漢中市2024屆高三年級教學質量第一次檢測考試英語注意事項：1.答卷前，考生務必將自己的姓名、準考證號填寫在答題卡上。2.回答選擇題時，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對應題目的答案標號涂黑。如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標號。回答非選擇題時，將答案寫在答題卡上，寫在本試卷上無效。本試卷分第Ⅰ卷(選擇題)和第Ⅱ卷(非選擇題)兩部分第Ⅰ卷(選擇題共100分)第一部分聽力(共兩節，滿分30分)做題時，先將答案標在試卷上。錄音內容結束后，你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉涂到答題卡上。第一節(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標在試卷的相應位置。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.【此處可播放相關音頻，請去附件查看】Whatisthewomangoingtodonext?A.Cooksnowpeas. B.Plantsomeonions. C.Watertheflowerbed.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:Howisyourgardendoing,Mary?W:Oh,fine.Ijustwateredthewholeflowerbed,andnowI’vegottogetsomepotatoesandonionstoplant.Iwillalsobeeatingalotoffreshtomatoesandsnowpeasbythefall.2.【此處可播放相關音頻，請去附件查看】Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Somebeautifulplaces. B.Differentlanguages. C.Acharminggirl.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:Mom,I’venevermetagirllikeJuliettebefore.W:Mike,yousaythateverytime.M:No,it’sdifferentthistime.ImeanJulietteisreallyclassy.ShewasborninParis.ShewasraisedinLondonandNewYork.Shewritespoetry.Sheevenspeaksfourdifferentlanguages.3.【此處可播放相關音頻，請去附件查看】Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inastore. B.Inafactory. C.Athome.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M:CanIhelpyou?W:Yes.IboughtacolorTVsethereyesterday,butwhenIturneditonathome,therewasnosound.M:Well,ifthere’ssomethingwrongwithelectricequipmentwithinthreemonths,it’stheresponsibilityofafactory.4.【此處可播放相關音頻，請去附件查看】Whatistoblameaccordingtotheman?A.Unfortableseats. B.Thetrafficnoise. C.MissLee’sweakvoice.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:MissLee’svoiceissosoftthatIcanhardlyhearclearlywhatsheissaying.M:Don’tblameher.It’sthetrafficoutside.Nexttimeit’sbettertositatthefront.5.【此處可播放相關音頻，請去附件查看】Whatdoesthemanmean?A.He’llcleanthecartoday.B.Thecardoesn’tneedcleaning.C.Markshouldcleanthecarthistime.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:Thecarhasn’tbeencleanedforafewdays.M:No,ithasn’t.W:It’sverydirty.Someoneoughttocleanittoday.M:It’sMark’sturn.第二節(共15小題;每小題1.5分,滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標在試卷的相應位置。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關音頻，請去附件查看】6.Whatwillthemandonext?A.Callataxi. B.Gototheairport. C.Havehiscarrepaired.7.Whatisthewomanprobablyrelatedtotheman?A.Hiswife. B.Hiscolleague. C.Hisneighbor.【答案】6.B7.C【解析】【原文】W:Hey,David.Itlookslikeyou’vegotaproblem.M:I’mafraidso,Mrs.Streep.I’minabighurrytohaveameeting,butIcan’tstartmycar.Mycolleaguesarewaitingformeattheairport.W:IsthereanythingIcandotohelp?Callataxiforyou?M:No,thanks.Butcouldyoucontactagaragenearourneighborhoodandhelpmegetthecarrepaired?W:Noproblem.I’dbegladtohelp.M:Thanksalot.Iwillebackintwodays.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關音頻，請去附件查看】8.Whydoesthewomantalktotheman?A.Toinvitehimtogojogging.B.ToremendFootLockertohim.C.Toaskhimforsomeadvice.9.HowmucharetherunningshoesinFootLocker?A.$50. B.$75. C.$100.【答案】8.C9.A【解析】【原文】W:Kyle,Iamhavingalotoftroublefindingagoodpresentformyfather.Couldyouhelpgivemesomeideas?M:IwillhelpasmuchasIcan,Samantha.Whatwereyouthinkingofgettinghim?W:Helikestogojogging.Iwasthinkingthatanewpairofrunningshoeswouldbeagoodgift.M:Thatsoundslikeagoodidea.Howmuchmoneydoyouwanttospend?W:Icanspenduptoonehundreddollars,butI’dprefertospendnomorethanseventyfive.M:YoucangotoFootLocker.Therunningshoesthereareonsaleforfiftydollars.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關音頻，請去附件查看】10.Wheredidthemangolastnight?A.Acinema. B.Arestaurant. C.Athemepark.11.Whatkindofclothingisforbidden?A.Jeans. B.Tshirts. C.Shortskirts.12.Whatdiscountdidthemangetlasttime?A.20%. B.50%. C.70%.【答案】10.B11.C12.B【解析】【原文】M:DoyouknowthatnewItalianrestaurant?Iwenttherejustlastnight.W:Ohyes!Isthattheoneneartheuniversity?M:No,it’sonParkStreet,nexttothecinema.W:Oh,Iknowthatone.Wasthefoodgood?M:Well,somewasn’tgoodenoughforme,butthepizzawasexcellent.W:Arethereanyrulesaboutdressing?M:There’sanoticesaying“NoShortSkirts”,butjeansandTshirtsarefine.W:Howabouttheprice?M:Ratherexpensive,Ithink.ButIpaidhalfthepricebecauseitgivesnewcustomersadiscount.W:Icangeta20%discountifItakeafriendnexttime.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關音頻，請去附件查看】13.Whatisthewomancookingnow?A.Spaghetti. B.Pizza. C.Friedchicken.14.Howdoesthemanfeelaboutthefood?A.Indifferent. B.Interested. C.Worried.15.Fromwhomdidthewomangettherecipe?A.Arelative. B.Afriend. C.Arestaurantowner.16.Whatdidthewomanplantodotonight?A.Goshoppingforfood. B.Teachthemantocook. C.Entertainfriendsathome.【答案】13.A14.B15.A16.C【解析】【原文】M:Hello,Heidi.Somethingsmellsgood!Whatareyoumakingfordinnertonight?W:Oh,hey,Vince.Iamtryingoutanewrecipespaghetti(意大利面)withhomemadetomatosauce.M:Wow,thatsoundsdelicious.Howdoyoumakeit?W:Igotabunchoftomatoes,oliveoil,garlic,andsalt.Icookedeverythingquicklyinalittlebitofwater.Then,Iletitcookslowlyforovertwohours.M:Wheredidyoufindtherecipe?Iamalwaysinterestedinideasfornewmeals.Thisonesoundsamazing!W:Mycousinsentmetherecipe.Heisachefatanicerestaurant.Iamsureitwillbegreat.M:CanItrysomeofitwhenyou’refinishedcooking?Spaghettiisoneofmyfavoritefoods.W:Certainly.Iwasabouttoinvitesomeofmyotherfriendstoeoverfordinner,too.Thereshouldbeplentyoffoodpizzas,salads,friedchicken...Everythingshouldbereadybysixo’clock.聽下面一段獨白，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關音頻，請去附件查看】17.Whereshouldtherockclimbersmeetatmidday?A.Inthelibrary. B.Inthecarpark. C.Atthemaingate.18.Whenwillafternoonclassesstart?A.At12:30. B.At1:30. C.At2:30.19.WhatareNOTallowedduringhorseriding?A.Sportsshoes. B.Strongshoes. C.Ridingboots.20.Whatactivitywillbearrangedintheevening?A.Abarbecue. B.Adanceparty. C.Acookingpetition.【答案】17.A18.B19.A20.A【解析】【原文】W:Pleasecanwehavesomequiet?Nowthisisthefirstdayofthecourse.Pleaselistencarefullyandthenyou’l1knowwhattodo.Thoseofyoudoingrockclimbingputyourhandsup.Okay.You’dbettergonowbecauseSamiswaitingforyou.Offyougotothegym.That'spasttheswimmingpoolandthecarpark.Oh,justaminute.Atmidday,makesureyouebackhere,Imean,tothelibrary.Andyourgroupleaderwilltakeyouofftolunchwhichisservedat12:30.Don’tbelatebecausetheafternoonlessonsstartat1:30pm.Nowthegroupdoinghorseriding.Youhavetowaitatthemaingateforlunch.Makesureyou’rewearingeitherridingbootsorstrongshoes—notsportsshoes.Thebuswillbringyoubackforlunch.Andfinally,thoseofyoudoingdiscodancing.Yourclasswillmeetinthedancingclub.That’sthebuildingyoucanseethroughthetreesonyourright.Gostraightin,throughthemusicstudio,pastthepracticeroomsandupthestairs.Oh,yes,oneveryimportantthing,food.Ifit’sfine,weshalleatoutsideandthatmeansyouhavetocollectyourownpicniclunchfromthediningroom.Thenintheeveningwewillhaveabarbecueandeachgrouptakesitinturntocookforthewholecamp.第二部分閱讀理解(共20小題，每小題2分，滿分40分)第一節(共15小題;每小題2分，滿分30分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。ALibrariesareplacestopreserveculturalheritage,developinformationresourcesandcarryoutsocialeducation.Let’slookatsomeofthemostbeautifullibrariesintheworld.VenneslaLibraryandCultureHouse,NorwayThelibraryisoneofthemostbeautifullibrariesintheworld.Openedin2011,thislibraryisanimportantsiteforconcerts,theatricalperformancesandfilmscreenings.Thedesignofthelibraryisunique.Thebuildingissupportedby27laminated(層壓的)woodarchesthatholdtheroofup.BibliotecaNazionaleMarciana,ItalyThelibraryisoneofthelargestandmostimportantlibrariesinItaly.ItpreservesoneofthemostimportantcollectionsofGreek,LatinandAsianmanuscripts(手稿)intheentireworld.Someofthemarethemostpreciouspieces.ThelibraryspecializesinVenetianhistoryandclassicphilology.Itscollectionofantiquemapsisalsoverysignificant.StacjaKulturaPolandThankstoarecentrestoration,astationthatwasonceinruinsunderwentanarchitecturalchange.Thelibrarymightseemunremarkablefromtheoutside,buttheinnovativeprojectanditsdivisionintoatrainstation,publiclibraryandculturalcenterhavecertainlymadethisbuildingworthavisit.BeineckeRareBookandManuscriptLibrary,UnitedStatesThelibraryisthemainsourceofliteraryarchives(檔案),ancientmanuscriptsandrarebooksatYaleUniversity,andit’svisitedbystudentsandresearchersfromaroundtheworld.pletedin1963,thelibraryishometotheBollingenPrizeforPoetrywhichisawardedbiennially,andtheWindhamCampbellPrizeswhichareawardedannuallyforfiction,literaryessays,poetry,andtheater.21.Whichlibrarywillattractpeopleinterestedinthestage?A.VenneslaLibraryandCultureHouse. B.BibliotecaNazionaleMarciana.C.StacjaKultura. D.BeineckeRareBookandManuscriptLibrary.22.WhichaspectmakesStacjaKulturadifferentfromtheotherthreelibraries?A.Itsarchitecture. B.Itscollection. C.Itslocation. D.Itsoriginalowner.23.Whatdothesecondlibraryandthefourthlibraryhaveinmon?A.Theyhavealonghistory. B.Theyarefavoredbymovielovers.C.Theyholdsomeprecioustreasures. D.Theyarethemostimportantlibraries.【答案】21.A22.C23.C【解析】【導語】本文是應用文。文章介紹了四座圖書館。【21題詳解】細節理解題。根據第二段第二句“Openedin2011,thislibraryisanimportantsiteforconcerts,theatricalperformancesandfilmscreenings.(該圖書館于2011年開放，是舉辦音樂會、戲劇表演和電影放映的重要場所)”可知，VenneslaLibraryandCultureHouse是舉辦音樂會、戲劇表演和電影放映的重要場所，所以會吸引舞臺愛好者。故選A。【22題詳解】細節理解題。根據第四段“Thelibrarymightseemunremarkablefromtheoutside,buttheinnovativeprojectanditsdivisionintoatrainstation,publiclibraryandculturalcenterhavecertainlymadethisbuildingworthavisit.(從外面看，這座圖書館可能并不起眼，但這個創新項目及其作為火車站、公共圖書館和文化中心的劃分無疑使這座建筑值得一游)”可知，StacjaKultura位于至今仍在運營的火車站內，位置比較獨特。故選C。【23題詳解】細節理解題。根據第三段第二句“ItpreservesoneofthemostimportantcollectionsofGreek,LatinandAsianmanuscripts(手稿)intheentireworld.(它保存了全世界最重要的希臘、拉丁和亞洲手稿收藏之一)”和第五段第一句“Thelibraryisthemainsourceofliteraryarchives(檔案),ancientmanuscriptsandrarebooksatYaleUniversity,andit’svisitedbystudentsandresearchersfromaroundtheworld.(該圖書館是耶魯大學文學檔案、古代手稿和珍本書籍的主要來源，世界各地的學生和研究人員都來這里參觀)”可知，第二個圖書館和第四個圖書館的共同點是這兩個圖書館擁有一些有價值的藏品——手稿。故選C。BWhenhurricanesleftapathofdestructioninPuertoRico,PennsylvaniaCollegeofTechnologystudentNataschaG.Santaellafeltavarietyofpainfulemotions.“IspentaroundsixdaysstressingandhavingaveryhardtimewithmehavingalltheluxuriesIcurrentlydoandmyfamilynothavingany,”theGuaynabo,PuertoRico,residentsaid.Santaellasaidthatherhometowniswithoutpowerandwater,andpeopletherearescaredofwhatistoe.Toreduceherstress,Santaella,whoisstudyingforanassociatedegreeinbakingandpastryarts,immersed(沉浸)herselfinwhatsheknowsbest:baking.“Itstartedoutasjustbakingbreadandshippingittotheislandtothenbedispersedtothepeople,butIfoundthatwasveryexpensiveformetodoalone,soIspokewithChefCharlesNiedermyer,ourinstructorofbakingandpastryartsaboutasaleofbakedgoodsinthecollege’sBushCampusCenter.”“Nataschaisabright,energeticyoungladywithabigheart,”Niedermyersaid.“Iwasnotsurprisedtofindherinmyoffice,lookingforwaystohelpthepeopleofPuertoRico.”Toprepare,SantaellahadmultiplemeetingswithNiedermyer,spenthoursfinalizingrecipes,designedsignage(標志)anddecorations,andgotfriendstostaffthesaletablewithher.Andthentherewasthebaking:Santaellaandtwofriendsinthebakingandpastryartsmajorspentsixhoursbaking90loavesofbread,24dozendinnerrollsand30cheesecakesinavarietyofflavors.Duringthesixhoursale,Santaellaandherfriendsraisedmorethan$1,000forUnitedforPuertoRico,aninitiativedesignedtoprovideaidandsupporttothoseaffectedinPuertoRicobythepassageofHurricaneIrmaandHurricaneMaria.“Ihopetomainlyincreaseawarenessofwhathashappened,andtoshowpeoplethattherearePuertoRicanstudentsatthisschool,”Santaellasaid.“IhopethatothershadthegreatexperienceIhadwithallmyteachersandhowunderstandingtheywerewithme.”24.WhydidSantaellafeelverystressed?A.Becauseabighurricanewasapproaching.B.Becauseshewasleftwithoutpowerandwater.C.Becauseherfolksweresufferingduetohurricanes.D.Becauseshelostallherbelongingsinthehurricane.25.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“dispersed”probablymeaninParagraph3?A.Exposed. B.Connected. C.Distributed. D.Contributed.26.Whatcanwelearnfromthetext?A.PuertoRicomightbestrickenbyhurricanesfrequently.B.NiedermyerrespondedtoSantaella’sideascoldly.C.Santaellaorganizedthesaleathercollegeallalone.D.PennsylvaniaCollegehasfewstudentsfromPuertoRico.27.Whichcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.HurricaneCausesHugeLossestoPuertoRicoB.StudentPutsSkillstoUsetoHelpHerHometownC.CollegeStudentShowsBakingSkillsThroughSalesD.TeacherandStudentsWorkTogetherinFundRaising【答案】24.C25.C26.A27.B【解析】【導語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了得知自己的家鄉遭受颶風襲擊，人們生活無著落時，正在大學校園里學習的Santaella決定利用自己學到的一技之長，來幫助家鄉。【24題詳解】推理判斷題。由第一段“WhenhurricanesleftapathofdestructioninPuertoRico,PennsylvaniaCollegeofTechnologystudentNataschaG.Santaellafeltavarietyofpainfulemotions.(當颶風在波多黎各造成破壞時，賓夕法尼亞理工學院的學生娜塔莎·G·桑塔拉感受到了各種痛苦的情緒)”和第二段中“Santaellasaidthatherhometowniswithoutpowerandwater,andpeopletherearescaredofwhatistoe.(Santatella說，她的家鄉沒有電和水，那里的人們害怕即將發生的事情)”可知，Santaella得知颶風襲擊自己的家鄉，家人們損失慘重，不能像自己一樣在大學里衣食無憂，因此她的內心非常著急。故選C項。【25題詳解】詞句猜測題。由第三段中“Itstartedoutasjustbakingbreadandshippingittotheislandtothenbedispersedtothepeople,butIfoundthatwasveryexpensiveformetodoalone(一開始只是烤面包，然后運到島上，然后dispersed給人們，但我發現這對我來說非常昂貴)”可知，Santaella最初認為，只要把面包烘焙好，運送到島嶼上，然后分發給災民就可以了，dispersed意為“分發（Distributed）”。故選C項。【26題詳解】推理判斷題。由倒數第二段“Duringthesixhoursale,Santaellaandherfriendsraisedmorethan$1,000forUnitedforPuertoRico,aninitiativedesignedtoprovideaidandsupporttothoseaffectedinPuertoRicobythepassageofHurricaneIrmaandHurricaneMaria.(在六個小時的銷售中，Santaella和她的朋友們為UnitedforPuertoRico籌集了1000多美元，這是一項旨在為波多黎各受颶風Irma和颶風Maria影響的人提供援助和支持的舉措)”可知，波多黎各人們已經受颶風Irma和颶風Maria的影響，可得出波多黎各可能經常遭受颶風襲擊。故選A項。【27題詳解】主旨大意題。文章主要講述了得知自己的家鄉遭受颶風襲擊，人們生活無著落時，正在大學校園里學習的Santaella決定利用自己學到的一技之長，來幫助被颶風襲擊的家鄉的故事，B項“學生運用技能幫助家鄉”符合此意。故選B項。CWhatmakesawordreal?Whohasthepowertomakethosekindsofofficialdecisionsaboutwords?Thosearethequestionsmanypeoplehaveinmind.Whenmostpeoplesayawordisn’treal,whattheymeanisthatitdoesn’tappearinadictionary.That,ofcourse,raisessomeotherquestions,including,whowritesdictionaries?Now,dictionariesaregoodresources,buttheyarechangeable.Ifyouaskdictionaryeditors,whatthey’lltellyouisthatthey’rejusttryingtokeepupwithpeopleaspeoplechangethelanguage.They’rewatchingwhatpeoplesayandwhatpeoplewriteandtryingtofigureoutwhat’sgoingtostickandwhat’snotgoingtostick.EveryJanuary,dictionaryeditorsgototheAmericanDialectSocietyMeetingeveryyear,whereamongotherthings,theydecideonthewordoftheyear.Thereareabout200or300peoplewhoe.SomeofthemarethebestknownlinguistsintheUnitedStates.Inthepast,someofthewinnershavebeen“staycation”todescribeavacationspentathomeand“tweet”todescribeapostmadeonthesocialnetworkingserviceTwitter.Sohowdoesawordgetintoadictionary?Itgetsinbecausepeopleuseitandpeoplekeepusingit,anddictionaryeditorsarepayingattentiontopeople.Ifamunityofspeakersisusingawordandknowswhatitmeans,it’sreal.Thatwordmightbeinformalandthatwordmightbeawordthatyouthinkisillogicalorunnecessary,butaslongaspeopleareusingtheword,itisreal.Ihopethatwhatyoucandoistofindlanguagechangenotannoyingbutfunandinteresting,justthewaydictionaryeditorsdo.Ihopeyoucanenjoybeingpartofthecreativitythatiscontinuallyremakingourlanguageandkeepingitalive.28.Whydodictionarieschangeovertime?A.Speakerskeepchanginglanguage. B.Linguistsoftenmakeupnewwords.C.Dictionaryeditorschangeeveryyear. D.Wordsinthedictionaryareoutofdate.29.Whohastherighttodecidethewordoftheyear?A.Newwordsinventors. B.AmericanOfficials.C.Dictionaryeditors. D.Famouslinguists.30.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardslanguagechanging?A.Worried. B.Positive. C.Uninterested. D.Confused31.Wheredoesthispassagemostprobablyefrom?A.Asciencefiction. B.Ahistorybook. C.Anewsreport. D.Apopularmagazine.【答案】28.A29.C30.B31.D【解析】【導語】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了語言會隨著人們的使用而變化，進而字典也會發生變化，并介紹了新詞是如何進入字典的。【28題詳解】細節理解題。根據第二段中“Now,dictionariesaregoodresources,buttheyarechangeable.Ifyouaskdictionaryeditors,whatthey’lltellyouisthatthey’rejusttryingtokeepupwithpeopleaspeoplechangethelanguage.

(現在，字典是很好的資源，但是它們是多變的。如果你問詞典編輯，他們會告訴你，他們只是想跟上人們改變語言的步伐。)”可知，人們語言一直在發生變化，字典的變化為了跟上人們改變語言的步伐。故選A。【29題詳解】細節理解題。根據第三段中“EveryJanuary,dictionaryeditorsgototheAmericanDialectSocietyMeetingeveryyear,whereamongotherthings,theydecideonthewordoftheyear.(每年一月，詞典編輯們都會參加美國方言協會年會，在那里他們會決定年度詞匯。)”可知，每年的一月，字典編纂者會去美國方言協會參加年度會議，他們會決定年度詞匯。故選C。【30題詳解】推理判斷題。根據最后一段中“Ihopethatwhatyoucandoistofindlanguagechangenotannoyingbutfunandinteresting,justthewaydictionaryeditorsdo.Ihopeyoucanenjoybeingpartofthecreativitythatiscontinuallyremakingourlanguageandkeepingitalive.(我希望你能做的是發現語言的變化不是煩人的，而是有趣的，就像字典編輯一樣。我希望你能享受成為創造力的一部分，不斷地重塑我們的語言，讓它保持活力。)”可知，作者希望人們能夠意識到：語言變化不是令人煩惱的而是有趣的，能享受成為創造力的一部分，不斷地重塑我們的語言，讓它保持活力；由此可知，作者對于語言變化的態度是積極的。故選B。【31題詳解】推理判斷題。通讀全文，尤其是根據最后一段“Sohowdoesawordgetintoadictionary?Itgetsinbecausepeopleuseitandpeoplekeepusingit,anddictionaryeditorsarepayingattentiontopeople.Ifamunityofspeakersisusingawordandknowswhatitmeans,it’sreal.Thatwordmightbeinformalandthatwordmightbeawordthatyouthinkisillogicalorunnecessary,butaslongaspeopleareusingtheword,itisreal.

(那么一個單詞是如何進入字典的呢?它之所以被收錄，是因為人們在使用它，而且一直在使用它，詞典編輯們也在關注人們。如果一群人在使用一個詞，并且知道它的意思，那么這個詞就是真實的。那個詞可能是非正式的，那個詞可能是一個你認為不合邏輯或不必要的詞，但只要人們在使用這個詞，它就是真實的。)”可知，本文主要闡述了語言會隨著人們的使用而變化，進而字典也會發生變化，并介紹了新詞是如何進入字典的；由此可知，本文最有可能來自面向大眾的通俗雜志，向人們介紹有關詞典的知識。故選D。DResearchersattheUniversityofMassachusettsAmherst(UMassAmherst)recentlyannouncedthattheyhavefiguredouthowtoengineerabiofilm(生物膜)thatharveststheenergyinevaporation(蒸發)andchangesittoelectricity.Thisbiofilm,whichwasannouncedinNaturemunications,hasthepotentialtorevolutionizetheworldofwearableelectronics,poweringeverythingfrompersonalmedicalsensorstopersonalelectronics.“Thisisaveryexcitingtechnology,”saysLiuXiaomeng,graduatestudentinelectricalandputerengineeringinUMassAmherst’sCollegeofEngineeringandthepaper’sleadauthor.“Itgeneratesrealgreenenergy,andunlikeothersocalled‘greenenergy’sources,itsproductionistotallygreen.”That’sbecausethisbiofilmwhichisasheetofbacterialcellsandasthinasasheetofpaperisproducednaturallybyanengineeredversionofthebacteriumGeobactersulfurreducens(硫還原地桿菌).G.sulfurreducensisknowntoproduceelectricityandhasbeenusedpreviouslyin“microbialbatteries”topowerelectricalequipment.ButsuchbatteriesrequirethatG.sulfurreducensbeproperlycaredforandfedaconstantdiet.Bycontrast,thisnewbiofilm,whichcansupplyasmuchenergyasaparablysizedbattery,workscontinuously,becauseitisdead.Andbecauseit’sdead,itdoesn’tneedtobefed.Thesecretbehindthisnewbiofilmisthatitmakesenergyfromthemoisture(水分)onyourskin.Thoughwedailyreadstoriesaboutsolarpower,atleast50%ofthesolarenergyreachingtheearthgoestowardevaporatingwater.“Thisisahuge,undiscoveredsourceofenergy,”saysYaoJun,professorofelectricalandputerengineeringatUMassAmherst,andthepaper’soneseniorauthor.Sincethesurfaceofourskinisconstantlymoistwithsweat,thebiofilmcan“pluginto”itandchangetheenergylockedinevaporationintoenoughenergytopowersmallequipment.“Ournextstepistoincreasethesizeofourfilmtopowermoreintelligentwearableelectronics,”saysYao,andLiupointsoutthatoneofthegoalsistopowerentireelectronicsystems,ratherthansingleequipment.32.Whatfunctionisthebiofilmexpectedtoachieve?A.Updatingwearableelectronics. B.Acquiringpowerfromevaporation.C.Changingthewayofgettingelectricity. D.Supplyingenergyto“microbialbatteries”.33.Whatistheadvantageofthebiofilmparedwith“microbialbatteries”?A.It’sthinnerinthickness. B.It’senvironmentallyfriendly.C.Itreducesthecostinusage. D.Itemploysarareenergysource.34.Howdoesthebiofilmpowersmalldevices?A.Byinteractingwithsolarpower. B.Bygainingenergyfromelectronicsystems.C.Byusingwatertogenerateelectricity. D.Byproducingcontinuouselectricityfromsweat.35.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribesthebiofilm?A.Flexible. B.Controversial. C.Promising. D.Delicate.【答案】32.B33.C34.D35.C【解析】【導語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了馬薩諸塞大學阿默斯特分校的研究人員已經知道如何設計制造出一種能收集蒸發過程中的能量，并將其轉化為電能的生物膜。【32題詳解】細節理解題。根據第一段中“ResearchersattheUniversityofMassachusettsAmherst(UMassAmherst)recentlyannouncedthattheyhavefiguredouthowtoengineerabiofilm(生物膜)thatharveststheenergyinevaporation(蒸發)andchangesittoelectricity.(馬薩諸塞大學阿姆赫斯特分校的研究人員最近宣布，他們已經發現了如何設計一種生物膜，這種生物膜可以在蒸發中收集能量并將其轉化為電能)”可知，研究人員已經知道如何設計制造出一種能收集蒸發過程中的能量，并將它轉化為電能的生物膜了。即這種生物膜的預期功能是從蒸發過程中獲取能量。故選B。【33題詳解】推理判斷題。根據第三段中的“ButsuchbatteriesrequirethatG.sulfurreducensbeproperlycaredforandfedaconstantdiet.Bycontrast,thisnewbiofilm,whichcansupplyasmuchenergyasaparablysizedbattery,workscontinuously,becauseitisdead.Andbecauseit’sdead,itdoesn’tneedtobefed.(但是這樣的電池需要硫還原地桿菌得到適當的照顧和持續的飲食。相比之下，這種新的生物膜可以提供與同等大小的電池一樣多的能量，并且可以連續工作，因為它是死的。因為它已經死了，所以不需要喂食)”可知，使用硫還原地桿菌的微生物電池需要使用者照顧硫還原地桿菌，并給它提供食物，而生物膜并沒有這些要求。由此推知，生物膜降低了使用過程中的花費，故選C。【34題詳解】細節理解題。根據最后一段中的“Sincethesurfaceofourskinisconstantlymoistwithsweat,thebiofilmcan“pluginto”itandchangetheenergylockedinevaporationintoenoughenergytopowersmallequipment.“Ournextstepistoincreasethesizeofourfilmtopowermoreintelligentwearableelectronics,”saysYao,andLiupointsoutthatoneofthegoalsistopowerentireelectronicsystems,ratherthansingleequipment.(由于我們的皮膚表面經常被汗水濕潤，生物膜可以“插入”它，并將蒸發鎖定的能量轉化為足夠的能量，為小型設備提供動力。姚說:“我們的下一步是增加薄膜的尺寸，為更智能的可穿戴電子設備供電。”劉指出，目標之一是為整個電子系統供電，而不是單個設備)”可知，生物膜通過從汗液中產生持續的電力為小型設備供電。故選D。【35題詳解】推理判斷題。根據第一段中的“Thisbiofilm,whichwasannouncedinNaturemunications,hasthepotentialtorevolutionizetheworldofwearableelectronics,poweringeverythingfrompersonalmedicalsensorstopersonalelectronics.(這種生物膜在《自然通訊》雜志上發表，它有可能徹底改變可穿戴電子產品的世界，為從個人醫療傳感器到個人電子產品的一切提供動力)”和最后一段中的““Ournextstepistoincreasethesizeofourfilmtopowermoreintelligentwearableelectronics,”saysYao,andLiupointsoutthatoneofthegoalsistopowerentireelectronicsystems,ratherthansingleequipment.(姚說：“我們的下一步是增加薄膜的尺寸，為更智能的可穿戴電子設備供電。”劉指出，目標之一是為整個電子系統供電，而不是單個設備)”可推知，這種生物膜有非常廣闊的應用前景。故選C。第二節(共5小題;每小題2分，滿分10分)根據短文內容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Therearehundredsofgenres(流派)ofmusic,sowhilesomemightlikeonekind,othersmightlikesomethingpletelydifferent.Whydopeoplelikedifferentkindsofmusic?____36____Atthesametime,musiccanalsohelpusfeellikepartofagrouporaculture,especiallyonethatsharesaninterestinacertainkindofmusic.Musiccanalsobenostalgic,thatis,itcreatesakindoflongingforthepast.Musiciansleavebehindafootprintwiththeirmusic.____37____Evenlongafterthemusiciansaregone,peoplestillfindsomethinginthemusicians’recordingsthattheycanenjoy.Wemayalsofindthatthemusicwelikeisstronglytiedtoourmemory.Maybetherewasasongthatsomeonesangtouswhenwewerelittlethatbringsupgoodmemories.____38____Whenwelistentomusicthatwelike,achemicalcalleddopamineissometimesreleasedinthebrain,whichcanmakeusfeelgood.____39____Therearesomealgorithms(算法)todaythatcanhelppickuponthekindofmusicwelike.Whenwearestreamingmusic,someprogramswillletuslikeordislikesongs.People’stasteinmusiccanremainthesameintheirwholelifeoritcanchangemanytimes.Butthetruthis,wedon’tknowalltheexactanswerstowhypeoplelikedifferentkindsofmusic—orsports,orfood,orcolors.____40____Wearealldifferentpeoplewholikedifferentthings.A.It’smusictoourears.B.Musiccanbeapartofouridentity.C.Itbeesamirrorthatweareholdingup.D.Theyleaveapermanentmarkinpeople’slives.E.Therefore,wemightwanttolistentoasongonrepeat.F.Othertimes,wemightfindmusiccanbringupsadmemories.G.Therearelotsofdifferentfactorsthatcaninfluenceourpreferences.【答案】36B37.D38.F39.E40.G【解析】【導語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了音樂對人們的影響。36題詳解】根據后文“Atthesametime,musiccanalsohelpusfeellikepartofagrouporaculture,especiallyonethatsharesaninterestinacertainkindofmusic.(與此同時，音樂也可以幫助我們感覺自己是一個團體或文化的一部分，尤其是對某種音樂有共同興趣的人)”可知，后文提到了音樂對自身其他方面的影響，故本句是在說明音樂可以成為身體的一部分，故B選項“音樂可以成為我們身份的一部分”符合語境，故選B。【37題詳解】根據上文“Musiciansleavebehindafootprintwiththeirmusic.(音樂家在音樂中留下了足跡)”可知，上文提到了音樂家，D選項They指代上文Musicians。故D選項“他們在人們的生活中留下了永久的印記”符合語境，故選D。【38題詳解】根據上文“Wemayalsofindthatthemusicwelikeisstronglytiedtoourmemory.Maybetherewasasongthatsomeonesangtouswhenwewerelittlethatbringsupgoodmemories.(我們可能還會發現，我們喜歡的音樂與我們的記憶密切相關。也許在我們小的時候，有人給我們唱過一首歌，勾起了我們美好的回憶)”可知，上文提到音樂可以勾起美好回憶，同樣也能喚起悲傷的回憶。故F選項“其他時候，我們可能會發現音樂能喚起悲傷的回憶”符合語境，故選F。【39題詳解】根據上文“Whenwelistentomusicthatwelike,achemicalcalleddopamineissometimesreleasedinthebrain,whichcanma