必考點04主語、表語與同位語從句題型一主語從句【解題技巧提煉】在句子中起名詞作用的各種從句統稱為名詞性從句。根據它們在句中的語法作用,這類從句又可分為主語從句、賓語從句、表語從句和同位語從句。所以充當主語的從句叫主語從句。主語從句的常用引導詞有：（1）連接詞that;（2）連接詞whether;（3）連接代詞:what,who,which,whom,whose,whatever,whoever,whomever,whichever等;（4）連接副詞:when,where,how,why,whenever,wherever等。一、that引導的主語從句1.that引導主語從句時只起連接作用,在句子中不作任何成分,也無任何意義。that引導主語從句時通常不能省略,尤其是位于句首時。*Thathewillwinthemedalseemsunlikely.他似乎不大可能獲得獎牌。2.有時為了平衡句子結構,用it充當形式主語,而將that從句置于后面。*Itiscertainthatshewilldowellinherexam.毫無疑問,她考試成績會很好。3.主語從句中常用it作形式主語的句型有:(1)It+be+形容詞(clear,obvious,true,possible,certain,important,necessary,strange,natural,likely,surprising,vital等)+that從句*Itisobviousthathehasdonewhathecantohelpyou.很明顯,他已經盡了最大努力來幫助你。(2)It+be+名詞(詞組)(apity,ashame,anhonour,afact,nowonder,nosurprise等)+that從句*It’sanhonourthatwehavebeeninvitedtotheparty.很榮幸我們能被邀請參加宴會。(3)It+be+過去分詞(said,reported,announced,proved,thought,expected,hoped,decided,suggested,advised,ordered,required,demanded等)+that從句*Itissaidthathehassetupseveralpaniesofhisown.據說,他創辦了好幾家自己的公司。注：在上述it充當形式主語的句型中,若形容詞是important,necessary,strange,natural,vital,essential等;過去分詞中的動詞是表“建議、命令、要求、請求”的動詞,如suggest,advise,remend,propose,order,mand,require,request,urge,demand等,那么that從句中的謂語動詞要用“should+動詞原形”表示虛擬語氣,其中should可以省略。*Itisimportantthathe(should)knowwhyhefailedintheexperiment.重要的是他必須知道他為什么實驗失敗了。*ItisstrangethatTom(should)holdhisbreathfornearlyaminute.真奇怪,湯姆竟然能屏住呼吸將近一分鐘。(4)It+不及物動詞(happen,occur,seem,appear,turnout等)+that從句*IthappenedthathewasoutwhenIcalledonhim.當我拜訪他時,他碰巧不在家。*ItoccurredtomethatIhadleftthedoorunlocked.我突然想起來忘記鎖門了。二、whether引導的主語從句whether意為“是否”,引導主語從句時只起連接作用,在句子中不作任何成分。*Whethertheywouldsupportuswasstillaproblem.他們是否會支持我們仍然是個問題。*Itmakesnodifferencewhetherhewilleheretomorrow.明天他是否來這里無關緊要。注：whether引導主語從句(1)whether引導主語從句時可以放在句首,也可以讓it充當形式主語,真正的主語后置。(2)whether引導主語從句時一般不能用if替代。三、連接代詞引導的主語從句連接代詞包括:what,who,which,whom,whose,whatever,whoever,whomever,whichever等,在句中作主語、賓語、表語或定語。*WhatIsayandwhatIthinkarenobusinessofyours.我說什么,想什么與你無關。*Whowillpresentthemeetinghasnotbeendecidedyet.由誰來主持會議還沒有決定。*Whateverisworthdoingisworthdoingwell.任何值得做的事都值得做好。*Whicheverofyouesinwillreceiveaprize.你們當中不論哪個進來將會得獎。注：連接代詞引導主語從句(1)what引導主語從句時在從句中作主語、賓語、表語或定語,相當于定語從句中的“先行詞+關系代詞”的形式,表示“……的事情(時間、地點、樣子等)”。*What(=Thethingthat)youdidatthemeetingyesterdaywasquiteright.昨天在會上你做得很對。(2)who“誰”表疑問含義;whoever“無論是誰”,表肯定意思,相當于anyonewho。*Whoever(=Anyonewho)didthejobmustberewarded.無論誰做了這項工作一定要得到酬謝。四、連接副詞引導的主語從句連接副詞包括:when,where,how,why,whenever,wherever等,在主語從句中作狀語。*Whenwe’llsetoutforBeijingtomorrowwillbetoldsoon.我們明天何時動身去北京很快會被告知。*Howthetrafficaccidenthappenedisnotcleartoanyone.這次交通事故是怎樣發生的,誰也不清楚。注：“疑問詞+ever”既能引導主語從句,又能引導讓步狀語從句。但是“nomatter+疑問詞”只能引導讓步狀語從句。*Wheneverheiswillingtogiveuphisfoolishideaisofnointeresttome.(主語從句)無論他什么時候愿意放棄他的愚蠢的想法,我都不感興趣。*Nomatterwhenyoue,pleasecallmefirst.(狀語從句)不管你什么時候來,都請先給我打個電話。題型二表語從句【解題技巧提煉】1.表語從句放在系動詞之后,充當復合句中的表語。表語從句(PredicativeClause)就是指一個句子作為表語。2.可接表語從句的系動詞有be,bee,look,seem,sound,appear,remain等。Atthattime,itseemedasifIcouldn’tthinkoftherightword.當時,我似乎怎么也想不出一個恰當的字眼來。3.引導表語從句關聯詞種類:(1)從屬連詞whether,as,asif/though引導的表語從句。*Itsoundsasifsomeoneisknockingatthedoor.聽起來好像有人在敲門。(2)because,why引導的表語從句。*That’swhyhegotangrywithme.那正是他對我生氣的原因。(That’swhy...強調結果)*ThatisbecausemostofGreenlandiscoveredwithlotsofice.這是因為格陵蘭島大部分地區被大量的冰覆蓋著。(3)連接代詞who,whom,whose,what,which,whoever,whatever,whichever;連接副詞where,when,how,why。*Theproblemiswhowecangettoreplaceher.問題是我們能找到誰去替換她呢。*ThisiswhereIgrewup.Iknowthisarealikethebackofmyhand.我在這兒長大的,我對這地方再熟悉不過了。(4)從屬連詞that。*ThetroubleisthatIhavelosthisaddress.麻煩是我把他的地址丟了。4.使用虛擬語氣的表語從句在表示建議、勸告、命令含義的名詞后的表語從句,謂語動詞需用“should+動詞原形”表示,should可省略。常見的名詞有:advice,suggestion,order,proposal,request等。*Mysuggestionisthatwe(should)startearlytomorrow.我的建議是我們明天一早就出發。*Theclient’smainrequestwasthatallrooms(should)besouthorientatedinordertotakefulladvantageofthenaturalsunlight.委托人主要的需求是所有房間南向布置,爭取獲得更多的自然采光。注意:what引導的主語從句表示結果或名詞reason作主語時,后面的表語從句表示原因時要用that引導,不宜用because。*Thereasonisthatrichvolcanicsoilmakesthelandfantasticforfarming.原因是,肥沃的火山土壤使這片土地極適于農業。*Whatmakesmehappyisthattheyareindependentthinkers,insightfulandperceptive,clearheaded.讓我高興的是他們是獨立的思考者,有很好的洞察力和感知力,頭腦清晰。題型三同位語從句同位語從句,指的是在復合句中充當同位語的從句,屬于名詞性從句的范疇。同位語從句用來對其前面的名詞進行解釋說明,被解釋說明的詞和同位語在邏輯上是主表關系。同位語從句常用于下列名詞之后：news,idea,fact,promise,order,question,doubt,thought,hope,message,suggestion,word,possibility,decision,answer,belief,information,knowledge,law,opinion,plan,truth,advice,announcement,argument,claim,conclusion,evidence,explanation,feeling,impression,proposal,remark,reply,report,reason,saying,statement,warning,wish等。引導同位語從句的詞通常有：（1）連詞that,whether；（2）連接代詞what,who,which；（3）連接副詞how,when,where,why等。*Theyarefamiliarwiththeopinionthatallmatterconsistsofatoms.他們很熟悉這一觀點,所有的物質都是由原子構成的。*Theyweredelightedatthenewsthattheirteamhadwon.當聽到他們的球隊贏了的消息時,他們欣喜若狂。*Thereissomedoubtwhetherhewille.他是否會來還不一定。同位語從句和定語從句的區別：(1)同位語從句和先行詞是同等的關系;而定語從句是修飾先行詞；(2)that在同位語從句中無詞義,不充當句子成分;而在定語從句中充當主語、賓語等句子成分；(3)whether,how,what可以引導同位語從句,不能引導定語從句；(4)who,whom,which,when,where,why引導同位語從句,保持原來疑問詞的含義,而引導定語從句時,不具有疑問詞的含義。注：同位語從句：(1)if不能引導同位語從句；(2)同位語從句引導詞that無含義,不充當成分,但一般不可省略；(3)同位語從句前一般沒有逗號；(4)有時同位語從句可以不緊跟在說明的名詞后面；（5）在某些名詞(如demand,wish,suggestion,request等)后面的同位語從句的謂語動詞常用“should+動詞原形”的虛擬語氣。題型一主語從句用適當的詞完成句子1.__________________________________________________thesewords.

他有必要記住這些單詞。2.Youpasttheexam?__________________________________________________youlooksohappy.

你考試通過了?怪不得你看上去這么高興。3.__________________________________________________acollegeeducationisessentialforaperson’sgrowth.

人們普遍認為,大學教育對一個人的成長是必不可少的。4.__________________________________________________thediamondshadbeeninthebankallthetime.

原來這些鉆石一直都在銀行里。5._____________ornothewillattendtheconferenceisn’tveryclear.6.Itdependson_____________wecangettheircooperationornot.7._____________wasonceregardedasimpossiblehasnowbeeareality.8._____________leavestheroomlastoughttoturnoffthelights.9._____________youwantisalwaysfinewithme.10._____________teamwillwinthefinalgameisstillunclear.11._____________itwasdoneisstillamysterytousall.12._____________thelecturewillbegivenhasn’tbeendecided.13._____________youmakeanynoiselateatnightdisturbsyourneighboursgreatly.題型二表語從句在空格處填入適當的引導詞1.Thetroubleis_____________weareshortofmoney.

2.Atthattime,itseemed_____________Icouldn’tthinkoftherightwordanyhow.

3.Thatis_____________stonewallsareusedinsteadoffencesaroundNewEnglandfields.

4.Thequestionis_____________weneedmoreicecreamornot.5.Goandgetyourcoat.It’s_____________youleftit.

6.Ithinkoneofthereasonsithasn’tchangedis_____________there’sreallynoeconomicpressuretochangethis.

題型三同位語從句根據語境填入適當的連接詞1.Thenews_____________MrLiwillbeournewEnglishteacheristrue.2.Heputforwardtothequestion_____________themeetingwouldbeheld.3.Theteacherhadnoidea_____________Jackwasabsent.4.Wearenotinvestigatingthequestion_____________heistrustworthy.5.Thenewsgotabout_____________hehadwonacarinthelottery.6.Thequestion_____________shoulddotheworkisbeingdiscussedatthemeeting.7.Ihavenoidea_____________Icangettotherailwaystation.8.Hehadhisdoubt_____________theywouldgivehimanotherchancetohaveatry.參考答案題型一主語從句1.Itisnecessarythathe(should)rememberthesewords.

2.Youpasttheexam?Itisnowonderthatyoulooksohappy.

3.Itisgenerallythought/consideredthatacollegeeducationisessentialforaperson’sgrowth.

4.Itturnedoutthatthediamondshadbeeninthebankallthetime.

5.Whetherornothewillattendtheconferenceisn’tveryclear.6.Itdependsonwhetherwecangettheircooperationornot.7.Whatwasonceregardedasimpossiblehasnowbeeareality.8.Whoeverleavestheroomlastoughttoturnoffthelights.9.Whateveryouwantisalwaysfinewithme.10.Whichteamwillwinthefinalgameisstillunclear.11.Howitwasdoneisstillamysterytousall.12.Where/Whenthelecturewillbegivenhasn’tbeendecided.13.Wheneveryoumakeanynoiselateatnightdisturbsyourneighboursgreatly.題型二表語從句1.Thetroubleisthatweareshortofmoney.

2.Atthattime,itseemedasifIcouldn’tthinkoftherightwordanyhow.

3.ThatiswhystonewallsareusedinsteadoffencesaroundNewEnglandfields.

4.Thequestioniswhetherweneedmoreicecreamornot.5.Goandgetyourcoat.It’swhereyouleftit.

6.Ithinkoneofthereasonsithasn’tchangedisbecausethere’sreallynoeconomicpressuretochangethis.

題型三同位語從句1.ThenewsthatMrLiwillbeournewEnglishteacheristrue.2.Heputforwardtothequestionwherethemeetingwouldbeheld.3.TheteacherhadnoideawhyJackwasabsent.4.Wearenotinvestigatingthequestionwhetherheistrustworthy.5.Thenewsgotaboutthathehadwonacarinthelottery.6.Thequestionwhoshoulddotheworkisbeingdiscussedatthemeeting.7.IhavenoideahowIcangettotherailwaystation.8.Hehadhisdoubtwhethertheywouldgivehimanotherchancetohaveatry.一、單項選擇1._____surprisedmemostwasthatshehadbeeafamoussinger.A.That B.It C.What D.Which2.________madeMrsBrownexcitedwasthatherdaughterwonfirstprizeinadancingcontest.A.Which B.That C.It D.What3.________isneededforthespacetripiscarefulpreparation.A.When B.Whether C.Which D.What4.Itisreported_____thefloodhasinfluencedthelivesofover200residents.A.that B.whether C.if D.which5._____________hecanetothepartyontimedependsonthetraffic.A.If B.How C.Why D.Whether6.Thefact__________funisnotequaltohappinessmaybetheoppositeof__________manypeopleactuallyunderstand.A.which;what B.that;what C.that;that D.which;that7.______theyaremostinterestedinis______theycanproducemoreandbettercars.A.That;how B.What;how C.What;that D.That;that8.______hesaidatthemeetingastonishedeverybodypresent.A.What B.That C.Thefactis D.Thematterwhat9.______the2022WinterOlympicGameswouldbeheldinBeijingmadethenationveryexcited.A.Whenever B.If C.Whether D.That10.________isknowntousallisthatWangMenggotthreegoldenmedalsinVancouverWinterOlympics.A.As B.What C.It D.That11._______oneofyoubreaksthewindowwillhavetopayforit.A.Whatever B.Whichever C.Whoever D.However12.Youshouldfollowthedoctor'sinstructiontogiveupsmokingor________hesuggestedwillhavelittleeffectonyourhealth.A.when B.how C.why. D.what13.Isthereamagicwandthatsilentlytransformsyouandthosespecialpeopleonjourneyinto________sometimescanbealifelongrelationship?A.it B.that C.what D.which14.________ofClassFivedowhattheycantohelptheblindisknowntoeveryoneinourschool.A.Thestudents B.WhateverthestudentsC.Whatthestudents D.Thatthestudents15._____wasmostimportanttoher,shetoldme,washerfamily.A.While B.That C.It D.What16.Mostscientistsholdtheopinion________climatechangewillbeeworse,butafewdoubt________it’strue.A.which;that B.that;that C.that;whether D.which;whether17.Thefact________womencanworkaswellasmenisclear.A.when B.that C.where D.which18.Infact,morethanoneaccountsuggeststhat______Newtonwascertainlyinspiredbyafallingapple,thereisnoproof____ithithimonthehead.A.when,why B.while,that C.if,that D.while,why19.TuYouyouhadanidea________Chineseherdsmightholdthesecret.A.that B.what C.which D.how20.Itwasatthebeginning______hemadethedecision______weshouldsendmorefirefightersthere.A.that;that B.when;which C.there;what D.where;what21.Wordcame______Iwaswantedattheoffice.A.which B.why C.that D.whether22.ScientistscallEmily’sidea________eachpartofaguncouldbemadeidenticalbymachinesasteptowardstandardizationofparts.A.how B.that C.when D.which23.－Isthereany______thatpeopleusedtoliveatthesite?－Yes.Scientistsfoundsomehousesitesandtoolsthere.A.evidence B.achievement C.review D.belief24.Hispromotionwasdueto________hehadbeenworkinghard.A.that B.what C.thefactwhich D.thefactthat25.Manyexpertsholdtheview________teacherdevelopmentis________thekeytobettereducationlies.A.which;where B.that;inwhich C.that;where D.that;what26.Oneofthemengavehisopinion________thebooksaidwasright.A.thatwhat B.that C.what D.whether27.Thereissomedoubt________theirfootballteamwillwinthematch.A.whether B.that C.what D.how28.There’sevidence________recoveringalcoholicswhohavebeengiventheopportunitytoplant,grow,andevenselltheirproduce,havemanagedtostoptheiraddictivehabits.A.which B.that C.aboutwhich D.inwhich29.Asfurtherproof________youcannow3Dprintanything,apanycalledNaturalMachineshasintroduceda3Dprinterforfood.A.which B.what C.where D.that30.Inspiringotherstobelieveinthemselves,StephenCurryislivingproof______otherpeoplethinkofyoudoesnothavetoinfluence______youbee.A.thathow;how B.what;whatC.that;that D.thatwhat;what31.Thesimplerestaurantwas________heusuallyhadthesamemealofsausages,eggsandcoffee.A.that B.which C.where D.what32.Thisdevotionandhardworkis________weseereflectedwithinhisphotos.A.that B.whether C.how D.what33.Theproblemwas________couldgivehimahand.A.how B.why C.who D.that34.Thelasttimewemeteachotherwas________Iwasonabusinesstripinhercity.A.where B.how C.when D.why35.Iwantedtomakeadifferenceintheworldsomehow.Thatwas_________IbegantolearnabouttheLighthouseProject.A.what B.because C.which D.why36.Asforsomeskills,oncehavingmandedthem,youwillneverforgetthem,andthisis__________wecallinternalization(內化).A.that B.what C.because D.why37.Thereason________Benfailedtomakehimselfunderstoodwas________hewaspooratspeech.A.that,that B.why,that C.forwhich,because D.which,because38.Thereason______hedidn’tewas______hewasill.A.why;because B.why;that C.which;that D.which;because39.Thetownisnolonger______itwastenyearsago.A.which B.that C.what D.when40.Absolutepovertyhasfallensteadilysincetheindustrialrevolution,whichis________yesterday’sluxurieshavebeetoday’snecessities.A.what B.why C.that D.where41.Whatreallydelightsamanis________youthinkhimworthapliment.A.what B.whether C.that D.how42.Sharingwealthandwhateverelseissharablewithothersis________Confuciusprescribed(規定)tothegovernmentofficialsandheadsofbigfamiliestomaintainsocialstability.A.that B.what C.before D.whether43.Intelligence,perseveranceandconfidenceare________ittakestomakeagoodscientist.A.that B.what C.which D.where44.Asimplerestaurantwas________heusuallyhadthesamemealofsausages,eggsandcoffee.A.how B.that C.what D.where45.Thereason______yougavefortheabsenceofyourassignmentwas______youmissedthedeadlineaftergettingalongqueuednucleicacidtest（核酸檢測）.A.why;that B.why;which C.that;that D.which;why二、語法填空1閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當的內容（1個單詞）或括號內單詞的正確形式。lastThursday,

therewasa

bigfireinabigshopinourcity.At8:16thatmorning,___46___theemployeeswereworking

busilyinthe4storeyedbuilding,heavysmokewasseen___47___(e)outofthewindowsonthesecondfloor.Thefirelastednearlyanhour,andthemajorityofthe345employeesmanaged___48___(escape)fromthefire.Unfortunately,7werekilled,and23injured,lightlyorseriously.Someworkers___49___(plain)thataidscametoolate,___50___thefiremendidejust10minutesafterthefirewasreported.Torescueeveryonefromtheburningandsmokingbuildinginsuchashorttimewastoodifficult.Theonlytwoexitsofthebigbuildingwerenotenoughforsomanypeopletowithdrawin____51____hurry.Thereasonofthefire,accordingtoaninvestigator,was

__52__someonebrokethenonsmokingruleinthefactory,becausesomecigarette

ends___53___

(find).Nexttwoweeks,15inspectionteamswillbeworkinginallthefactories____54____turn,aimingtoclearawaythepossibilityofmorefires.___55___(hope),nodisasterslikethiswillhappenagain.2IwasborninLondon,billIgrewupinTaunton,whichisasmalltownwithnotmuchtodo，soIhadtoinventalotofgarner.Thisisprobably__56__Iwasgoodatmakingthings.Asachild.Ialwaysenjoyed__57__(design)objects.Attheageof16,1decidedtoleaveschooltoworkforadesignpany.__58__(main)doingroutineworkintheoffice.DuringthistimeIlearntalot__59__mymanager.Shewasquiteinspiringandtaughtmehow__60__(solve)problemsbylookingatthingsinadifferentway.In2006.I__61__(feel)IneededanewchallengesoIdecidedtotakeafilmmakingcourse.My__62__(apply)wassuccessfulandIspenta(n)__63__(enjoy)monthlearningfilmmaking.ItwasatthistimethatIrealizedthemostsuitablejobfor__64__wasdesigningadvertisementsandmercialfilms.Imadeupmymindtodevelopdifferent__65__(skill)sothatIwouldbeabletoworkinthisfieldinthefuture.3閱讀下列短文，根據短文內容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫一個適當的單詞，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內所給詞的正確形式填空。Nooneknowsexactly___66___theearthbegan.However,accordingtoawidelyacceptedtheory,theuniversebegan___67___a“BigBang”.Thenthedust___68___(settle)intoasolidglobe.Astheearthcooleddown,waterbegantoappearonitssurface.Many___69___(science)believethatitwasthepresenceofwaterthatallowedtheearthtodissolve___70___(harm)gasesandacidsintooceansandseas,whichmadeitpossibleforlifetodevelop.Millionsofyearslater,thefirstsmallplantsappearedonthesurfaceofthewater.Theirdevelopment___71___(follow)byearlyshellfish,allsortsoffish,greenplantsandlandanimals.Reptiles___72___(produce)younggenerallybylayingeggswhilemammalsgavebirthtoyoungbabyanimals.Dinosaursexistedontheearthforover140millionyearsbeforetheysuddenlydisappeared.Thereason___73___theydisappearedstillremainsamystery.Finally,humansappearedandspreadallovertheearth.Buttheyareputtingtoomuchcarbondioxideintotheatmosphere,whichpreventsheatfrom___74___(escape)fromtheearthintospace.Asaresultofthis,peoplebelievetheearthmaybeetoohottoliveon.So___75___lifewillcontinueontheearthwilldependonhowthisproblemcanbesolved.4閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當的單詞或括號內單詞的正確形式。Throughtravellingyoucanenjoybeautifulviewsand______76______(broad)yourhorizons.Insummer,you’dbettergetonacruiseinthecityofChongqingwhichwilltakeyoutotheThreeGorges,forthoseJiangyoushipsareusuallytoo______77______(crowd).NearYunyang,atthesteepedgeofthehills______78______(stand)thefamousZhangFeiTemple______79______(surround)bytrees.Becausesmoking______80______(forbid)inthecabins,youhavetogotothedecktosmoke,______81______youcanenjoythebeautifulscenery.Youcanseesomefishermen______82______thedistance.First,youwillgothroughtheQutangGorge,whichnarrowsto350feet.ThenyouwillsailthroughWuGorgeandXilingGorge.However,_____83_____impressesyoumostmaybetheDaningRiverinWuShang.Thereisimmense_____84_____(mountain)landonbothbanksofYangtzeRiverwithonlysmallareasofflat____85____(plain).5閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當的單詞或括號內單詞的正確形式。Duringthe_____86_____(twenty)century,thetemperatureoftheearth_____87_____(rise)aboutonedegreeFahrenheit.Itisarapidincreasewhenpared_____88_____othernaturalchanges.Thereisnodoubt_____89_____theearthisbeingwarmer.Scientistsbelieve_____90_____ishumanactivitythathascausedthisglobalwarming.Theincreaseintheearth'stemperatureisduetothe_____91_____(burn)offossilfuels.Somebyproductsofthisprocess_____92_____(call)“greenhouse”gases,themostimportantoneof___93___iscarbondioxide.Withoutthe“greenhouseeffect”,theearthwouldbethirtythreedegreeCelsius____94____(cool)thanitis.So,weneedthosegases.Theproblembeginswhenweaddhugequantitiesofextracarbondioxideintotheatmosphere,causingtheglobaltemperature____95____(go)up.6Ms.Marywasovereighty,butshestilldroveheroldcarlikehalfherage.Sheloveddrivingveryfast,andboastedofthefact__96__shehadnever,inherthirtyfiveyearsofdriving,beenpunished__97__adrivingmistake.Thenoneday,shenearlylostherrecord.Apolicecarfollowedher,andthepolicemeninitsawherpassaredlightwithout__98__（stop).WhenMs.Marycamebeforethejudge,helookedatherseverelyandsaidthatshewastoooldtodriveacar,andthatthereason__99__shehadnotstoppedatredlightwasmostprobablythathereyeshadbeeweak__100__oldage,sothatshehadsimplynotseenit.Whenthejudgehadfinished__101__hewassaying,Ms.Maryopenedthebighandbagshewascarryingandtookouthersewing.Withoutsayingaword,she__102__choose)aneedlewithaverysmalleye,andthreadeditatthefirsttime.Whenshehad__103__（success)donethis,shetookthethreadoutoftheneedleagainandhandedboththeneedleandthreadtothejudge,saying,“Nowitisyourturn.Isupposeyoucandriveacarwell,andyouhavenodoubts__104__youreyesight.”Thejudgetooktheneedleandtriedtothreadit.Afterhalfadozentimes,hehadstillnotsucceeded.ThecaseagainstMs.Mary__105__(dismiss解雇),andherrecordremainedunbroken.參考答案一、1.C【解析】考查主語從句。句意：最使我吃驚的是她成了一名著名的歌手。分析句子結構可知，前句為主語從句。從句缺少主語，且指物，所以用連接代詞what引導。故選C。2.D【解析】考查主語從句。句意：使布朗夫人興奮的是她的女兒在舞蹈比賽中得了第一名。引導主語從句，從句中缺少主語，指事情應用what。故選D。3.D【解析】考查主語從句。句意：太空旅行需要的是精心準備。A.When什么時候；B.Whether是否；C.Which哪一個；D.What什么。根據句子結構可知，本句是主語從句，引導詞在從句中作主語，表示“什么”，故選D。4.A【解析】考查連接詞。句意：據報道，洪水影響了200多名居民的生活。本句考查Itisreportedthat...表“據報道”，為固定句型。it做形式主語，that之后的從句為真正主語。故選A項。5.D【解析】考查主語從句。句意：他是否能準時參加聚會取決于交通。A.If是否；B.How如何；C.Why為什么；D.Whether是否。分析可知，空處引導主語從句，從句成分完整，但缺少“是否”之意，應用whether引導。if不能引導主語從句。故選D。6.B【解析】考查同位語從句和賓語從句。句意：樂趣不等于幸福這個事實可能與很多人實際上的理解正相反。分析句子可知，空一引導同位語從句，解釋說明fact，從句句意完整，成分齊全，用連詞that，無詞義，不作成分，僅起引導作用；空格引導賓語從句，從句缺少understand的賓語，表示“……的（事物；東西等）”，用連接詞what，故選B。7.C【解析】考查名詞性從句。句意：他們最感興趣的是他們能生產更多更好的汽車。分析句子可知，is前面為主語從句，從句部分缺少介詞in的賓語，用連接代詞what引導；is后陳述事實，句子不缺少主要成分，空處只起連接作用，用that引導表語從句。故選C項。8.A【解析】考查主語從句的連接詞。句意：他在會上所說的話使在場的每個人都大吃一驚。此處考查主語從句，動詞astonished之前，為主語從句，從句缺少said的賓語，應用連接代詞what引導主語從句，what同時充當從句的賓語，意為“所……的”。故選A項。9.D【解析】考查主語從句。句意：2022年冬季奧運會將在北京舉行，這使全國人民非常興奮。分析句子結構可知，“______the2022WinterOlympicGameswouldbeheldinBeijing”在句中做主語，為主語從句，所以空處缺少連接詞，從句句意完整，不缺少任何成分，所以應用無任何意義只起連接作用的that來引導，whenever意為“無論何時”，if和whether意為“是否”，故選D。10.B【解析】考查名詞性從句。句意：我們所知道的是，WangMeng在溫哥華冬奧會上獲得了三枚金牌。分析可知，此處引導主語從句，連接代詞what引導從句，在從句中作主語，意為“所……的事”。as用來引導非限制性定語從句；it用作形式主語，均不符合本句結構。故選B項。11.B【解析】考查名詞性從句。句意：無論你們其中哪個人弄壞窗子都得為之賠償。A.Whatever無論什么；B.Whichever無論哪一個；C.Whoever無論誰；D.However不管怎樣。空處引導主語從句，根據“oneofyou”可知，從句表示“無論哪一個”應用whichever，作定語。故選B。12.D【解析】考查主語從句。句意：你應該按照醫生的建議戒煙，否則他建議的對你的健康幾乎沒有影響。分析句子可知，or為并列連詞，其前后為并列句；________hesuggested為第二個并列句的主語部分，空白處同時做動詞suggest的賓語，表示“建議的內容”，所以此處要用連接代詞what來引導。故選D。13.C【解析】考查賓語從句。句意：有沒有一根魔棒能讓你和那些特殊的人在旅途中悄無聲息地轉變成一段有時可能相伴一生的關系？連接代詞what引導名詞性從句時，在從句中充當主語、賓語或表語，表示“……的人/事/物/話/地方”。分析句子可知，“____sometimescanbealifelongrelationship”作介詞后是賓語從句，從句中缺少主語，引導詞在從句中作主語，應用連接代詞what引導詞該賓語從句。故選C項。14.D【解析】考查句子結構。句意：我們學校每個人都知道五班的學生盡他們所能幫助盲人。分析句子可知，be動詞is前是一個主語從句，設空處缺少從句的主語和連接詞，thestudents是主語，連接詞that在從句中不作成分，無詞義但不能省略。故選D。15.D【解析】考查主語從句。句意：她告訴我，對她來說最重要的是她的家庭。A.While當……的時候；B.That那，那個；C.It它；D.What什么。連接代詞what引導名詞性從句時，在從句中充當主語、賓語或表語，表示“……的人/事/物/話/地方”。分析句子，“____wasmostimportanttoher”是主語從句，從句中缺主語，應用連接代詞what引導該從句，意為“對她來說最重要的事情”。故選D項。16.C【解析】考查名詞性從句。句意：大多數科學家認為氣候會變得更糟，但也有一些人懷疑這是否屬實。分析句子可知，第一空引導同位語從句，從句中不缺少成分，解釋說明opinion，不作成分，無詞義，僅起引導作用，故填that；第二空引導賓語從句，從句不缺成分，根據句意可知，此處意為“是否是真的”，因此填whether。故選C項。17.B【解析】考查同位語從句。句意：很明顯，女性可以和男性一樣工作。分析句子結構可知，________womencanworkaswellasmen為同位語從句，解釋fact這一抽象名詞，且從句句意完整，成分齊全。因此需要使用從屬連詞that。故選B。18.B【解析】考查讓步狀語從句和同位語從句。句意：事實上，不止一種說法表明，雖然牛頓確實是受到了一個掉落的蘋果的啟發，但沒有證據表明它擊中了他的頭部。結合句意可知，第一空是讓步狀語從句，表示“雖然，盡管”，用while引導；第二空引導同位語從句，對名詞proof的內容補充說明，從句結構、意義完整，應用that引導，that在從句中不作任何成分，起連接作用。故選B項。19.A【解析】考查同位語從句。句意：屠呦呦認為，中草藥可能掌握著這個秘密。名詞idea后面的從句解釋它的內容，是同位語從句，從句句意完整，成分齊全，只起到連接作用用that，，無詞義，不作成分。故選A。20.A【解析】考查強調句型和同位語從句。句意：就在一開始，他就作出決定，我們應該派更多的消防員去那里。分析句子可知，第一空和句首的“Itwas”構成強調句型，被強調部分是時間狀語atthebeginning，故第一空用that；第二空引導同位語從句，對名詞decision的內容補充說明，從句結構、意義完整，應用that引導。故選A項。21.C【解析】考查同位語從句。句意：有消息說辦公室找我。分析句子結構可知，空格處引導的是分割式同位語從句，說明抽象名詞word的內容，從句中不缺主語或賓語，且句子意思完整，因此空格處用that引導分割式同位語從句，故選C。22.B【解析】考查同位語從句連接詞。句意：科學家稱艾米莉的想法是，槍的每一部分都可以通過機器制造出來，這是朝著零件標準化邁出的一步。A.how怎樣；B.that這個；C.when什么時候；D.which哪個。分析句子結構可知，這是一個同位語從句，連接詞在從句中不作任何成份，只起連接作用，因此連接詞應該用that。故選B項。23.A【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：——是否有證據表明人們曾經住在該地點？——是的。科學家們在那里發現了一些房屋遺址和工具。A.evidence證據；B.achievement成就；C.review復習；D.belief信念。分析句子結構，此句為that引導的同位語從句。從句peopleusedtoliveatthesite是前面名詞evidence的具體內容或解釋說明。故選A項。24.D【解析】考查同位語從句。句意：他的成功是由于這樣的事實，他一直努力工作。分析可知，hehadbeenworkinghard結構、意思都完整，所以其前應用叢書連詞that；“dueto”由于，to是介詞，介詞后不能直接跟that從句，所以此處that引導的從句為解釋說明thefact的內容，為同位語從句。故選D。25.C【解析】考查同位語從句和表語從句。句意：很多專家認為，老師的發展就是更的關鍵所在。第一空是同位語從句，作view的同位語，對view進行解釋說明，從句不缺成分，表達完整的含義，應用從屬連詞that；第二空是表語從句，從句中缺少lie的狀語，應用where。故選C。26.A【解析】考查同位語從句和主語從句。句意：其中一個人提出了他的意見，認為書中說的是對的。分析句子結構可知，“thebooksaid”是主語從句，從句中缺少賓語，因此主語從句用what引導；“whatthebooksaidwasright”位于抽象名詞opinion后，說明opinion的具體內容，因此是同位語從句，從句中不缺主語或賓語，且句子意思完整，因此同位語從句用that引導，因此空格處是thatwhat。故選A。27.A【解析】考查同位語從句。句意：他們的足球隊能否贏得這場比賽還有些疑問。分析句子可知，“_____theirfootballteamwillwinthematch”是對名詞doubt內容進行解釋說明，是同位語從句，從句結構完整，結合句意且doubt用于肯定句，應用連詞whether引導該同位語從句，意為“是否”。故選A項。28.B【解析】考查同位語從句。句意：有證據表明，那些有機會種植甚至出售自己的農產品的戒酒者，已經成功地戒除了他們的上癮習慣。句型there’sevidencethat...，意為“有證據表明……”，從句句子結構完整，應用連接詞that引導同位語從句，that只起連接作用，從句部分作evidence的內容說明。故選B項。29.D【解析】考查名詞性從句。句意：為了進一步證明你現在可以用3D打印任何東西，一家名為“自然機器”的公司推出了一款食品3D打印機。分析句子結構可知，as為介詞，proof為名詞，“_______youcannow3Dprintanything”為同位語從句，解釋說明proof的內容，從句不缺少成分且句意完整，所以用連接代詞that引導。故選D。30.D【解析】考查名詞性從句。句意：激勵別人相信自己，史蒂芬·庫里就是活生生的例子，別人對你的看法并不一定會影響你成為什么樣的人。分析句子結構可知，“______otherpeoplethinkofyoudoesnothavetoinfluence______youbee.”為同位語從句，作名詞proof的同位語，從句不缺成分，需用連接詞that引導，在同位語從句中，“_____otherpeoplethinkofyou”為主語從句，從句缺少賓語，需用連接代詞