Unit5AdelicateworldStartingout&UnderstandingideasBYMICHELLEStartingoutPart01Whatisanecosystem?Howmanyecosystemsdoyouknow?AwonderfulserenityhastakenpossessAwonderfulserenityhastakenpossessAwonderfulserenityhastakenpossesstundra/'t?ndr?/凍原

glassland溫帶草原（接近苔原）steppe溫帶草原（樹少的）taiga/'ta?ɡ?/北方針葉林prairie/?pre?ri/北美草原intertidalzone/?nt?'ta?d?l/潮間帶savannah/s?'v?n?/熱帶草原desert/?dez?t/沙漠subtidalzone/s?b'ta?dl/潮下帶AwonderfulserenityhastakenpossessAwonderfulserenityhastakenpossessAwonderfulserenityhastakenpossesscontinentalshelf大陸架tropicalrainforests熱帶雨林wetlands濕地deepoceanzone深海區Articicepacks北極浮冰estuary/?estju?ri/港灣temperaterainforests溫帶雨林marinemudflat海洋泥灘deciduousforests落葉森林??Watchthevideoandanswerthequestions.ArehumanspartofEarth’secosystems?Why?Inwhatwayscanhumansaffectecosystems?

ArehumanspartofEarth’secosystems?Why?It’svitalforourhumanbeingstotakeactiontoprotectourEarth.Yes!HumansarepartofEarth’secosystem.Weshouldbeinharmonywithourenvironment.Becauseallthelivingthingsliveinecosystemsandpeoplearelivingthings.Inwhatwayscanhumansaffectecosystems?Positive:peoplecanplanttrees,feedandprotectanimals,recyclethingsandsoon.Negative:Theairandwaterpollutionandexcessivewaste.Lookatthesatelliteimages.AralSeaLocatedinCentralAsia,betweenKazakhstamtothenorthandUzbekistantothesouthThefourthlargestlake(1960s)Justfoursmallerlakes(NOW)WatchthechangeofAralSea,answerthequestions.Whatishappeningtothearea?Thewaterareaisshrinking.Thewaterareawillbesmaller.Whatdoyouthinkalatersatelliteimagewouldshow?Whatdoyouthinkcausedthesechanges?TheirrigationprojectClimatechangeVegetationDamage...UnderstandingideasPart02LeadinLookatthepictureandanswerthequestions.Whatanimalscanyouseeinthepicture?Whatkindofchangeswouldtakeplace

ifcats,ratsandrabbitswereintroducedtoanenvironmentlikethis? Penguins.Theywouldhuntthebirdsandeatthenativevegetation,thusupsettingthelocalecologicalbalance.ReadthepassageandfindoutwhathappenedtoMacquarieIsland.Pre-readingHowmuchdoyouknowaboutMacquarieIsland?Whie-readingLookthroughthepassagewiththefollowingquestions.Matchtheparagraph(s)withcorrectmainideas.Para.1Para.2-3Para.4-5Para.6Chaoscausedbyhumans.Theprocessofpreservation.Theintroductionoftheisland.Theauthor’smission.Choosetheauthor’spurposeinwritingthepassageandgiveyourreasons.1ToanalysehowMacquarieIslandwassavedfromdestruction.2ToinformreadersofthechaoscausedonMacquarieIslandbyhumans.3ToentertainreaderswithafunnystoryaboutwhathappenedonMacquarieIsland.4Tosuggestwaysinwhichanecosystemcanbeprotected.IntheSouth-westPacificocean,halfwaybetweenAustraliaandAntarctic.LocationLongandthinshapecausedbystrongwindsandstormyseas.ShapeGreengrass;barerock;awildandnaturalbeauty.LandscapeRoyalpenguins;kingpenguins;elephantseals.InhabitantsFromwhataspectsdoesthewriterintroducetheislandinpara.1?CarefulreadingMacquarieIslandUNESCOWorldHeritageSiteWhathappenedtoMacquarieIslandbefore1970saccordingtopara.2-3?AtragicstoryHumansarrivedontheisland.unknowinglybroughtbroughtattackeatcontroldevelopanappetiteDieoutMeanwhile,rabbitswereintroducedtotheislandasasourceoffoodforhumans.multipliedquicklyeatthenativevegetationdiggingholescausesoilerosionmorerabbitsmeansmorecatshuntingFillinthefollowingblankswithinformationinpara.4-5Time

Inthe1970sInthe1980smeasuresresultsTheremaining10,000rabbits?Thelargenumberofmiceandrats?Disastrousresultsin2006CausedsomelandtocollapseKilledasubstantialnumberofpenguinsRemovealltheinvadingspeciesonceandforall.Becameanofficialnaturereserve;AviruswasreleasedtocontrolrabbitsTrapsanddogs-catchthecats.Rabbitswerereducedto10,000.Thecats-nativebirds.Thelastcatwascaughtin2000.Ratsstartedtoincrease.Readpara.6withthefollowingquestions.What’stheauthor’smissionontheisland?Removethelastremaininginvadingspecies.Howdoyouunderstandthesentence“wehumanoweittotheislandtogiveitahappyending.”attheendofthepassage?Itishumansthathavecausedgreatdamagetotheislandanditisourdutytohelpitreturntonormal.WhathappenedtoMacquarieIsland？Non-nativespeciesintroducedtoMacquarieIslandattackednativebirds,andledtoasubstantialreductionofbirdpopulationandeventheextinctionofparakeets.Inaddition,non-nativespeciesateanddevastatedthenativevegetation.Allofthisplayedapartinupsettingthenaturalharmonyoftheisland.Butnowtheisland’secologyisontheroadtorecoverywithhumanefforts.Organiseinformationfromthepassageandcompletetheflowchart.TalkabouthowhumaninterferenceledtosuchsevereconsequencesforMacquarieIsland.Post-readingDoyouthinkitwasrighttoeradicate

the“pests”fromMacquarieIsland?Giveyourreasons.Howcouldsimilarsituationsbeavoidedinthefuture?Whatlanguagecanyouusetotalkaboutcauseandeffect?Howwouldyouapplyitto

yourreadingandwriting?Toavoidsimilarsituationsinthefuture,weshouldprotectthenaturalecosystemandbeawareofthepotentialimpactthathumanactivitiescanhaveonecosystems.HumanbeautySummarychaosconservationharmonyHumansbrokethebalanceoftheecosystem.Humanstriedtoconservetheecosystem.Withourjointefforts,ourcountryissuretobecomeamorehospitableplace.Weshouldliveharmoniouslywithnature.LanguagepointsPart03...existedinperfectharmonywiththeirnaturalhabitatforthousandsofyears.數千年來，……與其自然棲息地完美地和諧共存。inharmonywith與……和諧；與……一致【歸納拓展】live/workinharmony融洽地生活/工作harmoniousadj.和睦的，融洽的；悅耳的；協調的◆完成句子(1)Humanlifeisregardedaspartofnatureandtheonlywayforustosurviveisto___________________________（與自然和諧相處）.(2)Thecoloursintheroomaren’t___________________________（彼此不協調）.◆單句語法填空(3)

Theskyandtheseamakea

（harmony）picture.liveinharmonywithnature

inharmonywitheachother

harmoniousMeanwhile，rabbitswereintroducedtotheislandasasourceoffoodforhumans.與此同時，人們把兔子引進島上作為食物。introduce...to/into...把……引入……【歸納拓展】introduceoneself（tosb.）（向某人作）自我介紹

introducesb.tosb.把某人介紹給某人【誤區警示】introduce后不能接雙賓語，即不可以說introducesb.sth.。他給我們介紹了那個新來的人。Heintroducedusthenewcomer.（×）Heintroducedthenewcomertous.（√）【單詞積累】introductionn.介紹；引進；序言◆單句語法填空(1)Manynewmethodsofteachinghavebeenintroduced________ourschoolsincelastyear.(2)He_______________（introduce）toMrBlackatthatpartyyesterday.(3)

Shesearchedforthe_____________（introduce）ofyogaonthewebsite.◆完成句子(4)Doyouknowwhenthepotatoes____________________________（被引入中國）?(5)Hejustwalkedoverand________________________（向我作自我介紹）.to/into

wasintroduced

introduction

wereintroducedto/intoChina

introducedhimselftomeLooseontheisland，theydidwhatrabbitsdobest—theymultipliedrapidly...由于在島上放任其生存，兔子做了自己最擅長的事——飛快地繁殖……multiplyv.繁殖；（使）大大增加，（使）倍增；乘，乘以2+2=4 Twoplus/addedtotwoisfour.4-2=2 Fourminustwoistwo./Twosubtractedfromfouristwo.2×2=4 Twotimes/multipliedbytwoisfour.4÷2=2 Fourdividedbytwoistwo.◆完成句子(1)Itisreportedthatsmoking___________________（大大增加……的風險）heartattacksandotherhealthproblems.(2)Duringhotsummers，thegerms_____________________（繁殖得很快），andcanproducefoodpoisoning.◆單句語法填空(3)Ourproblems_______________（multiply）sincelastyear.(4)Tenadded________fivemakesfifteen.(5)12divided_________4equals3.(6)Five______________（multiply）bysixisthirty.(7)Ifyoumultiplythree__________six，you’llgeteighteen.multipliestheriskof

multiplyquickly/rapidlyhavemultiplied

to

by

multiplied

by/andButalthoughtheviruscausedtherabbitpopulationtodecreasefrom130，000toaround10，000...然而，雖然病毒使得兔子的數量從130000只降到約10000只……decreasev.&n.（1）v.（使）變小，（使）減少 decrease（from...）to（從……）減少到……（表示減少的結果） decreaseby減少了……（表示減少的幅度） decreasein在……方面減少Thenumberofnewstudentsdecreased（from1，200）to900thisyear.今年新生人數（從1200）減少到了900。Thepriceofwheathasdecreasedby5%.小麥價格降低了5%。Thisspeciesofbirdhasdecreaseddramaticallyinnumber.這種鳥的數量已經急劇減少。Butalthoughtheviruscausedtherabbitpopulationtodecreasefrom130，000toaround10，000...然而，雖然病毒使得兔子的數量從130000只降到約10000只……decreasev.&n.（2）n.減少，減少的量 adecreasein...……的減少 onthedecrease在減少Therehasbeenadecreaseintrafficaccidents.交通事故減少了。Thechargefortransportationisonthedecreasebecauseoflowerfuelcosts.由于更低的燃料花費，運輸費用在降低?！練w納拓展】increasev.&n.增加，增長increaseto增加到……（表示增加的結果）increaseby增加了……（表示增加的幅度）increasein在……方面增加 ontheincrease在增加◆單句語法填空(1)Trafficaccidents_________________（decrease）infrequencyoverrecentyears.(2)Thenumberofindependentfirmsdecreased________296________198.(3)Theproductioncostofthiskindofcarhasdecreased________tenpercent.(4)Thenumberofpeoplecommentingonthematteris________thedecrease.(5)Thepopulationoftheregionis________theincreaseyearbyyear.Ithasincreased______threemillionsofar.◆完成句子(6)Tobefrankwithyou，thepopulationinourcountryis________________（在減少）.(7)Accordingtothenewsagency，thenumberofpeopleinjuredinthetrafficaccident__________________（已經上升到）95.(9)Weaimto___________________________（將銷售額提高10%）.havedecreased

fromto

by

on

on

to

onthedecrease

hasincreasedto

increasesalesby10percent

Inthe1980s，trapsanddogswereusedtocatchthecats.20世紀80年代，人們利用捕獵夾和狗來抓貓。trapn.&v.（1）n.夾子，陷阱；圈套；困境 lay/setatrap（forsb./sth.）（給某人/某物）設下圈套 fall/walkintoatrap落入圈套（2）v.（trapped，trapped）困??；使陷入圈套 betrappedin困在……中；陷入……中 trapsb.into（doing）sth.誘使某人做某事◆單句語法填空(1)Fireofficersusedcuttingequipmenttofreehislegs，which______________（trap）underasteelbeam.(2)Shehadbeentrappedinto_______（say）somethingshedidnotmean.(3)Thecarrolledontoitsroof，

（trap）bothmen.◆完成句子(4)Atmidnightwefinallyrescuedthetouristswho_________________（被困在）thevalley.(5)Bycleverquestioningthey________________________________（誘使他說了實話）.weretrapped

saying

weretrappedin

trappedhimintotellingthetruth

trapping

Itturnedoutthattheydevelopedanimmunitytothevirus，andtheirnumbersexplodedonceagain.結果它們對病毒產生了免疫力，它們的數量再次激增。turnout結果是，證明是；（大量）出席，參加；制造，生產【學法點撥】turnout作“結果是，證明是；（大量）出席，參加”講時，是不及物動詞詞組，不用于被動語態；作“制造，生產”講時，是及物動詞詞組?！敉瓿删渥?1)Hegothisfirstbookpublished.It____________（結果）tobeabest-seller.(2)___________________（原來）shewasthePEteacherofmysister.(3)Thewholevillage_______________（出來）towelcomethehero.(4)Newtechnologieshavemadeitpossibleto_____________（生產）newproductsfasterandatalowercost.turnedout

Itturnedoutthat

turnedout

turnout

Thisincidentmadeitclearthattherat，mouseandrabbitproblemneededsolvingonceandforall.這一事件清楚地表明，大鼠、小鼠和兔子泛濫的問題需要一次徹底的解決。incidentn.事件；沖突asmall/minorincident小事件 amajorincident重大事件aseriousincident嚴重事故 aviolentincident暴力事件【詞語辨析】incident，accident與eventincident可指小事件，也可指嚴重的、重要的或暴力的事件。accident指偶然或意外發生的不幸的事故。event尤指重要的事件或大事，也可指比賽項目。◆選詞填空（incident/accident/event）(1)The__________madethelistenersburstintolaughter.(2)Neitheryounorthedriver，Ithink，hastoldthetruthbehindthe_______.(3)The________hasbeenput