2025年護(hù)士執(zhí)業(yè)資格考試題庫（外科護(hù)理學(xué)專項）護(hù)理專業(yè)英語詞匯考察試卷考試時間：______分鐘總分：______分姓名：______一、選擇題要求：從每小題的四個選項中選擇一個最符合題意的答案。1.Thepatientisexperiencingseverepainaftersurgery.Whichofthefollowingpainmanagementtechniquesshouldbeused?A.AnalgesicmedicationB.MusclerelaxantsC.IcepacksD.Distractiontherapy2.Whichofthefollowingisacommoncauseofsurgicalsiteinfection?A.PoorhandhygieneB.UseofantibioticsC.SteriletechniqueD.Earlyambulation3.Thepatienthasbeendiagnosedwithahernia.Whichtypeofherniaischaracterizedbyabulgethatcanbepushedbackintotheabdomen?A.InguinalherniaB.IncisionalherniaC.UmbilicalherniaD.Femoralhernia4.Whichofthefollowingisapotentialcomplicationofdeepveinthrombosis(DVT)?A.PulmonaryembolismB.VenouscongestionC.EdemaD.Bruising5.Thepatienthasbeenadmittedforappendicitis.Whichofthefollowingsignsandsymptomsismostindicativeofappendicitis?A.DiarrheaB.NauseaC.FeverD.Constipation6.Whichofthefollowingisacommonsurgicalprocedureforgallstones?A.CholecystectomyB.AppendectomyC.HerniorrhaphyD.Lumbarpuncture7.Thepatienthasbeendiagnosedwithafracture.Whichofthefollowingistheprimarygoaloffracturemanagement?A.PainreliefB.RestorationoffunctionC.StabilizationofthefractureD.Alloftheabove8.Whichofthefollowingisapotentialsideeffectoflong-termuseofNSAIDs?A.GastrointestinalbleedingB.LiverdamageC.KidneydamageD.Alloftheabove9.Thepatienthasbeendiagnosedwithastroke.Whichofthefollowingisthemosteffectivetreatmentforischemicstroke?A.AnticoagulantsB.AntiplateletagentsC.ThrombolytictherapyD.Supportivecare10.Whichofthefollowingisacommoncauseofrespiratoryfailureinsurgicalpatients?A.PneumoniaB.PulmonaryembolismC.AspirationD.Alloftheabove二、填空題要求：根據(jù)所給句子，在空格處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或短語。1.Aftersurgery,thepatientshouldbemonitoredforsignsof_______and_______.2.Themostcommontypeof_______isthe_______hernia.3._______istheprimarytreatmentforDVTtoprevent_______.4._______istheinitialstepinthemanagementofapatientwithasuspected_______.5._______isthemosteffectivetreatmentfor_______.6._______isapotentialcomplicationoflong-termuseof_______.7._______istheprimarygoaloffracturemanagementto_______.8._______isthemosteffectivetreatmentfor_______.9._______isacommoncauseof_______insurgicalpatients.10._______isthemosteffectivetreatmentfor_______.四、簡答題要求：簡要回答下列問題。1.Describetheimportanceofproperhandhygieneinpreventingsurgicalsiteinfections.2.Explainthepurposeofasurgicalincisionandthestepsinvolvedinclosingit.3.Discusstheroleofphysicaltherapyintherecoveryprocessofapatientwhohasundergonejointreplacementsurgery.五、論述題要求：詳細(xì)論述下列問題。1.Discussthemanagementofpaininsurgicalpatients,includingpharmacologicalandnon-pharmacologicalapproaches.2.Explaintheimportanceofnutritionintherecoveryprocessofsurgicalpatientsanddescribethedietaryconsiderationsfordifferenttypesofsurgeries.六、案例分析題要求：根據(jù)以下案例，回答提出的問題。Case:A65-year-oldmalepatientwithahistoryofchronicobstructivepulmonarydisease(COPD)isscheduledforacoronaryarterybypassgraft(CABG)surgery.Thepatienthasbeenexperiencingshortnessofbreathandchestpainforthepastmonth.Questions:1.WhatarethepotentialrisksassociatedwithCABGsurgeryinapatientwithCOPD?2.Whatpreoperativeassessmentsshouldbeconductedforthispatient?3.Describethepostoperativecareplanforthispatient,includingrespiratorymanagementandpaincontrol.本次試卷答案如下：一、選擇題1.A.Analgesicmedication解析：術(shù)后疼痛管理首先應(yīng)考慮使用鎮(zhèn)痛藥物，以減輕患者的疼痛。2.A.Poorhandhygiene解析：不良的手衛(wèi)生是導(dǎo)致手術(shù)部位感染的主要原因之一。3.A.Inguinalhernia解析：腹股溝斜疝（inguinalhernia）的特點是可以回納的腹壁缺損。4.A.Pulmonaryembolism解析：深靜脈血栓（DVT）可能導(dǎo)致肺栓塞，這是一種嚴(yán)重的并發(fā)癥。5.C.Fever解析：發(fā)熱是急性闌尾炎的典型癥狀之一。6.A.Cholecystectomy解析：膽囊切除術(shù)（cholecystectomy）是治療膽結(jié)石的常見手術(shù)。7.D.Alloftheabove解析：骨折管理的主要目標(biāo)是疼痛緩解、功能恢復(fù)和骨折的穩(wěn)定。8.D.Alloftheabove解析：長期使用非甾體抗炎藥（NSAIDs）可能導(dǎo)致胃腸道出血、肝損傷和腎損傷。9.C.Thrombolytictherapy解析：溶栓療法是治療缺血性腦卒中的最有效方法。10.D.Alloftheabove解析：肺炎、肺栓塞和吸入性肺炎都是手術(shù)后可能導(dǎo)致呼吸衰竭的原因。二、填空題1.infection,pain解析：術(shù)后應(yīng)監(jiān)測感染和疼痛的跡象。2.hernia,inguinal解析：最常見的疝是腹股溝疝。3.Anticoagulants,pulmonaryembolism解析：抗凝藥物是預(yù)防肺栓塞的主要治療方法。4.physicalexamination,appendicitis解析：物理檢查是診斷疑似闌尾炎的初始步驟。5.Thrombolytictherapy,ischemicstroke解析：溶栓療法是治療缺血性腦卒中的最有效方法。6.Gastrointestinalbleeding,NSAIDs解析：長期使用非甾體抗炎藥可能導(dǎo)致胃腸道出血。7.Painrelief,function解析：骨折管理的主要目標(biāo)是疼痛緩解和功能恢復(fù)。8.Supportivecare,ischemicstroke解析：支持性護(hù)理是治療缺血性腦卒中的主要方法。9.Aspiration,respiratoryfailure解析：吸入性肺炎是手術(shù)后可能導(dǎo)致呼吸衰竭的原因。10.Anticoagulants,pulmonaryembolism解析：抗凝藥物是預(yù)防肺栓塞的主要治療方法。四、簡答題1.Properhandhygieneiscrucialinpreventingsurgicalsiteinfectionsbecauseitreducesthenumberofmicroorganismsonthehandsofhealthcareproviders,therebyminimizingtheriskofintroducingpathogensintothesurgicalsiteduringtheprocedure.2.Asurgicalincisionismadetoaccessthesurgicalsiteandperformthenecessarysurgicalprocedures.Thestepsinvolvedinclosingtheincisionincludecleaningthesurgicalsite,applyinghemostaticagentsifneeded,suturingthetissuelayers,andapplyingadressingtoprotectthewound.3.Physicaltherapyplaysasignificantroleintherecoveryprocessofjointreplacementsurgerybyimprovingrangeofmotion,strength,andfunction.Ithelpspatientsregainindependenceinactivitiesofdailylivingandreducestheriskofcomplicationssuchascontracturesandosteoporosis.五、論述題1.Painmanagementinsurgicalpatientsinvolvesacombinationofpharmacologicalandnon-pharmacologicalapproaches.Pharmacologicalmethodsincludetheuseofanalgesics,suchasopioids,non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrugs(NSAIDs),andacetaminophen.Non-pharmacologicalmethodsincludedistractiontherapy,relaxationtechniques,andpatienteducation.2.Nutritionisessentialintherecoveryprocessofsurgicalpatientsasitsupportswoundhealing,immunefunction,andoverallhealth.Dietaryconsiderationsincludeensuringadequateproteinintakefortissuerepair,maintaininghydration,andavoidingfoodsthatmaycausegastrointestinaldiscomfortordelayhealing,suchasspicyorhigh-fatfoods.六、案例分析題1.Pote