Unit1ScienceFictionPartOne詞匯句式一遍過I.閱讀障礙詞——寫出下列單詞的漢語意思1.fictionn._____________2.bonusn._____________3.ridiculousadj._____________4.dignityn._____________5.absurdadj._____________6.nailn._____________vt._____________7.laddern._____________8.salesmann._____________9.alienn._____________adj._____________10.inactionn._____________11.leathern._____________12.inchn._____________13.niecen._____________14.maximumadj._____________II.核心四會詞——根據漢語寫出單詞1._____________n.薪水；薪金2._____________vt.懸；掛；暫停；暫緩3._____________vt.讓(某人)離開；解散；解雇；消除4._____________conj.然而；但是；盡管5._____________n.謠言；傳聞6._____________vt.&vi.假設；假定7._____________n.車費；船費；飛機票價8._____________adj.更好的；占優勢的；(在級別或重要性上)更高的9._____________n.勞動(者)；體力勞動vi.奮斗；努力工作10._____________vt.&vi.緊握；抓緊11._____________adj.模糊的；朦朧的；困惑的12._____________vt.(去)拿來；(去)請來13._____________n.手帕；紙巾14._____________n.燈；臺燈15._____________n.速度；步伐；節奏vt.&vi.確定速度；調整節奏16._____________adj.隨機的；不可思議的III.拓展延伸詞——根據詞性和漢語意思寫單詞1.appointvt.任命；委任→__________n.約會；預約；委任→__________adj.約定的；指定的2.guiltn.內疚；悔恨；有罪→__________adj.內疚的；有罪的；有過失的3.weekn.星期→__________adj.每周的n.周刊4.calculatevt.計算；核算；預測→___________n.計算；預測→__________n.計算器→__________adj.精心策劃的；蓄意的→___________adj.精明的；精于算計的5.declarevt.表明；宣稱；公布→___________n.公告；宣言6.dividevt.分割；分配；除以→___________n.分開；分隔；差異；除(法)；部門，處7.explodevi.&vt.爆炸；爆破→___________n.爆炸；爆破(聲)→_________adj.易爆炸的；猛增的8.mudn.泥；泥漿→___________adj.泥濘的9.urgen.強烈的欲望；沖動vt.催促；力勸；大力推薦→___________adj.緊急的；迫切的IV.重點短語英漢互譯(i)課內基礎達標1._____________檢驗；測試2._____________更像是；更接近3._____________根據；以……的方式(基準)4._____________事物的利與弊；支持與反對5._____________比……更好；更勝一籌6.takeover_____________7.conflictwith_____________8.turnout_____________9.atmaximumspeed_____________10.onabusinesstrip_____________(ii)課外拓展延伸1._____________參加選拔2._____________一點也不像3._____________對……感到內疚4._____________向……宣戰5._____________把某物分成……6.urgesbtodosth_____________7.keeppacewith_____________8.fallbehind_____________9.takeup_____________10.beseniorto_____________V.經典句式過關練(i)課內基礎達標——補全句子1.她轉過身來，格拉迪斯·克拉芬站在那里。(全部倒裝)Assheturnedaround,_____________GladysClaffern.2.今天十點鐘，第一臺時間機器開始投入使用。(強調句型)__________________________thefirstofallTimeMachinesbeganitscareer.3.環顧四周，我看到我的實驗室和從前一模一樣。(現在分詞作狀語)_____________,Isawmylaboratoryexactlyasbefore.4.克萊爾覺得一個機器人對她表示同情十分荒謬，但她逐漸欣賞他的智慧和正直，并且開始信任他。(Itbe＋形容詞＋that從句)Clairethought_____________shewasbeingofferedsympathybyarobot,butshegraduallyadmiredhiswisdomandintegrityandbegantotrusthim.(ii)課外拓展延伸——補全句子1.她說：“可是我已經欺騙了我奶奶。”臉頰上流下了內疚的淚水。(guilt)“ButIhavecheatedmygrandmother,”saidshe,and__________________________.2.當老師宣布我是這次英語演講比賽的獲勝者時，我又驚又喜。(declare)Whentheteacher__________________________,Iwassurprisedandpleased.3.父母應該積極地督促孩子利用這個機會加入體育隊。(urge)Parentsshouldactively_______________________________________tojoinsportsteams.4.湯姆從他父親那里接管公司后，吸收了一些科學思想，并雇用了一些經驗豐富、工作努力的工人。(takeover)__________________________,Tomtookinsomescientificideasandtookonsomeexperiencedandhard-workingworkers.PartTwo核心考點基礎練I.詞形變化練1.Youshouldhaveagoodplanforyourholidayratherthanspendit________(random).2.Afterthesecond_______(explode),allofthecity’smaintrainandsubwaystationswereshutdown.3.Ifyoustillcan’ttakemyadvice,yougetreadyforyour______(dismiss).4.Ifeel_______(guilt)forteasingtheinnocentchildwhofelloveronthe_______(mud)track.5.Wearediscussingaboutwhatthepossiblework_______(divide)isbetweenmenandwomen.6.Deepinsorrow,themanwonderedhowtofetchhelp,______(pace)upanddownintheroomnervously.7.Iquicklysigneduptotheoverallsportsclub,hadalookatthe______(week)timetableanddecidedtotrythemallout.8.Themostlikelyexplanationappearstobethatthe______(base)liesintheirlivingwithhumans,whichgivesthemalotofexposuretohumanfacialexpressions.II.固定用法練1.Mr.Whitefell______thetreeandbrokehisleftleglastweek.2.Hepickedupahandkerchief_____randomandhandedittohisniecetowipehernose.3.Theboyoftenconflicts______otherstudents,whichmakeshisparentsexplodewithanger.4.Ifyoufeel______youarethecharactersinthedrama,you’llfinditeasytomemorizethelines.5.Firstofall,itislearningmoreaboutthehistoryofChinesemoderndramainadvance____isofgreatimportance.6.Whenmanyscientistsandscholarswerestillarguingaboutthepros______consofalienexistenceandAIdevelopment,Hawkingsaidhebelievedhumanswouldeventuallybetaken______byAIandrobots.7.It’sreallyamazing______theonce-ruinedplacehasnowbeenturnedintoabeautifulschool,fulloflife.8.Hehasformedthehabitofgettingupearlyandexercising______adailybasis,whichenableshimtokeepphysicallyhealthy.PartThree高考題型強化練I.閱讀理解ATheteam,ledbyMichaelT.Tolley,aprofessorofmechanicalengineeringattheJacobsSchoolofEngineeringatUCSanDiego,detailsitsfindingsintheFeb.17,2021issueofthejournalScienceRobotics.“Thisworkrepresentsafundamentalyetsignificantsteptowardsfully-autonomous,electronics-freewalkingrobots,”saidDylanDrotman,aPhDstudentinTolley’sresearchgroupandthepaper’sfirstauthor.Applicationsincludelow-costrobotsforentertainment,suchastoys,androbotsthatcanoperateinenvironmentswhereelectronicscannotfunction,suchasMRImachines.Softrobotsareofparticularinterestbecausetheyeasilyadapttotheirenvironmentandoperatesafelynearhumans.Mostsoftrobotsarepoweredbyairandarecontrolledbyelectroniccircuits.Butthisapproachrequirescomplexcomponentslikecircuitboards,valves(閥門)andpumps—oftenoutsidetherobot’sbody.Thesecomponents,whichmakeuptherobot’sbrainandnervoussystem,aretypicallylargeandexpensive.Bycontrast,theUCSanDiegorobotiscontrolledbyalightweight,low-costsystemofair-poweredcircuits,madeupoftubesandsoftvalves,onboardtherobotitself.Therobotcanwalkoncommandorinresponsetosignalsitsensesfromtheenvironment.“Withourapproach，youcouldmakeaverycomplexroboticbrain,”saidTolley,thestudy’sseniorauthor.“Ourfocusherewastomakethesimplestair-powerednervoussystemneededtocontrolwalking.”Inthefuture,researcherswanttoimprovetherobot’swaystowalksoitcanwalkonnaturalfieldsandunevensurfaces.Thiswouldallowtherobottonavigateoveravarietyofobstacles(障礙).Thiswouldrequireamorecomplicatednetworkofsensorsandasaresultamorecomplexair-poweredsystem.Theteamwillalsolookathowthetechnologycouldbeusedtocreaterobots,whichareinpartcontrolledbyair-poweredcircuitsforsomefunctions,suchaswalking.1.Whatistheachievementoftheteam’sstudy?A.Theirrobotscanwalkahugestep.B.Theirrobotsworkfollowingcommands.C.Theirstudygetstheirelectronicsforfree.D.Theyfindanewtechniqueinwalkingrobots.2.Whatcantheteam’srobotsbeappliedtofromthepassage?A.Toycompanies’products.B.Environmentalprotection.C.Humansafety.D.Factorieswithoutworkers.3.Whatwilltheresearchersprobablydo?A.Changethewayofpower.B.Helprobotswalkashumans.C.Improverobotstoavoidobstacles.D.Buildanetworktocontrolrobots.4.Whatisthepassagemainlytalkingabout?A.Theintroductiontoelectronics-freewalkingrobots.B.Thefunctionsofnewly-developedrobots.C.Theapplicationsofsoftwalkingrobots.D.Thewaystoimprovetraditionalrobots.BArobotwithasenseoftouchmayoneday“feel”pain,bothitsownphysicalpainandsympathyforthepainofitshumancompanions.Suchrobotsarestillfaroff,butadvancesinrobotictouch-sensingarebringingthatpossibilityclosertoreality.Sensorssetinsoft,artificialskinthatcandetectbothagentletouchandapainfulstrikehavebeenhookeduptoarobotthatcanthensignalemotions,AsadareportedFebruary15attheannualmeetingoftheAmericanAssociationfortheAdvancementofScience.Thisartificial“painnervoussystem”,asAsadacallsit,maybeasmallbuildingblockforamachinethatcouldultimatelyexperiencepain.Suchafeelingmightalsoallowarobotto“sympathize”withahumancompanion’ssuffering.Asada,anengineeratOsakaUniversity,andhiscolleagueshavedesignedtouchsensorsthatreliablypickuparangeoftouches.InarobotsystemnamedAffetto,anrealistic-lookingchild’shead,thesetouchandpainsignalscanbeconvertedtoemotionalfacialexpressions.“Atouch-sensitive,softmaterial,asopposedtoarigidmetalsurface，allowsricherinteractionbetweenamachineandtheworld,”saysneuroscientistKingsonManoftheUniversityofSouthernCalifornia.“Artificialskinallowsthepossibilityofengagementintrulyintelligentways”.Suchasystem,Asadasays,mightultimatelyleadtorobotsthatcanrecognizethepainofothers,avaluableskillforrobotsdesignedtohelpcareforpeopleinneed,theelderly,forinstance.“Butthereisanimportantdistinctionbetweenarobotthatrespondsinapredictablewaytoapainfulstrikeandarobotthat’sabletocomputeaninternalfeelingaccurately,”saysDamasio,aneuroscientistalsoattheUniversityofSouthernCalifornia.“Arobotwithsensorsthatcandetectthetouchandpainisalongthelinesofhavingarobot，forexample,thatsmileswhenyoutalktoit”,Damasiosays.“It’sadeviceforcommunicationofthemachinetoahuman.Whilethat’saninterestingdevelopment,it’snotthesamethingasarobotdesignedtocomputesomesortofinternalexperience,”hesays.5.Whatdoweknowaboutthe“painnervoussystem”？A.ItisnamedAffettobyscientists.B.Itisasetofcomplicatedsensors.C.Itisabletosignaldifferentemotions.D.Itcombinessensorsandartificialskin.6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“converted”inParagraph3probablymean?A.Delivered. B.Translated.C.Attached. D.Adapted.7.Whatcanbethebesttitleofthetext?A.MachinesBecomeEmotionalB.RobotsInchtoFeelingPainC.HumanFeelingsCanBeFeltD.NewDevicesTouchYourHeartII.完形填空Onemorning,Chard,workingasanassistantinanIndianhospital,spottedmeoutsidetheCOVID-19ward(病房).Iwasthen1tryingtofindoutaboutmybrother’s2.Butitwasaterribledayfordoctors—somepatientshaddied,andnew3werebeingwheeledinthroughout.SoChard4tomeandaskedifhecouldhelp.Itoldhimithadbeenthreedayssincemybrotherwasputonaventilator(呼吸器),andnoonecametoupdateus.Chard5helpandtoldmethattherehadbeennoturnforthe6inthelast10hours.Iwas7becauseitwasjustwhatIneededtohearwhileIwaitedforanhouroutsidetheward,anxiousand8.ItoldChardhowdepressedIhadfeltuntilhis9cutthroughmypanic.Later,Ioften10Chardandhiscolleaguestotakemessages,bringingsupportand11.Hishopefulwordsgavemesomerelief.Inthemostdifficulttimesinmylife,suchkind,calmingwords12alottome.Whenmybrotherwasdischargedafternearlyamonth,Isentamessage,expressingmygratitudetohimforhis13helpandendlessefforts.AndIwassoimpressedbyhis14undersuchcircumstances.Heisa15inthisfightlikedoctorsandnurses.1.A.desperately B.awfullyC.normally D.kindly2.A.surgery B.instructionC.condition D.medicine3.A.patients B.doctorsC.nurses D.assistants4.A.roseup B.turnedupC.walkedup D.showedup5.A.promised B.acceptedC.advised D.offered6.A.better B.strongerC.sadder D.worse7.A.annoyed B.satisfiedC.dizzy D.grateful8.A.scared B.hurtC.sensitive D.envied9.A.supply B.wordC.influence D.choices10.A.turnedin B.calledinC.reliedon D.tookon11.A.comfort B.ideaC.caution D.solution12.A.changed B.meantC.conveyed D.benefited13.A.technical B.enjoyableC.timely D.previous14.A.movement B.devotionC.decision D.achievement15.A.boy B.friendC.man D.heroIII.語法填空Theopeningofthehigh-speedraillinkbetweenHongKongandShenzhenhasonceagaincaughttheattentionoftheworld.In1876,thefirstcommercialtrain1.________(launch)inChina.Nowthisnewengineforcontinuedeconomicprogressisgraduallybecomingthecriterion.ThenetworkischangingChinainmanyways.Likerailwaytownsthatemergedalongthetracksinthe19thcenturyBritainandAmerica,urban2.________(grow)inChinaisalsofollowingtheraillines.Thenetwork3.________(result)inthecreationofbusinessopportunitieseversince.4._______isanecosystemthatismakingprofitsnotmerelythroughthesalesofticketsbutthroughitsoverallcapacity,5.________(drive)Chinaforwarddespiteinternationalfinancialdifficultiesofthisyear.Remotecitieswhichusedtocarryoutcommercial6._______(activity)alonearenowconnectedwithlargeindustrialzones.Bywayoftheincreasedconnectivity,lesserdevelopedregionsarecatchingupwithdevelopedones.Peoplecannowmaketripstoplaces7._______couldn’tbereachedbeforeoveraweekend.Similarly,theyhave8.________(great)accesstoremoteareasandlessexploredregionswherethelivesofpeopleconnectedtothetourismindustryhavebeendramaticallyimprovedthanbefore.High-speedtrainsarecontributing9.________(significant)toChina’seconomicandsocialdevelopment.Asthenetworkcontinuestoexpand,itwillnotbelongbeforeallregionsofthecountrystartprogressing10.________thesameinterdependentpace.答案部分PartOne詞匯句式一遍過I.閱讀障礙詞1.小說；虛構的事2.意外收獲；獎金；紅利3.愚蠢的；荒謬的；荒唐的4.莊重；莊嚴；尊嚴5.荒謬的；荒唐的6.指甲；趾甲；釘子;(用釘子)釘牢；固定7.梯子；階梯8.售貨員；推銷員9.外星人(生物)；外國人;陌生的；外星的；外國的10.無行動；不采取措施11.皮革[pl.皮衣；皮外套12.英寸13.侄女；外甥女14.最大極限的n.最大量；最大限度II.核心四會詞1.salary2.suspend3.dismiss4.whereas5.rumour6.presume7.fare8.superior9.labour10.grip11.hazy12.fetch13.handkerchief14.lamp15.pace16.randomIII.拓展延伸詞1.appointment;appointed2.guilty3.weekly4.calculation;calculator;calculated;calculating5.declaration6.division7.Explosion;explosive8.muddy9.urgentIV.重點短語英漢互譯(i)1.testout2.morelike3.ona...basis4.prosandcons5.besuperiorto6.占上風；取而代之；接管；接手7.與……沖突或抵觸8.關掉；熄滅；在場；使朝外；結果是9.以最高的速度10.出公差(ii)1.tryoutfor2.nothinglike3.beguiltyfor/at/about...4.declarewaron/against5.dividesthinto...6.催促某人做某事7.與……并駕齊驅；齊頭并進；跟上……8.落后；跟不上9.占去；占據；開始從事10.比……年長；比……地位高V.經典句式過關練(i)1.therestood2.Itwasatteno’clocktodaythat3.Lookingaround4.itwasridiculousthat(ii)1.tearsofguiltfloweddownhercheeks2.declaredmetobethewinneroftheEnglishSpeechContest3.urgethattheirchildrenshouldtakeadvantageoftheopportunity4.AftertakingoverthefirmfromhisfatherPartTwo核心考點基礎練I.詞形變化練1.randomly2.explosion3.dismissing4.guilty;muddy5.division6.pacing7.weekly8.basisII.固定用法練1.off2.at3.with4.like5.that6.and;over7.that8.onPartThree高考題型強化練【語篇解讀】本文是說明文，介紹了有關行走機器人的研究發現的內容。1.D。細節理解題。根據第一段中的“detailsitsfindingsintheFeb.17，2021issue”和第二段中的“‘Thisworkrepresentsafundamental...electronics-freewalkingrobots’”可知，研究小組發現了行走機器人的新技術，該技術代表了行走機器人邁向全自動、無電子行走的重要一步。2.A。細節理解題。根據第三段第一句中的“Applicationsincludelow-costrobotsforentertainment，suchastoys”可知，該技術可以用于低成本的娛樂機器人，如玩具等。據此可知，該技術可以用于玩具公司的產品。3.C。推理判斷題。根據尾段前兩句“Inthefuture...walkonnaturalfieldsandunevensurfaces...obstacles(障礙).”可知，研究人員希望將來改進機器人的行走方式，以使其能夠在自然場地和凹凸不平的表面上行走，這會讓機器人翻越障礙物。據此可以推知，未來研究人員將改進機器人以避免撞到障礙物。4.A。主旨大意題。通讀全文可知，文章第二段闡述了全文的主旨。結合下文內容可知，本文主要介紹了行走機器人的新技術及其應用。【語篇解讀】本文是說明文。能“感覺”痛的機器人依然離我們很遠，但機器人觸摸傳感技術的進步使這種可能性更接近于現實