2024年中考第二次模擬考試（廣州卷）英語（全解全析）（考試時間：100分鐘試卷滿分：90分）注意事項：1．答卷前，考生務必將自己的姓名、準考證號填寫在答題卡上。2．回答第Ⅰ卷時，選出每小題答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對應題目的答案標號涂黑。如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標號。寫在本試卷上無效。3．回答第Ⅱ卷時，將答案寫在答題卡上。寫在本試卷上無效。4．考試結束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。一、語法選擇(本題15小題；每小題1分，共15分)Oneday,Ihadamealin1expensiverestaurant.Ayoungcouplewithasmallboyorderedapieceofthecheapestbeefsteak.“Sir,anythingelse?Onepieceisnotenoughforallofyou!”Thewaitersaid.Thedadwasalittle2.Hesaid,“Thanks.It’senough.Wejustwanttobringtheguytohavebeefsteak,andwe3supper.”Iwatch4forawhile.Ifoundthattheparentsnotonlytooktheboytohavebeefsteak,butalsoregardedasaprocessof5.Theparentstaughtthekid6tousetheknifeandforkandtoldhimsometablemanners.I’dlike7goodfriendswiththefamily.ThenIwalkedoverandasked8.“9Ioffereachofyouacupofcoffee?”Theyacceptedmycoffeewithasmile.Webegantochat.“Tobehonest,weareverypoor,10wecan’taffordanyexpensivefoodatall.However,wehaveeveryconfidenceinourboy.Helivesinapoorfamily,butIbelievehe11greatsuccessinthefuture.That’swhyweteachhimthegoodtablemanners,”saidthedad.“Wehopeourkidcanbeaperson12respectshimselfandothers.”Webecamefriendsandgotonwell13eachother.Afterwards,greatprogress14bythekid,andhesucceeded.AndIhavethehonortodrinkacupofcoffeefromhim,especiallyin15restaurantinEngland.1．A．a B．an C．the D．/2．A．embarrass B．embarrassed C．embarrassing D．embarrassment3．A．eat B．areeating C．haveeaten D．willeat4．A．they B．them C．their D．theirs5．A．learn B．learns C．tolearn D．learning6．A．how B．what C．why D．who7．A．become B．becoming C．tobecome D．becomes8．A．polite B．politeness C．politely D．politer9．A．May B．Must C．Need D．Should10．A．but B．or C．because D．so11．A．achieves B．hasachieved C．achieved D．willachieve12．A．who B．which C．when D．where13．A．of B．with C．from D．in14．A．makes B．made C．hasmade D．wasmade15．A．expensive B．moreexpensive C．themostexpensive D．mostexpensive【答案】1．B2．B3．C4．B5．D6．A7．C8．C9．A10．D11．D12．A13．B14．D15．C【導語】本文講述了作者看見一對夫婦帶著自己兒子去餐廳吃牛排。他們雖然窮，但是相信自己的兒子將來一定會取得很大成就的，于是就教他良好的餐桌禮儀。作者請他們喝咖啡，和他們成為了朋友。后來，這個男孩取得了成功，并請作者在英國最豪華的餐廳喝咖啡。1．句意：有一天，我在一家豪華餐廳吃飯。a一個，修飾輔音音素開頭的單詞；an一個，修飾元音音素開頭的單詞；the那個，表示特指；/是零冠詞。restaurant是可數名詞單數，此處表示泛指，且“expensive”是元音音素開頭，因此用不定冠詞an修飾，故選B。2．句意：這位父親有點尷尬。embarrass使尷尬；embarrassed尷尬的；embarrassing令人尷尬的；embarrassment尷尬。作為系動詞“was”的表語，用形容詞，主語是“Thedad”，因此描述人的感受，用embarrassed，故選B。3．句意：我們只是想帶他去吃牛排，我們已經吃過晚飯了。eat吃，是一般現在時；areeating吃，是現在進行時；haveeaten吃，是現在完成時；willeat吃，是一般將來時。根據“Wejustwanttobringtheguytohavebeefsteak”可知，我們只是帶他來吃牛排，因此表示我們已經吃過晚飯了，用現在完成時表示已經做了某事，故選C。4．句意：我觀察了他們一會兒。they他們，是主格形式；them他們，是賓格形式；their他們的，是形容詞性物主代詞；theirs他們的（東西），是名詞性物主代詞。作為動詞“watch”的賓語，用賓格形式，故選B。5．句意：我發現父母不僅帶著那個男孩去吃牛排，而且把它當成一個學習的過程。learn學習，是動詞原形；learns學習，是一般現在時的第三人稱單數形式；tolearn學習，是動詞不定式；learning學習，是動名詞或現在分詞。作為介詞“of”的賓語，用動名詞，故選D。6．句意：父母教孩子如何使用刀叉，并告訴他一些餐桌禮儀。how如何；what什么；why為什么；whose誰的。根據“toldhimsometablemanners”可知，告訴他餐桌禮儀，因此是在教他如何使用刀叉，故選A。7．句意：我想成為這一家人的好朋友。become成為，是動詞原形；becoming成為，是現在分詞或動名詞；tobecome成為，是動詞不定式；becomes成為，是一般現在時的第三人稱單數形式。wouldliketodosth“想要做某事”，空處使用動詞不定式，故選C。8．句意：然后我走過去，禮貌地問：“我可以請你們每人喝杯咖啡嗎？”polite有禮貌的，是形容詞；politeness禮貌，是名詞；politely有禮貌地，是副詞；politer更有禮貌的，是形容詞。修飾動詞“asked”用副詞，故選C。9．句意：然后我走過去，禮貌地問：“我可以請你們每人喝杯咖啡嗎？”May可以；Must必須；Need需要；Should應該。根據后文的“Theyacceptedmycoffeewithasmile.”可知，他們接受了我的咖啡，因此表示我請他們喝咖啡，用MayI...?“我可以……嗎？”，故選A。10．句意：老實說，我們很窮，所以我們根本買不起任何昂貴的食物。but但是；or或者；because因為；so所以。結合句意，前半句表示我們非常窮，后半句表示我們買不起任何昂貴的食物，后半句表示結果，用連詞“so”引導，故選D。11．句意：他生活在一個貧窮的家庭，但我相信他將在未來取得巨大的成功。achieves完成，是一般現在時的第三人稱單數形式；hasachieved完成，是現在完成時；achieved完成，是一般過去時；willachieve完成，是一般將來時。根據“inthefuture”可知，此處用一般將來時，故選D。12．句意：我們希望我們的孩子成為一個既尊重自己又尊重他人的人。who引導定語從句，修飾人；which引導定語從句，修飾事物；when引導定語從句，修飾時間；where引導定語從句，修飾地點。先行詞為“person”，表示人，因此用who引導定語從句，故選A。13．句意：我們成了朋友，相處得很好。of……的；with和……在一起；from來自；in在……里。getonwellwithsb“和某人相處得好”，故選B。14．句意：后來，孩子取得了很大的進步，他成功了。makes做出，是一般現在時；made做出，是一般過去時；hasmade做出，是現在完成時；wasmade被做出，是一般過去時的被動語態。根據“bythekid,andhesucceeded”可知，此處用一般過去時的被動語態，故選D。15．句意：我有幸喝了一杯他的咖啡，特別是在英國最豪華的餐廳。expensive昂貴的；moreexpensive更昂貴的；themostexpensive最昂貴的，定冠詞+形容詞最高級；mostexpensive最昂貴的。根據“inEngland”可知，比較范圍在三者以上，因此用最高級，形容詞的最高級前用定冠詞the修飾，故選C。二、完形填空（本題10小題；每小題1分，共10分)閱讀下面短文，理解大意，然后從各小題的四個選項中選出一個最佳答案，使短文連貫完整。CashDaniels,a12-year-oldboy,lovesnatureandwantstoprotectourplanet.HegrewupneartheTennesseeRiverandwas16tolearnthatitisoneofthemostpollutedriversintheworld.He17hehadtoact.Atfirst,Cashandhisparentsworkedto18garbageneartheTennesseeRiver.Butsoonherealizedhewouldneedmorehelp.SohestartedorganizingcleanupsoftheTennesseeRiverwithhisfriends,neighborsandvolunteers.Mostofthemwerefromthecommunity.Cashalsowroteachildren’sbookaboutriverpollutiontohelpothers19whyitwassoimportanttoprotectourplanet.Heevenslowlyraisedenough20toplace17recyclingdustbinsalongtheriver.Cash’s21workanddevotion(奉獻)havehadabiginfluenceinhishometown.Hewasgiven“GreenYouth”forhisefforttoprotecttheenvironmentin2021.ButCashisn’tstoppingthere.Heknowsthere’sstill22worktodo.Hewantstotravelaroundtheworld,teachothersabouttheoceananditscreatures(生物),and23peopletoprotectit.Cashbelievesthateverylittle24countsandthateveryonecanmakeapositivechange.Heencourageseveryonetostandupandtakepartinprotectingour25.16．A．happy B．sad C．nervous D．afraid17．A．hid B．avoided C．refused D．knew18．A．pickup B．lookup C．setup D．getup19．A．express B．compare C．understand D．develop20．A．jobs B．money C．hobbies D．clubs21．A．hard B．common C．terrible D．safe22．A．less B．worse C．more D．slower23．A．decide B．encourage C．manage D．choose24．A．interview B．courage C．direction D．action25．A．dream B．speech C．planet D．website【答案】16．B17．D18．A19．C20．B21．A22．C23．B24．D25．C【導語】本文主要介紹了卡什·丹尼爾斯從小就對保護地球充滿了熱情，他先從清理河流沿岸開始，并將此發展成為一項人們可以廣泛參與的活動。16．句意：他在田納西河附近長大，當得知這是世界上污染最嚴重的河流之一時，他感到很難過。happy開心的；sad傷心的；nervous緊張的；afraid害怕的。根據“thatitisoneofthemostpollutedriversintheworld”可知，知道自己所在的田納西河是世界上污染最嚴重的河流之一時，他應該很難過，故選B。17．句意：他知道他必須采取行動。hid隱藏；avoided避免；refused拒絕；knew知道。根據“hehadtoact.”可知，當他知道這條河流被嚴重污染時，他知道他必須采取行動。故選D。18．句意：起初，卡什和他的父母在田納西河附近撿垃圾。pickup撿起；lookup查閱；setup建立；getup起床。根據“garbageneartheTennesseeRiver.”可知，是指撿垃圾，故選A。19．句意：卡什還寫了一本關于河流污染的兒童讀物，以幫助其他人理解為什么保護我們的星球如此重要。express表達；compare比較；understand理解；develop發展。根據“whyitwassoimportanttoprotectourplanet.”可知，這本兒童讀物幫助他人理解為什么保護我們的星球如此重要。故選C。20．句意：他甚至慢慢籌到了足夠的錢，在河邊放置了17個回收垃圾箱。jobs工作；money金錢；hobbies愛好；clubs俱樂部。根據“raised”可知，籌集的是金錢，故選B。21．句意：卡什的辛勤工作和奉獻精神在他的家鄉產生了很大的影響。hard艱苦的；common常見的；terrible糟糕的；safe安全的。根據“workanddevotion(奉獻)”可知，是指艱苦工作和奉獻，故選A。22．句意：他知道還有更多的工作要做。less更少；worse更壞的；more更多的；slower更慢的。根據“ButCashisn’tstoppingthere.”可知，他并沒有停下來，因為他知道還有更多的工作要做。故選C。23．句意：他想環游世界，教別人關于海洋和海洋生物的知識，并鼓勵人們保護海洋。decide決定；encourage鼓勵；manage管理；choose選擇。根據“peopletoprotectit.”可知，他想鼓勵人們保護海洋，故選B。24．句意：卡什相信，每一個小小的行動都很重要，每個人都可以做出積極的改變。interview面試；courage勇氣；direction方向；action行動。根據“everylittle...countsandthateveryonecanmakeapositivechange”可知，每一個小小的行動都很重要。故選D。25．句意：他鼓勵每個人站起來，參與保護我們的星球。dream夢想；speech演講；planet星球；website網站。根據“protectingour”可知，保護的是地球，故選C。閱讀理解(共兩節，滿分35分)閱讀理解（共15小題，每小題2分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，掌握大意，然后從26-40各題所給的A、B、C、D項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。ALifeisfullofsurprisesandyouneverknowhowthingswillturnout.SirJohnGurdonisagoodexampleofthis.Asaboy,hewastoldthathewashopelessatScienceandwasatthebottomofhisclass.Later,aged79,theverysameGurdonsharedthe2012NobelPrizeinPhysiologyorMedicinewithJapanesestemcell(干細胞)researcherShinyaYamanaka.Likesomanyscientists,Gurdonshowsuswherethepowerofcuriosityandperseverancecanleadto.Attheageof15in1948,Gurdonrankedlastoutthe250boysathishighschoolinBiology.Gurdon’shighschoolscienceteacherevensaidthathisdreamofbecomingascientistwas“quiteridiculous.”Inspiteofhisteacher’scriticisms,Gurdonfollowedhiscuriosityandkeptworkinghard.Hewenttothelabearlierandleftlaterthananyoneelse.Heexperiencedthousandsoffailures.“Myownbeliefisthatwewill,intheend,understandeverythingabouthowcellsactuallywork,”Gurdonsaid.Inthe1960s,Gurdontookacellfromanadultfrogandmoveditsgeneticinformationintoaneggcell.Theeggcellthengrewintoaclone(克隆)oftheadultfrog.ThistechniquelaterhelpedtocreatethesheepDollyin1996,thefirstclonedmammal(哺乳動物)intheworld.In2006,Gurdon’sworkwasdevelopedbyYamanakatoshowthatasampleofaperson’sskincanbeusedtocreatestemcells.Usingthetechnique,doctorscanrepairapatient’sheartafteraheartattack.“Luckfavoursthepreparedmind,”GurdontoldtheNoblePrizeOrganization.“Ninetypercentofthetimethingsdon’twork,butwhentheydo,youhavetoseize(抓住)thechance.”26．Whowonthe2012NobelPrizeinPhysiologyorMedicine?A．SirJohnGurdon. B．ShinyaYamanaka.C．SirJohnGurdonandShinyaYamanaka. D．Gurdon’sscienceteacher.27．Accordingtothepassage,whichstatementaboutSirJohnGurdonisTRUE?A．Asaboy,hewastoldthathewashopeful.B．HerankedfirstathishighschoolinBiology.C．It’simpossibleforthedoctorstorepairapatient’sheartafteraheartattack.D．Inspiteofhisteacher’scriticisms,hekeptworkinghard.28．Fromthepassage,weknowSirJohnGurdon’ssuccessdependedonmanythingsEXCEPT________.A．perseverance B．criticisms C．diligence D．curiosity29．What’sthemainideaofthepassage?A．Ninetypercentofthetimethingsdon’twork.B．Luckfavoursthepreparedmind.C．Lifeisfullofsurprises.D．Howcellsactuallywork.【答案】26．C27．D28．B29．B【導語】本文主要介紹一位諾貝爾生理學或醫學獎獲得者JohnGurdon在小時候受盡質疑，但是憑借著不放棄、勇往直前的精神，最終獲得成功的故事。從而告訴我們好運是給有準備的人的。26．細節理解題。根據“Later,aged79,theverysameGurdonsharedthe2012NobelPrizeinPhysiologyorMedicinewithJapanesestemcell(干細胞)researcherShinyaYamanaka.”可知，79歲的Gurdon與日本干細胞研究者ShinyaYamanaka共同獲得2012年諾貝爾醫學獎。故選C。27．細節理解題。根據“Inspiteofhisteacher’scriticisms,Gurdonfollowedhiscuriosityandkeptworkinghard.”可知，盡管受到老師的批評，Gurdon還是追隨著自己的好奇心，繼續努力學習。故選D。28．細節理解題。根據“Likesomanyscientists,Gurdonshowsuswherethepowerofcuriosityandperseverancecanleadto.”及“Inspiteofhisteacher’scriticisms,Gurdonfollowedhiscuriosityandkeptworkinghard.Hewenttothelabearlierandleftlaterthananyoneelse.”可知，Gurdon的成功取決于他的好奇心、毅力及勤奮。故選B。29．主旨大意題。根據“Luckfavoursthepreparedmind”及全文可知，本文主要介紹一位諾貝爾生理學或醫學獎獲得者JohnGurdon在小時候受盡質疑，但是憑借著不放棄、勇往直前的精神，最終獲得成功的故事。從而告訴我們好運是給有準備的人的。故選B。BAfterChinesePoetryConferenceandLettersAlivebecameprettypopularinChina,anewshowfocusingonnationaltreasuresalsobecamepopular.ItshowedChineseviewers’growinginterestinthetraditionalculture.AssoonasNationalTreasurewasshownonTV,itquicklybecameoneofthemostpopularTVshowsinChina.“Fun”,“Creative”and“Informative(增進知識的)”werethemostwidely-usedwordstodescribetheshowontheInternet.TheshowmainlyintroducedthehistoryandstoriesofsomenationaltreasureswhichwerekeptinninekeymuseumsinChina.Tosomeviewers’surprise,theyfoundsomefamousactorsineveryepisode(一集)oftheshow,whichmadethemfeelmoreinterested.Attheendoftheshow,theninemostvaluabletreasureswouldbechosenbyviewerstotakepartinanexhibitionatthePalaceMuseuminBeijingtocelebratethe600thanniversary(周年紀念日)oftheForbiddenCity.InthefirstepisodeofNationalTreasure,thePalaceMuseumshowedthreetreasures:StoneDrum,ThePanoramicPaintingofRiversandMountainsbyWangXimengandLargeVasewithVariegatedGlazes(斑釉大花瓶).FamousactorsWangKai,LiChenandTonyLeungKa-faiplayedrolesofnationaltreasurekeepersalongwithotheractors.Theyintroducedthetreasuresandtoldviewersstoriesaboutthesetreasures.Doyouwanttowatchtheshow?Youcangoonlinetowatchit!30．TheshowNationalTreasure________.A．isonlyshownonTVB．isadocumentaryaboutnatureC．mainlyintroducessomenationaltreasuresD．mainlyintroducesexperiencesoffamouspeople31．Whichofthefollowingwordscan’tbeusedtodescribeNationalTreasure?A．Informative. B．Strange. C．Interesting. D．Creative.32．WhyisNationalTreasuresopopular?A．Becauseit’sonlyshownonTV.B．Becausepeoplecanseemanyfamousactorsinit.C．BecausepeoplecanenjoynationaltreasuresfromanymuseuminChina.D．Becauseithelpspeoplelearnaboutnationaltreasuresinaninterestingway.33．Whydoesthewriterwritethepassage?A．TointroduceaTVshowcalledNationalTreasure.B．Tointroducethereasonwhysomeactorsaresopopular.C．TointroducesomeofthemostpopularTVshowsinChina.D．TointroducethereasonwhyChinesepeoplelikethetraditionalculture.【答案】30．C31．B32．D33．A【導語】本文主要介紹電視節目《國家寶藏》，這個節目讓很多人對中國的傳統文化越來越感興趣。30．細節理解題。根據“TheshowmainlyintroducedthehistoryandstoriesofsomenationaltreasureswhichwerekeptinninekeymuseumsinChina.”可知，《國家寶藏》主要介紹了一些國家的寶藏。故選C。31．細節理解題。根據“‘Fun’,‘Creative’and‘Informative(增進知識的)’werethemostwidely-usedwordstodescribetheshowontheInternet.”可知，網絡上的人們用“有趣的”，“有創意的”，“增進知識的”這些褒義詞來描述這個節目，選項B“奇怪的”不符合，故選B。32．細節理解題。根據“Tosomeviewers’surprise,theyfoundsomefamousactorsineveryepisode(一集)oftheshow,whichmadethemfeelmoreinterested.”可知，《國家寶藏》受歡迎的原因是其幫助人們以一種有趣的方式了解國寶。故選D。33．主旨大意題。根據首段“AfterChinesePoetryConferenceandLettersAlivebecameprettypopularinChina,anewshowfocusingonnationaltreasuresalsobecamepopular.ItshowedChineseviewers’growinginterestinthetraditionalculture.”以及尾段“Doyouwanttowatchtheshow?Youcangoonlinetowatchit!”可知，作者寫這篇文章的目的是為了介紹《國家寶藏》這個節目。故選A。CAspeoplegetolder,thetypesoffriendstheyhavetendtochange.Asyoungadults,humanshavealotoffriends.Withage,theyoftenprefertospendtheirtimewithjustafewclose,positivepeople.Researcherslongbelievedthatthischangewasuniquetohumans,butanewstudyfindsthatchimpanzeesalsohavesimilartrends.Oneexplanationforthehumanstogetpickyaboutsocialconnectionshastodowithawarenessofourlimitedlifetime.“Peoplemonitorhowmuchtimewehaveleftinourlifeandchooseemotionally-fulfillingrelationshipsinoldage,”saysoneofthestudy’sleadauthorsAlexandraG.Rosati,apsychologistattheUniversityofMichigan.Aspeopleage,theydon’twanttobesurroundedbyalargegroupofnegativefriends,butwouldprefertobenearsomeoptimisticones.Rosatiandhercolleaguewerecuriouswhetherchimpanzeewouldshowsimilarfeatureseventhoughtheydon’tseemtobeawareoftheirupcomingdeath.Researchersused78,000hoursofobservationsmadeover20yearsfromtheKibaleChimpanzeeProjectinUganda.Thedatalookedatthesocialinteractions（互動）of21malechimpanzeebetween15and58yearsold.Theresearchersonlystudiedmalechimpanzeebecausetheyshowstrongersocialbondsandhavemoresocialinteractionsthanfemalechimpanzee.Researchersfoundthatwildchimpanzeeshareasimilarpattern.“Theyinteractwithothersinmorepositivewaysastheygetolder.Youngeradults,incontrast,showmoreaggression（好斗情緒）andweremorelikelytoformone-sidedrelationshipswheretheirpartnerdidnotreciprocate.”saysRosati.Forexample,theolderchimpanzeeswouldsitclosetotheirlong-timecompanionsandgroom（給……梳毛）eachother,whileyoungerchimpshadmoreone-sidedrelationshipswheretheywouldgroomafriend,buttheactionwasn’treturned.ThestudywaspublishedinthejournalScience.“Thisagingpatternmaybetheresultofsharedchangesinourabilitiestomanageouremotionswithage,”Rosatisays.“Thissharedpatternbetweenchimpanzeeandhumanscouldrepresentanadaptiveresponsewhereolderadultsfocusonimportantsocialrelationshipsthatprovidebenefitsandavoidinteractionsthathavenegativeresultsastheylosecompetitivefightingability.”34．Whydohumanschangetheirpreferenceforfriendsinoldage?A．Theydon’tlikemakingnewfriends. B．Theirfriendspassawayonebyone.C．Theyadapttothechangesinnature. D．Theyknowtheirlifeisrunningout.35．WhatisthepurposeofParagraph3?A．Toshowthestudywasdonescientifically.B．Toshowhowscientiststriedtoprovetheirguessing.C．Toshowhowharditwastoobservethechimpanzee.D．Toshowmalechimpanzeeareunawareofupcomingdeath.36．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“reciprocate”inParagraph4mean?__________A．Repaytheirkindness. B．Takecareofthem.C．Getalongwellwiththem. D．Sitclosetothem.37．Whichcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?__________A．PeoplepreferpositivePartnersinOldAge B．PositiveBondsBenefitChimpsinManyWaysC．AgingChimpslikeUsactPickyAboutFriends D．ChimpsShareSimilarTendencieswithHumans【答案】34．D35．A36．A37．D【導語】本文通過科學研究來說明猩猩與人類一樣，隨著年齡變大，他們所交的朋友類型也會發生變化，年老時喜歡選擇少數幾個親近的又積極活躍的朋友。34．細節理解題。根據第二段“Oneexplanationforthehumanstogetpickyaboutsocialconnectionshastodowithawarenessofourlimitedlifetime.”可知，人類對社會關系挑剔的一個解釋是意識到我們的生命時間有限，故選D。35．推理判斷題。根據第三段“Researchersused78,000hoursofobservationsmadeover20yearsfromtheKibaleChimpanzeeProjectinUganda.Thedatalookedatthesocialinteractions（互動）of21malechimpanzeebetween15and58yearsold.”以及“Theresearchersonlystudiedmalechimpanzeebecausetheyshowstrongersocialbondsandhavemoresocialinteractionsthanfemalechimpanzee.”可知，文中所提的研究的科學性，具有說服力。可見第三段的寫作目的是證明這項研究是科學的，故選A。36．詞意猜測題。根據劃線詞所在句前半句“Youngeradults,incontrast,showmoreaggression（好斗情緒）andweremorelikelytoformone-sidedrelationships”（相反，年輕的成年猩猩表現出更有攻擊性，更有可能地形成單方面的關系）及后面的舉例解釋“Forexample,theolderchimpanzeeswouldsitclosetotheirlong-timecompanionsandgroom（給……梳毛）eachother,whileyoungerchimpshadmoreone-sidedrelationshipswheretheywouldgroomafriend,buttheactionwasn’treturned.”（比如，年長點的猩猩愿意坐在它們長期的同伴身邊，彼此相互給對方梳毛，然而年輕點的猩猩有更多的單方面的關系，它們給一個朋友梳理毛發，但是它們的行為沒有得到回報。）可以推出劃線詞的意思是“回報”，故選A。37．最佳標題題。根據全文可知，本文主要講述猩猩與人類一樣，隨著年齡變大，他們所交的朋友類型也會發生變化，年老時喜歡選擇少數幾個親近的又積極活躍的朋友。選項D“猩猩享有與人類一樣的變化趨勢”符合文意。故選D。DStopmotionmoviesStopmotionisaspecialtypeofmovie-making.Itusesrealobjects,insteadofdrawings,totellastory.Thestoryrolescanbepeople,animals,oreveneverydayobjects.Youcanmakethemoutofclay(橡皮泥)orjustusesomesmalltoys.MakeamovieGiveitatry,andbecreative!Getyourparentsandfriendstogetherandshowyourfilm!Whatyouwillneed*Asmartphoneorcamerathatshootsvideos*Asupportwiththreelegsusedforthephoneorcamera*Yourimaginationandastorytotell*Roles(Useactionfigures(動態木偶),toys,etc.,ormakesomewithclay)*Agoodplacetoshootamovie*Whateverelseyouneedforyourstory▲Makeupashortstory.Makesureithasabeginning,middleandanend.Thenwritedownyourstory.Pickaplacewhereyou’regoingtoshootthemovie.Makesureyou’llhaveenoughroomtotakepictures.Collectormaketherolesyou’llneedforyourmovie,thenprepareanybackdrops(背景幕布)(Evenapieceofclothwillwork).Setupyourfirstshot.Putyourrolesandprops(道具)attherightplaceforyourfirstscene.Keepyour“moviecamera”steady(穩定的)withthethreelegs.Repeatthestepaboveoverandoveranduntilyoucompleteyourstory.38．Thispassageisfromawebsitefor________.A．children B．parents C．adults D．teachers39．Whyis“asupportwiththreelegs”needed?A．Toshootamovie. B．Tosupportthebackdropswell.C．Tomakecharacters. D．Tostopthecameramovingeasily.40．Whichofthefollowingcanbestfillintheblank“▲”?A．Thingstoprepare B．Stepstodo C．Storiestochoose D．Rolestocollect【答案】38．A39．D40．B【導語】本文介紹了如何拍攝定格電影。38．細節理解題。根據左上方“NATIONALGEOGRAPHICKIDS”可知，這篇文章摘自一個兒童網站。故選A。39．細節理解題。根據“*Asupportwiththreelegsusedforthephoneorcamera”以及“Keepyour‘moviecamera’steady(穩定的)withthethreelegs.”可知，是為了保持相機穩定，故選D。40．推理判斷題。根據“Repeatthestepaboveoverandoveranduntilyoucompleteyourstory.”（一遍又一遍地重復上面的步驟，直到你完成你的故事。）可知，這里講述的是要做的步驟，故選B。閱讀填空（本題共5小題，每小題1分，共5分）根據短文內容，從文后選出適當的句子補全短文，使短文意思通順，內容完整。“WillplantsgrowontheMoon?”Foryears,scientistskeeptryingtofindtheanswertothisquestion.Luckily,withtheirgreateffort,theanswerturnsouttobe“Yes.”41ScientistsfromUniversityofFloridamadethisgreatdiscovery.42Theyplantedthalecress,asmallfloweringplant,thenaddedwater,nutrientsandlight,andrecordedtheresults.Atfirst,thescientistsweren’tsureiftheseedswouldgrow.Butnearlyallofthemdid.Scientistswereamazedwiththeresult.43Thegoodnewswasalmostallseedsgrew.Butafterthefirstweek,theygrewslowly.Mostplantsendedupsmallandnotfullydeveloped.ScientistsalsofoundthatthelongerthesoilwasontheMoon,theworsetheplantsseemedtogrow.Themoonsoil,stayingforseveralbillionyearslong,wastheleasthelpfulforgrowth.44Only382kilogramsofmoonrocksandsoilwerebroughtbackbytheastronautsthatlandedonthemoon.45Thescientistshopetoreusethesoillater,plantingmorethalecressbeforepossiblymovingontootherplants.“Growingplantsisabigstepforward.Thenextstepistogoandgrowplantsonthemoon.”ascientistsaid.A．Twelvegramsofthesoilwasgivenfortheplantingexperiment.B．Soanewmethodmightbetouseyoungermoonsoil.C．Scientistshavegrownplantsinmoonsoil,afirstinhistory.D．Astimewenton,scientistsmademorediscoveries.E．Theydidasimpleexperimenttogrowplantsinmoonsoil.【答案】41．C42．E43．D44．B45．A【導語】本文主要介紹了在月球土壤中種植植物。41．根據“Foryears,scientistskeeptryingtofindtheanswertothisquestion.Luckily,withtheirgreateffort,theanswerturnsouttobe‘Yes.’”可知說的是首次在月球土壤中種植植物。選項C“科學家們在月球土壤中種植植物，這在歷史上尚屬首次。”符合語境。故選C。42．根據“Theyplantedthalecress,asmallfloweringplant,thenaddedwater,nutrientsandlight,andrecordedtheresults.”可知說的是實驗種植植物。選項E“他們做了一個簡單的實驗，在月球土壤中種植植物。”符合語境。故選E。43．根據“Thegoodnewswasalmostallseedsgrew.Butafterthefirstweek,theygrewslowly.Mostplantsendedupsmallandnotfullydeveloped.”可知說的是新的發現。選項D“隨著時間的推移，科學家們有了更多的發現。”符合語境。故選D。44．根據“ScientistsalsofoundthatthelongerthesoilwasontheMoon,theworsetheplantsseemedtogrow.Themoonsoil,stayingforseveralbillionyearslong,wastheleasthelpfulforgrowth.”可知說的是土壤的時間。選項B“因此，一種新的方法可能是使用較年輕的月球土壤。”符合語境。故選B。45．根據“Only382kilogramsofmoonrocksandsoilwerebroughtbackbytheastronautsthatlandedonthemoon.”和“Thescientistshopetoreusethesoillater,plantingmorethalecressbeforepossiblymovingontootherplants.”可知說的是用土壤做種植實驗。選項A“為種植試驗提供了12克土壤。”符合語境。故選A。四、語篇填詞(本題共5小題，每小題1分，共5分）閱讀短文，根據上下文和所給的首字母寫出所缺單詞。注意使用正確的形式，每空限填一詞。答卷時，要求寫出完整的單詞。Theworld’sfamouspalace,the600-year-oldForbiddenCity,receivesmorethan17millionv46everyyear.Butifweweretotravelbacktothepast,thishugepalacewouldbeatotalmysterytous.Atthattime,allbuildingsinBeijingwerelowexcepttheForbiddenCity.Itwasguardedbyhighwalls.Aftergettingalookatthegoldenrooffromtheoutside,commonpeoplecouldonlyimaginewhatitlookedlikeinside.TheForbiddenCitywhichisintheheartofBeijingisoneofthel47palacesonEarth.Itc48morethan720,000squaremetresandhas1,050buildingsandmorethan8,700rooms.Itwasb49bytheYongleEmperoroftheMingDynasty.Afterthat,itservedasthelivingandworkingplaceforfourteenemperorsoftheMingDynastyandtenemperorsoftheQingDynastyu50thelastemperorPuYileftin1924.ThepalacesawthehighsandlowsoftheMingandQingDynasties,aswellashowQingDynastyfinallycametoanendinChina.【答案】46．(v)isitors47．(l)argest48．(c)ontains49．(b)uilt50．(u)ntil【導語】本文介紹了擁有600年歷史的北京故宮。46．句意：世界著名的宮殿，有600年歷史的紫禁城，每年接待超過1700萬游客。根據“Theworld’sfamouspalace,the600-year-oldForbiddenCity,receivesmorethan17million...everyyear.”可知，此處表達接待超過1700萬游客，結合首字母可知，visitor“游客”符合題意，又因為空前有17million，此處應填可數名詞復數形式。故填(v)isitors。47．句意：位于北京市中心的紫禁城是世界上最大的宮殿之一。oneofthe+形容詞最高級+可數名詞復數“最……之一”，此處表達紫禁城是世界上最大的宮殿之一，結合首字母可知，largest“最大的”符合題意，故填(l)argest。48．句意：它占地超過72萬平方米，擁有1050棟建筑和8700多個房間。根據“It...morethan720,000squaremetresandhas1,050buildingsandmorethan8,700rooms.”可知，此處表達占地超過72萬平方米，結合首字母可知，contain“包含”符合題意，又因為本句為陳述事實，用一般現在時，且主語it為第三人稱單數，謂語動詞用三單，故填(c)ontains。49．句意：它是由明朝永樂皇帝建造的。根據“Itwas...bytheYongleEmperoroftheMingDynasty.”可知，此處表達是紫禁城由明朝永樂皇帝建造的，結合首字母可知，build“建造”符合題意，又因為it和build構成被動關系，被動語態構成為：bedone，故填(b)uilt。50．句意：此后，這里一直是明朝十四位皇帝和清朝十位皇帝的生活和工作場所，直到1924年最后一位皇帝溥儀離開。根據“Afterthat,itservedasthelivingandworkingplaceforfourteenemperorsoftheMingDynastyandtenemperorsoftheQingDynasty...thelastemperorPuYileftin1924.”可知，本句為狀語從句，意為直到1924年最后一位皇帝溥儀離開，結合首字母，until“直到”符合題意，引導時間狀語從句。故填(u)ntil。五、完成句子(本題共5小題，每小題2分，共10分）51．去年，Ann被選為去中國交流的學生之一。AnntobeoneoftheexchangestudentstoChinalastyear.【答案】waschosentogo【詳解】bechosentobe“被選為”，本句時態為一般過去時，主語是單數，be用was；gotoChina“去中國”，此處應用動詞不定式作后置定語。故填was；chosen；to；go。52．當時她對體驗中國文化習俗充滿期待。SheChinesecultureandcustomsatthattime.【答案】lookedforwardtoexperiencing【詳解】lookforwardtodoingsth“期待做某事”，根據“atthattime”可知，時態為一般過去時，謂語動詞用過去式looked；experience“體驗”，此處用動名詞形式。故填looked；forward；to；experiencing。53．這是她第一次來中國，她不知道自己是否能明白中文。ShewonderedChinesebecausethiswasherfirsttimetocometoChina.【答案】if/whethershecouldunderstand【詳解】根據中文提示及所給英文可知，此處考查if/whether“是否”引導的賓語從句，she“她”作主語，時態遵循主過從過原則，情態動詞can“能”變形為過去式could，后接動詞原形understand“理解”。故填if/whether；she；could；understand。54．她的寄宿家庭很好，在她空閑的時候為她組織了很多活動。wasniceherhostfamilyalotactivitiesinhersparetime.【答案】Itoftoorganize【詳解】根據中文釋義及題干可知，考查固定句型“Itis+形容詞+ofsbtodosth”；“nice”是修飾人的品質，介詞應用of；organize“組織”。故填It；of；to；organize。55．這是一段多么難忘的經歷啊！itwas!【答案】Whatanunforgettableexperience【詳解】根據感嘆句“Whatan/a+adj.+可數名詞單數+主語+謂語!”可知，空一應填what，且放在句首應大寫首字母，難忘的為“unforgettable”且首字母發音為元音音素，故用an，故空二填an，空三填unforgettable，經歷