材料成型工藝基礎部分0緒論金屬材料：metalmaterial(MR)高分子材料：high-molecularmaterial陶瓷材料：ceramicmaterial復合材料：compositionmaterial成形工藝：formationtechnology1鑄造鑄造工藝：castingtechnique鑄件：foundrygoods（casting）機器零件：machinepart毛坯：blank力學性能：mechanicalproperty砂型鑄造：sandcastingprocess型砂：foundrysand1.1鑄件成形理論基礎合金：alloy鑄造性能：castingproperty工藝性能：processingproperty收縮性：constringency偏析性：aliquation氧化性：oxidizability吸氣性：inspiratory鑄件結構：castingstructure使用性能：serviceperformance澆不足：misrun冷隔：coldshut夾渣：cinderinclusion粘砂：sandfusion缺陷：flaw,defect,falling流動性：flowingpower鑄型：cast(foundrymold)蓄熱系數：thermalstoragecapacity澆注：pouring凝固：freezing收縮性：constringency逐層凝固：layer-by-layerfreezing糊狀凝固：mushyfreezing結晶：crystal縮孔：shrinkagevoid縮松：shrinkageporosity順序凝固：progressivesolidification冷鐵：ironchill補縮：feeding等溫線法：constanttemperaturelinemethod內接圓法：inscribedcirclemethod鑄造應力：castingstress變形：deforming裂紋：crack機械應力：mechanicalstress熱應力：heatstress相變應力：transformationstress氣孔：blowhole鑄鐵：ingot鑄鋼：caststeel非鐵合金：nonferrousalloy灰鑄鐵：graycast-iorn孕育處理：inoculation球墨鑄鐵：spheroidal球化處理：sheroidisation可鍛鑄鐵：ductilecastiron石墨：graphite蠕墨鑄鐵：vermicularcastiron熱處理：heatprocessing鋁合金：Al-alloy熔煉：fusionmetallurgy銅合金：copperalloy氫脆：hydrogenbrittleness1.2鑄造方法（castingmethod）手工造型：handmoulding機器造型：machinemoulding金屬型：metalmoldcasting金屬模：permanentmould壓力鑄造：presscasting熔模鑄造：investmentmoulding蠟膜：cere離心鑄造：centrifugalcasting低壓鑄造：castingunderlowpressure差壓鑄造：counter-pressurecasting陶瓷型鑄造：shawprocess1.3鑄造工藝設計澆注位置：pouringposition分型面：mouldjoint活塊：loosepiece起模：patterdrawing型芯：core型芯撐：chaplet工藝參數：processingparameter下芯：coresetting合型：mouldassembly冒口：castinghead尺寸公差：dimensionaltolerance尺寸公差帶：tolerancezone機械加工余量：machiningallowance鑄孔：corehole非標準：nonstandardlabel收縮率：rateofcontraction線收縮：linearcontraction體收縮：volumecontraction起模斜度：patterndraft鑄造圓角：curvingofcastings芯頭：coreregister芯頭間隙：clearance芯座：coreprintseat分型線：jointline分模線：diepartingline1.4鑄造結構工藝性加強筋：ribreinforcement撒砂：stuccoing內腔：entocoele2金屬塑性加工塑性加工：plasticworking塑性：plasticproperty鍛造：forgework沖壓：punching軋制：rolling拉拔：drawing擠壓：extruding細化晶粒：grainrefinement熱鍛：hit-forging溫鍛：warmforging2.1金屬塑性加工理論基礎塑性變形：plasticyield加工硬化：work-hardening韌性：ductility回復溫度：returntemperature再結晶：recrystallize再結晶退火：fullannealing冷變形：colddeformation熱變性：heatdenaturation鍛造比：forgingratio鐓粗：upset拔長：pullout纖維組織：fibroustissue鍛造性能：forgingproperty可鍛性：forgeability變形抗力：resistanceofdeformation化學成分：chemicalconstitution熱脆性：hotbrittleness冷脆性：cold-shortness變形速度：deformationvelocity應力狀態：stresscondition變形溫度：deformationtemperature過熱：overheating過燒：burning脫碳：carbonelimination始鍛溫度：initiationforgingtemperature終鍛溫度：finalforgingtemperature2.2金屬塑性加工方法自由鍛：flat-diehammer沖孔：jetting彎曲：bend彎曲半徑：bendingradius切割：cut扭轉：twistrotation錯移：offsetting鍛接：percussion基本工序：basicprocess輔助工序：auxiliaryprocess精整工序：finishingprocess模鍛：contourforging鍛模：forgingdie胎膜鍛：fetalmembraneforging剪床：shearingmachine沖床：backing-outpunch沖裁：blanking彈性變形：elasticdistortion塑性變形：plasticyield剪切變形：shearingdeformation最小彎曲半徑：minimumbendingradius曲率：angularity彎裂：rupture回彈：rebound輥軋：rollforming輥鍛：rollforging斜軋：obliquerolling橫軋：transverserolling輾壓：tampingdrum擠壓：extruding拉拔：draft2.3塑性加工工藝設計工藝規程：processspecification鍛件圖：forgingdrawing敷料：dressing鍛件余量：forgingallowance鍛件公差：forgingtolerance工夾具：clampingapparatus加熱設備：firingequipment加熱規范：heatingschedule冷卻規范：coolingschedule后續處理：aftertreatment分模面：diepartingface沖孔連皮：punchingthewad模鍛斜度：draftangle圓角半徑：radiusofcorner圓餅類鍛件：circumcresentcake-likeforging長軸類鍛件：longaxis-likeforging2.4鍛件結構工藝性錐體：cone斜面：cant空間曲線：curveinspace粗糙度：degreeofroughness2.5沖壓件結構工藝性3焊接焊接：welding鉚接：riverting熔焊：fusionwelding壓焊：presswelding釬焊：brazewelding3.1焊接理論基礎冶金：metallurgy電弧焊：arcwelding氣焊：acetylenewelding電渣焊：electro-slagwelding高能束焊：highenergywelding電子焊：electronicwelding激光焊：laserwelding等離子焊：plasmawelding電弧：electricarc陽極區：anoderegion陰極區：negativepolarity弧柱區：arcstream正接法：electrodenegativemethod反接法：oppositionmethod脫氧劑：deoxidizingagent焊縫：weldedseam焊縫區：weldzone熔合區：fusionarea熱影響區：heat-affectedzone脆性斷裂：brittlefracture過熱區：overheatedzone正火區：normalizedzone相變區：phasechangezone焊接應力：weldingstress收縮變形：contractiondistortion角變形：angulardeformation彎曲變形：benddeformation扭曲變形：warpingdeformation波浪變形：wavetransformation反變形法：reversibledeformationmethod剛性固定法：rigidfixingmethod預熱：warming-up緩冷：slowcool焊后熱處理：postweldheattreatment矯形處理：shape-righting3.2焊接方法埋弧焊：hiddenarcwelding氣體保護焊：gasshieldedarcwelding氬弧焊：argonwelding熔化極氬弧焊：consumableelectrodeargonwelding鎢極氬弧焊：argontungsten-arcwelding二氧化碳氣體保護焊：CO2gasshieldedarcwelding碳弧焊：carbonarcwelding碳弧氣刨：carbonarcairgouging電渣焊：electro-slagwelding高能焊：highgradeenergywelding等離子弧切割：plasmaarccutting(PAC)堆焊：beadweld電阻焊：resistancewelding電焊：electricwelding縫焊：seamwelding壓焊：presswelding多點凸焊：multipleprojectionwelding對焊：weldingneck摩擦焊：frictionwelding擴散焊：diffusionwelding硬釬料：brazingalloy軟釬料：softsolder3.3常用金屬材料的焊接焊接性：weldability焊接方法：weldingmethod焊接材料：weldingmaterial焊條：electrode焊劑：fluxmaterial碳素鋼：carbonsteel低碳鋼：lowcarbonsteel中碳鋼：mediumcarbonsteel高碳鋼：highcarbonsteel低合金鋼：leanalloysteel不銹鋼：non-corrosivesteel有色金屬：nonferrousmetal3.4焊接工藝設計型材：sectionalbar藥皮：coating焊絲：solderingwire連續焊縫：continuousweld斷續焊縫：intermittentweld應力集中：stressconcentration焊接接頭：solderedjoint坡口：groove對接：abuttingjoint搭接：lapjoint角接：cornerjoint4粉末冶金（powermetallurgy）粉末冶金成品：finishedpowermetallurgicalproduct鐵氧體：ferrite硬質合金：sintered-carbide高熔點金屬：high-meltingmetal陶瓷：ceramic4.1粉末冶金工藝理論基礎壓坯：pressedcompact擴散：diffusion燒結：agglomeration固溶：solidsolubility化合：combination4.2粉末冶金的工藝流程制備：preparation預處理：anticipation還原法：reductionmethod電解法：electrolyticmethod霧化法：atomization粒度：grainsize松裝密度：loosedensity流動性：flowingpower壓縮性：compressibility篩分：screenseparation混合：compounding制粒：pelletization過燒：superburning欠燒：underburnt5金屬復合成型技術自蔓延焊接：SHSwelding熱等靜壓：HIP準熱等靜壓：PHIP5.1液態成型技術與固態成型技術的復合高壓鑄造：high-pressurecasting電磁泵：magnetic-pump壓射成型：injectionmolding柱塞：plungerpiston沖頭：driftpin凝固法：freezingmethod擠壓法：extrusionmethod轉向節：knucklepivot制動器：arrestinggear5.2金屬半凝固、半熔融成型技術凝固：freezing半熔融：semi-vitreous觸變鑄造：thixotropycasting觸變鍛造：thixotropyforging注射成型：injectionmolding5.3其他金屬成型新技術快速凝固：flashset非晶態：amorphous溢流法：pressoversystem噴射沉積：ejectingdeposit爆炸復合法：explosioncladdingmethod擴散焊接：diffusionwelding擠壓：extruding軋制：rolldown6非金屬材料成型技術6.1高分子材料成型技術高分子材料：non-metalmaterial耐腐蝕：resistantmaterial絕緣：insulation老化：ageing耐熱性：heat-durability粘彈性：viscoelasticity塑料：plasticmaterial橡膠：rubber合成纖維：syntheticfibre涂料：coveringmaterial粘結劑：agglomerant粘度：viscosity熱塑性塑料：thermoplasticplastics熱固性塑料：thermosettingplastic通用塑料：general-purposeplastics工程塑料：engineeringplastic薄膜：thinfilm增強塑料：reinforcedplastics澆注塑料：pouringplastics注射塑料：injiectionplastics擠出塑料：extrusionplastics吹塑塑料：blowingplastics模壓塑料：diepressingplastics聚合物：ploymersemiconducto