2024年?yáng)|北三省四城市聯(lián)考暨沈陽(yáng)市高三質(zhì)量監(jiān)測(cè)（二）英語(yǔ)注意事項(xiàng):1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、考號(hào)填寫在答題卡上。2.選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)。不能答在本試卷上，否則無(wú)效。3.考試結(jié)束后，考生將答題卡交回。第一部分：聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.答案是C。1.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】Whatwillthespeakersdonext?A.Gotothesupermarket. B.Drivehome. C.Makealist.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:Beforeleavingthesupermarket,makesureyou’vegoteverythingyouwant.W:Yes,Ihaveboughtallthethingsontheshoppinglist.M:Great!Waitformetogetthecar.Wecangohomenow.2.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】Whatisthemandoing?A.Ridingabike. B.Drivingacar. C.Checkingamotorbike.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:Oh,youlooknotskilledonthatthing.Doyouthinkitwaswiseofustohirebicycles?M:Don’tworry.Ipassedmytestonamotorbike.W:Butitwasyearsago.You’vebeendrivingallthetimeandneverrideabike.3.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Strangers. B.Schoolmates. C.Roommates.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:Haveyoufoundaroommatetoshareyourapartment?M:Notyet.W:IheardKevinislookingforanapartmentnearourschool.M:Thanks.I’lltalktohim.4.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inaschool. B.Inabookshop. C.Inacleaner’sroom.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M:Thesebooksbelongtoschool,butnowtheyareruinedbyyou.W:I’msorry.MR.Mason.Isupposethemanattheshopdidn’tpackmyfoodproperlybeforeIputtheminmyschoolbag.M:Youshouldhavecheckedthemthen.Nowjustsendforthecleaner.5.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】HowmanytimeswasPhiliptoldhisdinnerwasready?A.Three. B.Two. C.One.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M:Whydidn’tsomeonesaymydinnerwasready?It’salmostgonecold.W:Philip,Itoldyouitwasreadybeforeyouwentupstairs.ThenIsentyoursistertotellyou,andalsoDadshouteduptoyoufiveminutesago.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】6.Whathastheweatherbeenlikerecently?A.Cloudy. B.Rainy. C.Sunny.7.Whatistheman’sadviceforthewoman?A.Buyinganewphone. B.Takinganumbrella. C.Travelingbycar.【答案】6.A7.B【解析】【原文】W:IwonderifI’llneedmyumbrellatoday.M:Yeah,itdoesn’tlookveryniceoutthere,doesit?W:True.Butit’sbeencloudylikethisfordays,yetit’sstayeddry.M:Whatdoestheweatherreportsay?W:Notmuch.Iaskedmyphone’svirtualassistant,butitjustsaid,“Itmayraintoday.There’sa51%chanceat10:00a.m.”M:Veryhelpful!W:Iknow!Itmightaswellsay,“Yourguessisasgoodasmine!”M:Haha!You’dbettertakeoneanyway.Bettertobeprepared.W:Goodpoint.AndIguessIcantakemytravelumbrella.It’ssmall.聽下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】8.Whathappenedtothewoman’sstory?A.Itwascopied. B.Itwaslost. C.Itwasstolen.9.Whyisthewomanadvisedtoeatsomething?A.Toavoidhermisfortune. B.Tocheerherselfup. C.Tokillhertime.【答案】8.B9.B【解析】【原文】W:Ican’tbelieveit.I’velostmywholestory.M:What’shappened?W:Allofasudden,myscreenwentblack.Whenitcamebackon,therewasnothingthere.Ispentallmorningwritingthatstory.M:Didyousaveitasyouwentalong?W:IthoughtIdid,buttheputersavesthingsitself,doesn’tit?M:Idon’ttrustthat.Havealooktoseeifthere’sacopyonyourbackup.W:There’snothingthere.Ichecked.M:Ohdear.W:Well,that’sit.Awholemorninghasbeenwasted.I’lljusthavetodothewholethingagain.M:Howannoying!Ithashappenedtomebefore.eon.Let’sgotolunch.Youmightfeelbetteraftereatingsomething.W:OK.Ihavenobetterchoice.聽下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】10.Whenwillthemangraduate?A.Thisweek. B.Inayear. C.Inthreemonths.11.Whatdoesthewomansuggestthemandobeforegraduation?A.Borrowsomemoney. B.Getaparttimejob. C.Keepstudying.12.Whathasthewomanstarteddoing?A.Lookingforfulltimejobs. B.Workingasateacher. C.Applyingforjobs.【答案】10.C11.B12.A【解析】【原文】M:Ireallydoneedsomemoney.Ineverseemtohaveanythingthesedays.W:Haveyoueverthoughtaboutgettingajob?M:Notuntilmygraduation.ButI’llhavetowaitforthreemonths.Ineedmoneythisweek.W:Maybesomekindofparttimejob?Beforethat,youcouldborrowsomething,butIwouldn’tadvisethat.M:Isupposeyou’reright.Ishouldlookforaparttimejob.W:I’vealreadybegunlookingforfulltimejobs.M:MaybeIshouldbedoingthataswell.Haveyoubeeninvitedforanyinterviews?W:Ihaven’tactuallyappliedanywhereyet.I’vejustlookedatwhatkindofjobisbeingoffered.M:Whatareyouthinkingofdoing?W:I’dliketobeatranslator.ButmaybeateacherifIfailthat.Howaboutyou?M:Formycareer,Iwanttodoengineering.聽下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】13.Whatisthemandoing?A.Preparingforameeting. B.Exercising. C.Cooking.14.Howdoesthewomansoundattheman’sweightloss?A.Serious. B.Surprised. C.Hopeful.15.Howdoesthemangotoworknow?A.Bybike. B.Bybus. C.Bytrain.16.Whatwillthemandotohelpthewoman?A.Makesaladsforher. B.Gojoggingwithher. C.Lendabooktoher.【答案】13.C14.B15.A16.C【解析】【原文】W:Thatsmellsgood.Whatareyoumaking?M:Mybreakfastfortomorrow.W:Butit’salmostdinnertime.M:Well,I’vegotaveryearlystarttomorrowmorning.W:Whatareyougoingtodo?M:I’vegotameetingatmypany’sheadoffice.IfIdon’tprepare,IknowI’llendupeatingsomethingunhealthyatthetrainstation.I’vealsomadeasaladtotakewithmeforlunch.W:Wow,I’veneverknownyoutobethisorganized.You’reveryseriousaboutlosingweight,aren’tyou?M:Iam.AndI’mhappytosayit’sworking.W:Oh,really?M:Yes,I’velostsixkilossinceIstartedatthebeginningoftheyear.Iweighed95kiloswhenIstartedinJanuary.W:That’samazing.Andinonly4months,haveyoubeenexercisingtoo?M:Yes,Iusedtotakethebustowork,andnowIrideabikeinstead.W:That’sreallygreat.MaybeIshouldtrytolearnfromyou.M:Youdon’tneedtoloseanyweight.W:Imaybeslim.Ieatwaytoomuchjunkfood.Idriveeverywhereevenwhenitwouldbeeasytowalk.M:Well,Icanlendyouthebookthatinspiredme.W:Thatwouldbegreat.Thanks.聽下面一段獨(dú)白，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】17.Whatisthespeakermainlytalkingabout?A.Hisfeelingafterreceivinganaward.B.Hisexperienceabouttravelingaround.C.Hispreferencefordifferentmusictypes.18.Whereisthespeakerfrom?A.Ireland. B.Scotland. C.England.19.Whatdidthespeakermostrecentlyannouncetothepublic?A.Asinglesong. B.Athreesongcollection. C.Atwelvesongcollection.20.Whowillspeaknext?A.Ayoungmusician. B.Onefanofthespeaker’s. C.Thehostoftheceremony.【答案】17.A18.C19.A20.C【解析】【原文】Honestly,Ican’tbelievemydreamhasetrue.Asayoungman,IhavealwaysbeenimaginingmovingtoLosAngelesonedayandputtingmywholeheartintomusic.Ofcourse,atthetime,thisseemedlikeaverydistanthope.Butthankstomyfans,supportersandwife,I’mheretoday.First,Ireleasedthreetwelvesongrecords,whichslowlygainedattentionaroundmyhometowninNorthernEnglandandsomenearbyregionslikeScotlandandIreland.Andnow,mylatestproject,whichwasjustasinglesong,caughttheworld’sattention.Forthat,I’dsayitonlyhappenedbecauseIrefusedtogiveup.Throughtheupsanddownsinmycareer,Ididitallfortheloveofmusic.So,beingrecognizedforthisawardmeansalottome.Toalltheyoungmusiciansoutthere,youcandoittoo.Plus,toallthefansandanyoneenjoyingmymusic,I’vedonethisforyou.Thisawardisforallofus—maymanymoregreatthingseinthefuture.Now,putyourhandstogetherforourhost,BobAckerman,withthenextaward.第二部分：閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AGreenLinePerformingArtsCenter329EGarfieldBlvd.Chicago,IL60637UpingProgramsInclude:FirstMondayJazzSeries:CrosswindMondayFeb4|onwards7—9pmFirstMondayJazzisafreemonthlyeventshowcasinglocalChicagojazzartists.GreenLightSeries:SouthSideStoryTimeSundayFeb17|10—11amBringyourkidstolisten,learn,sing,dance,andinteract!SouthSideStoryTimeisasmallgatheringthatcentresonreadingsforitsyoungattendeesalongwiththechancefortheirparentstosocialize.Opentofamilieswithchildrenofallages.SistergirlsandFreedomFighters:StoriesinCelebrationofWomen’sPowerandGraceWednesdayFeb20|7—8:30pmJoinusforaneveningofstorytellingfeaturingthedynamicsinging,IntheSpiritbyEmilyHooperLansana.Thisperformancewillhighlightarangeofstoriesthatdemonstratewomen’screativeandpoliticalgeniusfromfolkheroinestoNobelPeacePrizewinners.FamilySaturdays:ArttogetherEvery1stSaturdayoftheMonth|3—5pmExploreyourchild’sartisticcuriositywithhandsonartworkshopsdesignedtostimulatecreativityandplay.Theseinterdisciplinaryworkshopsareexcitingfortheentirefamily,offeringactivitiesfrommusictoartsandcrafts.etolearnsomethingnew!Appropriateforfamilieswithchildren.Registrationisencouraged.FollowArts+PublicLifeonFacebookformoreeventdetailsandafulllistofallupingperformances.21.Whencanpeopleenjoyjazz?A.At8pmeveryfirstMonday. B.At4pmeverySaturday.C.At7pmonWednesdays. D.At9pmonMondays.22.WhatdoweknowaboutSistergirlsandFreedomFighters?A.Itlaststwohours. B.ItisorganizedbyEmily.C.Itisaprizewinningperformance. D.Itcelebrateswomen’sachievements.23.WhatdoGreenLightSeriesandFamilySaturdayshaveinmon?A.Theformsofarts. B.Targetparticipants.C.Thedurationofactivities. D.Registrationrequirements.【答案】21.A22.D23.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章簡(jiǎn)要介紹了一個(gè)演藝中心即將推出的四個(gè)活動(dòng)。【21題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)FirstMondayJazzSeries中“MondayFeb4|onwards7—9pm(2月4日星期一起晚7點(diǎn)至9點(diǎn))”可知，人們可以在每個(gè)星期一晚上8點(diǎn)欣賞爵士樂(lè)。故選A項(xiàng)。【22題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)SistergirlsandFreedomFighters中“StoriesinCelebrationofWomen’sPowerandGrace(歌頌女性力量與優(yōu)雅的故事)”和“Thisperformancewillhighlightarangeofstoriesthatdemonstratewomen’screativeandpoliticalgeniusfromfolkheroinestoNobelPeacePrizewinners.(從民間女英雄到諾貝爾和平獎(jiǎng)得主，此次演出將突出展示女性創(chuàng)造力和政治天賦的一系列故事)”可知，這個(gè)活動(dòng)講述女性的力量與優(yōu)雅，慶祝女性的成就。故選D項(xiàng)。【23題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)GreenLightSeries中“Opentofamilieswithchildrenofallages.(對(duì)有各年齡段孩子的家庭開放)”和FamilySaturdays中“Appropriateforfamilieswithchildren.(適合有孩子的家庭)”可知，這兩個(gè)活動(dòng)的共同之處在于目標(biāo)參與者都是有孩子的家庭。故選B項(xiàng)。BIwastheonlykidincollegewithareasontogotothemailbox,becausemymotherneverbelievedinemail,inFacebook,intextingorcellphones.Iwasliterallywaitingbythemailboxtogetaletterwithawarmestfortfromher.SowhenImovedtoNewYorkandgotdepressed,IdidtheonlythingIcouldthinkof.Iwrotethosesamekindsofletterslikemymotherforstrangers,andtuckedthemalloverthecity:incafes,inlibraries,andeveninthesubway.Ibloggedaboutthoselettersandpromisedifaskedforahandwrittenletter,Iwouldwriteone.Overnight,myinboxbecamethisharborofheartbreak—asinglemotherinSacramento,agirlbeingbulliedinKansas,a22yearoldimmigrant,allaskingmetowritethemandgivethemareasontowaitbythemailbox.AndthisishowIinitiatedtheactTheWorldNeedsMoreLoveLetters.TodayIrunaglobalorganizationfueledbythosetripstothemailbox.Itisamiracle.Butthethingabouttheselettersisthatmostofthemhavebeenwrittenbypeoplebroughtupinapaperlessworldwheresomebestconversationshappenonascreen.WehavelearnedtodiaryourpainontoFacebook,andwespeakswiftlyintwitter.Therefore,I’vebeencarryingthismailcrate(大木箱)withmethesedays,whichisamagicalicebreaker.SoIgettotelltotalstrangersaboutawomanwhosehusbandwastraumatized(受精神創(chuàng)傷)fromwar,andhowsheleftlovelettersthroughoutthehousesaying,“ebacktome.”Andaman,whohaddecidedtotakehislife,sleptsafelywithastackoflettersjustbeneathhispillow,handwrittenbystrangerswhowerethereforhim.Thesestoriesconvincemethatletterwritingwillneverneedtobeaboutefficiency,becauseitisanartnow,allofit:thesigning,thescripting,themailing.24.Whydidtheauthorshareherexperienceincollege?A.Toshowhercareforherfamily. B.Toconveyherloveforwritingletters.C.Toexpressherfeelingsattachedtoletters. D.Toproveherconsistencyinwritingletters.25.Whatcausedtheauthortolaunchtheact?A.Sheadvocatedthepaperlesslifestyle. B.Sheintendedtoprovideprofessionalaid.C.Shetriedtoimprovehermunicationskills. D.Sheaimedtogiveemotionalsupportwithletters.26.Whydoestheauthorcallthemailcrate“amagicalicebreaker”?A.Itcurespeopleofmentaldiseases. B.Itservesasaconversationstarter.C.Ithasmagicpowertomeltice. D.Itempowerspeopletobebrave.27.Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.FamilyLettersArePriceless B.LoveforWritingNeverDeclinesC.WorldNeedsMoreLoveLetters D.HandwrittenLettersImproveEfficiency【答案】24.C25.D26.B27.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇記敘文。“我”在大學(xué)時(shí)期經(jīng)常在郵箱旁等待媽媽寄給“我”的最溫暖的信件，這讓“我”對(duì)紙質(zhì)信件有著深刻的情結(jié)，在搬去紐約之后“我”非常沮喪，于是“我”開始給陌生人寫信，發(fā)起了“世界需要更多愛的信件”行動(dòng)，給人們提供精神和情感上的支持。【24題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Iwastheonlykidincollegewithareasontogotothemailbox,becausemymotherneverbelievedinemail,inFacebook,intextingorcellphones.Iwasliterallywaitingbythemailboxtogetaletterwithawarmestfortfromher.(我是大學(xué)里唯一一個(gè)有理由去郵箱的孩子，因?yàn)槲夷赣H從來(lái)不相信電子郵件、Facebook、短信或手機(jī)。我真的是在信箱旁等著收到一封她給我最溫暖的安慰的信。)”和第二段第一句“SowhenImovedtoNewYorkandgotdepressed,IdidtheonlythingIcouldthinkof.(所以當(dāng)我搬到紐約感到沮喪時(shí)，我做了我唯一能想到的事。)”可知，作者分享給她在大學(xué)時(shí)期的經(jīng)歷是為了表達(dá)她對(duì)信件的深刻情結(jié)。故選C。【25題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Overnight,myinboxbecamethisharborofheartbreak—asinglemotherinSacramento,agirlbeingbulliedinKansas,a22yearoldimmigrant,allaskingmetowritethemandgivethemareasontowaitbythemailbox.AndthisishowIinitiatedtheactTheWorldNeedsMoreLoveLetters.(一夜之間，我的收件箱變成了心碎的港灣——薩克拉門托的單身母親，堪薩斯被欺負(fù)的女孩，一個(gè)22歲的移民，都讓我給他們寫信，給他們一個(gè)在郵箱旁等待的理由。這就是我發(fā)起“世界需要更多愛的信件”行動(dòng)的原因。)”可知，作者發(fā)起這項(xiàng)行動(dòng)是為了通過(guò)寫信給予情感上的支持。故選D。【26題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段第二句“SoIgettotelltotalstrangersaboutawomanwhosehusbandwastraumatized(受精神創(chuàng)傷)fromwar,andhowsheleftlovelettersthroughoutthehousesaying,“ebacktome.”(于是我開始給陌生人講述一個(gè)女人的故事，她的丈夫在戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)中受到了創(chuàng)傷，她如何在家里到處留下情書，說(shuō)：“回到我身邊來(lái)。”)”可知，作者稱郵件箱為“神奇的破冰器”是因?yàn)樗梢宰鳛檎勗挼拈_場(chǎng)白。故選B。【27題詳解】主旨大意題。“我”在大學(xué)時(shí)期經(jīng)常在郵箱旁等待媽媽寄給“我”的最溫暖的信件，這讓“我”對(duì)紙質(zhì)信件有著深刻的情結(jié)，在搬去紐約之后“我”非常沮喪，于是“我”開始給陌生人寫信，發(fā)起了“世界需要更多愛的信件”行動(dòng)，給人們提供精神和情感上的支持。所以短文的最佳標(biāo)題為“世界需要更多愛的信件”。故選C。CNanakoHamawasholdingalightenvelop.Whenshetoreitopenwithcare,locksofhairemerged.ManystrangerssendHamalocksoftheirhair,hopingtorecycleit.Peoplegenerateahugeamountofhairwaste.Nearlyallofthatwasteendsupinlandfill,whereitcanreleaseharmfulgreenhousegasesthatcontributetoclimatechange.Buthairpossessesusefulqualitiesthatit’sashametosimplythrowitaway.That’swhypeopleallaroundtheworld,likeHama,havebeencollectinghairandfindinginnovativewaystorecycleit,includingmakingmats(墊子)outofitforremovingoilleaksintheocean.HamaispartofthenonprofitMatterofTrust(MoT)membersworkingatmorethan60centersdottedacross17countries,usingmachinestomakehairdonatedfromlocalsalonsandindividualsintosquaremat,whicharethenusedtocleanupthefloatingoil.“Hairisparticularlywellsuitedforthis,”saysMoTcofounderLisaGautier.“That’sbecauseitsroughsortofouterlayerletsoilsticktoit.”MoT’smatshavebeenusedinmajoroilleaks,includingthe2010DeepwaterHorizonand2007CoscoBusanincidents.Ina2018studyMurray,anenvironmentalscientistattheUniversityofTechnologySydney,inAustraliafoundthatmatsmadeofrecycledhumanhaircouldabsorb0.84gramsofoilontoitssurfaceforeverygramofhair—significantlymorethanpolypropylene(聚丙烯),atypeofplasticthat’stypicallyusedtocleanupfloatingoil.Besides,hairisalsousefulasfertilizer(化肥).Haircontainsarelativelyhighnitrogen(氮),achemicalelementcrucialforplantgrowth,andeachlockofhairismadeofroughly16percentofthisessentialnutrient.Lastyear,morethan560gallonsofliquidfertilizermadefromhumanhairwassoldtofarmersinnorthernTanzaniaandthefeedbackfromthefarmershasbeenveryencouraging.“It’sjustagreatwaytousehairinaproductiveway.Hairisananswerliterallyhanginginfrontofoureyes—foroilandsoil,”Hamasays.28.Howdoestheauthorintroducethetopic?A.Bypresentingascene. B.Bydetailingthebackground.C.Bydescribingtheusageofhair. D.Bypraisinganenvironmentalist.29.Whatcanthematmadeofhumanhairdo?A.Improvesoil. B.Preventoilleaks. C.Takeinharmfulgas. D.Cleartheseaofoil.30.Whichqualitiesofhaircontributetoitsinnovativeuse?AItscolorandstrength. B.Itslengthandamount.C.Itsweightandflexibility. D.Itsstructureandponent.31.Whichbestdescribesthefutureofhairwasteasfertilizer?A.Uncertain. B.Promising. C.Doubtful. D.Worrying.【答案】28.A29.D30.D31.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇新聞報(bào)道。短文介紹了頭發(fā)的創(chuàng)新性用途，清除海上的石油和充當(dāng)肥料。【28題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“NanakoHamawasholdingalightenvelop.Whenshetoreitopenwithcare,locksofhairemerged.ManystrangerssendHamalocksoftheirhair,hopingtorecycleit.”（NanakoHama手里拿著一個(gè)輕信封。當(dāng)她小心翼翼地打開盒子時(shí)，一縷縷頭發(fā)露出來(lái)。許多陌生人把自己的頭發(fā)寄給Hama，希望能回收利用。）可知，作者通過(guò)呈現(xiàn)一個(gè)場(chǎng)景引入主題的。故選A項(xiàng)。【29題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“includingmakingmats(墊子)outofitforremovingoilleaksintheocean.”（包括用它做墊子來(lái)清除海洋中的石油泄漏）可知，頭發(fā)能清除海上的石油。故選D項(xiàng)。【30題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“That’sbecauseitsroughsortofouterlayerletsoilsticktoit.”（這是因?yàn)樗植诘耐鈱幼層驼吃谏厦妗＃└鶕?jù)第四段“matsmadeofrecycledhumanhaircouldabsorb0.84gramsofoilontoitssurfaceforeverygramofhair—significantlymorethanpolypropylene(聚丙烯),atypeofplasticthat’stypicallyusedtocleanupfloatingoil.Besides,hairisalsousefulasfertilizer(化肥).Haircontainsarelativelyhighnitrogen(氮),achemicalelementcrucialforplantgrowth,andeachlockofhairismadeofroughly16percentofthisessentialnutrient.”（由回收的人類頭發(fā)制成的墊子每克頭發(fā)可以吸收0.84克的油，遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)超過(guò)聚丙烯，一種通常用于清理浮油的塑料。此外，頭發(fā)也是有用的肥料。頭發(fā)含有相對(duì)較高的氮，這是一種對(duì)植物生長(zhǎng)至關(guān)重要的化學(xué)元素，每根頭發(fā)大約由16%的這種必需營(yíng)養(yǎng)素組成。）可知，頭發(fā)的結(jié)構(gòu)和組成有助于它的創(chuàng)新用途。故選D項(xiàng)。【31題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“Lastyear,morethan560gallonsofliquidfertilizermadefromhumanhairwassoldtofarmersinnorthernTanzaniaandthefeedbackfromthefarmershasbeenveryencouraging.”（去年，超過(guò)560加侖的由人類頭發(fā)制成的液體肥料賣給了坦桑尼亞北部的農(nóng)民，農(nóng)民的反饋非常令人鼓舞。）可知，頭發(fā)廢料作為肥料的未來(lái)是有前途的。故選B項(xiàng)。DGermanphysicistAlbertEinsteinisoneofthemostfamousscientistsofalltime,thepersonificationofgeniusandthesubjectofawholeindustryofscholarship.InTheEinsteinianRevolution,twoexpertsonEinstein’slifeandhistheoryofrelativity—IsraeliphysicistHanochGutfreundandGermanhistorianofscienceJürgenRenn—offeranoriginalandpenetrating(犀利的)analysisofEinstein’srevolutionarycontributionstophysicsandourviewofthephysicalworld.Forthefirsttimeever,bysettingEinstein’sworkinthelongcourseoftheevolutionofscientificknowledge,GutfreundandRenndiscoverthepopularmisconceptionofEinsteinasanunconventionalscientificgeniuswhosinglehandedlycreatedmodernphysics—andbypurethoughtalone.Asalargepartofthebookexplains,Einsteintypicallyarguedthatscienceprogressesthroughsteadyevolution,notthroughrevolutionarybreakswiththepast.Hesawhistheoryofrelativitynotassomethingfromscratch,butanaturalextensionoftheclassicalphysicsdevelopedbypioneerssuchasItalianastronomerGalileoGalileiandEnglishphysicistIsaacNewtoninthesixteenthandseventeenthcenturies,aswellasnineteenthcenturyphysicists.TheauthorshighlighthowclassicalphysicscannotbeseparatedcleanlyfrommodernEinsteinianphysics.ThebookalsoincludessubstantialsectionsonPolishastronomerNicolausCopernicusandGalileowhosemethodsinspiredEinstein.WhenEinsteinconsideredhimselfasstandingontheirshoulders,hemeantthat,withouttheircontributions,hewouldnothaveformulated(闡述)thetheoryofrelativity.TheEinsteinianRevolutionisanimportantandthoughtprovokingcontributiontothescholarlyliteratureonEinsteinandhissurprisingscientificcreativitybetween1905and1925.GutfreundandRennmightnothavegiventhefinalanswerastowhyEinstein,ofallpeople,revolutionizedphysicsinthewaythathedid.Buttheyargueinfascinatingdetailthat,tounderstandhisgenius,onemusttakeintoaccountnotjusttheearlierhistoryofphysicsbutalsothehistoryofknowledgemorebroadly.Althoughnotalwaysaneasyread,thebookwillinterestphysicistsandhistoriansalike.32.What’stheattitudeofGutfreundandRenntothepopularviewpointonEinstein?A.Opposing. B.Favorable. C.Ambiguous. D.Indifferent.33.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“fromscratch”probablymean?A.Fromnothing. B.Uptoacertainstandard.CBylearningfromothers. D.Withpreviousknowledge.34.Whatdoestheauthormeantosaybymentioningthefamousphysicists?A.TheirideaswererejectedbyEinstein.B.TheirdevotiontophysicsimpressedEinstein.C.TheirresearchcontributedtoEinstein’ssuccess.D.Theirhardworkdeservedtheworldwiderespect.35.Whereisthetextmostprobablytakenfrom?A.Aguidebooktoacourse. B.Anintroductiontoabook.C.AnessayonAlbertEinstein. D.Areviewofphysicsdevelopment.【答案】32.A33.A34.C35.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文的體裁是一篇說(shuō)明文。旨在介紹和評(píng)價(jià)一本關(guān)于愛因斯坦及其相對(duì)論的書《愛因斯坦革命》。【32題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Forthefirsttimeever,bysettingEinstein’sworkinthelongcourseoftheevolutionofscientificknowledge,GutfreundandRenndiscoverthepopularmisconceptionofEinsteinasanunconventionalscientificgeniuswhosinglehandedlycreatedmodernphysics—andbypurethoughtalone(有史以來(lái)第一次，通過(guò)將愛因斯坦的工作置于科學(xué)知識(shí)的漫長(zhǎng)進(jìn)化過(guò)程中，哈諾赫·古特弗倫德和于爾根·雷恩發(fā)現(xiàn)了一種普遍的誤解，即愛因斯坦是一個(gè)非傳統(tǒng)的科學(xué)天才，他獨(dú)自創(chuàng)造了現(xiàn)代物理學(xué)，而且僅憑純粹的想象)”可知，哈諾赫·古特弗倫德和于爾根·雷恩對(duì)流行的愛因斯坦觀點(diǎn)持反對(duì)的態(tài)度，故選A項(xiàng)。【33題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第三段劃線詞上文“Einsteintypicallyarguedthatscienceprogressesthroughsteadyevolution,notthroughrevolutionarybreakswiththepast.(愛因斯坦通常認(rèn)為科學(xué)是通過(guò)穩(wěn)定的進(jìn)化而進(jìn)步的，而不是通過(guò)與過(guò)去的革命性突破)”以及下文“butanaturalextensionoftheclassicalphysicsdevelopedbypioneerssuchasItalianastronomerGalileoGalileiandEnglishphysicistIsaacNewtoninthesixteenthandseventeenthcenturies,aswellasnineteenthcenturyphysicists(而是由意大利天文學(xué)家伽利略、英國(guó)物理學(xué)家艾薩克·牛頓等先驅(qū)在16世紀(jì)和17世紀(jì)以及19世紀(jì)物理學(xué)家發(fā)展起來(lái)的經(jīng)典物理學(xué)的自然延伸)”可推理出劃線詞的含義為“從零開始”，故選A項(xiàng)。【34題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“butanaturalextensionoftheclassicalphysicsdevelopedbypioneerssuchasItalianastronomerGalileoGalileiandEnglishphysicistIsaacNewtoninthesixteenthandseventeenthcenturies,aswellasnineteenthcenturyphysicists(而是由意大利天文學(xué)家伽利略、英國(guó)物理學(xué)家艾薩克·牛頓等先驅(qū)在16世紀(jì)和17世紀(jì)以及19世紀(jì)物理學(xué)家發(fā)展起來(lái)的經(jīng)典物理學(xué)的自然延伸)”可推理作者提到著名物理學(xué)家是為了說(shuō)明他們的研究為愛因斯坦的成功做出了貢獻(xiàn)，故選C項(xiàng)。【35題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“InTheEinsteinianRevolution,twoexpertsonEinstein’slifeandhistheoryofrelativity—IsraeliphysicistHanochGutfreundandGermanhistorianofscienceJürgenRenn—offeranoriginalandpenetrating(犀利的)analysisofEinstein’srevolutionarycontributionstophysicsandourviewofthephysicalworld(在《愛因斯坦的革命》一書中，兩位對(duì)愛因斯坦的生活及其相對(duì)論頗有研究的專家——以色列物理學(xué)家哈諾赫·古特弗倫德和德國(guó)科學(xué)史學(xué)家于爾根·雷恩，對(duì)愛因斯坦對(duì)物理學(xué)和我們看待物理世界的觀點(diǎn)的革命性貢獻(xiàn)進(jìn)行了原創(chuàng)且犀利的分析。)”、第三段“Asalargepartofthebookexplains,Einsteintypicallyarguedthatscienceprogressesthroughsteadyevolution,notthroughrevolutionarybreakswiththepast(正如該書中的大量?jī)?nèi)容所解釋的那樣，愛因斯坦通常認(rèn)為，科學(xué)的進(jìn)步是通過(guò)穩(wěn)步發(fā)展而來(lái)的，而不是通過(guò)顛覆過(guò)去的革命性突破實(shí)現(xiàn))”以及最后一段“Althoughnotalwaysaneasyread,thebookwillinterestphysicistsandhistoriansalike(雖然這本書并不總是那么容易閱讀，但物理學(xué)家和歷史學(xué)家都會(huì)對(duì)它感興趣)”可推理出，本文取自對(duì)一本書的介紹，故選B項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Problemsolvingskillsareincreasinglyvaluableintheworkplaceandcouldhelpyouachievemoreinyourpersonallifetoo.Here’showtoenhanceyourstrategy.DevelopanalyticalthinkingThekeytoeffectiveproblemsolvingistheabilitytobreakdownplexissuesintosmaller,moremanageableponents.____36____.Thisinvolvessystematicallydeconstructingaproblem,understandingitsdifferencesandidentifyingtherelationshipsbetweenitsvariouselements.Improvinganalyticalthinkingrequiresastructuredapproach.Beginbyclearlydefiningtheproblemathand,identifyingitskeyponentsandrecognizingtheinterconnectionsbetweenthem.Promotecreativity____37____Todevelopcreativity,youmustengageinactivitiesthatcanstimulateyourimaginationandformnewideas.Additionally,exposingyourselftodifferentfields,experiencesandculturescanserveasasourceofcreativeproblemsolving.StrengthenmunicationskillsClearandbriefmunicationisthekeytoeffectiveproblemsolving,actingasthebridgethatconnectsdiverseperspectivesandadjustsindividualstowardamongoal.Goodmunicationbeginswiththeartofexpression.Thisneedschoosingtherightwordsandstructuringinformationlogically.Activelistening,ontheotherhand,istheskillofreceivinginformationwithfocus.____38____.LearnfrommistakesMistakesarenotfailuresbutagoodwaytosuccess.____39____.Analyzewhatgoeswrong,identifyareasforimprovementandusethisknowledgetoinformyourfutureproblemsolvingefforts.Itnotonlyacceleratesthelearningprocessbutalsoencouragescollectiveproblemsolvingskills.____40____Thejourneytobeinganexpertproblemsolverisanongoingprocessofgrowthandimprovement.Seekingcontinuouslearningopportunitiesensuresthatyoustayaheadofchangingchallengesandacquirethenecessaryskills.Furthermore,networkingwithprofessionalsinyourfieldprovidesagoodwayofsharedlearning.A.StaywellinformedB.SeekcontinuouslearningC.ImprovingitrequiresastructuredapproachDEachmistakewillgiveyouachancetothinkandlearnE.OutoftheboxthinkingisessentialforproblemsolvingF.ThesewillmakesureyourmessageiseasytounderstandG.Itinvolvesnotjusthearingwordsbutunderstandingthedifferences【答案】36.C37.E38.G39.D40.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。解決問(wèn)題的能力在職場(chǎng)中越來(lái)越有價(jià)值，也可以幫助你在個(gè)人生活中取得更多成就。以下是如何提高這一能力的策略。【36題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Thekeytoeffectiveproblemsolvingistheabilitytobreakdownplexissuesintosmaller,moremanageableponents.”（有效解決問(wèn)題的關(guān)鍵是將復(fù)雜問(wèn)題分解成更小、更易于管理的組件的能力。）根據(jù)下文“Thisinvolvessystematicallydeconstructingaproblem,understandingitsdifferencesandidentifyingtherelations