P1管理會計知到智慧樹期末考試答案題庫2025年武漢學(xué)院X40isoneofmanyitemsproducedbythemanufacturingdivision.Itsstandardcostisbasedonestimatedproductionof10,000unitspermonth.ThestandardcostscheduleforoneunitofX40showsthat2hoursofdirectlabourarerequiredat$15perlabourhour.Thevariableoverheadrateis$6perdirectlabourhour.DuringApril,11,000unitswereproduced;24,000directlabourhourswereworkedandcharged;$336,000wasspentondirectlabour;and$180,000wasspentonvariableoverheads.ThedirectlabourratevarianceforAprilis:（）

答案:$24,000FavourableWTDLtdproducesasingleproduct.Themanagementcurrentlyusesmarginalcostingbutisconsideringusingabsorptioncostinginthefuture.Thebudgetedfixedproductionoverheadsfortheperiodare$500,000.Thebudgetedoutputfortheperiodis2,000units.Therewere800unitsofopeninginventoryatthebeginningoftheperiodand500unitsofclosinginventoryattheendoftheperiod.Ifabsorptioncostingprincipleswereapplied,theprofitfortheperiodcomparedtothemarginalcostingprofitwouldbe:（）

答案:$75,000lowerWhoisgenerallyresponsibleformakingdecisionsunderconditionsofriskanduncertaintyinacorporation?（）

答案:CEOWhichTWOofthefollowingwouldhelptoexplainafavorablematerialpricevariance?（）

答案:Anincreaseinthequantityofmaterialpurchasedhelpedbuyerstounexpectedbulkdiscounts.；Thematerialpurchasedwasofalowerqualitythanstandard.Whichstatementbestdescribesaflexiblebudget?（）

答案:Itprovidesguidelinesforwhatcostsshouldbeatdifferentlevelsofoperations.Whichofthesearetypicallyconsideredwhencalculatingtherelevantcostofmakingacomponentin-house?（）

答案:Directmaterialsrequired；Directlaborrequired；CostsofutilitiesspecifictotheproductionofthecomponentWhichofthefollowingsaretrueaboutthemainpurposesofmanagementaccounting?（）

答案:Planning；Control；DecisionmakingWhichofthefollowingwouldnotnormallyleadtoaplanningvariance?（）

答案:AchangeinsuppliercausingachangetomaterialpricesWhichofthefollowingwouldbeconsideredtobedisadvantagesofusingmarginalcostinginordertosetthesellingpriceofaproduct?（）

答案:Themark-upismorearbitrarythanthatusedinfullcostpluspricingWhichofthefollowingwouldbeclassifiedasindirectlabor?（）

答案:StoreassistantsinafactoryWhichofthefollowingwagecostswouldnotbeclassifiedasdirectlabour?（）

答案:AstoresassistantinastoreroomWhichofthefollowingstatementsiscorrect?（）

答案:ManagementaccountingprovidesmoreusefulinformationformanagementthanfinancialaccountingWhichofthefollowingstatementsarecharacteristicsofprocesscosting?（）

答案:Costsareaccumulatedbydepartmentorprocess.；Assumeshomogeneityofproductunits.；Suitableforcontinuousproductionsystems.Whichofthefollowingstagesinanactivity-basedbudgetingsystemshouldbecarriedoutfirst?（）

答案:EstimatetheproductionandsalesvolumebyindividualproductsandcustomersWhichofthefollowingstagesinanactivity-basedbudgetingsystemshouldbecarriedoutfirst?（）

答案:EstimatetheproductionandsalesvolumebyindividualproductsandcustomersWhichofthefollowingscenariosaresuitableforusingjob-ordercosting?（）

答案:Printshopoperations；Constructioncontracts；LegalservicesWhichofthefollowingmanagersismostlikelytoberesponsibleforanadversematerialspricevariance?（）

答案:PurchasingmanagerWhichofthefollowingmanagersismostlikelytoberesponsibleforanadverselabourefficiencyvariance?（）

答案:ProductionmanagerWhichofthefollowingisNOToneoftherolesofmanagementaccountingasdefinedbyCIMA?（）

答案:Preparestatutoryaccountsconsistingofstatementofprofitorloss,statementoffinancialpositionandcashflowstatements.WhichofthefollowingisanexampleofacostdriverinanABCsystem?（）

答案:NumberofmachinesetupsWhichofthefollowingcontrolactionscouldbetakentohelpeliminateanadversedirectlabourefficiencyvariance?i.Employmorehighlyskilledlabour.ii.Ensurestrictersupervisionoflabourworkers.iii.Askemployeestoworkpaidovertime.（）

答案:(i)and(ii)Whichofthefollowingaretrueaboutabsorptioncosting?（）

答案:Ittreatsallmanufacturingcostsasproductcosts.；Itincludesbothfixedandvariablemanufacturingoverhead.；Italignscloselywithfinancialreportingstandards.；Itisalsoknownasfullcosting.Whichofthefollowingarepotentialbenefitsofusingactivity-basedcosting?（）

答案:Moreaccuratecostofproducts/services；Enhancedcontroloveroverheadcosts；BettersupportformanagementdecisionsWhichisanexampleofashort-termfinancialrisk?（）

答案:ChangesininterestratesWhichformularepresentstheBreak-EvenPoint(BEP)inunits?（）

答案:BEP=FixedCosts/(SellingPriceperUnit-VariableCostperUnit)Whichfactorscontributetomarketrisk?（）

答案:Interestratechanges；ExchangeratefluctuationsWhichcostingsystemusesmultiplecostpoolsandcostdriverstoallocateoverheadcosts?（）

答案:Activity-basedcostingWhichcostingsystemassignscoststoindividualproductsorbatchesofproductsandiscommonlyusedincustommanufacturingenvironments?（）

答案:Job-ordercostingWhichcostingmethodfocusesonthedirectlaborandmaterialsinvolvedinproductionwhiletreatingoverheadasperiodcosts?（）

答案:ThroughputcostingWhichcostshouldnotaffectadecisionregardingfutureactions?（）

答案:SunkcostsWhicharepossibleconsequencesofhighshort-termriskexposure?（）

答案:Lowercreditrating；IncreasedsharepricevolatilityWhenimplementedcorrectly,activity-basedcostingcanhelpmanagers:（）

答案:UnderstandproductandcustomerprofitabilityWhenevaluatingaproject,theestimatedresidualvalueofequipmentattheendoftheprojectis:（）

答案:Notasunkcostbutrelevant.Whenconsideringinvestments,whichofthefollowingareimportantforassessingshort-termrisk?（）

答案:Currentmarkettrends；EconomicindicatorsWhencomparingtwoalternatives,anycostthatdoesnotdifferbetweenthemisirrelevantfordecision-making.（）

答案:對Whatwouldyouuseafixedbudgetfor?（）

答案:ToplanforexpensesthatdonotchangewithchangesinthelevelofactivityWhattypesofcostsaretypicallyassignedtoproductsinanABCsystem?（）

答案:Directmaterials；Directlabor；ManufacturingoverheadWhattypeofriskcanbediversifiedawayinaportfolioofinvestments?（）

答案:UnsystematicriskWhattoolsareusedbyfinancialanalyststodealwithuncertaintyintheshortterm?（）

答案:Sensitivityanalysis；ScenarioplanningWhatstrategiescanbusinessesusetomanageshort-termoperationalrisks?（）

答案:Increasinginventory；Cross-trainingemployeesWhatistheprimarygoalofshort-termliquiditymanagement?（）

答案:EnsuringthatthefirmcanmeetitscurrentobligationsWhatisarelevantcost?（）

答案:Acostthatwillbeincurredinthefutureanddiffersamongalternatives.Whatdoesmarginalcostingfocusonwhenanalyzingcostbehavior?（）

答案:ChangesintotalcostwithoneadditionalunitofoutputWhatdoesBreak-EvenAnalysishelpabusinessdetermine?（）

答案:ThepointatwhichrevenuesequalcostsWhatdoes'short-term'typicallyrefertoinfinancialcontexts?（）

答案:3-12monthsWhatconceptmeasuresthepotentialvariabilityofreturnsfromaninvestment?（）

答案:VolatilityUncertaintyintheshort-termcanleadtoincreasedcostsforriskmanagement.（）

答案:對TrueorFalse:Thecontributionmarginratioiscalculatedbydividingthecontributionmarginbytotalsales.（）

答案:對TrueorFalse:Thebreak-evenpointcanbecalculatedbothintermsofunitssoldandintermsofsalesrevenue.（）

答案:對TrueorFalse:Increasingfixedcostswhilekeepingallotherfactorsconstantwilllowerthebreak-evenpoint.（）

答案:錯TrueorFalse:Inbreak-evenanalysis,adecreaseinvariablecostsperunitwillresultinahigherbreak-evenpoint.（）

答案:錯TrueorFalse:Break-evenanalysisisusefulonlyformanufacturingcompanies.（）

答案:錯Throughputcostingisaconservativeapproachthatmaximizesinventoryvaluationonthebalancesheet.（）

答案:錯Throughputcostingemphasizestheimportanceofincreasingproductionthroughputovermanaginginventorylevels.（）

答案:對Thevalue-at-risk(VaR)metriccanbeappliedtoassesstheriskoflossintheshortterm.（）

答案:對Thetotalofalldirectcostsofproductionisalsoknownas:（）

答案:PrimecostThestandardmaterialcostperunitatthebeginningoftheyearwas$28(7kgperunitat$4perkg).Inthemiddleoftheyear,thestandardhadbeenrevisedto$30.4(8kgperunitat$3.8perkg)asaresultoftheshortageofthematerial.TheactualoutputforMaywas1,400units.TheplanningmaterialvarianceforMaywas:（）

答案:$3,360AdverseTheprimarypurposeofaflexiblebudgetisto:（）

答案:AllowforcomparisonatvariousactivitylevelsThematerialspricevarianceforthemonthofJanuarywas$2,000favourableandtheusagevariancewas$450favourable.Thestandardmaterialusageperunitis6kg,andthestandardmaterialpriceis$3.00perkg.600unitswereproducedintheperiodandtherewasnochangeininventorylevelsduringtheperiod.Materialpurchasesintheperiodwere:（）

答案:3,450kgThefollowingdetailshavebeenextractedfromthestandardcostcardinrespectofdirectmaterials:10kg@$6/kg=$60perunitBudgetingproductioninMonth4was8,000unitsThefollowingdetailsrelatetoactualmaterialspurchasedandissuedtoproductionduringMonth4whenactualproductionwas8,700units:Materialspurchased:90,000kgcosting$531,000Materialsissuedtoproduction:88,000kgWhatisthevalueofthematerialsefficiencyvariance?（）

答案:$6,000adverseThefollowingdatarelatetoProductZanditsrawmaterialcontentforSeptember:BudgetOutput

11,000unitsofZStandardmaterialscontent

3kgperunitat$4.00perkgActualOutput

10,000unitsofZMaterialspurchasedandused

32,000kgat$4.80perkgIthasnowbeenagreedthatthestandardpricefortherawmaterialpurchasedinSeptembershouldhavebeen$5perkg.Usingactualunitsproduced,thematerialsplanningpricevarianceforSeptemberwas:（）

答案:$30,000AdverseThefollowingdatarelatetoProductZanditsrawmaterialcontentforSeptember:BudgetOutput

11,000unitsofZStandardmaterialscontent

3kgperunitat$4.00perkgActualOutput

10,000unitsofZMaterialspurchasedandused

32,000kgat$4.80perkgIthasnowbeenagreedthatthestandardpricefortherawmaterialpurchasedinSeptembershouldhavebeen$5perkg.ThematerialsoperationalpricevarianceforSeptemberwas:（）

答案:$6,400FavourableThefollowingdatarelatetoproductBanditsrawmaterialcontentforJanuary:Budget

Output

11,000unitsofBStandardmaterialscontent

3kgperunitat$4.0perkg

ActualOutput

10,000unitsofB

Materialspurchasedandused

32,000kgat$4.8perkg

IthasnowbeenagreedthatthestandardpricefortherawmaterialpurchasedinJanuaryshouldhavebeen$5.0perkg.ThematerialsoperationalusagevarianceforJanuarywas:（）

答案:$10,000AdverseThefollowingdatarelatetoamanufacturingcompany.AtthebeginningofAugusttherewasnoinventory.DuringAugust2,000unitsofProductXwereproduced,butonly1,750unitsweresold.ThefinancialdataforProductXforAugustwereasfollows:

$Materials

40,000Labour

12,600Variableproductionoverheads

9,400Fixedproductionoverheads

22,500Variablesellingcosts

6,000Fixedsellingcosts

19,300TotalcostsforXforAugust

109,800ThevalueofinventoryofXat31Augustusingamarginalcostingapproachis:（）

答案:$7,750Thefirststepindevelopingactivity-basedcostingis:（）

答案:IdentifyingactivitiesThecostingsystemthatchargescoststocostcentersbeforeassigningthemtoproductsisknownas:（）

答案:TraditionalcostingThecostofafeasibilitystudyconductedlastyearshouldbeincludedintherelevantcostsforacurrentprojectdecision.（）

答案:錯Thecontributionmarginratioiscalculatedbydividingthecontributionmarginbytotalsales.（）

答案:對Thecontributionmarginperunitisdefinedas:（）

答案:SellingPriceperUnit-VariableCostperUnitThebreak-evenpointisalwaysastaticnumberanddoesnotchangeovertime.（）

答案:錯Thebreak-evenpointcanbecalculatedbothintermsofunitssoldandintermsofsalesrevenue.（）

答案:對Technicalanalysisismostlyirrelevantwhenassessingshort-termmarketrisks.（）

答案:錯Targetcostingisaprice-ledcostingapproachwherethesellingpriceisdeterminedfirst,followedbytheallowablecostcalculation.（）

答案:對Targetcostingbeginswith:（）

答案:Settingamarket-drivenpriceSunkcostsshouldbeconsideredwhenmakingfuturebusinessdecisions.（）

答案:錯Sunkcostsare:（）

答案:Notrelevantbecausetheyhavealreadybeenincurred.Short-termriskscanoftenbepredictedwithhigheraccuracythanlong-termrisks.（）

答案:對Short-termriskissolelyconcernedwithfinancialaspectsofabusiness.（）

答案:錯SettingupanABCsystemislesscostlyandsimplerthanmaintainingatraditionalcostingsystem.（）

答案:錯Selecttherelevantcostswhendecidingtoacceptorrejectaspecialsalesorder.（）

答案:Directmaterialsspecificallyfortheorder；Directlaborspecificallyfortheorder；VariablesellingexpensescausedbytheorderRoyaltypaymentspaidoneachunitproducedaredirectcosts.（）

答案:對Riskrelatestotheprobabilityofknownoutcomes,whileuncertaintyinvolvesunknownoutcomes.（）

答案:對Rusesastandardcostingsystemandhasthefollowinglabourcoststandardinrelationtooneofitsproducts:10hoursskilledlabourat$9.50perhour=$95.00DuringMarch20X9,6,200oftheseproductsweremadewhichwas250unitslessthanbudgeted.Thelabourcostincurredwas$596,412andthenumberofdirectlabourhoursworkedwas62,890.Thedirectlabourvariancesforthemonthwere:（）

Rate

Efficiency

答案:$1,043(F)

$8,455(A)Processcostingisbestsuitedforwhichtypeofproduction?（）

答案:PetroleumrefiningPossiblecostdriversinanABCsystemmayinclude:（）

答案:Squarefootage；Machinehours；Numberofdeliveries；QuantityofmaterialsorderedPlanningvarianceisuncontrollable.（）

答案:對Overheadswillalwaysbeover-absorbedwhen:（）

答案:actualoverheadsincurredarelowerthantheamountabsorbedOverheadswillalwaysbeover-absorbedinwhichofthesecircumstances:（）

答案:Actualoverheadsincurredarelowerthantheamountabsorbed.Opportunitycostsdonotrepresentactualcashoutflowsandthusarenotrelevant.（）

答案:錯OperationB,inafactory,hasastandardtimeof15minutes.Thestandardrateofpayforoperativesis$10perhour.Thebudgetforaperiodwasbasedoncarryingouttheoperation350times.ItwassubsequentlyrealisedthatthestandardtimeforOperationBincludedinthebudgetdidnotincorporateexpectedtimesavingsfromtheuseofnewmachineryfromthestartoftheperiod.Thestandardtimeshouldhavebeenreducedto12minutes.OperationBwasactuallycarriedout370timesintheperiodinatotalof80hours.Theoperativeswerepaid$850.Theoperationallabourefficiencyvariancewas:（）

答案:$60adverseOnlylong-termriskscanimpactacompany'sstrategicobjectives.（）

答案:錯OnelimitationofABCisthatitcannotassistineliminatingnon-value-addingactivities.（）

答案:錯Marginalcostingtreatsfixedproductionoverheadsasaperiodcost,absorptioncostingtreatsfixedproductionoverheadsasaproductcost.（）

答案:對Life-cyclecostingisbeneficialforcompaniesthatengageinshort-termplanningonly.（）

答案:錯Increasingfixedcostswhilekeepingallotherfactorsconstantwilllowerthebreak-evenpoint.（）

答案:錯Inwhichscenarioisafixedbudgetmostappropriate?（）

答案:AstableproductionandsalesenvironmentInthelongterm,allcostsarecontrollable.（）

答案:對Inthecontextofshort-termplanning,whatisnormallythefocusofriskmanagement?（）

答案:CashflowstabilityInthecontextofbreak-evenanalysis,"marginofsafety"refersto:（）

答案:Thedifferencebetweenactualsalesandbreak-evensales.Inprocesscosting,eachunitproducedisconsideredtohavethesameamountofdirectcosts.（）

答案:對Inmake-or-buydecisions,relevantcostsinclude:（）

答案:Futureavoidablecostsonly.Injob-ordercosting,eachjobmayhaveadifferentcostduetovariationsinspecificationsandordersize.（）

答案:對Inbreak-evenanalysis,adecreaseinvariablecostsperunitwillresultinahigherbreak-evenpoint.（）

答案:錯InanABCsystem,indirectcostsarealwaysallocatedbasedonasinglecostdriver.（）

答案:錯Ifthesellingpriceofaproductis$20,variablecostperunitis$12,andfixedcostsare$8000,whatisthebreak-evenpointinunits?（）

答案:400unitsIfinventorylevelshaveincreasedduringtheperiod.theprofitcalculatedusingmarginalcostingwhencomparedwiththatcalculatedusingabsorptioncostingwillbe:（）

答案:LowerIdentifythekeyfeaturesoftargetcosting.（）

答案:Productpricingbasedonmarketconditions；Costcontrolisproactive；EmphasisondesignanddevelopmentstagesIdentifythecoststhatarerelevantfordecision-making.（）

答案:Differentialcosts；Avoidablecosts；OpportunitycostsHowdoesaflexiblebudgetcontributetovarianceanalysis?（）

答案:ByprovidingbenchmarksthatadapttochangesinactivityFullcostingensuresthatallcostsincurredinproducingaproductareattributedtothatproduct.（）

答案:對Forcapitalbudgetingdecisions,whichcostsshouldbeconsidered?（）

答案:Potentialtaxeffectsoftheinvestment；Incrementaloperatingcosts；CashinflowsfromthedisposalofoldequipmentFlexiblebudgetsaremoretime-consumingtopreparethanfixedbudgetsbecausetheyrequireanalysisatseveralactivitylevels.（）

答案:對Flexiblebudgetsallowbusinessestocreatemultiplebudgetscenariosbasedondifferentlevelsofactivity.（）

答案:對Fixedcostsareconventionallydeemedtobe:（）

答案:ConstantintotalwhenproductionvolumechangesFixedbudgetsareparticularlyhelpfulwhenacompanyfacesavolatilemarketwithunpredictablesales.（）

答案:錯Fixedbudgetsareoftencriticizedforbeing:（）

答案:InflexibleElectricitycostsforrunningthefactoryaredirectcosts.（）

答案:錯EFGisamanufacturerofelectroniccomponents.Duringthelatestperiodthenumberoflaborhoursworkedwas1,000.Thewagespaidamountedto$14,500andthelaborratevariancewas$1,300adverse.Thestandardlaborrateperhourwas:（）

答案:$13.20Diversificationcaneliminatealltypesofrisk,includingsystematicrisk.（）

答案:錯Break-evenanalysisisusefulonlyformanufacturingcompanies.（）

答案:錯Backflushcostingisasimplifiedaccountingsystemthatappliescoststoproductsaftertheyarecompleted.（）

答案:對Backflushcostingeliminatestheneedfordetailedtrackingofcoststhroughouttheproductionprocess.（）

答案:對Anorganisationpaystheminimumacceptablelabourratetoitsstaffof$22perhour.Eachunitproducedrequires5hoursoflabour.InMonth6,budgetedproductionwas400unitsandactualproductionwas500units.$57,575wasactuallyspenton2,450hoursoflabour.Ithassubsequentlybeennotedthattheminimumacceptablehourlyrateoflabourshouldhavebeensetat$23perhour.WhatisthelabourrateoperationalvarianceforMonth6?（）

答案:$1,225adverseAllfuturecostsarerelevantwhenitcomestodecision-making.（）

答案:錯Alderholtusesactivitybasedcostingtoallocateitsoverheads.Thefollowinginformationisprovidedforthesupervisorcost:

Budget

ActualTotalemployees

5,000

5,500Numberofsupervisors

75

77Supervisorcost

$7,500

$8,085Whatwasthetotalvarianceforthesupervisorcost?（）

答案:$165FavourableActivity-basedcostingrequirestheidentificationofcostdriversrelatedtospecificactivities.（）

答案:對Activity-basedcostingisasystemthat:（）

答案:AssignscoststoactivitiesbasedontheiruseofresourcesActivity-basedcostingcanbeappliedinbothmanufacturingandserviceindustries.（）

答案:對Activity-basedcostingcanaidintheprocessofcontinuousimprovement.（）

答案:對ActivitiesidentifiedinanABCsystemcouldinclude:（）

答案:Settingupmachines；Inspectingproducts；DesigningnewproductsAccordingtotheelementsofthecosts,thevariablecostvariancescanbedivided:（）

答案:Directmaterialvariance；Directlaborvariance；VariableoverheadvarianceAbsorptioncostingisnotallowedforexternalfinancialreportingaccordingtoGenerallyAcceptedAccountingPrinciples(GAAP).（）

答案:錯ABCismostbeneficialwhenacompanyhashomogeneousproductsorservices.（）

答案:錯ABCcanbeusedonlyinmanufacturingcompaniesandnotinserviceorganizations.（）

答案:錯Amanufacturingcompanywouldlikelypreferwhichtypeofbudget?（）

答案:FlexibleBudgetAmajorlimitationofafixedbudgetisthatit:（）

答案:DoesnotprovidearealisticbenchmarkforperformanceifvolumesvaryAhighlevelofliquidityisundesirableformanagingshort-termoperationalrisks.（）

答案:錯Aflexiblebudgetisprimarilydesignedto:（）

答案:AdjustaccordingtoactivitylevelsAflexiblebudgetispreparedatthebeginningofthebudgetingperiodbasedonpredictednumbersandremainsconstantthereafter.（）

答案:錯Aflexiblebudgetcanbedefinedas:（）

答案:Varied,withrevenuesandexpensesthatchangeinrelationtobusinessactivityAfixedbudgetisusuallyprepared:（）

答案:AnnuallyAfixedbudgetisrevisedfrequentlythroughoutthebudgetperiod.（）

答案:錯Afixedbudgetisalsoknownasa:（）

答案:StaticbudgetAfixedbudgetassumesthattherewillbenochangesinoperatingconditionsduringtheperiod.（）

答案:對Acompanyusesstandardabsorptioncosting.ThefollowinginformationwasrecordedbythecompanyforOctober

Budget

ActualOutputandsales(units)

8,700

8,200Sellingpriceperunit

$26

$31Variablecostperunit

$10

$10Totalfixedoverheads

$34,800

$37,000ThesalesvolumeprofitvarianceforOctoberwas:（）

答案:$6,000AdverseAcompanyusesstandardabsorptioncosting.ThefollowinginformationwasrecordedbythecompanyforOctober

Budget

ActualOut