麻醉英文面試題及答案

一、單項選擇題（每題2分，共20分）

1.WhichofthefollowingisNOTaprimaryfunctionofanesthesia?

A.Painrelief

B.Amnesia

C.Musclerelaxation

D.Antibioticprophylaxis

2.Themostcommonmethodofgeneralanesthesiainductionis:

A.Inhalation

B.Intravenous

C.Oral

D.Rectal

3.WhichofthefollowingdrugsisNOTusedforanesthesia?

A.Propofol

B.Fentanyl

C.Aspirin

D.Rocuronium

4.Whatistheprimaryconcernwhenadministeringlocalanesthesia?

A.Painattheinjectionsite

B.Allergicreaction

C.Infection

D.Systemictoxicity

5.WhichofthefollowingisNOTatypeofregionalanesthesia?

A.Spinal

B.Epidural

C.General

D.Peripheralnerveblock

6.Themostcommoncauseofpostoperativenauseaandvomiting(PONV)is:

A.Opioidadministration

B.Hypoxia

C.Hypotension

D.Hyperthermia

7.WhichofthefollowingisNOTariskfactorformalignanthyperthermia?

A.Geneticpredisposition

B.Useofvolatileanesthetics

C.Hypothermia

D.Highambienttemperature

8.Theprimarygoalofpreoperativefastingisto:

A.Preventaspirationpneumonia

B.Facilitateintravenousaccess

C.Enhancedrugabsorption

D.Improvepatientcomfort

9.WhichofthefollowingisNOTacomponentoftheanesthesiamachine?

A.Vaporizer

B.Oxygensource

C.Suctionmachine

D.Bloodpressuremonitor

10.Themostcommoncauseofintraoperativeawarenessis:

A.Anestheticoverdose

B.Anestheticunderdose

C.Patient'sresistancetoanesthesia

D.Equipmentmalfunction

答案

1.D

2.A

3.C

4.D

5.C

6.A

7.C

8.A

9.C

10.B

二、多項選擇題（每題2分，共20分）

1.Whichofthefollowingareconsideredessentialcomponentsofabalancedanesthesiatechnique?

A.Analgesics

B.Amnestics

C.Musclerelaxants

D.Antiemetics

2.ThefollowingarecontraindicationsforregionalanesthesiaEXCEPT:

A.Patientrefusal

B.Coagulopathy

C.Localinfectionatthesite

D.Pregnancy

3.Whichofthefollowingdrugscanbeusedforsedationintheperioperativeperiod?

A.Midazolam

B.Propofol

C.Morphine

D.Dexmedetomidine

4.ThefollowingarepotentialcomplicationsofspinalanesthesiaEXCEPT:

A.Postduralpunctureheadache

B.Nauseaandvomiting

C.Respiratorydepression

D.Hypotension

5.Whichofthefollowingareconsideredriskfactorsforpostoperativecognitivedysfunction?

A.Advancedage

B.Preoperativecognitiveimpairment

C.Prolongeddurationofsurgery

D.Useofbenzodiazepines

6.ThefollowingareindicationsforpostoperativemechanicalventilationEXCEPT:

A.Respiratoryfailure

B.Airwayprotection

C.Paincontrol

D.Patientrequest

7.Whichofthefollowingareconsideredcomponentsoftheanesthesiapreoperativeassessment?

A.Patient'smedicalhistory

B.Physicalexamination

C.Laboratorytests

D.Familyplanning

8.ThefollowingarepotentialsideeffectsofopioidsduringanesthesiaEXCEPT:

A.Respiratorydepression

B.Pruritus

C.Bradycardia

D.Hyperalgesia

9.ThefollowingareconsideredindicationsforemergencysurgeryEXCEPT:

A.Perforatedviscus

B.Acuteappendicitis

C.Electiveherniarepair

D.Ectopicpregnancy

10.Whichofthefollowingareconsideredcomponentsofpostoperativepainmanagement?

A.Opioids

B.Non-opioidanalgesics

C.Physicaltherapy

D.Regionalanesthesiatechniques

答案

1.A,B,C

2.D

3.A,B,D

4.C

5.A,B,C

6.C,D

7.A,B,C

8.C

9.C

10.A,B,D

三、判斷題（每題2分，共20分）

1.TrueorFalse:Theminimumalveolarconcentration(MAC)ofananestheticisthelowestconcentrationatwhich50%ofpatientswillnotrespondtoasurgicalincision.

T

2.TrueorFalse:Allergicreactionstolocalanestheticsarecommonandcanbelife-threatening.

F

3.TrueorFalse:Thebispectralindex(BIS)isamonitorusedtoassessthedepthofanesthesia.

T

4.TrueorFalse:Hypothermiaisariskfactorforpostoperativeinfection.

T

5.TrueorFalse:Theuseofnitrousoxideasananestheticcanleadtoexpansionofair-filledspacesinthebody.

T

6.TrueorFalse:Preoperativebeta-blockertherapyshouldbediscontinuedinallpatientsbeforesurgery.

F

7.TrueorFalse:Theriskofmalignanthyperthermiaisincreasedwiththeuseofsuccinylcholine.

T

8.TrueorFalse:Themostcommoncauseofpostoperativerespiratorydepressionisopioidoverdose.

T

9.TrueorFalse:Preoperativefastingguidelinesrecommendthatclearliquidscanbeconsumedupto2hoursbeforesurgery.

T

10.TrueorFalse:Theriskofaspirationduringinductionofanesthesiaishigherinpatientswithafullstomach.

T

答案

1.T

2.F

3.T

4.T

5.T

6.F

7.T

8.T

9.T

10.T

四、簡答題（每題5分，共20分）

1.Whatarethethreemaincomponentsofabalancedanesthesiatechnique?

2.Describethesignsandsymptomsofananaphylacticreactiontoananestheticdrug.

3.Whatarethepotentialbenefitsofusingregionalanesthesiaovergeneralanesthesia?

4.Explaintheconceptofthe"ABCDE"approachinthemanagementoftheairway.

答案

1.Thethreemaincomponentsofabalancedanesthesiatechniqueareanalgesics(toprovidepainrelief),hypnotics(toinduceunconsciousness),andmusclerelaxants(tofacilitatesurgicalaccess).

2.Signsandsymptomsofananaphylacticreactiontoananestheticdrugmayincludehives,rash,bronchospasm,hypotension,tachycardia,andinseverecases,cardiovascularcollapseanddeath.

3.Potentialbenefitsofusingregionalanesthesiaovergeneralanesthesiaincludereducedriskofaspiration,betterpreservationofprotectiveairwayreflexes,lowerincidenceofpostoperativecognitivedysfunction,andpotentiallyfasterrecoverytimes.

4.The"ABCDE"approachinthemanagementoftheairwaystandsforAirway,Breathing,Circulation,Disability,andExposure.Itisasystematicapproachtoassessandmanageapatient'sairway,ensuringitisclearandmaintainingadequateoxygenationandventilation.

五、討論題（每題5分，共20分）

1.Discusstheroleoftheanesthesiologistintheperioperativeperiod.

2.Whataretheethicalconsiderationswhenadministeringanesthesiatopediatricpatients?

3.Howdoesthechoiceofanestheticagentsaffecttheenvironmentandwhatmeasurescanbetakentominimizethisimpact?

4.Whatarethechallengesinmanagingpostoperativepaininpatientswithchronicpainconditions?

答案

1.Theanesthesiologistplaysacriticalroleintheperioperativeperiod,ensuringthepatient'ssafetyandcomfort.Theyareresponsibleformonitoringthepatient'svitalsigns,administeringanesthesia,andmanaginganycomplicationsthatmayariseduringsurgery.

2.Ethicalconsiderationswhenadministeringanesthesiatopediatricpatientsincludeobtaininginformedconsentfromtheparentsorguardians,consideringthechild'sdevelopmentals