第第頁重慶市四區2022-2023學年高二下學期期末學業質量調研抽測英語試題一、閱讀理解(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀理解IntroOurOnlineChineseSummerCampprogramisawonderful,immersive(沉浸式的)onlineChineselearningexperiencespecificallydesignedforlearningChineseremotely.SuitableAgeKidsaged10to16CampContentInteractiveChineselessons,culturalactivitiesandvirtualtripsScheduleMondaytoFridayTheclasstimeisscheduledaccordingtodifferenttimezones.CampLevelsOnlineChineseCampisdividedinto2levels-Non-NativeChineseCampforbeginnertointermediate(中等的)levelsandChineseCampforintermediatetoadvancedlevels.ReadytoSignUp?Non-NativeChineseCampforKidsfromnon-nativeChinesefamiliesChineseCampforKidsfromnativeChinesefamiliesREQUIREMENTS?NoChineselanguageexperienceneeded?NoChineselanguageexposureineverydaylife?ChineselanguageexperienceinanativeChinese-speakingfamilyCONTENT√FunandinteractiveonlinelessonsandactivitiestoraisetheinterestinlearningChinese√IntroductiontoChinesecharacterswithstoriesandpictures√Developpracticalcommunicatingskills√BasicconversationsinChinese√Project-basedculturalactivitiestoincreaseunderstandingofChineseculture√Funandinteractiveonlinelessonstoimprove4languageskills:Listening,Speaking,Reading&Writing√IntermediateconversationsinChinesethroughvariousculturalandlanguageactivities√MoreadvancedlessonstoincreaseChinesevocabulary√Project-basedculturalactivitiestodeepentheunderstandingofChinesecultureContactus(www.C)andwewillbehappytoansweryourquestionsandhelpyouchoosetherightcamp.Don'tforgettoaskusaboutearlybirdprice!1．Whatisthefeatureofthisprogram?A．Itschedulesitsclassaccordingtodifferentareas.B．Itprovidesinteractiveonlinelessonsforlearners.C．Itmainlyaimstoenrichkids'Chineseculture.D．ItdesignsspecialclassconcerningChinesehistory.2．WhatcankidsdoinChineseCamp?A．ImproveintegratedChineseskills.B．MakeupbasicChinesedialogues.C．Learncharactersthroughfunstories.D．Prepareforadvancedvocabularytests.3．Whatcanwelearnabouttheprogram?A．Itinvolvesskillsforcampingtrips.B．Itoffersadiscountifyoubookearlier.C．Ithasafixedtimetableregardlessoftimezones.D．Itincludesoff-lineinteractiveactivitiesinChina.閱讀理解InVictorianTime,therewasastrangetapeworm(絳蟲)diet,inwhichdietersswallowedanunhatchedtapewormandletitgrowinsidethembyconsumingundigestedmeals.Obviously,thisisanexceptionallydangerousandunhealthywaytomanageyourweight.However,whilemodernpopulardietsaren'tusuallythisextreme,theydopromisesimilarresults;specifically,losingweightfast.So,arethereanyfastdietsthatdowork?Andareanyofthemactuallyhealthyforyou?SamandFelix,whoareidenticaltwinsareplanningtogoonadiet.Samishopingtoloseweightslowly,whileFelixwantstogofast.Sam'splanistograduallydecreasehiscalorieintakeandincreasehisregularexercise.Withlessenergycominginandmorebeingexpended,he'screatinganenergydeficitinsidehisbody.Tocompensate,after4to6hours,hisbodystartsburningfatcellsasamajorenergysourceforhisorgansandtissues.Felixaimstocreateasimilarenergydeficiencydramaticallycuttinghiscalorieintake.UnlikeSam,who'sstilleatingsmallermeals,Felixiseatingalmostnothing.Andhisbodyrespondsbygoingintoastarvationresponse.Desperateforenergy,hisbodystartsbreakingdownothermaterials,includinghismuscles.Meanwhile,Sam'sregularexerciseismaintaininghismusclemass.Thismeanshe'llusemoreenergybothduringexerciseandatrest,makingiteasierforhimtoloseweight.Felix,ontheotherhand,islosingmusclemassandburningfewercaloriesthaneverforhisbody'sbasicfunctions,makingweightlossevenmoredifficult.Whetheryou'recuttingcaloriesorfoodgroups,extremedietsareashocktoyoursystem.Manypeopleareoftenpressuredtodietforreasonsotherthanhealthorhappiness.Ratherthantryingtoloseweightfast,weshouldallbetakingourtimetofigureoutwhatthehealthiestlifestyleisforourselves.4．Whatisthefunctionofthefirstparagraph?A．Toattractreaders'attention.B．Tointroduceanoddfashion.C．Toleadinthetopicofthepassage.D．Topresentthebackgroundofthetopic.5．What'sthemeaningoftheunderlinedword"deficit"inparagraph3?A．Supply. B．Shortage. C．Circle. D．Source.6．WhydoesFelixloseweightmoredifficultly?A．Heisoverweight.B．Hedoesn'ttakeanyexercise.C．Hisbodygoesintoastarvationresponse.D．Hisbodydoesn'tconsumemorecalories.7．Whatdoesthewriterprobablyagreeto?A．Eatingless,restingmore.B．Havingavegetariandiet.C．Focusingonhealthnotweight.D．Takingexerciseasmuchaspossible.閱讀理解Anyimagetakenfromspaceconfirmsthatweliveonanoceanplanet.Howstrangethatwecallourplanet"Earth,"derivedfromaGermanicwordmeaning"theground,"whenmorethan70percentofitssurfaceiscoveredbyocean.Weneedmorepeopletoseethesea.Rightnow,lessthan3percentoftheoceanisconsideredhighlyprotected.Expertsurgethatatleast30percentbeprotectedtosafeguardmarine(海洋的)ecosystems,whichinturnwillhelpprotectourhealthandwell-being.Theoceansuppliesmorethanhalfouroxygen,absorbscarbondioxide,regulatesourclimate,andsupportsmuchoftheworld'seconomy.Weneeditalotmorethanitneedsus.TakeFlorida,forexample,oneoftheUnitedStates'recreationalhotspots.It'sborderedbytheFloridaReefTract,NorthAmerica'sonlylivingcoralbarrierreefandthethirdlargestintheworld.Hometomorethan500speciesoffish,thereefisalsoessentialtotheSunshineState'seconomy,generatinganestimated$1.1billionannuallyintourism.Thereefbuffers(保護)thecoastline,too,sincehealthycoralreefsabsorb97percentofawave'senergy.Three-quartersofFlorida's22millionpeoplelivealongthecoast,andtheFloridaReefTractprovidesmorethan$650millionincombinedeconomicactivityandfloodprotection.ANovember2022studyfromtheUniversityofMiamihasfoundthat70percentofFlorida'scoralreefsareexperiencinganetlossofreefhabitat.DirectlyfacingtheseconcernsiswhatImeanbyseeingthesea—thegood,thebad,theimportant.Knowledgeispower,andwecanuseittoinformourchoices,fromtravelingmoremindfully,toexamininghowwerunourbusinesses,tovoting."Noonecandoeverything,buteveryonecandosomething,"SylviaEarle,oceanographerandNationalGeographicExploreratLarge,isfondofsaying.Theoceanisaremarkableteacher,andit'snevertoolatetostartlearning.8．Whatdoestheseadoforourhuman?A．Theseachangesourclimate.B．Theseacontrolscarbondioxideforus.C．Theseaproducesalltheoxygenweneed.D．Theseaprovideseconomicalbenefitsforus.9．Whatdoesthewritersuggest?A．Travellingmore,learningmore.B．Runningourbusinesscreatively.C．Raisingawarenessofconservation.D．Doingsomevotingbeforeactions.10．Whereisthepassageprobablyfrom?A．Ascientificfiction. B．Anewsreport.C．Atraveljournal. D．Anaturalmagazine.11．Whatisasuitabletitleforthetext?A．ToHugtheOceanTightly.B．ToLearntheOceanDevotedly.C．ToCleantheOceanCarefully.D．ToLovetheOceanPermanently.閱讀理解Morethanathirdoftheworld'spopulationlivesindrylands.ScientistsattheUniversityofTexasatAustinhavedevelopedauniquesolutiontohelppeopleintheseareasaccesscleandrinkingwater.Theyhavedevelopedaspecialgel(凝膠)thatcanpullwaterfromtheairineventhedriestclimate.Combiningtwosimpleingredients,celluloseandkonjacgum(樹膠),thegelisinexpensivetoproduce.Justonekilogramofgelcanabsorbuptosixlitersofwaterinadryclimate.Forthoselivinginaclimatewithrelativehumidity(潮濕),onekilogramofgelcancollectupto13litersofwateraday.Asthegelissoinexpensiveandeasytomake,itmayofferawayofprovidingdrinkingwatertocountrieswithwatershortages.Previously,researchershaveharvestedfreshwaterfromfoganddew,butthatonlyservesareaswithhighhumidity.Otherattemptsatpullingwaterfromdesertairaretypicallyenergy-intensiveanddonotproducemuch.Infact,thisgelisavastimprovementfrompreviouswaterharvestingtechnologies.Thisnewgelusesnoenergyandissimpletooperateanditcanbemoldedintoashapeorsizethatbestsuitstheuser."Thisnewworkisaboutpracticalsolutionsthatpeoplecanusetogetwaterinthehottest,driestplacesonEarth,"saidGuihuaYu,professorattheCockrellSchoolofEngineering."Thiscouldallowmillionsofpeoplewithoutconsistentaccesstodrinkingwatertohavesimple,watergeneratingdevicesathomethattheycaneasilyoperate."Scientistsareplanningonmakingathickergelthatwillincreasetheyieldmakingthistechnologyapracticablesolutiontodrought.12．Whatdoweknowaboutthegelfromparagraph2?A．Itcanincreasethehumidityoftheair.B．Ithasbeenwidelyappliedindesertareas.C．Itcancollectdrinkingwaterfromtheair.D．Itcostslotsofmoneyandenergytoproduce.13．Whydoestheauthormentionpreviouswaterharvestingmethodsinparagraph3?A．Toprovetheadvantagesofthenewgel.B．Tostatetheprocessofmanufacturingthenewgel.C．Toshowthetoughlivingconditionsindryregions.D．Topresentthetheoryofwaterharvestingtechnologies.14．WhatisGuihuaYu'sattitudetowardsthegel?A．Objective. B．Negative. C．Sensitive. D．Positive.15．Whatwillscientistsintendtodonext?A．Producethegelonalargescale.B．Developthefunctionofthegel.C．Raisemoneyforfurtherresearch.D．Teachpeopletomakethegelathome.二、任務型閱讀(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(選項中有兩項為多余選項)。ThingstoExpectfromYourPeerTutoringSessionPeer(同齡人)tutoringisoneofthemosthelpfultoolstouseduringyourcollegeyears.16．Thereisprobablynobetterwaytogetsomeefficientassistancethanthatfromyourfellowstudents.Peertutorsareunderstanding,helpful,andespeciallyhonestenoughtohelpyouout.Expectconstructivecriticism.Thiswillprobablybethemostuncomfortablepartofthesession.Tutorsarebeingstrictwithyounotbecausetheywanttobemeanandruinyourexistence.17．Theonlywayforthemtoensurethisistobecompletelyhonestwithyou.18．Everytutorhasadifferentlearningstyleandteachingstylethatisuniquetothem,butitisuptoyoutousewhattheyteachyoutoyourbestability.Ifatutorteachesyouhowtosolveamathprobleminawaythatmakessensetoyou,butisalsodifferentfromwhatyouhavelearnedinclass,youwillhavetousethatmethodbecauseitworksforyou.Changeisgoodandisnothingtobeafraidof.Expectdiscipline.19．Wearehumans,ithappens.Itisnothingtobeashamedof.However,ifatutornoticesthatyouhavebeenslackingoff(懈怠),don'tbesurprisediftheycallyououtonit.Yourtutorwantsyoutouseyourpotentialtodothegreatthingsthattheyknowyouarecapableof.Expectimprovement.Lastbutnotleast,expecttoimprove.20．Onceyoupracticewhatyouhavelearnedinthesession,youwillnoticearapidchangeinyourgradesandyourlearningability.A.Expectchange.B.Expectcooperation.C.Sometimes,wealltrytogetbywithalittleless.D.Theysimplywantyoutobethebestwithyourability.E.Feelfortunatethatyourpeertutorisrecognizingyourmistakes.F.Sometimes,youmaymeetsomeacademicproblemsandneedhelp.G.Peertutoringcanbedifficult,butitsultimategoalisforyoutoimprove.三、完形填空(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Standingontheshoreofalake,Ican'thelpbutbesurprisedatthethousandsofsmallrocksthatsurroundmyboots.Theywereallcreatedfromhardsurfaces,theiredgesturning21．overtime.AndIwonder,canwelearnfromapileofrocks?Once,Itoowasasharprockcoveredwith22．.Today,afterdecadesofthewatersoflife23．overme,myedgesaresofter.I'mlesslikelyto24．andmoreinterestedinunderstandingothersandlearninghowwecanexisttogether.Twoyearsago,whiletravelinginthePacificNorthwestduringthepandemic,Iwatchedarestaurantowneraskseveralpeopletoleavefornotwearingmasks.Onthedoor25．asign:"Pleasewearamaskbeforeenteringourrestaurant.Wedon'tlikeiteither,butlet'salldowhatwecanto26．thistogether."Thegroupofyoungmenwishedto27．aboutthenote.Isatwatching,28．bothsides.I'vebeenthoseguysbefore,usingmyyouthfuledgestochipawayat(不停地鑿)theworld.WhatIlost,29．,wastheabilityto30．fromexperiencesbylookingthroughtheeyesofothers.Inlearningtobemore31．,I'vealsofoundmorehappinessandsuccess.Youcanfitmore32．rocksinajarthanthosewithsharpedges.Theformerlookforwaysto33．andmakeroomforothers;thelatternevergiveaninchtoaccommodateothers.Time,likethewatersrollingagainstoncesharpstones,34．usbywashingawayourresistancetoseeingtheworldfromothers'pointofview.Iplacedaroundstoneintomyjacketpocket.MotherNatureisgivinga35．again.21．A．sharper B．softer C．harder D．stronger22．A．holes B．colors C．edges D．circles23．A．flowing B．looking C．taking D．thinking24．A．dream B．abandon C．judge D．panic25．A．read B．came C．wrote D．found26．A．comeacross B．putaside C．setdown D．getthrough27．A．agree B．argue C．go D．worry28．A．praising B．understanding C．remembering D．pleasing29．A．furthermore B．therefore C．besides D．however30．A．arise B．separate C．benefit D．shift31．A．open B．optimistic C．independent D．critical32．A．square B．heavy C．tiny D．round33．A．increase B．adjust C．compete D．resist34．A．changes B．criticizes C．follows D．accompanies35．A．shock B．task C．lesson D．chance四、語法填空(共10小題;每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當單詞或括號內單詞的正確形式。Thefirstfoldingfansweremadearound1000A.D.inChina,andwerebroughttoEuropebyPortuguesetradersintheearly1500s.Onetypeoffoldingfans36．(compose)ofsticksofidenticallengthheldtogetheratthebottomwithacurvedleafofpaper,silk,laceorothermaterialsgluedtothesticks.37．typeoffoldingfanisthebriséfan,38．(consist)onlyofdecorativestickswithnopleased(起褶的)leaf.Thebriséfanwaspopularinthe17thandearly18thcenturies,butwasneveraswidespreadasthefoldingfanwithapaintedandpleatedleaf.However,inthelate18thandearly19thcentury39．(small)fanshadcomeintofashion,perhapsduetothenarrower,high-waisteddressesthatcouldnolongeraccommodatelargepocketsbeneath,40．onecouldputalargefan.Thesmallerfan,often41．(call)"opera"size,couldhave42．(easy)slippedintoahandbag.Whateverthereason,smallerfanssaw43．increaseinpopularityduringthisperiod.The44．(carve)ofthebriséfanissodelicatethatitcansetsomefashionableladiesapart45．othersinaparty.Theycarriedbriséfanstomaketheirsimplicityechothegeneralsimplicityofdress.五、寫作(共兩節，滿分40分)46．假如你是學生會主席李華，你所就讀的高中準備舉辦心理健康月系列活動。你得知美國筆友Rogers最近組織過類似的活動，請你寫一封電子郵件，向Rogers咨詢以下內容：

1.活動準備；

2.活動安排；

3.注意事項。注意：

1.寫作詞數應為80左右；

2.可適當增加細節，以使行文連貫。參考詞匯：心理健康月MonthofPsychologicalHealthDearRogers,……Yours,LiHua47．閱讀下面短文，根據所給情節進行續寫，使之構成一個完整的故事。AnAforMrs.BIwassittingnexttoMissyinmyninth-gradeworldhistoryclasswhenMrs.Bartlettannouncedanewproject.Ingroups,weweretocreateanewspaperaroundtheculturewewerestudying.Onapieceofpaper,wewrotethenamesofthreefriendswewantedinourgroup.Aftercollectingalltherequests,Mrs.B.informedusthatshewouldtakeintoconsiderationthenameswechoseandwouldletusknowtheresultsthenextday.IhadnodoubtIwouldgetthegroupofmychoice.Onlyafewpeoplebehavednormallyintheclass,andMissywasoneofthem.Iknewwehadchoseneachother.Thenextday,Ianxiouslywaitedfortheclass.Afterthebellrang,MissyandIstoppedtalkingasMrs.Bcalledforourattention.Shestartedtocalloutnames.Whenshereachedgroupthree,Missy'snamewascalled.So,I'mingroupthree,Ithought.Thesecond,thirdandfourthmembersofthegroupwerecalled.Mynamewasnotincluded.Therehadtobesomemistake!ThenIheardit.Thelastgroup:"Mauro,Juliette,Rachel,Karina."Icouldfeelthetearswellinmyeyes.HowcouldIfacebeinginthatgroup—theboywhorarelyspokeEnglish,theonegirlwhowasalwayscoveredbyskirtsthatwentdowntoherankles,andtheothergirlwhoworeweirdclothes.Oh,howbadlyIwantedtobewithmyfriends.IfoughtbacktearsasIwalkeduptoMrs.B.ShelookedatmeandknewwhatIwastherefor.IwasdeterminedtoconvinceherIshouldbeinthe"good"group."Why……?"Istarted.Shegentlyplacedahandonmyshoulder."Iknowwhatyouwant,Karina,"shesaid,"butyourgroupneedsyou.Ineedyoutohelpthemgetapassinggradeonthisassignment.Onlyyoucanhelpthem."Iwasstunned.Iwasconfused.Iwasamazed.ShehadseensomethinginmeIhadn'tseen."Willyouhelpthem?"sheasked.Istoodstraighter."Yes,"Ireplied.Icouldn'tbelieveitcameoutofmymouth,butitdid.Ihadcommitted.注意：1.續寫詞數應為150左右；2.請按如下格式在答題卡的相應位置作答。Para1:Ibravelywalkedtowheretheothersinmygroupsat.……Para2:Intheend,Mrs.BgaveusanAonthatassignment.

答案解析部分【答案】1．B2．A3．B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇應用文，是一則漢語夏令營的廣告，介紹了針對人群、要求和活動。

【點評】考查閱讀理解，包含細節理解題，是一篇介紹類閱讀，注意先略讀文章，掌握文章大意，再分析題干及選項，到文中找到相關內容并進行理解。1．考查細節理解。根據Intro部分中的"OurOnlineChineseSummerCampprogramisawonderful,immersive(沉浸式的)onlineChineselearningexperiencespecificallydesignedforlearningChineseremotely."我們的在線漢語夏令營項目是一個美妙的，身臨其境的在線漢語學習體驗，專門為遠程學習漢語而設計；以及CampContent部分中的"InteractiveChineselessons,culturalactivitiesandvirtualtrips"交互式漢語課程、文化活動和虛擬旅行。可知，該項目的特色是為學習者提供交互式的在線課程。故選B。2．考查細節理解。根據表格中CONTENT部分中的"√Funandinteractiveonlinelessonstoimprove4languageskills:Listening,Speaking,Reading&Writing"趣味互動在線課程提升聽，說，讀，寫4項語言能力。可知，孩子們在中文營可以提高綜合漢語水平，故選A。3．考查細節理解。根據最后一段中的"Don'tforgettoaskusaboutearlybirdprice!"別忘了問我們關于早鳥的價格！可知，"早鳥價"指的是提前購買會有很大優惠的票，因此，如果你提前預訂票，會有折扣。故選B。【答案】4．C5．B6．D7．C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，作者通過一對同卵雙胞胎山姆和菲利克斯進行節食減肥的對比表明極端節食并不能達到減肥的效果，人們應該更關注健康而不是體重，要通過健康的飲食和適當的鍛煉達到理想體重。

【點評】本題考點涉及細節理解，詞義猜測和推理判斷三個題型的考查，是一篇健康類閱讀，考生需要準確捕捉細節信息的，并根據上下文的邏輯關系，進行分析，推理，從而選出正確答案。4．考查推理判斷。根據第一段中的"So,arethereanyfastdietsthatdowork?Andareanyofthemactuallyhealthyforyou?"那么，有沒有有效的快速減肥飲食呢？它們真的對你健康嗎？可知，第一段講述維多利亞時期一些人通過食用未孵化的絳蟲減肥這個故事是為了引入文章主題。故選C。5．考查詞義猜測。根據第三段中的"Withlessenergycominginandmorebeingexpended"攝入的能量更少，消耗的能量更多。可知，此處是指造成能量缺口，可推知劃線詞deficit意為"缺口，虧空"。故選B。6．考查細節理解。根據第四段中的"Felix,ontheotherhand,islosingmusclemassandburningfewercaloriesthaneverforhisbody'sbasicfunctions,makingweightlossevenmoredifficult."另一方面，菲利克斯的肌肉量正在減少，身體基本功能所需的卡路里消耗也比以往任何時候都少，這使得減肥變得更加困難。可知，菲利克斯減肥更困難的原因是他的身體沒有消耗更多的卡路里。故選D。7．考查推理判斷。根據最后一段中的"Ratherthantryingtoloseweightfast,weshouldallbetakingourtimetofigureoutwhatthehealthiestlifestyleisforourselves."與其試圖快速減肥，我們都應該花時間找出最健康的生活方式是什么。可知，作者可能認同"關注健康而不是體重"的觀點。故選C。【答案】8．D9．C10．D11．B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇議論文，地球表面的70%以上都被海洋覆蓋。作者通過舉例分析，呼吁人們了解給我們帶來健康和福祉的海洋，從而保護海洋。

【點評】本題考點涉及細節理解，推理判斷和主旨大意三個題型的考查，是一篇環保類閱讀，通讀全文，理解文章大意，閱讀題目后返回原文閱讀并找出與題目相對應的內容，仔細核對，選擇符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次閱讀并檢查。8．考查細節理解。根據第二段中的"Theoceansuppliesmorethanhalfouroxygen,absorbscarbondioxide,regulatesourclimate,andsupportsmuchoftheworld'seconomy.Weneeditalotmorethanitneedsus."海洋為我們提供了一半以上的氧氣，吸收二氧化碳，調節氣候，并支撐著世界大部分經濟。比起它需要我們，我們更需要它。可知，海洋為我們提供經濟效益。故選D。9．考查推理判斷。根據倒數第二段中的"DirectlyfacingtheseconcernsiswhatImeanbyseeingthesea—thegood,thebad,theimportant.Knowledgeispower,andwecanuseittoinformourchoices,fromtravelingmoremindfully,toexamininghowwerunourbusinesses,tovoting."直接面對這些問題就是我所說的看海的意思——好的，壞的，重要的。知識就是力量，我們可以用它來指導我們的選擇，從更謹慎地旅行，到檢查我們如何經營我們的企業，再到投票。可知，作者建議我們面對所有的問題，用知識指導選擇，謹慎旅游，核查企業經營模式等，可推斷，要提高環保意識。故選C。10．考查推理判斷。根據第二段中的"Weneedmorepeopletoseethesea.Rightnow,lessthan3percentoftheoceanisconsideredhighlyprotected.Expertsurgethatatleast30percentbeprotectedtosafeguardmarine(海洋的)ecosystems,whichinturnwillhelpprotectourhealthandwell-being."我們需要更多的人去看海。目前，只有不到3%的海洋被認為是高度保護的。專家敦促至少要保護30%的海洋生態系統，這反過來又有助于保護我們的健康和福祉；以及全文內容可知，作者通過舉例分析，呼吁人們了解海洋，保護海洋。因此推斷文章可能選擇自然雜志，故選D。11．考查主旨大意。根據第二段中的"Weneedmorepeopletoseethesea.Rightnow,lessthan3percentoftheoceanisconsideredhighlyprotected.Expertsurgethatatleast30percentbeprotectedtosafeguardmarine(海洋的)ecosystems,whichinturnwillhelpprotectourhealthandwell-being."我們需要更多的人去看海。目前，只有不到3%的海洋被認為是高度保護的。專家敦促至少要保護30%的海洋生態系統，這反過來又有助于保護我們的健康和福祉；以及最后一段中的"Theoceanisaremarkableteacher,andit'snevertoolatetostartlearning."海洋是一位了不起的老師，開始了解永遠不會太晚。可知，作者通過舉例分析，呼吁人們了解給我們帶來健康和福祉的海洋，從而保護海洋。"一心一意地了解海洋"適合做本文標題，故選B。【答案】12．C13．A14．D15．B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，世界上超過三分之一的人口生活在干旱地區。德克薩斯大學奧斯汀分校的科學家們開發了一種特殊的凝膠，有望幫助這些地區的人們獲得清潔的飲用水。

【點評】本題考點涉及細節理解和推理判斷兩個題型的考查，是一篇科技類閱讀，首先要仔細閱讀短文，掌握大意，然后結合具體的題目，再讀短文，從中找出相關信息，就可以確定正確答案。12．考查細節理解。根據第二段中的"Theyhavedevelopedaspecialgel(凝膠)thatcanpullwaterfromtheairineventhedriestclimate."他們開發了一種特殊的凝膠，即使在最干燥的氣候下也能從空氣中吸收水分；以及"Asthegelissoinexpensiveandeasytomake,itmayofferawayofprovidingdrinkingwatertocountrieswithwatershortages."由于這種凝膠既便宜又容易制造，它可能為缺水國家提供飲用水。可知，從第二段中可以了解到這種凝膠可以從空氣中收集飲用水。故選C。13．考查推理判斷。根據第三段中的"Infact,thisgelisavastimprovementfrompreviouswaterharvestingtechnologies.Thisnewgelusesnoenergyandissimpletooperateanditcanbemoldedintoashapeorsizethatbestsuitstheuser."事實上，這種凝膠是對以前的集水技術的巨大改進。這種新型凝膠不消耗能量，操作簡單，可以塑造成最適合用戶的形狀或大小。可知，作者在第3段提到以前的集水方法是為了表明新凝膠的優點。故選A。14．考查推理判斷。根據第四段中的"Thisnewworkisaboutpracticalsolutionsthatpeoplecanusetogetwaterinthehottest,driestplacesonEarth"這項新工作是關于實用的解決方案，人們可以用它在地球上最熱、最干燥的地方取水；以及"Thiscouldallowmillionsofpeoplewithoutconsistentaccesstodrinkingwatertohavesimple,watergeneratingdevicesathomethattheycaneasilyoperate."這將使數百萬無法持續獲得飲用水的人在家中擁有簡單的水生成設備，并且易于操作。可知，余桂華對新凝膠的態度是積極的。故選D。15．考查細節理解。根據最后一段"Scientistsareplanningonmakingathickergelthatwillincreasetheyield,makingthistechnologyapracticablesolutiontodrought."科學家們正計劃制造一種更厚的凝膠，以提高產量，使這項技術成為解決干旱的可行方案。可知，科學家們接下來打算開發這種凝膠的功能。故選B。【答案】16．F；17．D；18．A；19．C；20．G【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，同齡人輔導是你大學期間最有用的工具之一，當你在學業上遇到困難時從你的同學那里獲得有效幫助是最好的方法，介紹了從同齡人輔導中可以期待的事情。

【點評】考查七選五，本文第一篇教育類閱讀，要求在理解細節信息的基礎上，著重考查對上下文的理解和推理判斷能力。16．根據空后"Thereisprobablynobetterwaytogetsomeefficientassistancethanthatfromyourfellowstudents."也許沒有比從你的同學那里獲得有效幫助更好的方法了；以及空前"Peer(同齡人)tutoringisoneofthemosthelpfultoolstouseduringyourcollegeyears."同齡人輔導是你大學期間最有用的工具之一。可知，此處是指當你在學業上遇到困難時從你的同學那里獲得有效幫助是最好的方法，F.Sometimes,youmaymeetsomeacademicproblemsandneedhelp."有時，你可能會遇到一些學業問題，需要幫助。"承上啟下，符合語境，故選F。17．根據空前"Tutorsarebeingstrictwithyounotbecausetheywanttobemeanandruinyourexistence."導師對你嚴格，不是因為他們想要刻薄，毀掉你的生活。可知，此處是指同齡人導師嚴格是為了讓你做到最好，D.Theysimplywantyoutobethebestwithyourability."他們只是想讓你用你的能力做到最好。"符合語境，故選D。18．根據空后"Changeisgoodandisnothingtobeafraidof."改變是好的，沒有什么好害怕的。可知，此處是指要期待改變，A.Expectchange."期待改變。"符合語境，故選A。19．根據空后"However,ifatutornoticesthatyouhavebeenslackingoff(懈怠),don'tbesurprisediftheycallyououtonit"然而，當一個導師注意到你一直在偷懶，如果他們指責你，不要感到驚訝。可知，此處是指有時候我們會偷懶，C.Sometimes,wealltrytogetbywithalittleless."有時候，我們都試圖用更少的精力來應付。"符合語境，故選C。20．根據空前"Expectimprovement.Lastbutnotleast,expecttoimprove."期待進步。最后但并非最不重要的一點是，期待進步。可知，此處是指同齡人輔導的終極目的是讓你進步，G.Peertutoringcanbedifficult,butitsultimategoalisforyoutoimprove."同齡人輔導可能很難，但它的最終目標是讓你進步。"符合語境，故選G。【答案】21．B；22．C；23．A；24．C；25．A；26．D；27．B；28．B；29．D；30．C；31．A；32．D；33．B；34．A；35．C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。作者把自己比作石頭，把時間和人生比作流水。時間如流水，磨平了作者的棱角，讓他變得更柔軟，讓他更愿意去理解和與人共處，給他帶來快樂和成功。

【點評】考查完形填空，本題考點涉及動詞，名詞，形容詞，固定短語等多個知識點的考查，是一篇人生感悟類，要求考生在理解細節信息的基礎上，進一步根據上下文的邏輯關系，進行分析推理，從而選出正確答案。21．句意：它們都是由堅硬的表面制成的，隨著時間的推移，它們的邊緣會變得更軟。A.sharper"更鋒利的"；B.softer"更柔和的"；C.harder"更難的"；D.stronger"更強壯的"。根據上文"Standingontheshoreofalake,Ican'thelpbutbesurprisedatthethousandsofsmallrocksthatsurroundmyboots."和下文中的"Iplacedaroundstoneintomyjacketpocket."可知，作者周圍都是圓圓的石頭，它們的棱角都變得柔和。故選B。22．句意：曾經，我也是一塊布滿棱角的尖石。A.holes"洞"；B.colors"顏色"；C.edges"邊緣，棱角"；D.circles"圓圈"。根據空前"Itoowasasharprock"可知，作者把自己比作鋒利的石頭，布滿棱角。故選C。23．句意：今天，幾十年的人生如流水從我身上淌過，我的棱角變得柔軟了。A.flowing"流淌"；B.looking"看"；C.taking"拿"；D.thinking"考慮"。根據空前"Once,Itoowasasharprock"和下文"Time,likethewatersrollingagainstoncesharpstones,14usbywashingawayourresistancetoseeingtheworldfromothers'pointofview."可知，作者把自己比作石頭，把時間和人生比作流水，"流水"淌過，鋒芒盡失。故選A。24．句意：我不太愿意去評判別人，我更感興趣的是理解別人和學習如何與人共處。A.dream"夢想"；B.abandon"放棄"；C.judge"評判，指責"；D.panic"驚慌"。根據空后"moreinterestedinunderstandingothersandlearninghowwecanexisttogether"可知，作者更愿意去理解和共處，而不是評判或指責。故選C。25．句意：門上牌子寫著："請戴上口罩進入我們的餐廳。我們也不喜歡這樣，但讓我們盡我們所能一起度過難關。"。A.read"有……的字樣，寫著"；B.came"來"；C.wrote"寫"；D.found"發現"。根據空后"Pleasewearamaskbeforeenteringourrestaurant.Wedon'tlikeiteither,butlet'salldowhatwecanto6thistogether."可知，這是門上的牌子上面寫的內容。故選A。26．句意：門上牌子寫著："請戴上口罩進入我們的餐廳。我們也不喜歡這樣，但讓我們盡我們所能一起度過難關。"。A.comeacross"遇到"；B.putaside"把放到一旁"；C.setdown"寫下"；D.getthrough"度過"。根據上文"Twoyearsago,whiletravelinginthePacificNorthwestduringthepandemic"和空前"let'salldowhatwecan"可知，在大流行期間，店主號召人們一起努力共度難關。故選D。27．句意：這群年輕人想為那張紙條理論一番。A.agree"同意"；B.argue"爭辯，提出質疑"；C.go"去"；D.worry"擔心"。根據空前"Thegroupofyoungmenwishedto"和下文"Isatwatching"可推知，對于店主的規定，這群年輕人有不同的想法，提出質疑，所以作者坐下來旁觀。故選B。28．句意：我坐在那里看著，我能理解雙方。A.praising"表揚"；B.understanding"理解"；C.remembering"記住"；D.pleasing"討好"。根據上文"I'mlesslikelyto4andmoreinterestedinunderstandingothersandlearninghowwecanexisttogether."可推知，作者能理解雙方。故選B。29．句意：然而，我失去的是通過他人的視角從經歷中獲益的能力。A.furthermore"此外"；B.therefore"因此"；C.besides"另外"；D.however"然而"。根據空前"usingmyyouthfuledgestochipawayat(不停地鑿)theworld"說作者年輕時想用自己的棱角去鑿平這個世界；以及空前"WhatIlost"說發現自己失去了一些東西，上下文有轉折關系。故選D。30．句意：然而，我失去的是通過他人的視角從經歷中獲益的能力。A.arise"出現"；B.separate"分開"；C.benefit"受益"；D.shift"轉變"。根據空前"WhatIlost"可推知，作者對年少時自己的做法感到懊惱，可推知，他失去的東西應該是從經歷中獲益的能力。故選C。31．句意：在學習更開放的過程中，我也找到了更多的快樂和成功。A.open"開放的"；B.optimistic"樂觀的"；C.independent"獨立的"；D.critical"批評的"。根據下文"Time,likethewatersrollingagainstoncesharpstones,14usbywashingawayourresistancetoseeingtheworldfromothers'pointofview."可知，時間讓作者不再抗拒從別人的角度看世