2018年6月大學英語四級考試真題及答案（第1套）一、寫作Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayontheimportanceofreadingabilityandhowtodevelopit.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsbutnomorethan180words.Readingabilityisofgreatsignificanceinmodernsociety.Intheeraofinformationexplosion,weareconstantlybombardedwithvarioustexts,whetherinacademicstudies,dailywork,orpersonallife.Agoodreadingabilityenablesustoquicklyandaccuratelyunderstandtheinformationconveyedinthesetexts,whichiscrucialforlearningnewknowledge,makinginformeddecisions,andimprovingouroverallcognitivelevel.Todevelopreadingability,first,weshouldreadwidely.Readingdifferenttypesofmaterialssuchasnovels,newspapers,magazines,andacademicpaperscanexposeustodiversewritingstyles,vocabulary,andknowledgedomains.Second,weneedtopracticereadingregularly.Setasideaspecifictimeeachdayforreading,andgraduallyincreasethereadingspeedandcomprehensionability.Third,learnsomereadingstrategies,likeskimmingtogetthemainideaandscanningforspecificinformation.二、聽力理解（一）短對話1.M:I'mthinkingaboutgettinganewphone.Whatdoyouthink?W:Well,youjustgotthatnewphonelastmonth.There'snoneedtochangeitsosoon.Q:Whatdoesthewomanimply?A.Themandoesn'tneedanewphoneyet.B.Themanshouldwaitforabetterdeal.C.Themanshouldbuyanewtypeofphone.D.Themancangetanewphoneforfree.答案：A。女人提到男人上個月剛買了新手機，沒必要這么快換，即暗示男人目前不需要新手機。2.M:I'mreallytiredofthisrainyweather.W:Metoo.Ithasbeenrainingfordays.Ihopeitwillclearupsoon.Q:Whataretheytalkingabout?A.Theman'shealth.B.Theweather.C.Thewoman'swork.D.Anewplan.答案：B。兩人對話圍繞討厭的雨天以及希望天氣放晴，可知討論的是天氣。（二）長對話Conversation1W:Hi,Mark.Howwasyourweekend?M:Itwasgreat.Iwenttothebeachwithmyfamily.Thesunwasshining,andthewaterwassoclear.W:Soundswonderful.Didyoudoanythingelse?M:Yeah,wealsowentfishing.Icaughtafewsmallfish.W:That'scool.Howaboutthefoodthere?M:Theseafoodwasreallyfreshanddelicious.Wehadabigmeal.3.WheredidMarkgolastweekend?A.Tothemountains.B.Tothebeach.C.Tothepark.D.Tothezoo.答案：B。Mark明確表示周末和家人去了海灘。4.WhatelsedidMarkdoattheplace?A.Wenthiking.B.Wentshopping.C.Wentfishing.D.Wentcycling.答案：C。Mark提到還去釣魚了。Conversation2W:Hello,thisisthecustomerservice.HowcanIhelpyou?M:Iboughtadressfromyourstoreonlinelastweek.ButwhenIreceivedit,Ifoundtherewasaholeinit.W:I'msorrytohearthat.Wecanofferyouarefundorsendyouanewone.M:I'dpreferanewone.W:Noproblem.Canyoutellmeyourordernumber?5.What'stheproblemwiththedress?A.It'sthewrongsize.B.Ithasastain.C.Ithasahole.D.It'soutofstyle.答案：C。男士反饋收到的裙子有個洞。6.Whatdoesthemanwant?A.Arefund.B.Adiscount.C.Anewdress.D.Afreegift.答案：C。男士表示更喜歡換一件新裙子。（三）短文理解Passage1Therearemanybenefitsofreadingbooks.Readingcanexpandourknowledge.Itallowsustolearnaboutdifferentcultures,histories,andideasfromallovertheworld.Readingalsohelpstoimproveourlanguageskills.Wecanlearnnewwords,grammar,andsentencestructures.Moreover,readingisagreatwaytorelax.Whenwereadagoodbook,wecanforgetaboutourworriesandenteradifferentworld.7.Whatisoneofthebenefitsofreadingaccordingtothepassage?A.Itcanmakeuswealthy.B.Itcanexpandourknowledge.C.Itcanmakeuspopular.D.Itcanimproveourappearance.答案：B。文中明確提到閱讀可以擴展我們的知識。8.Howcanreadinghelpwithlanguageskills?A.Byteachingusmath.B.Byincreasingourvocabulary.C.Bymakingusmoreathletic.D.Byimprovingourmemory.答案：B。閱讀能讓我們學習新單詞、語法和句子結構，也就是增加詞匯量來幫助提高語言技能。Passage2Manypeopleliketotravelduringtheirholidays.Travelingcanbeagreatwaytorelaxandlearnnewthings.Somepeopleprefertotravelalonebecausetheycandowhattheywantattheirownpace.Othersliketotravelwithfriendsorfamily.Itcanbemorefunandtheycansharetheexperiences.9.Whydosomepeopleprefertotravelalone?A.Becausetheycansavemoney.B.Becausetheycanhavemorefreedom.C.Becausetheydon'tlikeothers.D.Becausetheyareafraidofgettinglost.答案：B。文中提到有些人喜歡獨自旅行是因為可以按照自己的節奏做想做的事，即有更多自由。10.Whatcanpeopledowhentravelingwithfriendsorfamily?A.Arguewitheachother.B.Sharetheexperiences.C.Stayindifferenthotels.D.Eatdifferentfoods.答案：B。提到和朋友或家人一起旅行更有趣且能分享經歷。三、閱讀理解（一）詞匯理解Whenwethinkofleadership,weoftenthinkofstrengthandpower.Butwhatarethesereally,andhowdotheyoperate?Leadershiptodayisnotaboutforcingotherstodothings.Ifthisisevenpossible,itisshort-term,andtendstobackfire.Thetruestrengthofleadershipisaninnerstrengththatcomesfromtheconfidenceofemotionalintelligence-knowingyourownemotions,andhowtohandlethem,andthoseofothers.Emotionalintelligenceincludesself-awareness,self-regulation,motivation,empathy,andsocialskills.Thesequalitiesarenotfixed,andcanbedeveloped.Forexample,leaderswhoaregoodatself-awarenessareabletorecognizetheirownstrengthsandweaknesses.Theycanalsounderstandhowtheiremotionsaffectothers.Leaderswithself-regulationcancontroltheirimpulsesandadapttochangingsituations.11.Theword“backfire”inthesecondparagraphprobablymeans______.A.haveanoppositeresultB.causeangerC.makeanoiseD.bemorepowerful答案：A。前文說強迫別人做事即使可能也是短期的，可推測“backfire”是指產生相反的結果。12.Emotionalintelligencedoesnotinclude______.A.self-awarenessB.physicalstrengthC.self-regulationD.empathy答案：B。文中明確提到情商包括自我意識、自我調節、動力、同理心和社交技能，不包括體力。（二）長篇閱讀Passage[A]Intoday'sdigitalage,theamountofinformationavailableisoverwhelming.Fromnewsarticlestosocialmediaposts,weareconstantlybombardedwithdata.However,notallofthisinformationisreliable.Oneofthebiggestchallengeswefaceisdistinguishingbetweenfactandfiction.[B]Fact-checkinghasbecomeanimportantpartofourlives.Manyorganizationsandindividualsarenowdedicatedtoverifyingtheaccuracyofinformation.Forexample,somewebsitesfocusonfact-checkingpoliticalstatements.Theyanalyzetheclaimsmadebypoliticiansandprovideevidencetosupportorrefutethem.[C]Socialmediaplatformsalsoplayaroleinthespreadofinformation.Whiletheycanbeagreatsourceofnewsandupdates,theyarealsopronetothespreadoffalseinformation.Fakenewscanspreadlikewildfireontheseplatforms,causingconfusionandmisinformation.[D]Tocombatthespreadoffalseinformation,weneedtobemorecriticalconsumersofinformation.Weshouldquestionthesourceoftheinformation,lookformultiplesourcestoconfirmaclaim,andbewaryofsensationalheadlines.[E]Anotherimportantaspectismedialiteracy.Byeducatingourselvesabouthowthemediaworks,wecanbetterunderstandthemotivesbehindtheinformationwereceive.Forexample,somemediaoutletsmayhaveaparticularagenda,andtheirreportingmaybeinfluencedbythat.[F]Inaddition,technologycanalsobeusedtohelpwithfact-checking.Therearenowtoolsavailablethatcananalyzetextandidentifypotentialfalsehoods.Thesetoolscanbeveryusefulinquicklyverifyingtheaccuracyofinformation.13.Whichparagraphmentionsthatweshouldbecriticalconsumersofinformationtofightfalseinformation?A.ParagraphAB.ParagraphDC.ParagraphED.ParagraphF答案：B。D段明確提出為了抵制虛假信息傳播，我們要成為更具批判性的信息消費者。14.Whichparagraphtalksabouttheroleofsocialmediaininformationspread?A.ParagraphAB.ParagraphBC.ParagraphCD.ParagraphE答案：C。C段論述了社交媒體在信息傳播中的作用，以及其容易傳播虛假信息的問題。（三）仔細閱讀Passage1Theimportanceofsleepisoftenoverlookedbystudentswhentheyarepreparingforexams.Researchhasshownthatsleepisessentialformemoryconsolidation.Whenwesleep,ourbrainsprocessandstoretheinformationwehavelearnedduringtheday.Lackofsleepcanleadtopoormemoryandreducedcognitivefunction.Inaddition,sleepalsoaffectsourphysicalhealth.Agoodnight'ssleepcanboostourimmunesystem,makinguslesslikelytogetsick.Ontheotherhand,sleepdeprivationcanincreasetheriskofvarioushealthproblems,suchasheartdiseaseandobesity.15.Whyissleepimportantforstudentsduringexampreparation?A.Ithelpswithmemoryconsolidation.B.Itmakesthemmoreenergetic.C.Itreducesstress.D.Itimprovestheirmood.答案：A。文中明確提到睡眠對記憶鞏固至關重要，學生備考時大腦需要在睡眠中處理和儲存白天所學信息。16.Whatcanlackofsleepleadto?A.Betterconcentration.B.Improvedimmunesystem.C.Poormemoryandreducedcognitivefunction.D.Fasterrecoveryfromillness.答案：C。原文指出睡眠不足會導致記憶力差和認知功能下降。Passage2Onlineshoppinghasbecomeincreasinglypopularinrecentyears.Itoffersmanyadvantages,suchasconvenienceandawiderangeofproducts.Consumerscanshopfromthecomfortoftheirownhomesandhavetheproductsdeliveredtotheirdoorsteps.However,onlineshoppingalsohassomedisadvantages.Oneofthemainproblemsisthelackofphysicalinspection.Consumerscannottouchortryontheproductsbeforebuying.Thiscanleadtodissatisfactionwhentheproductsdonotmeettheirexpectations.17.Whatisanadvantageofonlineshopping?A.Lowprices.B.Convenience.C.Goodcustomerservice.D.High-qualityproducts.答案：B。文中提到網購的優點包括便利，消費者可以在家舒適購物并送貨上門。18.Whatisadisadvantageofonlineshopping?A.Limitedproductvariety.B.Highshippingcosts.C.Lackofphysicalinspection.D.Longdeliverytime.答案：C。明確指出網購的一個主要問題是不能對商品進行實物檢查。四、翻譯中國的家庭觀念與其文化傳統有關。和睦的大家庭曾非常令人羨慕。過去四代同堂并不少見。不過，隨著社會的發展，這種傳統的大家庭逐漸被核心家庭所取代。許多老年人選擇和子女分開住，因為他們希望有更多的個人空間。年輕人也更愿意擁有自己獨立的生活。核心家庭在現代社會中變得越來越普遍。TheconceptoffamilyinChinaisrelatedtoitsculturaltraditions.Aharmoniousextendedfamilyusedtobeveryenviable.Inthepast,itwasnotuncommonforfourgenerationstoliveunderoneroof.However,withthedevelopmentofsociety,thistraditionalextendedfamilyhasgraduallybeenreplacedbythenuclearfamily.Manyelderlypeoplechoosetoliveseparatelyfromtheirchildrenbecausetheyhopetohavemorepersonalspace.Youngpeoplealsoprefertohavetheirownindependentlives.Thenuclearfamilyhasbecomemoreandmorecommoninmodernsociety.五、完型填空Inrecentyears,theworldhaswitnessedagrowinginterestinsustainableliving.Peoplearebecomingmore19oftheenvironmentalimpactoftheiractions.Theyarelookingforwaystoreducewaste,conserveenergy,andprotecttheplanet.Oneofthemostpopularwaystolivesustainablyistouserenewableenergysources.Solarpanelsandwindturbinesare20becomingmorecommoninmanypartsoftheworld.Thesesourcesofenergyarecleanandcanhelpreduceourdependenceonfossilfuels.Anotherimportantaspectofsustainablelivingisreducingwaste.Peopleareencouragedtorecycle,reuse,andcompost.Bydoingso,wecan21theamountofwastethatgoestolandfills.19.A.awareB.afraidC.fondD.proud答案：A。beawareof是固定搭配，意為“意識到”，這里說人們越來越意識到自己行為對環境的影響。20.A.suddenlyB.graduallyC.rarelyD.quickly答案：B。太陽能板和風力渦輪機在世界許多地方逐漸變得更常見，gradually表示“逐漸地”符合語境。21.A.increaseB.reduceC.measureD.collect答案：B。前文提到減少浪費，可知這里是說通過回收、再利用和堆肥可以減少進入垃圾填埋場的垃圾量。六、語法與詞匯單項選擇22.Theprofessor,togetherwith