UNIT4BODYLANGUAGE

核心單詞

閱讀詞匯1.gesturen.手勢(shì)；姿勢(shì)；姿態(tài)2.identicaladj.相同的3.cheekn.面頰；臉頰4.bowvi.鞠躬vt.點(diǎn)頭；低(頭)n.弓；蝴蝶結(jié)5.waistn.腰；腰部6.barriern.隔閡；障礙7.fakeadj.假裝的；假的；冒充的8.trialn.&v.審訊；審判；試驗(yàn)；試用9.twinadj.雙胞胎之一的；孿生之一的n.孿生之一；雙胞胎之一

10.nonverbaladj.不涉及言語(yǔ)的；非言語(yǔ)的

11.internaladj.內(nèi)部的；里面的

12.slumpvi.垂頭彎腰地走(或坐等) 13.posen.故作姿態(tài)；(為畫像、拍照等擺的)姿勢(shì)vi.擺好姿勢(shì)vt.造成(威脅；問(wèn)題等) 14.bendvt.&vi.(使)彎曲；傾斜；偏向vi.(鐘表)發(fā)出滴答聲n.鉤號(hào)15.tickvt.給(試卷、問(wèn)題等)打鉤號(hào)16.chinn.下巴17.ceilingn.天花板；上限18.distractvt.分散(注意力)；使分心19.perceivevt.察覺(jué)；看待；理解20.chestn.胸部；胸膛21.weepvi.&vt.哭泣；流淚22.inquirevi.&vt.詢問(wèn)；打聽(tīng)23.ultimatelyadv.最終；最后24.intervenevi.干預(yù)；介入25.componentn.組成部分；零件

高頻詞匯1._____________vt.表現(xiàn)；表達(dá)；說(shuō)明；證明2.________vt.當(dāng)場(chǎng)看到；目擊；見(jiàn)證n.目擊者；證人3.________n.發(fā)生的事情；嚴(yán)重事件；沖突4.________vt.揭示；顯示；露出demonstratewitness5.________vt.把……放低；降低；減少adj.下面的；下方的；較小的incidentreveallowerimplyoccupy6.________vt.意味著；暗示7.________vt.占據(jù)；占用8.________vi.盯著看；凝視n.凝視9.___________vi.&vt.區(qū)分；辨別10.________adj.羞愧；慚愧staredistinguish11.________adv.只是；僅僅；只不過(guò)12.________vi.&vt.費(fèi)心；麻煩；因……操心n.麻煩；不便13.________n.矛盾；沖突vi.沖突；抵觸ashamed14.________vi.(對(duì)……)起反應(yīng)；回應(yīng)；(對(duì)食物等)有不良反應(yīng)merelybotherconflictreacttone15.________n.語(yǔ)氣；腔調(diào)；口吻

拓展詞匯1.__________n.交流；相互影響→interactv.交流2.varyvi.(根據(jù)情況)變化；改變→________adj.各種各樣的→________n.多樣性interactionvariousvariety

3.appropriateadj.合適的；恰當(dāng)?shù)摹鷂___________adv.合適地→_____________adj.不合適的；不恰當(dāng)?shù)?/p>

4.approvevi.贊成；同意vt.批準(zhǔn)；通過(guò)→__________n.批準(zhǔn)；同意appropriatelyinappropriateapproval5.________vt.使用；應(yīng)用；雇用→employmentn.雇用；就業(yè)→____________n.失業(yè)employunemployment6.__________vt.把……理解(解釋)為vi.&vt.口譯→interpretationn.解釋；翻譯→__________n.口譯員；演繹者

7.differvi.相異；不同于→_________adj.不同的→_________adv.不同地→_________n.不同interpretinterpreter

8.________vt.較喜歡；選擇；有利于n.幫助；恩惠；贊同→favourableadj.支持的；贊同的differentdifferentlydifferencefavour9.________n.憤怒；怒氣vt.使生氣；激怒→angryadj.生氣的；憤怒的→________adv.生氣地；憤怒地angerangrily10.relyv.依賴；依靠；指望→________adj.可靠的；可信賴的11.slightadj.輕微的；略微的；細(xì)小的→________adv.略微；稍微reliableslightlyassessclarification

12.________vt.評(píng)估；評(píng)價(jià)→assessmentn.評(píng)價(jià)；評(píng)定

13.clarifyvt.使更清晰易懂；闡明；澄清→__________n.闡明；澄清

14._________vt.教育→_________n.教育→educatorn.教師；教育工作者；教育家→_________adj.受過(guò)教育的；有教養(yǎng)的

15._________n.趨勢(shì)；傾向→tendv.往往……；傾向于

16.bareadj.光禿的；赤裸的→_______adv.幾乎不；勉強(qiáng)才能；剛剛educateeducationeducatedtendency

17.anxietyn.焦慮；擔(dān)心；害怕→________adj.焦慮的

18.embarrassvt.使尷尬；使難堪→_____________n.尷尬→____________adj.難堪的；尷尬的→____________adj.令人尷尬的19._________vt.調(diào)整；調(diào)節(jié)vi.&vt.適應(yīng)；(使)習(xí)慣→adjustmentn.調(diào)整；適應(yīng)→__________adj.可調(diào)節(jié)的barelyanxiousembarrassmentembarrassedembarrassingadjustadjustable熟詞生義employ【熟義】vt.雇用【生義】vt.使用；應(yīng)用【典例】Thereportexaminesteachingmethodsemployedintheclassroom.這份報(bào)告審查了課堂上采用的教學(xué)方法。bybymakedownupin

重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)1.________contrast相比之下2.________comparison(與……)相比較3.________inferences推理；推斷4.break________消除；分解；打破5.straighten________直起來(lái)；整理；收拾整齊6.________otherwords換句話說(shuō)；也就是說(shuō)onattothrough7.call________(短暫地)訪問(wèn)；要求(某人講話等)；正式邀請(qǐng)8.________work有某種影響；在工作9.varyfrom...________...由……到……變化不同10.get________通過(guò)；接通(電話)精選佳句教材原句nothingbetterthan

1.Andifwearefeelingdownorlonely,thereis________________________seeingthesmilingfaceofagoodfriend.如果我們感到沮喪或孤獨(dú),沒(méi)有什么比看到好朋友的笑臉更好的了。

句式結(jié)構(gòu)

句式1：本句是“否定詞＋比較級(jí)”句式,是用比較級(jí)表達(dá)最高級(jí)的句式之一,意為“沒(méi)有比……更……的”教材原句noteveryone

2.Ofcourse,_______________wholooksupispayingattentioninclass.當(dāng)然,并不是每個(gè)抬頭的學(xué)生都在專心聽(tīng)講。

句式結(jié)構(gòu)

句式2：noteveryone為部分否定教材原句asthough

3.Theireyesbarelymove,andtheyalwayshavethesamedistantexpressionontheirfaces.Itis________________theyareasleepwiththeireyesopen.他們的眼睛幾乎不動(dòng)，臉上表情疏遠(yuǎn)呆滯，好像睜著眼睛在睡覺(jué)。

句式結(jié)構(gòu)

句式3：asthough意為“仿佛；好像”，引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句教材原句While

4.________itiseasytoperceivewhenstudentsareinterested,bored,ordistracted,itissometimesmuchhardertodistinguishwhenstudentsaretroubled.盡管學(xué)生們何時(shí)(對(duì)講課)感興趣、何時(shí)感到無(wú)聊或精力不集中是容易察覺(jué)的，但要發(fā)現(xiàn)學(xué)生何時(shí)有困擾有時(shí)會(huì)難得多。

句式結(jié)構(gòu)

句式4：連詞while表示讓步關(guān)系，意為“雖然；盡管”，相當(dāng)于though/althoughspokenvaries

課文復(fù)現(xiàn)

Justlike1.________(speak)language,bodylanguage2._______(vary)fromculturetoculture.Forexample,makingeyecontactinsomecountriesisaway3.___________(display)interestwhilemenandwomenarenot4.________(social)permittedtomakeeyecontactinmanyMiddleEasterncountries.

Inmanycountries,shakingone'sheadmeans“no”and5._______(nod)one'sheadmeans“yes”.By6.__________(compare),thegestureshavetheoppositemeaninginBulgariaand7.________(south)Albania.todisplaysociallynoddingcomparisonsouthern

Smilinghasmanydifferentuses.Asmilecanhelpusget8.________difficultsituations,findfriendsinaworldofstrangers9.________breakdownbarriers.Ifwe'refeelingdownorlonely,there'snothingbetter10.________seeingthesmilingfaceofagoodfriend.throughorthan單句語(yǔ)法填空reliablecomparisontochoose

1.So________(rely)wasthejournalistthatweallagreedtoadopthisideaandsetoutimmediately. 2.By__________(compare),Ipreferthecolumntellingaboutsplendidstoriesofournationalheroes. 3.Withsomanydifferentthemesofpoetry__________(choose)from,studentsmaywanttowritepoemsoftheirown.4.Thegovernmentcallsonus________(protect)rareanimalsfrombeingextinct.toprotectanswering/toanswer

5.Hedidn'tbother__________________(answer)myquestion,whichdidn'tappealtohim. 6.________(occupy)inhisresearch,hedidn'thavetimetotakepartinamusingentertainments.Occupiedbarely

7.(2023·1月浙江卷)Shewascoveredinspider-websandwas________(bare)abletomoveherwings.8.Shewas________(employ)indoingtherewardingjobeveryday.employedtotacklefrom

9.Thetwosidesaretryingtositdownandfindaway________(tackle)theconflictinpeace. 10.Theexpertdisplaystheabilitytodistinguishpaintingsofhighquality________poorones.1.varyvi.(根據(jù)情況)變化；改變【典例】①Typingpatternsvaryfrompersontoperson.打字模式因人而異。②Themenuvarieswiththeseason.菜單隨季節(jié)而變動(dòng)。【歸納】varyinsth.在某方面不同varywith...隨……而變化varybetween...and...＝varyfrom...to...由……到……情況不等avarietyof＝varietiesof＝various多種多樣的【即學(xué)即用】單句語(yǔ)法填空infromvarious

(1)Thestudentsinourclassvary________height________150cmto170cm. (2)Wewillcomeacross________(vary)barriersinourdailylifewhichneedtobebrokendown.

完成句子

(3)如你所見(jiàn)，我們俱樂(lè)部正在舉辦各種各樣的活動(dòng)，從英語(yǔ)演講比賽到詩(shī)歌朗誦不等。

Asyoucansee，___________________________________arebeingheldbyourclub，___________EnglishSpeechContest_____PoetryRecitation.various/avarietyof/varietiesofactivitiesvaryingfromto2.favourvt.較喜歡；選擇；有利于n.幫助；恩惠；贊同【典例】Opportunitiesandsuccesstendtobeinfavourofthosewhoareready.機(jī)遇和成功往往青睞那些有準(zhǔn)備的人。【歸納】infavourof...支持……inone'sfavour對(duì)某人有利dosb.afavour＝doafavourforsb.幫某人一個(gè)忙asksb.forafavour＝askafavourofsb.請(qǐng)求某人幫忙【拓展】(1)favourableadj.贊同的；有利的(2)favouredadj.受到寵愛(ài)的；得到偏愛(ài)的【即學(xué)即用】單句語(yǔ)法填空f(shuō)avourable

(1)(2022·6月浙江卷)Byperformingappropriatemeasures，wehavecreateda___________(favour)learningenvironmentintheself-studyroom.完成句子infavourofhisopinion

(2)當(dāng)他知道大多數(shù)人都不贊成他的意見(jiàn)時(shí)，他勃然大怒。

Heboiledwithangerwhenknowingthatmostofthem______________________________.(3)我寫信是想告訴你我暑假期間去山里撿垃圾的計(jì)劃，我想知道你是否能幫我一個(gè)忙。

I'mwritingtotellyouaboutmyplantopickupgarbageinthemountainsduringthesummervacationandIwonderif________________________________________.werenotyoucoulddomeafavour/doafavourforme(4)請(qǐng)記住，機(jī)會(huì)和成功往往青睞那些有準(zhǔn)備的人。(讀后續(xù)寫之主旨升華)Keepinmindthat__________________________________________________________.opportunitiesandsuccesstendtofavourthosewhoareready

①Itencouragesustooccupyourownlittlecorner,toavoidfoolishleapsintothedark,tobesatisfied.它鼓勵(lì)我們占據(jù)自己的小角落,避免愚蠢地跳進(jìn)黑暗,滿足于此。

②Sheisfullyoccupiedinlookingafterthreesmallchildren.＝Shefullyoccupiesherselfinlookingafterthreesmallchildren.她忙于照料三個(gè)小孩。3.occupyvt.占據(jù)；占用【典例】

beoccupiedwithsth./indoingsth.忙于做某事

【拓展】

(1)表示“忙于做某事”的短語(yǔ)還有：beengagedindoingsth.,bebusydoingsth./withsth.,beburiedindoingsth.,beemployedindoingsth.。

(2)occupationn.占用；職業(yè)【歸納】occupysb./oneselfwithsth./indoingsth.忙于做某事；專心做某事(1)Ultimately,youmuststateyourfullname,ageand_________(occupy)inyourapplicationform.(2)(2020·新課標(biāo)Ⅰ卷)Becausetheywere_________(occupy)inmakingandsellingpopcorn,theysparednotimetoplayaround.→______________________________________________,theysparednotimetoplayaround.(用現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)改寫)→________________________________________，theysparednotimetoplayaround.(用過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)改寫)Occupyingthemselvesinmakingandsellingpopcorn單句語(yǔ)法填空occupationoccupied【即學(xué)即用】Occupiedinmakingandsellingpopcorn4.distinguishvi.&vt.區(qū)分；辨別【典例】①Peoplewhocannotdistinguishbetweencoloursaresaidtobecolour-blind.不能辨別顏色的人稱為色盲。②Whatwasitthatdistinguishedherfromherclassmates?是什么使得她有別于班上其他同學(xué)呢？③Shehasalreadydistinguishedherselfasanathlete.作為運(yùn)動(dòng)員她已享有盛名。【歸納】distinguishbetween...and...辨別……和……distinguish...from...使……有別于……的特征；辨別……和……distinguishoneselfby...通過(guò)……顯示自己或使自己揚(yáng)名distinguishoneselffor...因……而出名distinguishoneself(as...)(作為……)表現(xiàn)突出【拓展】distinguishedadj.卓越的；著名的；杰出的bedistinguishedfor...因……而出名

【即學(xué)即用】

單句語(yǔ)法填空

(1)Openyoureyestodistinguishright________wrong,closeyoureyesandthinkcalmly. (2)Mybrotherisamost___________(distinguish)man—agreatactor.fromdistinguishedfor

(3)Shewasdistinguished________herabilitytomakeherideasclear.5.adjustvt.調(diào)整；調(diào)節(jié)vi.&vt.適應(yīng)；(使)習(xí)慣【典例】①Youwillquicklyadjustyourselftostudentlife.你將很快適應(yīng)學(xué)生生活。②Ittookhimawhiletoadjusttoworkingnightshifts.他過(guò)了一段時(shí)間才適應(yīng)了上夜班。【歸納】adjust...to...調(diào)整……(以適應(yīng)……)adjust(oneself)to(doing)sth.適應(yīng)……；習(xí)慣……【拓展】(1)adjustableadj.可調(diào)節(jié)的；可調(diào)整的(2)adjustmentn.調(diào)整；適應(yīng)makeadjustmentsto對(duì)……作出調(diào)整【即學(xué)即用】單句語(yǔ)法填空adjustableadjustments

(1)Toouramazement，theschoolchairsare____________，sochildrencanmakesome__________accordingtotheirheight.(adjust)完成句子

(2)我知道你在適應(yīng)新的學(xué)校生活方面有些困難，所以我寫信給你一些建議，希望能對(duì)你有幫助。(應(yīng)用文寫作之建議信)____________________________________________________________________，I'mwritingtogiveyousometips，whichIhopewillbeofhelptoyou.Knowingthatyouhavesomedifficultyinadjusting(yourself)tothenewschoollife(3)由于我沒(méi)有及時(shí)調(diào)整相關(guān)的信息，給您帶來(lái)極大的不便，我寫信向您道歉。(應(yīng)用文寫作之道歉信)Iamwritingtoapologizetoyoufor_________________________________________，causinggreatinconveniencetoyou.mynotadjustingtherelevantinformationintime1.breakdown消除；分解；打破；出故障【典例】

Gettingyoungpeopletogetherwillhelptobreakdownthebarriersbetweenthem.把年輕人聚集起來(lái)將有助于消除他們之間的隔閡。【拓展】breakthrough突破；突圍；有新的重大發(fā)現(xiàn)breakup(使)破碎；結(jié)束；解散breakout爆發(fā)(不用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài))；突發(fā)breakin打斷；闖入breakaway(from)脫離；掙脫breakinto闖入；破門而入；突然開(kāi)始(做某事)【即學(xué)即用】用break短語(yǔ)的正確形式填空(1)Whatangeredmewasthatmycar________________onthewaytomycompany.brokedownbreakinbrokeout

(2)Wearrivedhomeearlyonlytofindathieftryingto________. (3)Itissaidthattwohundredhouseswereburneddowninthefirewhich________________afewyearsago.(4)Whenthefathersawhislostchildsafe，he______________tearsandhisanxietyfinallydisappeared.brokeinto(5)Itwasquitesometimebeforetheymanagedto____________theenemy'sbarrier.breakthroughbrokeupbrokeaway

(6)Trappedindeepconflict，theirpartnershipfinally__________andhe__________________fromthecompany，settinguphisowncompany.2.inotherwords換句話說(shuō)；也就是說(shuō)【典例】Theyaskedhimtoleave—inotherwordshewasfired.他們請(qǐng)他走人，也就是說(shuō)，他被解雇了。【拓展】inaword總之；簡(jiǎn)言之haveawordwith...與……談一談havewordswithsb.與某人吵架keepone'sword遵守諾言breakone'sword失信；食言wordcamethat...……的消息傳來(lái)【即學(xué)即用】Wordcamethathadwordswith

有消息說(shuō)因?yàn)槟氵`背諾言你的搭檔和你吵架了。為了消除你們之間的隔閡，為何不和你的搭檔談一談，并真誠(chéng)表達(dá)你真誠(chéng)的歉意呢？另外，從現(xiàn)在起遵守諾言可以避免進(jìn)一步的沖突。總之，竭盡全力去修復(fù)你們的關(guān)系，因?yàn)橛颜x非常重要。(應(yīng)用文寫作之建議信)hadbrokenyourword

(1)_________________yourpartner(2)____________________youbecauseyou(3)________________________________.Tobreakdownyourbarriers，whynot(4)_________________yourpartnerandexpressyourheartfeltapologysincerely?Besides，(5)___________________fromnowoncanavoidfurtherconflicts.(6)___________，dowhateveryoucantorestoreyourrelationship，forfriendshipisreallyimportant.haveawordwithkeepingyourInawordword3.atwork有某種影響；在工作【典例】①Themachineisatwork.這臺(tái)機(jī)器正在運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)。

②Withyourantivirussoftwareatwork,yourcomputeriswellprotected.有殺毒軟件發(fā)揮作用，你的電腦得到了很好的保護(hù)。【拓展】outofwork失業(yè)workon致力于；從事于workout計(jì)算出；解決；制定出；產(chǎn)生效果；鍛煉【即學(xué)即用】單句語(yǔ)法填空(1)Hespendslesstime________workthanatplay.(2)AfterJackhadsentsomeemails,hestartedworking________hisproject.aton1.Andifwearefeelingdownorlonely,thereisnothingbetterthanseeingthesmilingfaceofagoodfriend.(教材P39)如果我們感到沮喪或孤獨(dú)，沒(méi)有什么比看到好朋友的笑臉更好的了。

【剖析】本句是“否定詞＋比較級(jí)”句式,

是用比較級(jí)表達(dá)最高級(jí)的句式之一,意為“沒(méi)有比……更……的”。常用的否定詞有no,not,never,nothing,nobody,hardly等。【典例】①Personally,shewouldlikenothingbetterthantoacceptthisinvitation.就她個(gè)人來(lái)說(shuō)，她巴不得接受這次邀請(qǐng)。 ②Icouldn'tagreewithyoumore.我非常同意你。

【點(diǎn)津】用比較級(jí)表達(dá)最高級(jí)的常用句式有：(1)比較級(jí)＋than＋anyother＋單數(shù)名詞(2)比較級(jí)＋than＋alltheother＋復(fù)數(shù)名詞(3)比較級(jí)＋than＋therestof＋復(fù)數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞【即學(xué)即用】單句語(yǔ)法填空(1)Tomis______________(intelligent)thananyotherstudentinhisclass.moreintelligentworse(2)Theweathercouldn'tbe________(bad).完成句子，每空一詞(3)沒(méi)有什么比足夠的水和睡眠對(duì)你更好的了。Thereis________________foryou________plentyofwaterandsleep.nothingbetterthan

2.Theireyesbarelymove,andtheyalwayshavethesamedistantexpressionontheirfaces.Itisasthoughtheyareasleepwiththeireyesopen.(教材P44)他們的眼睛幾乎不動(dòng)，臉上表情疏遠(yuǎn)呆滯，好像睜著眼睛在睡覺(jué)。

【剖析】句中it指代前一句描述的行為表現(xiàn)(眼睛幾乎不動(dòng)，表情疏遠(yuǎn)呆滯)，連詞asthough相當(dāng)于asif,意為“好像；好比”，引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句。【典例】①Ididn'tfeelasthoughIneededtokeepupwithanybodyelse.我不覺(jué)得我需要和其他人同步。②Itseemsasthoughitwasspringalready.現(xiàn)在好像是春天了。【點(diǎn)津】(1)asthough/if意為“仿佛；好像”，引導(dǎo)方式狀語(yǔ)從句或表語(yǔ)從句。

(2)asthough/if后面的從句可用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，表示一種假設(shè)或不大可能的事。從句表示與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用一般過(guò)去時(shí)；表示與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反時(shí)，用“had＋過(guò)去分詞”；表示將來(lái)的可能性不大的情況時(shí)，用“would/could/might＋動(dòng)詞原形”。

(3)從句的省略：若asthough/if引導(dǎo)的從句的主語(yǔ)與主句主語(yǔ)一致，且從句謂語(yǔ)為be，則省略“從句主語(yǔ)＋be”，從句就變成了“asthough/if＋形容詞/副詞/名詞/介賓短語(yǔ)/分詞/不定式”。

【即學(xué)即用】

單句語(yǔ)法填空

(1)Don'thandlethevaseasifit________(be)madeofsteel. (2)Whenapenispartlyputintoaglassofwater,itlooksasit__