高級中學名校試卷PAGEPAGE1江蘇省南通市鎮(zhèn)江市2024-2025學年高一下學期期中質量檢測英語試題第一部分聽力（略）第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題紙上將該項涂黑。AReadingcanbeoneofthemostrewardingactivitiesinlife,allowingustoexplorenewworlds,learnabouthistoryandculture,orescapeintofiction.Withsomanyunbelievabletitlesavailable,allreaderscanfindajust-rightbook.WatershipDownbyRichardAdamsThestorybeginswiththerabbits’homebeingdestroyedbyhumans.Agroupofrabbitsescapetofindanewplacetolive.Ontheiradventuretheymeetwithchallenges,andintheprocessmakemanynewfriendsalongtheway.Whentheydiscoveranoldnetworkofrabbitburrows(洞穴),theyrealizethismightbewhattheyhavebeensearchingfor.ChainsbyLaurieHalseAndersonChainstellsthestoryofIsabelandhersisterastheyaresoldintoslaveryduringtheRevolutionary(革命)WarofAmerica.Isabelisofferedachancetospyforrevolutionariessoshecanhaveherfreedomback.Couldawholenationalsogainitsownfreedom?Thetwogirlsfighttosurviveinaworldwheretheyhavenorightsorfreedom.Ender’sGamebyOrsonScottCardEnder’sGameisanexcitingnovelaboutayoungmanwhomustfighttosavehisplanetfromaliens’(外星人)attack.ThestoryfollowsEnderWiggin,achildherowhogoesthroughBattleSchoolandeventuallyCommandSchool.That’swhenhelearnshowtobecometheleaderneededtofightagainstthealienrace,Formics,onceandforall.HootbyCarlHiaasenInHootCarlHiaasenintroducesustoRoy,abrightandlovable13-yearoldwholivesintheFloridaEverglades.Royisanenthusiasticbirdwatcherandspendshisdaysexploringthewetlandwithhisfriends.WhenRoylearnsaboutagroupofdeveloperswhoaretryingtoturntheirwetlandintoagolfcourse,hebecomesdeterminedtostopthemfromharmingthiswetland.1.Whichbookmightbethebestbed-timestoryforkids?A.WatershipDown. B.Chains. C.Ender’sGame. D.Hoot.2.WhatisthesamefeaturefortheheroesinEnder’sGameandHoot?A.Theylikegettingclosetonature. B.Theyattempttopreventpollution.C.Theystruggleagainstthewrongs. D.Theyarecapableofsavingwildlife.3.Whereisthistextprobablytakenfrom?A.Aresearchpaper. B.Alibrarynotice. C.Acourseplan. D.Aliteraturewebsite.【答案】1.A2.C3.D【語篇解讀】本文是一篇應用文，主要介紹了四本書。【1題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)“WatershipDownbyRichardAdams”下面的內容可知，WatershipDown以動物（兔子）為主角，講述了冒險與友情的故事，更貼近傳統(tǒng)兒童文學風格。盡管有挑戰(zhàn)，但整體適合作為溫和的睡前故事。其他書籍涉及奴隸制（Chains）、外星戰(zhàn)爭（Ender’sGame）或環(huán)保斗爭（Hoot），主題相對沉重或緊張，可能不適合低齡兒童睡前閱讀。故選A。【2題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Ender’sGamebyOrsonScottCard”下面的“Ender’sGameisanexcitingnovelaboutayoungmanwhomustfighttosavehisplanetfromaliens’(外星人)attack.(Ender’sGame是一部激動人心的小說，講述了一個年輕人必須戰(zhàn)斗，從外星人的襲擊中拯救他的星球。)”和“HootbyCarlHiaasen”下面的“WhenRoylearnsaboutagroupofdeveloperswhoaretryingtoturntheirwetlandintoagolfcourse,hebecomesdeterminedtostopthemfromharmingthiswetland.(當Roy得知一群開發(fā)商正試圖將他們的濕地變成高爾夫球場時，他決心阻止他們破壞這片濕地。)”可知，Ender’sGame的主人公對抗外星人入侵，Hoot的主人公Roy阻止開發(fā)商破壞濕地，兩人均在對抗錯誤的行為（外星威脅與生態(tài)破壞），因此共同點是“對抗錯誤行為”。故選C。【3題詳析】推理判斷題。通讀全文可知，本文簡要介紹四本書籍的內容與主題，類似文學推薦或書評，最可能摘自文學網(wǎng)站。故選D。BAaronWarrenofMurfreesboro,Tennessee,isashiningexampleofresilience(堅韌)andpositivity.BornwithSpinalMuscularAtrophy(SMA),Aaronwasneverexpectedtolivepasthisthirdbirthday—buthejustturned27,ignoringtheoddswithhisoptimism(樂觀)。Markinghis“goldenbirthday”,Aaronsharedajoyfulphotoshootwithaboldballoondisplayreading“DisabledAF”.“I’veofficiallylivedtosee24morebirthdaysthanIwasexpectedtosee!”Aaronshared,adding,“IfIhadtosumuptodayinoneword,itwouldbethankful.”Heexpressedgratitude(感恩)forhisfamily,friends,businessteam,andevenhistrustywheelchair—jokingthatit“kindofcarriesthiswholeoperation.”Hecontinued“Now,I’mofftocelebratewithoneofmyfavoritefoods,lobsterbisquesoup.Andifyouhappentofindamargarita(astrongdrink)onmywheelchairtray...noyoudidn’t.”Beyondhisenthusiasm(熱情),Aaronisalsoabusinessmanmakingadifference.HefoundedZippedBrands,acompanythatchangesstylishname-brandshoesbyaddingzippers,makingthemeasiertowearforpeopleofallabilities.“Becauseofmydisabilityandbenttoes,wearingshoes—especiallyonesIloved—wasnearlyimpossible,”Aaronshared.“Iacceptedthatstylishshoesweren’tmeantforme.”Thencameabreakthrough:WhatifIcouldaddzipperstomyfavoriteshoebrands?Thatsimpleyetpowerfulideasparkedabusiness,ensuringthateveryone,normalordisabled,hasaccessto(可使用)fashionablefootwear.Aaron’sstoryisapowerfulreminderthatresilience,humor,andgratitudecanturnanychallengeintoanopportunity.Herefusestobedefinedbylimitations,insteadusinghisjourneytoupliftothers—whetherthroughhisoptimismorhisbusinessmakinglifeeasierforpeopleofallabilities.4.WhatdidAaronWarrencelebrateaccordingtoparagraph2?A.Histhirdbirthday. B.ThefoundingofZippedBrands.C.His27thbirthday. D.Thefirsttimehehadgreatfoods.5.WhatwasthepurposeofAaronWarrenfoundingZippedBrands?A.Tocreatejobsfordisabledindividuals.B.Toearnmoremoneytotreathisdisability.C.ToraisepublicawarenessofpreventingSMA.D.Tomakestylishshoesaccessibletomorepeople.6.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeAaronWarren?A.Energeticandresponsible. B.Humorousandoptimistic.C.Fashionableandeasy-going. D.Sensitiveandenthusiastic.7.WhatcanwelearnfromAaronWarren’sstory?A.Gratitudeenricheslife’sexperiences. B.Disabilitylimitspersonalachievements.C.Resilienceovercomeslife’schallenges. D.Creativitycomesfrompersonalfortune.【答案】4.C5.D6.B7.C【語篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了殘疾人AaronWarren的勵志故事。【4題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Aaronwasneverexpectedtolivepasthisthirdbirthday—buthejustturned27(Aaron從來沒有指望能活過三歲生日，但他剛剛滿27歲)”和第二段中“Markinghis“goldenbirthday”,Aaronsharedajoyfulphotoshootwithaboldballoondisplayreading“DisabledAF”.“I’veofficiallylivedtosee24morebirthdaysthanIwasexpectedtosee!”Aaronshared,adding,“IfIhadtosumuptodayinoneword,itwouldbethankful.”(為了慶祝他的“黃金生日”，Aaron分享了一張快樂的照片，照片上有一個醒目的氣球，上面寫著“殘疾自動對焦”。“我比預期多活了24個生日！”亞倫分享道，并補充道：“如果我必須用一個詞來總結今天，那就是‘感恩’。”)”可知，AaronWarren慶祝的是他27歲生日。故選C項。【5題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段中“Thatsimpleyetpowerfulideasparkedabusiness,ensuringthateveryone,normalordisabled,hasaccessto(可使用)fashionablefootwear.(這個簡單而有力的想法引發(fā)了一項業(yè)務，確保每個人，正常人或殘疾，都能穿上時尚的鞋子。)”可知，AaronWarren創(chuàng)立ZippedBrands的目的是讓更多人穿上時髦的鞋子。故選D項。【6題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中“Aaronwasneverexpectedtolivepasthisthirdbirthday—buthejustturned27,ignoringtheoddswithhisoptimism( 樂觀)(Aaron從來沒有指望能活過三歲生日，但他剛剛滿27歲，用他的樂觀忽視了這種（活不過三歲的）可能性)”和第二段中“Heexpressedgratitude(感恩)forhisfamily,friends,businessteam,andevenhistrustywheelchair—jokingthatit“kindofcarriesthiswholeoperation.(他對他的家人、朋友、商業(yè)團隊，甚至是他信賴的輪椅都表示了感謝——他開玩笑說，這輪椅“承載了整個行動”。)”可知，AaronWarren是幽默而樂觀的。故選B項。【7題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Aaron’sstoryisapowerfulreminderthatresilience,humor,andgratitudecanturnanychallengeintoanopportunity.(Aaron的故事有力地提醒我們，堅韌、幽默和感恩可以把任何挑戰(zhàn)變成機會)”可知，我們能從AaronWarren的故事中了解到韌性可以戰(zhàn)勝生活的挑戰(zhàn)。故選C項。CDebraDolanhasmailedpostcardstoherselfforover40years,viewingthemassnapshots(快照)notonlyofthetimeandplacebutalsoofwhoshewasatthatmoment.Shealsoenjoyssendingpostcardstofriendsandexchangingnoteswithhernewspapercarrier.“Ihavelearnedmoreaboutmyselffromthosecards,”Dolansaid.“Itissuchapersonalexperience.Readingthemback—allthejoysandchallengesofmylife—bringsmesuchpleasure.”WhilesomepeoplelikeDolanstillenjoywritingonpostcards,letter-writingseemstobebecomingalostart.Lettermailperaddress(letters,postcards,cards,etc.),hasfallenfromanaverageof246piecesoflettermailperCanadianhouseholdin2014to124piecesoflettermailperhouseholdin2023.ThismirrorsglobalpostalservicesstrugglingagainstInternet-basedtools.Meanwhile,handwritingteachinginCanadianschoolshasbeengivenlessattention,leavingsomeyouthsunabletosigntheirnames.That’ssomethingElenaWoo,41,inToronto,ishopingtochange.WooistheproducerandeditorofYoungW,anonlineshopthatencourageswhatshecallsananalogue(模擬的)lifestyle,includingletter-writing,artandotherbeautifulthingsinlife.Sheisdeterminedtopromoteletter-writingbesidesdigitalcommunication.“Lettersofferachoicebeyondscreens,”sheargues,stressingthatcomparedtoquickmessages,handwrittenwordsholdmoreemotionalweightandbringpeoplecloser.“Themediumisthemessage,”Wooadds,pointingouthowletter-writingbenefitsboththesenderandrecipient(收件人)throughthoughtfulself-expression.Astechnologyadvances,writingbyhandholdsspecialvalue—abridgebetweenpastandpresent,andaneffectivebalancetodigitalexchanges.Whetherthroughpostcardsorholidaynotes,theseitemscarrymorepersonalmeaningnodigitaltechnologycanmatch.There’snothingbetterthanopeningamailboxtofindaletterwaiting.LikeDebraDolan’s40-yearpostcardcollection,thispracticecreatesgoodmemoriesthatstandthetestoftime.8.WhatdoesDebraDolanmainlyconsiderherpostcardsas?A.Arecollectionofherpersonallife. B.Aregularactivityforrelaxation.C.Amethodforcontactingfriends. D.Aformofhercreativeexpression.9.WhatchangeishappeninginCanadiansociety?A.Growinglonelinessinthedigitalage. B.Asharpfallinhandwrittencommunication.C.Toughcompetitionbetweenpostalservices. D.Arisingneedfortraditionalwritingmaterials.10.WhydoesElenaWoosupportletter-writing?A.Itinspiresaslowlifestyle. B.Itencouragesanartisticinterest.C.Itcreatesbeautifulmemories. D.Itimprovesemotionalconnections.11.Whatdoestheauthorsuggestinthelastparagraph?A.Appreciatingthejoyofgift-giving. B.Advancingdigitalcommunicating.C.Treasuringhandwrittenmessages. D.Buildingmorepersonalmailboxes.【答案】8.A9.B10.D11.C【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了手寫書信減少及鼓勵手寫書信的意義。【8題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“DebraDolanhasmailedpostcardstoherselfforover40years,viewingthemassnapshotsnotonlyofthetimeandplacebutalsoofwhoshewasatthatmoment.(DebraDolan已經(jīng)給自己寄了40多年的明信片，她把這些明信片看作是不僅記錄了時間和地點，還記錄了她當時是誰的快照)”可知，DebraDolan主要把她的明信片看作是她個人生活的回憶。故選A。【9題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中“WhilesomepeoplelikeDolanstillenjoywritingonpostcards,letter-writingseemstobebecomingalostart.Lettermailperaddress(letters,postcards,cards,etc.),hasfallenfromanaverageof246piecesoflettermailperCanadianhouseholdin2014to124piecesoflettermailperhouseholdin2023.(雖然像Dolan這樣的人仍然喜歡在明信片上寫字，但寫信似乎正在成為一門失傳的藝術。每個地址的信件（信件、明信片、卡片等）從2014年加拿大每戶平均246件下降到2023年的124件)”可推知，加拿大社會正在發(fā)生的變化是手寫交流急劇減少。故選B。【10題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中“Sheisdeterminedtopromoteletter-writingbesidesdigitalcommunication.“Lettersofferachoicebeyondscreens,”sheargues,stressingthatcomparedtoquickmessages,handwrittenwordsholdmoreemotionalweightandbringpeoplecloser.(她決心在數(shù)字通信之外推廣寫信。“信件提供了屏幕之外的一種選擇，”她爭辯道，強調與快速信息相比，手寫的文字承載著更多的情感分量，并使人們更親近)”可推知，ElenaWoo支持寫信是因為它能改善情感聯(lián)系。故選D。【11題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Astechnologyadvances,writingbyhandholdsspecialvalue—abridgebetweenpastandpresent,andaneffectivebalancetodigitalexchanges.Whetherthroughpostcardsorholidaynotes,theseitemscarrymorepersonalmeaningnodigitaltechnologycanmatch.There’snothingbetterthanopeningamailboxtofindaletterwaiting.(隨著科技的進步，手寫具有特殊的價值——它是過去和現(xiàn)在的橋梁，也是數(shù)字交流的有效平衡。無論是通過明信片還是節(jié)日賀卡，這些物品都承載著數(shù)字技術無法比擬的個人意義。沒有什么比打開郵箱發(fā)現(xiàn)有一封信在等著更好的了)”可知，作者認為手寫書信意義重大，由此推斷作者在最后一段建議珍惜手寫的信息。故選C。DNewpopulationofpolarbearsfoundResearchershaveidentifiedapreviouslyunknownpopulationofpolarbearsinsoutheastGreenland.Theareaisseeminglynotsuitableforpolarbearsbecauseitlacksseaice,whichtheanimalstypicallydependontohunt.Scientistssaythediscoveryofthispopulationoffersadeepunderstandingofhowpolarbearsmightbeabletoadaptastheplanetgetswarmandicemelts(融化).Mostpolarbearshuntbywalkingonfloating(漂浮)platformsofseaice,whichismadeupoffrozenseawater.However,becausetheEarth’satmosphereisheatingup,seaiceintheArcticismelting.AboutonethirdoftheArctic’swinterseaicehasdisappearedinthepast20years.Polarbearsarecurrentlyconsideredatriskofextinction,andpreviousstudieshavewarnedtheycoulddisappeariftheicecontinuestomelt.Thisnewlyfoundpopulation(totalingabout300polarbears)wasthoughttobepartofalargegroupthatlivedonGreenland’seastcoast.However,researcherslookedatdatatrackingthebears’movementsover36yearsandfoundthatpopulationsinthenortheastandsoutheastremainedphysicallyseparate.Theyalsotestedthebears’genes(基因)andconfirmedthatthetwopopulationsweredifferent.ThepolarbearsinsoutheastGreenlandlivenearglaciers(冰川),whicharemadeupoffreshwater.Formostoftheyear,seaiceisnotpresentwherethesebearslive.Instead,scientistsbelievethispopulationofpolarbearshuntsonchunksofglacialicethatbreakoffandfloatintothesea.Researcherssaythissuggeststhatasseaicedisappears,otherpolarbearscouldlearntohuntusingglacialice.Researcherswarned,however,thatmostpolarbearsdon’tliveinareaswhereglacialicecanbefound.Moreover,glaciers,includingtheonesinGreenland,aremeltingaswell.Still,oneresearchsaidthestudygiveshopethat“polarbearsmightbeabletohangoninanice-freeArctic”.12.Whatisthetypicalconditionforpolarbears’survival?A.Coldweather. B.Seawater. C.Freshwater. D.Seaice.13.Whathavethepreviousstudiesstressed?A.TheseaiceintheArcticcontinuestomelt.B.Polarbearsmightgetclosetoextinction.C.Manyspeciesofpolarbearshavediedout.D.Globalwarmingisbecomingmoreserious.14.Whatdoweknowaboutnewly-foundpolarbearsinsoutheastGreenland?A.Theyoftenhuntwiththoseinthenortheast.B.Theyhavethesamegeneasnortheastspecies.C.Theycanuseglacialiceashuntingplatforms.D.Theyhaveadaptedtolivinginthefreshwater.15.Whatdoestheauthorintendtodointhelastparagraph?A.Makeprotests. B.Offersuggestions.C.Showconcern. D.Expresshopefulness.【答案】12.D13.B14.C15.D【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了在格陵蘭島東南部發(fā)現(xiàn)新北極熊種群及其生存情況。【12題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Theareaisseeminglynotsuitableforpolarbearsbecauseitlacksseaice,whichtheanimalstypicallydependontohunt.(這個地區(qū)似乎不適合北極熊生存，因為它缺乏海冰，而北極熊通常依賴海冰來捕獵)”可知，北極熊生存的典型條件是海冰。故選D。【13題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Polarbearsarecurrentlyconsideredatriskofextinction,andpreviousstudieshavewarnedtheycoulddisappeariftheicecontinuestomelt.(北極熊目前被認為有滅絕的危險，以前的研究也警告說，如果冰繼續(xù)融化，它們可能會消失)”可知，以前的研究強調了北極熊可能接近滅絕。故選B。【14題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中“Instead,scientistsbelievethispopulationofpolarbearshuntsonchunksofglacialicethatbreakoffandfloatintothesea.(相反，科學家們認為，這一種群的北極熊在斷裂并漂浮到海里的大塊冰川冰上捕獵)”可知，在格陵蘭島東南部新發(fā)現(xiàn)的北極熊可以利用冰川冰作為捕獵平臺。故選C。【15題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Still,oneresearchsaidthestudygiveshopethat“polarbearsmightbeabletohangoninanice-freeArctic”.(盡管如此，一項研究表示，這項研究帶來了希望，即“北極熊可能能夠在無冰的北極生存下來”)”可推知，作者在最后一段想要表達希望。故選D。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）根據(jù)短文內容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題紙上將該項涂黑。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Low-carbonlivingisaboutfightingclimatechangebysavingresourcesandreducingemissions(排放)ofgreenhousegases.Afterall,ahealthierplanetisalsohealthierforus!___16___Besidesturningofflights,recyclingpaperandplastics,there’sstillalotmorewecando.Checkbeforeyoubuy.Notallelectricaldevices(設備)aredesignedforidealenergyefficiency.Eveniftworicecookerssharethesamefeatures,theamountofenergytheyrequiretorunonmaybedifferent.___17___Checkforenergylabels(商標)whenwe’rebuyingenergy-efficientproducts!Shutelectricalequipmentoff.___18___Turningoffyourcomputerbeyondworkinghoursforamonthisequaltochargingyourphone1,000times.Reducingyourmonitorbrightnessby20%foradayalsomattersmuch.TheamountofenergysavedbyshuttingoffunusedlightsandTVduringnon-workinghoursforayearcansavealotofenergy.___19___Transportationisthesecondlargestsourceofgreenhousegases,andweallknowtheenvironmentalbenefitsofusingmasspublictransport.Butifyouneedaprivatevehicle,therearealsolow-carbonoptions.Forexample,electricvehicles(EVs)producezeroemissions.Treate-wasteproperly.Responsiblewastemanagementiskeytoagreenlifestyle,andonetypeofwasteisoftenignored:e-waste.Discarded(丟棄的)devicescancausedisasterstotheenvironmentandourhealth,astheycontainpoisonouschemicals.___20___A.Saynotoprivatevehicles.B.Travelinawiserandsmarterway.C.Doyouoftenleaveyourcomputeronafterwork?D.Byreducingourcarbonfootprint,we’llhaveacleanerworld.E.Whynotgivethemasecondlifebygiftingthemtothoseinneed?F.Thatmeansyou’repayingextraforthesamefunctionsperformed.G.Insteadofthrowingthemaround,bringthemtospecialrecyclingpoints.【答案】16.D17.F18.C19.B20.G【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了低碳生活的重要性以及一些具體的低碳生活方式，包括購買前檢查電器能源效率、關閉電器設備、選擇更環(huán)保的出行方式和正確處理電子垃圾等。【16題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Low-carbonlivingisaboutfightingclimatechangebysavingresourcesandreducingemissions(排放)ofgreenhousegases.Afterall,ahealthierplanetisalsohealthierforus!(低碳生活是通過節(jié)約資源和減少溫室氣體排放來應對氣候變化。畢竟，一個更健康的地球對我們來說也更健康)”可知，這里闡述了低碳生活的意義。D選項“Byreducingourcarbonfootprint,we’llhaveacleanerworld.(通過減少我們的碳足跡，我們將擁有一個更清潔的世界)”進一步說明了低碳生活能帶來的好處，與前文邏輯連貫，起到承接上文的作用，故填D。【17題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Notallelectricaldevices(設備)aredesignedforidealenergyefficiency.Eveniftworicecookerssharethesamefeatures,theamountofenergytheyrequiretorunonmaybedifferent.(并非所有的電器設備都設計為具有理想的能源效率。即使兩個電飯煲具有相同的功能，它們運行所需的能量也可能不同)”可知，能源效率低的設備會消耗更多能源。F選項“Thatmeansyou’repayingextraforthesamefunctionsperformed.(這意味著你為相同的功能支付了額外的費用)”是對前文的合理推斷，解釋了能源效率不同所帶來的經(jīng)濟影響，與前文內容緊密相關，故填F。【18題詳析】根據(jù)下文“Turningoffyourcomputerbeyondworkinghoursforamonthisequaltochargingyourphone1,000times.(下班后關閉電腦一個月，相當于給手機充電1000次)”可知，這里以電腦為例說明關閉電器設備能節(jié)省能源。C選項“Doyouoftenleaveyourcomputeronafterwork?(你下班后經(jīng)常讓電腦開著嗎？)”引出了關于電腦使用習慣的話題，與后文關于電腦節(jié)能的內容相呼應，故填C。【19題詳析】根據(jù)下文“Transportationisthesecondlargestsourceofgreenhousegases,andweallknowtheenvironmentalbenefitsofusingmasspublictransport.Butifyouneedaprivatevehicle,therearealsolow-carbonoptions.Forexample,electricvehicles(EVs)producezeroemissions.(交通是溫室氣體的第二大來源，我們都知道使用大眾公共交通對環(huán)境的好處。但如果你需要一輛私人汽車，也有低碳的選擇。例如，電動汽車產(chǎn)生零排放)”可知，這一段主要討論的是出行方式以及如何更環(huán)保地出行。B選項“Travelinawiserandsmarterway.(以更明智、更聰明的方式出行)”作為段落小標題，能夠很好地概括這一段的主旨，故填B。【20題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Responsiblewastemanagementiskeytoagreenlifestyle,andonetypeofwasteisoftenignored:e-waste.Discarded(丟棄的)devicescancausedisasterstotheenvironmentandourhealth,astheycontainpoisonouschemicals.(負責任的廢物管理是綠色生活方式的關鍵，而有一種廢物常常被忽視：電子垃圾。丟棄的設備會對環(huán)境和我們的健康造成災難，因為它們含有有毒化學物質)”可知，電子垃圾會對環(huán)境和我們的健康造成災難，因為它們含有有毒化學物質，可推理出此處強調了正確處理電子垃圾的重要性。G選項“Insteadofthrowingthemaround,bringthemtospecialrecyclingpoints.(不要亂扔它們，把它們送到專門的回收點)”給出了正確處理電子垃圾的具體做法，符合語境，與前文內容連貫，故填G。第三部分語言運用（共四節(jié)，滿分55分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題紙上將該項涂黑。“Iwantedtodosomethingthat’sgoingtostretchmyfaith,”saidWilliams.ItwasJenniferWilliams’smotherwhogother___21___tobooks.Asalibrarian,shereadtoherthreechildreneveryday.WhenWilliamsbecameanelementaryschoolteacher,shewantedherstudentstofallinlovewith___22___justasshehad.Butearlyon,sherealizedthatsomekidshadlittleaccessto___23___.“It’svery___24___toteachersofyoungchildrenwhichkidsarenotreadto,”shesaid.ToWilliams,the___25___wassimple:Givekidsbooks.In2017,she___26___900usedchildren’sbooksoverthreedays.“Anybodycoulddothat,”shesaid.“Ijustwanttodosomethingthat’sgoingtostretchmyfaith.”Soshesetanew___27___forherself:giveawayonemillionbooks.Itsoundslikean___28___number,butasWilliams___29___onFacebook:“Don’tcomplaininthebleachers(露天看臺)ifyouaren’twillingtoworkhardoutonthefield.”Soshe____30____tofriendstogiveawaybooksormoneytobuybooks.Beforelong,asnewsofWilliams’sprojectspread,strangersstarted____31____packagesofbooksonherfrontporch(走廊).Inthefouryearsshe’sbeendoingallthis,theBookLady,asWilliamshascometobe____32____,hascontributedmorethan78,000books!Andshe’snot____33____.It’stooimportantforkidswithfew____34____.“Readingcantakeyouanywhere,”shetoldCNN.“Youcan____35____intimeandspace.Ifyoucanread,youcanlearnalmostanything.”21.A.attached B.devoted C.reduced D.adapted22.A.teaching B.reading C.writing D.painting23.A.charity B.toys C.education D.books24.A.precious B.clear C.ordinary D.sharp25.A.event B.stuff C.solution D.context26.A.launched B.tracked C.revised D.donated27.A.goal B.angle C.title D.range28.A.unaffordable B.unavoidable C.unreachable D.unbearable29.A.settled B.hunted C.signaled D.posted30.A.appealed B.promised C.announced D.waved31.A.recycling B.transporting C.leaving D.promoting32.A.well-known B.well-intended C.well-informed D.well-rounded33.A.settingoff B.breakingdown C.runningout D.slowingdown34.A.duties B.selections C.policies D.patterns35.A.perform B.travel C.survive D.retire【答案】21.A22.B23.D24.B25.C26.D27.A28.C29.D30.A31.C32.A33.D34.B35.B【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文，主要講述了小學老師JenniferWilliams為了讓缺書的孩子們有機會讀書，發(fā)起了捐贈圖書計劃。【21題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：是JenniferWilliams的母親讓她愛上了書籍。A.attached固定，附上；B.devoted致力，傾注；C.reduced減少；D.adapted使適應。attachto使喜愛，使依戀。根據(jù)下文中的“Asalibrarian,shereadtoherthreechildreneveryday.(作為一名圖書管理員，她每天給三個孩子讀書。)”可知，JenniferWilliams的母親每天給孩子們讀書，讓孩子們愛上了書籍。故選A。【22題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當Williams成為一名小學教師時，她希望她的學生能像她一樣愛上閱讀。A.teaching教學；B.reading閱讀；C.writing寫作；D.painting繪畫。根據(jù)上文中的“ItwasJenniferWilliams’smotherwhogother______tobooks.”以及上下文中的“books”“read”等可知，JenniferWilliams熱愛閱讀，她像讓學生們和她一樣熱愛閱讀。故選B。【23題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：但很早之前，她就意識到有些孩子很少能接觸到書籍。A.charity慈善；B.toys玩具；C.education教育；D.books書。根據(jù)下文中的“Givekidsbooks”可知，孩子們缺少書籍。故選D。【24題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：幼兒教師很清楚哪些孩子沒有被讀過書。A.precious珍貴的；B.clear清晰易懂的，明白清楚的；C.ordinary普通的；D.sharp鋒利的。根據(jù)“whichkidsarenotreadto”并結合常識可知，幼兒教師能夠清楚地看出哪些孩子沒有讀過書。故選B。【25題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：對Williams來說，解決方案很簡單：給孩子們書。A.event體育項目，事件；B.stuff東西；C.solution解決辦法；D.context背景。根據(jù)冒號后的“Givekidsbooks”可知，對于孩子們缺書的問題，她想出的解決辦法就是給孩子們提供書。故選C。【26題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：2017年，她在三天內捐贈了900本二手兒童書籍。A.launched發(fā)起；B.tracked跟蹤；C.revised修改；D.donated捐贈。根據(jù)上文中的“Givekidsbooks”和下文中的“giveawayonemillionbooks”可知，她捐贈書籍。故選D。【27題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：所以她為自己設定了一個新的目標：捐出一百萬本書。A.goal目標；B.angle角度；C.title標題；D.range范圍。根據(jù)冒號后的“giveawayonemillionbooks”可知，捐贈一百萬本書是她的目標。故選A。【28題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：這聽起來像是一個遙不可及的數(shù)字，但正如Williams在臉書上發(fā)布的那樣：“如果你不愿意在球場上努力訓練，就不要在露天看臺上抱怨。”A.unaffordable買不起的；B.unavoidable無法避免的；C.unreachable不可及的；D.unbearable難以忍受的。根據(jù)上文中的“onemillionbooks”可知，一百萬本書看著像是一個遙不可及的數(shù)字。故選C。【29題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意參考上題。A.settled解決；B.hunted捕獵；C.signaled發(fā)信號；D.posted公布，發(fā)布。根據(jù)空后的“onFacebook”可知，她在臉書上發(fā)布帖子。故選D。【30題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：所以她呼吁朋友們捐書或捐錢買書。A.appealed呼吁；B.promised承諾；C.announced宣布；D.waved揮手。根據(jù)空后的“tofriendstogiveawaybooksormoneytobuybooks”可知，她呼吁朋友們捐書或捐錢買書。appealtosb.todosth.意為“呼吁某人做某事”。故選A。【31題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：不久，隨著Williams項目的消息傳開，陌生人開始在她的走廊上留下一包包書。A.recycling回收；B.transporting運輸；C.leaving丟下，留下；D.promoting提升。根據(jù)空后的“packagesofbooksonherfrontporch(走廊)”可知，陌生人為了支持她的項目，把書留在她的走廊上。故選C。【32題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：在她從事這一切的四年里，Williams已經(jīng)出名了，這位書夫人已經(jīng)捐贈了78000多本書！A.well-known眾所周知的，著名的；B.well-intended用意良好的；C.well-informed知識淵博的；D.well-rounded全面的。根據(jù)上文中的“newsofWilliams’sprojectspread”可知，她的捐書項目廣為人知，她也變得有名。故選A。【33題詳析】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：她沒有放慢腳步。A.settingoff出發(fā)；B.breakingdown出故障；C.runningout用完；D.slowingdown慢下來。根據(jù)上文中的“hascontributedmorethan78,000books”和“giveawayonemillionbooks”可知，她的目標是一百萬本書，現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)捐了78000多本書，所以她不準備放慢腳步，她還要繼續(xù)自己的目標。故選D。【34題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：對于選擇不多的孩子來說，這太重要了。A.duties責任；B.selections選擇，供選擇的同類事物；C.policies政策；D.patterns模式。根據(jù)上文中的“somekidshadlittleaccessto______”可知，一些孩子們沒有接觸書籍的機會，孩子們的圖書選擇不多。故選B。【35題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：你可以在時間和空間中旅行。A.perform表演；B.travel旅行；C.survive幸存；D.retire退休。根據(jù)空后的“intimeandspace”和上文中的“Readingcantakeyouanywhere”可知，讀書可以帶人去任何地方，使人們了解古往今來的大地上發(fā)生的事情，讓人們在時空中旅行。故選B。第二節(jié)短文語法填空（共10小題；每小題1分，滿分10分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內單詞的正確形式。AIchatbotslike“CommentRobert(評論羅伯特)”onSinaWeiboareactivelytakingpartinpublicdiscussions.Doyoucareiftheoneyouaretalkingtoisahuman___36___arobot?Idon’tmindiftheonetalkingtomeisarobot.AIisanunstoppabletrend(趨勢)that___37___(lead)usintoanewera.Weallneedtoknowthatworking___38___,talkingtoandeven“befriending”AIwillbecomeadailyactivity.TalkingwithAIcansometimesbringauniquesenseofdelightand___39___(satisfy).When___40___(talk)withsomeoneonline,Idocareabout___41___theyare.Ifit’saperson,Ifeelmore___42___(relax)becauseweprobablysharesimilarsocialexperiences.That’ssomethingchatbotscan’tdo.Chatbotsexistinaworldfullofwronginformation,___43___meanstheycansometimesmakemisleadingcommentsorcreate___44___(confuse)forushumans.Nottomention,wearenotyetfullyskilledinusingAItechnology.It’sespeciallyhardforteenagers___45___(tell)betweenpeopleandAI.【答案】36.or37.willlead38.with39.satisfaction40.talking41.who42.relaxed43.which44.confusion45.totell【語篇解讀】本文是一篇議論文。文章主要討論了人們對于與AI交流及AI參與公共討論的看法。【36題詳析】考查連詞。句意：你介意和你交談的是一個人還是一個機器人嗎？空前ahuman和空后arobot為選擇關系，應用并列連詞or連接。故填or。【37題詳析】考查時態(tài)和主謂一致。句意：人工智能是一股不可阻擋的趨勢，將我們帶入一個新時代。空前that引導定語從句，指代先行詞trend，在從句中作主語，空處作從句中的謂語，此處表示將要發(fā)生的動作，應用一般將來時。故填willlead。【38題詳析】考查介詞。句意：我們都需要知道，與人工智能一起工作、交談甚至“交朋友”將成為一項日常活動。workwith“和……一起工作”為固定搭配。故填with。【39題詳析】考查名詞。句意：與人工智能交談有時會帶來一種獨特的愉悅感和滿足感。空處和delight并列，作bring的賓語，應用名詞satisfaction“滿足”，為不可數(shù)名詞。故填satisfaction。【40題詳析】考查狀語從句的省略。句意：當我在網(wǎng)上和某人聊天時，我確實在乎他們是誰。此處為狀語從句的省略，當狀語從句的主語和主句的主語一致時，若從句的謂語動詞是系動詞be或包含be的某種形式，此時從句的主語和be動詞通常可以一同省略。完整句子為WhenIamtalkingwithsomeoneonline，省略了Iam，保留現(xiàn)在分詞talking。故填talking。【41題詳析】考查賓語從句。句意：當我在網(wǎng)上和某人聊天時，我確實在乎他們是誰。空處引導賓語從句，從句中缺少表語，表示人，應用who引導。故填who。【42題詳析】考查形容詞。句意：如果是一個人，我會感到更放松，因為我們可能有相似的社會經(jīng)歷。空處作feel的表語，應用形容詞形式，主語為I，修飾人，應用-ed結尾的形容詞relaxed，表示“感到放松的”。故填relaxed。【43題詳析】考查定語從句。句意：聊天機器人存在于一個充滿錯誤信