatalltheclassifieddatashouldbekeptsafewhenin

office.

A、assure

ensure

C、insure

D、secure

【正確答案】B

【答案解析】本題考查動詞意義區分。【譯文】他保證在辦公室里的所有機密數

據處于安全狀態。【詳細解答】A使確信，使有信心；B確保（某事）發生，擔

保；C為......投保，給......保險；D安全的，沒有危險的

第35題【單選題】

【2008.04]Anxietycanwithchildren'sperformanceatschool.

A、refer

B、prefer

C、infer

D、interfere

【正確答案】D

【答案解析】本題考查詞語辨析。句子翻譯為：焦慮可以妨礙孩子們在學校的表

現。A.referto提到、查閱、涉及；B.preferto更喜歡；C.inferfrom（根

據某事）推斷、推定；D.interferewith擾亂、妨礙。

第36題【單選題】

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【2008.04]Thevehiclewastravelingatspeeds90milesperhour.

A、inadditionto

B、inviewof

C、inexcessof

D、insearchof

【正確答案】C

【答案解析】本題考查短語辨析。那輛車以超過每小時90英里的速度行駛。A.

除…之外、例外；B.由…看來、有鑒于；C.過分、超出；D.尋找、追

求。

第37題【單選題】

[2008.10]Itisstronglyheldthatnewmustbeintroducedtoprotectthe

rightoftheimmigrants.

A、statistics

B^constructions

C、measures

D、concessions

【正確答案】C

【答案解析】本題考查名詞詞義區分。【譯文】強烈支持采取新措施維護移武的

權力。【詳細解答】A統計學B建設C措施，辦法D讓步，特許

權

第38題【單選題】

【閱讀選擇】Therichesoftheseayettobedevelopedbyman'stechnologyare

impressive.Oilandgasexplorationshaveexistedfornearlythirtyyears.Valuable

amountsofmineralssuchasiron,copperandsoonexistontheocean

floor.Accordingtotheauthor,technologyisimportantbecause.

A、resourcesonlandarerunningshortintenyears

B、mancanuseittoexplorethedeepersea

17

C、itisalotoffuncivingintothesea

D、ancientpeopleusedittoexplorethesea

【正確答案】B

【答案解析】本段第一句作者提到Therichesoftheseayettobedevelopedby

man'stechnologyareimpressive,人類利用技術可以開發的海洋資源是驚人的。

段末說到：Valuableamountsofmineralssuchasiron,copperandsoonexistonthe

oceanfloor.然而，大量有價值的礦物均還埋藏于海底。如鐵，銅等等。其他三

項都沒有提到。

第39題【單選題】

【I閱讀選擇】IrecognizedthatthesitessuchasAssociatedContentcanprovidea

fertilegroundtorlearninghowtobecomeabetterwriter.Icouldseethatthiswasan

opendoorforsystematicallylearningsomebasicwritingskillswithoutpayingcollege

tuitionforclassesandleavingthecomfortofmyownhome.Intheeyesoftheauthor;

thesiteAssociatedContent.

A、offersyoualotofnovelstoread

B、isgoodforyourbecomingawriter

C、asksyoutostudywritingregularly

D、isratherexpensivebutconvenient

【正確答案】B

（答案解析］答案選B。根據本段的...canprovideafertilegroundforlearninghowto

becomeabetterwriter確定B答案。其余選項與原文意思不符。A與D選項所表

達內容在文中并未提及，可以被排除。C選項中regularly一詞并未在文中得到體

現。

第40題【單選題】

【閱讀選擇】Therichesoftheseayettobedevelopedbyman/stechnologyare

impressive.Oilandgasexplorationshaveexistedfornearlythirtyyears.Valuable

amountsofmineralssuchasiron,copperandsoonexistontheocean

18

floor.Accordingtotheauthor,technologyisimportantbecause.

A、resourcesonlandarerunningshortintenyears

B、mancanuseittoexplorethedeepersea

C、itisalotoffundivingintothesea

D、ancientpeopleusedittoexplorethesea

【正確答案】B

【答案解析】本段第一句作者提到Therichesoftheseayettobedevelopedby

man'stechnologyareimpressive,人類利用技術可以開發的海洋資源是驚人的。

段末說至lj：Valuableamountsofmineralssuchasiron,copperandsoonexistonthe

oceanfloor.然而，大量有價值的礦物均還埋臧于海底。如鐵，銅等等。其他三

項都沒有提到。

第41題【單選題】

【填句補文】Theauthorsaysthatinterpersonalrelationsshouldbetaughtasa

requiredcourseineveryschool,alongwithreading,writing,andmathematics.

.Thatisatleastasimportantashowmuchweknow.

A、Muchofwhathasbeensaidaboutstrangersalsoappliestorelationshipswith

familymembersandfriends.

B、Hekeepslookingovertheotherperson'sshoulder,asifhopingtofind

someonemoreinterestinginanotherpartoftheroom.

C、Everytimeyoumeetsomeoneinasocialsituation,givehimyourundivided

attentionforfourminutes.

D、Inhisopinion,successinlifedependsmainlyonhowwegetalongwithother

people.

【正確答案】D

【答案解析】后句中的代詞we在D中才有呼應的代詞，而且在文章最后出現觀

點句是通常論述文的發展特點，因此判斷D正確。

第42題【單選題】

19

[2010.04]Thestudentdescribedthebeautifulmountainsandriversinhis

hometown.

A、artificially

B、vividly

C、critically

D、viciously

【正確答案】B

【答案解析】本題考查副詞的詞義辨析。這個學生生動地描述了他的家鄉美麗的

山河。

第43題【單選題】

【概括大意】Today,wearebeginningtothinkdifferently.Inthelastfewyears,

researchhasthrowndoubtontheviewthatinnateintelligencecaneverbe

measuredandontheverynatureofintelligenceitself.Thereisconsiderableevidence

nowwhichshowsthegreatinfluenceofenvironmentbothonachievementand

intelligence.Childrenwithpoorhomebackgroundsnotonlydolesswellintheir

schoolworkandintelligencetestsbuttheirperformancetendstodeteriorate

graduallycomparedwiththatoftheirmorefortunateclassmates.Themainideaof

thisparagraphis.

A、MainResultsofRecentResearches

B、PopularDoubtabouttheNewView

C、EffectofEnvironmentonIntelligence

D、ImpactonSchoolEducation

【正確答案】C

【答案解析】本段提出了一個新的對智力的認識，與過去一些年的傳統的把智力

看做是一種不變的能力的這種理解不同，它主張智力和人的成長環境有關。為此

選擇Co

第44題【單選題】

20

【I聞讀選擇】Theothersideofastatelegalapparatusisastatemilitaryapparatus.

Whiletheoneprotectstheindividualfromviolence,theothersacrificesthe

individualtoviolenceintheinterestsofthestate.Inwarthestateaffirmssupreme

powerovertheindividualswithinitsownborders.Warisnotsimplyatrialby

combattosettledisputesbetweenstates;itisthemomentwhenthestatemakesits

mostpowerfuldemandsuponitspeoplefortheircommitment,allegiance,and

supremesacrifice.Theword"allegiance"isclosestinmeaningto.

A、loyalty

B>objective

C、survival

D、motive

【正確答案】A

【答案解析】解本題可用同類詞關系進行判斷。在“allegiance〃前后的兩個詞分別

是commitment和sacrifice,應能判斷出這三個詞相對于國家而言是同一類詞，

再利用排除法，不難選出正確答案A。

第45題【單選題】

[2008.04]Tounderstandthesentence,youshouldanalyzeitsparts.

A、functionally

B、widely

C、largely

D、remarkably

【正確答案】A

【答案解析】本題考查副詞詞義區分。為了理解這個句子，你應該分析句子各個

部分的功能。A.有用途地、有功能地；B,寬廣地；C.大大地；D.突

出地。

第46題【單選題】

【填句補文】Doctorsbelievethatsecondhandsmokemaycauselungcancerin

21

peoplewhodonotsmokebecausenonsmokersoftenbreatheinthesmokefrom

otherpeople'scigarettes..TheUSEnvironmentalProtectionAgency

reportsthatabout53,000peopledieintheUnitedStateseachyearasaresultof

exposuretosecondhandsmoke.

A、Theriskisevenhigherforchildrenwholiveinhomeswherebothparents

smoke.

B、IntheUnitedStates,ninemillionchildrenundertheageoffiveliveinhomes

withatleastonesmoker.

C>Thissmokeiscalledsecondhandsmoke.

D、NooneknowsforsurewhyMr.Gilsonhaslungcancer.

【正確答案】C

【答案解析】前一句提到，不吸煙者時常吸入他人香煙中冒出的煙，接下來應首

選對此煙加以定義的句子。

第47題【單選題】

【閱讀選擇】Secondaryschoolhaditsownshareofchallenges.Iwasatallkidand

wasn'tgoodatanysport,exceptlooking.Ilovedbasketballandtennis.ThefirstdayI

heldaracket,andIwasdisgracedbymyopponent.Hewonsixstraightsetswithout

sweatandthereIwas,sweatingbadlylikeI'drunamarathon,whereasIhadn'teven

madeasinglepoint.Stanleywasdisgracedbyhisclassmateina.

A、basketballgame

B^tennisgame

C、marathongame

D、footballgame

【正確答案】B

【答案解析】答案選Bo詞義理解和事實細節題°通過關鍵詞disgrace,考生可

迅速定位至本段，再通過本段的關鍵詞racket,可以判定正確答案是網球比賽。

第48題【單選題】

22

[2009.10]Thetrafficwasheldupformorethanthirtyminutes,causedme

toarrivelate.

A、it

B、that

C、what

D、which

【正確答案】D

【答案解析】本題考查非限制性定語從句。整句話的意思是：交通阻塞30多分

鐘，這使得我到達晚了。

第49題【單選題】

[填句補文]Arms.Howyouholdyourarmsshowshowopenandreceptiveyouare

topeopleyoumeet.Ifyoukeepyourarmstothesidesofyourbodyorbehindyour

back,thissuggestsyouarenotafraidoftakingonwhatevercomesyourway.

.Ifsomeoneupsetsyou,justcrossyourarmstoshowyou'reunhappy!

A、Outgoingpeoplegenerallyusetheirarmswithbigmovements,whilequieter

peoplekeepthemclosetotheirbodies.

B、Ifyoualefeelingdown,younormallydon'tsitstraight,withyourshoulders

inwards.

C、However,itwillprobablystillbenoticed,andpeoplewillknowyou'renot

pleased.

D>lfyouarepleased,youusuallyopenyoureyeswideandpeoplecannoticethis.

【正確答案】A

【答案解析】本題可以采用線索詞來定位。空格處的前后兩個句子都是對arms

在具體情況下具體動作的描述。那么用以補充的句子也應是如此，即選項A開朗

的人和沉默寡言的人手臂的動作，符合條件。

第50題【單選題】

[2008.10JCountrylifeisbetterthancitylifeitoffersfreshairandnoiseless

23

environment.

A、inthat

B、asthat

C、asfor

D、inwhich

【正確答案】A

【答案解析】本題考瓷復合句。句意為：鄉村生活好過城市生活，因為它空氣新

鮮且環境無噪音。inthat是復合連接詞，只在一定的句式中使用。也可以用作

一個固定詞組°A在于，原因是，在…方面；C.關于，至于，舉例：Ilikethecountry

betterinthatitisclosertonature.我更喜歡鄉村,因為它更接近自然。

第51題【單選題】

【完成句子】Saganwasnotedforthevigourofhislogicstyle,especiallyv/hen

criticizingsomepieceofpseudoscience（偽禾斗學）.Iremembereda1973AAAS

meetingatwhichhedestroyedthetheoriesofImmanuelVelikovsky,whowas

maintainingthatonlyafewthousandsofyearsago,Venushadrepeatedlycollided

withEarthandMars;eventswellnoted.Velikovskysaid,inthebible.InSagan,s

opinion,Velikovskymightbe.

A、amemberoftheNationalAcademyofScience

apseudo-scientist

C、asciencepopulariser

D、areporter

【正確答案】B

【答案解析】從這段文字中，我們可以了解到作者認為，Sagan與偽科學作斗爭

的一個實例就是Sagan摧毀了Velikovsky的錯誤論述,即Velikovsky提出,在過

去幾千年中，水星與地球和火星反復多次相撞，這在圣經中有加載。

第52題【單選題】

(2010.041Thespokesmanoccasionallyhisspeechwithgestures.

24

A、acknowledges

B、accompanies

C、attributes

D、anticipates

【正確答案】B

【答案解析】本題考查詞匯。【譯文】這位發言人講演中偶爾伴有手勢。

第53題【單選題】

【完成句子】Heavymetalsarepersistent;theydonotbreakdowntoother

chemicalsintheenvironment.Industriallypollutedsitesusuallyundergointensive

clean-upandrehabilitationbecauseheavymetalsareahealthconcernoncethey

enterthefoodchain.Sometracemetalsareallegedtocausecancerandarealso

knowntocausepoisoning.Industriallycontaminatedsitesusuallyrequireathorough

clean-updueto.