高級中學名校試卷PAGEPAGE1浙江省三鋒聯盟2024-2025學年高二下學期4月期中英語試題第一部分聽力（共兩節，滿分30分）第一節（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.Whatisthewomanprobablydoing?A.Movinghouse. B.Havinganinterview. C.Introducinghercompany.【答案】B【原文】M:Onelastquestion.Couldyoupleasetelluswhyyouleftyourlastcompany?W:Oh,itwasaverydifficultdecisiontomake.Ididn’tdecidetoleaveuntilthatcompanyaskedmetoworkinanothercity.Ifso,Iwouldhavehadtobuyanotherhouse.That’swhyIamhere.2.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Amovie. B.Anadvertisement. C.Anactor.【答案】A【原文】W:Ijustsawanadvertisementforamovie,butIdidn’tcatchthename.M:Givemesomedetails.MaybeIcanhelp.W:ItstarsJasonstatham.Itseemssofunny.M:Iknowit.ItisMegtwo:TheTrench.3.Howwillthewomangotovisithergrandparents?A.Bycar. B.Bycoach. C.Bytrain.【答案】C【原文】W:IwanttovisitmygrandparentsthisweekendbutIcan’tdecidewhethertogobycarorbycoach.M:Howabouttakingatrain?Thetrainstationisnearthevillageandyoudon’tneedtoworryaboutthetrafficjam.W:Ican’tagreemore.4.WhatwillAsherdothissummer?A.Openupabookshop. B.Doapart-timejob. C.Gotothebeach.【答案】B【原文】W:HeyAsher,I’mgoingtoMyrtleBeachthissummerholiday.Doyouwanttocomewithme?M:IwishIcould,butIhavetoworkinacoffeeshopasaparttimewaiter.You’dbettermakeareservationbeforeyougo.Iheardthehotelsnearthebeachwouldbefullybookedduringthesummer.5.Whenisthewoman’splaneduetoleave?A.At4:00p.m. B.At3:30p.m. C.At3:00p.m.【答案】A【原文】W:WhereisJack?He’ssupposedtotakemetotheairportthisafternoon.M:Oh,he’sgonetothebookshop.Hesaidhe’dbebacksoon.W:He’dbetterhurry.Thenit’sonethirty.Thereareonlytwoandahalfhourslefttillmydeparturetime.第二節（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。6.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inaclassroom. B.Inanapartment. C.Inagallery.7.WhydoesMbongenikeepusingplastictopaintnow?A.Tomakehispaintingspopular.B.Toprotecttheenvironment.C.Toreducecost.【答案】6.C7.B【原文】W:Comeandlookatthispicture.Canyoufindanythingspecial?M:Hmmm.Itseemsthatthepicturewasnotpaintedinoils,butwithplasticstrips.AmIright?W:Trulyright.Ihavetosaythatyoudohavesharpeyes.M:Whydidtheartistusethatspecialkindofmaterial?W:Well,whenMbongenistudiedart,hecouldn’taffordtobuyexpensivematerials.Hehadnochoicebuttofindanalternative.M:Andhehasstucktothisuniquekindofartsincethen?W:Yes,nowthewealthySouthAfricanartiststillcollectsplasticbagsfromthestreetsaroundhisstudioandmeltsthemtocreateauniquekindofart.Thisisthewayhefocusesonrecycling.Let’sgodownstairstoseemoreofhispaintings.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。8.Whatdoestheboyaskthegirltodofirst?A.Completeaform. B.Makealist. C.Takeawalk.9.Whichactivitydoesthegirlwanttochoose?A.Thehulahooping. B.Thethree-leggedrace. C.Theegg-and-spoonrace.【答案】8.A9.B【原文】W:Hi,I’mheretotryoutforthesportsday.M:That’sgreat.Weneedmanyparticipants.Pleasefillouttheformwithyourname,ageandgrade.Here’salistoftheactivitiessuchasthehulahooping,theeggandspoonrace,thethreeleggedraceandjumpingjacks.Youcanselecttheonesyoulike.W:Itlookslikethatonlyasmallnumberofstudentshavesigneduptotakepartinthethreeleggedrace.MaybeI’llhaveachancetowin.Bytheway,howwilltheparticipantsbeselectedforeachevent?M:Well,thisyear,we’llselecttwoparticipantsforeacheventafterthesemifinals.W:Ifso,allparticipantswillcompeteinthefirstroundofeveryevent,thenthetoptwostudentswiththebestperformancewillmoveontothefinals.M:Perfect.You’vegotthepoint.Haveatryandexplaintheruletootherstudents,please.Goodlucktoyou.W:Noproblem,Iwill.Thankyou.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。10.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Motherandson. B.Husbandandwife. C.Teacherandparent.11.WhatdoweknowaboutJohn?A.HehasmadeprogressinEnglish.B.Heaccomplishedachallengingtask.C.Hecausedhisteachertrouble.12.Howdoesthewomansoundattheendoftheconversation?A.Grateful. B.Helpful. C.Nervous.【答案】10.C11.A12.B【原文】M:MissStevens,thankyouforyourpatienceandencouragementwhenyou’redealingwiththekids.W:You’rewelcomeMisterlamb.It’smydutyandIlikebeingwithkidsandseeingtheirprogress.Everychilddeservesthechancetolearnandgrow,andourschoolaimstoenablepupilstodeveloptheirpotentialnomatterhowchallengingtheprocessmaybe.M:That’swonderfultohear.IhopemylittleJohnhasn’tbeenabother.W:Notatall.Andyourson’sEnglishisreallycomingalongwithproperassistancehecanachievegreatthingsandifyouhaveanyconcernsorquestions,pleasedon’thesitatetocallmeandI’dbegladtoreachouttoyou.M:ThankyouMissStevens.Iwilldefinitelykeepthatinmind.W:Mypleasure.Haveagreatday.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。13.WhydoesWizzAirchargethemananextra$10?A.Forsnacks. B.Forluggage. C.Forseatselection.14.Howmuchdidthemanspendontheplaneticket?A.$340. B.$350. C.$360.15.WhatisanadvantageofWizzAiraccordingtothewoman?A.Lowprices. B.Delicioussnacks. C.Excellentservice.16.Whatdoesthemanmeanintheend?A.Hewillnotpaytheextrafee.B.Hewillvisithisfamily.C.Hewillcancelhisflight.【答案】13.C14.B15.A16.A【原文】M:HiIris,Ihaveaquestion.Haveyouevertakenaflightoperatedbywizair?W:Yes,acoupleoftimes.Theirserviceisnotsoexcellentbutit’sstillcomfortableenoughforashortflight.Why?Areyouconsideringbookingwithwizere?M:IhavealreadybookedaticketbuttheysentmeanemailsayingthatIhavetopaytendollarsextraforreservingaseat.Thatdoesn’tmakesense.I’vepaid350dollarsfortheairticket.W:Oh,Iknowwhatthatisabout.Asyouknow,itisalowcostairline.Theyofferticketsatanaffordablepricebuttheyhavesomeadditionalfeesforthingslikebaggage,seatselectionorsnacks.M:Well,IknewIcouldn'tcarryanylargeluggage,butwhatdoesreservingaseatmean?IfIdon’tpay,Imightnotgetone?W:Ofcourseyouwillgetone,thischargeisoptional.Ifyoudon’tpay,youwillbegivenarandomseatandnotbeabletochooseoneyoulike.M:Gotit.Thankyouforexplainingittome.It’sprobablyusefulforthosewhotravelwithabigfamilyorfriends,soI'lltakeapassonit.聽下面一段獨白，回答以下小題。17.Whoisprobablythespeaker?A.Ahiker. B.Atourguide. C.Aphotographer.18.Whatcanpeopledoatthestartingpoint?A.Getsomefoodandwater. B.Buyclothes. C.Parkthecar.19.Wheredoesthespeakersuggesttakingphotos?A.Atthewaterfall. B.Besidethestream. C.Everywherealongtheway.20.Whatdoesthespeakerthinkisthemostimportant?A.Bringingamap.B.Wearingcomfortableshoes.C.Payingattentiontosafety.【答案】17.B18.C19.A20.C【原文】Goodmorning,Iamexcitedtoannouncetheopeningofanewhikingpath.Therouteoffersamazingviewsofthesurroundingvalleysandpeaks,andyou’llhaveanunforgettableoutdoorexperience.Thestartingpointiseasilyaccessibleandhasplentyofparkingspaces.Thepathitselfiswellkeptandprovidesamoderatechallengesuitableforallskilllevels.Youwillpassbyseveralinterestingsightsalongthewayincludingabeautifulwaterfallwhichwouldbeagreatspotfortakingphotosandapeacefulstream.However,pleasenotethatthistrackislocatedinaremoteareasoyoushouldbeawareofthepossibledangersassociatedwithit.It’sessentialtobringplentyofwaterandsnacksandtowearappropriateshoesandclothing.Morethananything,youshouldbecautiousoflooserocksalongtheroad.Severalfacilitiesareavailablealongthetrail.Convenientrestroomsandnicepicnicareasareamongthem.Ialsorecommendthatyoubringafirstaidkitandaroutemap.第二部分閱讀（共兩節，滿分50分）第一節（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。AHikingRoutesAlongtheIcefieldsParkwayCanada’sunspoilednaturalbeautyismatchedonlybyitscosmopolitancities.Ifyouhaveplentyoftimeandaren’tinahurrytodrivenorthtosouth,thereareseveralgreathikes,bothshortandlong,thatstartsjustofftheparkway.LakeLouisetoLakeAgnesTeahouse:TheLakeAgnesTeahouseis1.3milesaboveLakeLouise,atanaltitudeof7.005feet.ThehikeuptakesbetweenoneandtwohoursandoffersexcellentviewsofLakeLouisealongtheway.BowSummitLookout:Thisfamily-friendlyhiketakesvisitorstothehighestpointalongtheIcefieldsParkway,alookoutpointwhereyoucanseebothPeytoLakeandBowLake.Keepaneyeoutformarmot(旱獺),nativebirds,andpikas(鼠兔)alongtheway.Thereturntripisonlyabout3.5mileslong.HelenLake:AdjacenttotheCrowfootGlacieratBowLake,the4.5-milein-and-outhiketoHelenLakeismoderatelychallengingandverypopular.Aswellasgreatlakeviews,ahighlightofthistrailisthegorgeouswildflowersinthesummer.Itcanbedoneinbetweenthreeandfivehours,dependingonyourspeedandfitness.Expectsnowinthefallandspringseasons.ParadiseValleytoMoraineLake:Ifyou’reanexperiencedhikerseekingachallenge,thephysically-demanding7.7-mileroutebetweenParadiseValleyandMoraineLakewillkeepyouinterested.Itcanbedoneinonelongday(abouteighthours)byfithikers.Thelakeviewsandforestsoflarchtreesarethehighlights.Summerhikesarerelativelyeasy,butmorepreparationsareneededinwinter.21.Whichhikingrouteisrecommendedforsummerwildflowerlovers?A.LakeLouisetoLakeAgnesTeahouse. B.BowSummitLookout.C.HelenLake. D.ParadiseValleytoMoraineLake.22.WhatisrequiredforhikingtheParadiseValleytoMoraineLakeroute?A.Basicmap-readingskills. B.Previoushikingexperience.C.Specialclimbingequipment. D.Summersurvivaltraining.23.Whatdothefourhikingrouteshaveincommon?A.Theyareallfamily-friendly. B.Theyincludeateahousestop.C.Theyrequirewildlifespottingskills. D.Theyfeaturelakeviews.【答案】21.C22.B23.D【語篇解讀】本文是一篇應用文，主要介紹了加拿大冰原公路沿線的四條徒步旅行路線，包括各條路線的起點、終點、長度、難度、所需時間以及特色景觀等信息。【21題詳析】細節理解題。根據第四段“HelenLake:AdjacenttotheCrowfootGlacieratBowLake,the4.5-milein-and-outhiketoHelenLakeismoderatelychallengingandverypopular.Aswellasgreatlakeviews,ahighlightofthistrailisthegorgeouswildflowersinthesummer.(海倫湖：毗鄰弓湖的鴉爪冰川，往返4.5英里的海倫湖徒步旅行有一定挑戰性且非常受歡迎。除了美麗的湖景，這條路線的一個亮點是夏季絢麗的野花)”可知，對于夏季野花愛好者，推薦海倫湖這條徒步路線。故選C。【22題詳析】細節理解題。根據第五段“ParadiseValleytoMoraineLake:Ifyou’reanexperiencedhikerseekingachallenge,thephysically-demanding7.7-mileroutebetweenParadiseValleyandMoraineLakewillkeepyouinterested.(天堂谷到夢蓮湖：如果你是一位尋求挑戰的有經驗的徒步旅行者，這條在天堂谷和夢蓮湖之間、對體力要求較高的7.7英里路線會讓你感興趣)”可知，徒步天堂谷到夢蓮湖這條路線需要有之前的徒步經驗。故選B。【23題詳析】細節理解題。根據第二段“LakeLouisetoLakeAgnesTeahouse:TheLakeAgnesTeahouseis1.3milesaboveLakeLouise,atanaltitudeof7,005feet.ThehikeuptakesbetweenoneandtwohoursandoffersexcellentviewsofLakeLouisealongtheway.(路易斯湖到阿格尼斯湖茶館：阿格尼斯湖茶館位于路易斯湖上方1.3英里處，海拔7005英尺。徒步向上需要一到兩個小時，沿途可以欣賞到路易斯湖的美景)”、第三段“BowSummitLookout:Thisfamily-friendlyhiketakesvisitorstothehighestpointalongtheIcefieldsParkway,alookoutpointwhereyoucanseebothPeytoLakeandBowLake.(弓峰瞭望臺：這是一次適合家庭的徒步旅行，將游客帶到冰原公路的最高點，在這個瞭望點你可以看到佩托湖和弓湖)”、第四段“HelenLake:AdjacenttotheCrowfootGlacieratBowLake,the4.5-milein-and-outhiketoHelenLakeismoderatelychallengingandverypopular.Aswellasgreatlakeviews,ahighlightofthistrailisthegorgeouswildflowersinthesummer.(海倫湖：毗鄰弓湖的鴉爪冰川，往返4.5英里的海倫湖徒步旅行有一定挑戰性且非常受歡迎。除了美麗的湖景，這條路線的一個亮點是夏季絢麗的野花)”以及第五段“ParadiseValleytoMoraineLake:Ifyou’reanexperiencedhikerseekingachallenge,thephysically-demanding7.7-mileroutebetweenParadiseValleyandMoraineLakewillkeepyouinterested.Thelakeviewsandforestsoflarchtreesarethehighlights.(天堂谷到夢蓮湖：如果你是一位尋求挑戰的有經驗的徒步旅行者，這條在天堂谷和夢蓮湖之間、對體力要求較高的7.7英里路線會讓你感興趣。湖景和落葉松森林是亮點)”可知，這四條徒步路線的共同之處是都以湖景為特色。故選D。BAfewweeksago,IhadtheopportunitytojoinaHollywoodfilmasanextra(群眾演員)inParis.Ihadlittleideaofexactlywhattoexpectbeforesettingoff.ButIcertainlywasn’tthinkingthatoneofthebiggestadvantageswouldbespendinghourswithotherpeoplewithoutaccesstoourphones.Onset,phoneswerelockedawayaftermakeup.Withoutscreens,wefacedsomethingunusual:realconversations.Duringlongwaitsbetweenscenes,peopleactuallytalked.Anartstudentsketchedtattooideasforme;aParisianactorsharedherloveforVietnamesefood;aHaitianmantoldstoriesofhischildhood.Weplayedgames,debatedsillytheories,andlaughedfreely.Itfeltlikesteppingintoaworldbeforesmartphonesruledourattention.Thisexperiencemademerealizehowtechnologyhaschangedus.Oncetechnologydidbringpeopletogether,butgraduallytheygrabbedandthendestroyedourattentionspansandleftsomanyofuswithsmartphoneaddiction;socialmediagrabbedanddestroyedourabilitytoshareaninformationalenvironment.AndnowAIthreatenstograbandatrophy(使萎縮)ourmentalmusclesentirely.Yet,Iseehope.Ithinkweareatthebeginningstagesofaquitesignificantbacklashtothat.Teensarechoosingsimpleflipphones;peopleattenddigitaldetoxevents;thosestupidQR-codemenusareswiftlydisappearing;three-and-a-half-hourlongpodcastsgetmillionsoflistens.We’reslowlyfightingbackagainstendlessdistractions.Yearsago,IvisitedanartexhibitinPariswherethe“art”wassimplyconversationswithstrangers.Likethatexhibit,liferequirestimeandpresence.Onthefilmset,pretendinginafictionalworldironicallybroughtusclosertowhat’sreal—humanconnection.Thoughmyactingrolewassmall,thosephone-freehoursremindedme:truejoyliesnotinscreens,butinthemessy,unpredictablemomentsweshare24.Whathappenedwhentheauthorcouldn’tusephonesonthemovieset?A.Theyfeltboredandimpatient.B.Theyinteracteddeeplywithstrangers.C.Theyfocusedonmemorizingscripts.D.Theydiscoverednewfilmmakingtechniques.25.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardmoderntechnology?A.Fullysupportiveofitsconvenience.B.Indifferenttoitsdevelopment.C.Concernedaboutitssocialimpact.D.Confidentinitsproblem-solvingpower.26.Whichofthefollowingmightbeanexampleof“digitaldetox”inpara.3?A.deletingharmfulonlinecontent B.takingabreakfromelectronicdevicesC.improvingsmartphonebatterylife D.makingdigitaldevicemoreeffective27.Whichtitlebestsummarizesthearticle?A.HollywoodSecrets:BehindtheScenesofFilmingB.HowAIThreatensHumanCreativityC.TheRiseofOld-dayTechnologyAmongTeenagersD.RegainingRealLifeinaScreen-DominatedWorld【答案】24.B25.C26.B27.D【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者作為群眾演員參與好萊塢電影拍攝的經歷，特別是在拍攝過程中沒有手機干擾，從而有機會與他人進行真實交流的感受。【24題詳析】細節理解題。根據文章第二段“Onset,phoneswerelockedawayaftermakeup.Withoutscreens,wefacedsomethingunusual:realconversations.Duringlongwaitsbetweenscenes,peopleactuallytalked.Anartstudentsketchedtattooideasforme;aParisianactorsharedherloveforVietnamesefood;aHaitianmantoldstoriesofhischildhood.Weplayedgames,debatedsillytheories,andlaughedfreely.Itfeltlikesteppingintoaworldbeforesmartphonesruledourattention.(在片場，化完妝后手機就被鎖起來了。沒有了手機屏幕，我們面對的是一件不尋常的事情：真正的對話。在拍攝間隙的漫長等待時間里，人們真的在交談。一位學藝術的學生給我畫了一些紋身的設計草圖；一位巴黎演員和我分享了她對越南美食的喜愛；一位海地人講述了他童年的故事。我們一起玩游戲，爭論一些荒唐的理論，盡情地歡笑。這感覺就像是走進了一個智能手機尚未占據我們全部注意力的世界。)”可知，在片場不能使用手機后，作者和其他人進行了真正的對話，人們分享了各自的事情，一起玩游戲、爭論，有深入的交流互動。因此，當作者在電影片場不能使用手機時，他們與陌生人進行了深入的互動。故選B。【25題詳析】推理判斷題。根據文章第三段“Thisexperiencemademerealizehowtechnologyhaschangedus.Oncetechnologydidbringpeopletogether,butgraduallytheygrabbedandthendestroyedourattentionspansandleftsomanyofuswithsmartphoneaddiction;socialmediagrabbedanddestroyedourabilitytoshareaninformationalenvironment.AndnowAIthreatenstograbandatrophy(使萎縮)ourmentalmusclesentirely.(這次經歷讓我意識到科技是如何改變我們的。曾經，科技確實讓人們聚在一起，但漸漸地，它吸引并破壞了我們的注意力持續時間，讓我們很多人都對智能手機上癮；社交媒體吸引并破壞了我們共享信息環境的能力。而現在，人工智能似乎正威脅著要完全吸引并削弱我們的思維能力。)”可知，作者通過在片場不能使用手機的經歷，意識到科技曾經讓人們聚在一起，但后來逐漸破壞了人們的注意力持續時間，導致很多人手機成癮，社交媒體破壞了人們共享信息環境的能力，現在人工智能還威脅著削弱人們的思維能力。這表明作者對現代技術的社會影響表示擔憂。故選C。【26題詳析】推理判斷題。根據文章第四段“Ithinkweareatthebeginningstagesofaquitesignificantbacklashtothat.Teensarechoosingsimpleflipphones;peopleattenddigitaldetoxevents;thosestupidQR-codemenusareswiftlydisappearing;three-and-a-half-hourlongpodcastsgetmillionsoflistens.(然而，我還是看到了希望。我認為我們正處于對這種情況的一次相當重要的抵制的初始階段。青少年們開始選擇簡單的翻蓋手機；人們參加數字排毒活動；那些討厭的二維碼菜單正迅速消失；長達三個半小時的播客能獲得數百萬次的收聽量。)”可推測，digitaldetox指的是遠離數碼產品，讓自己從電子設備的過度使用中解脫出來，進行休息和調整。選項B“takingabreakfromelectronicdevices”，意為“從電子設備中解脫出來休息一下”符合digitaldetox的含義。故選B。【27題詳析】主旨大意題。根據文章內容可知，文章講述了作者作為群眾演員參與電影拍攝時，在片場不能使用手機的經歷，讓作者感受到了人與人之間真實的交流和聯系。接著作者反思了現代科技對人們的影響，如破壞注意力、導致手機成癮等，同時也看到了人們在抵制科技帶來的不良影響，如選擇翻蓋手機、參加數字排毒活動等。最后強調真正的快樂存在于人與人之間的真實互動，而不是在屏幕之中，即在屏幕主導的世界中重新找回真實生活。選項D“RegainingRealLifeinaScreen-DominatedWorld(在屏幕主導的世界中重新找回真實生活)”準確地概括了文章通過在片場的經歷反思現代科技影響，呼吁人們擺脫屏幕束縛，回歸真實生活的主旨，適合作標題。故選D。CRecentstudiesindicatethatbothanimalsandplantspossesstheabilitytoswiftlyadapttochallengingenvironmentalconditionstoensuretheirsurvival.AstudypublishedinthejournalTrendsinPlantScienceexplorestherapidadaptationprocessesofplantsinresponsetoclimatechangeandhowtheseadaptivetraitsareinheritedbytheiroffspring(后代).Plantsareencounteringmoreenvironmentalchallengesthanever.Forinstance,innumerousregions,theimpactofclimatechangeisleadingtoshorterwinterseasons,andplantsareadaptingaccordingly.“Manyplantsrequireaminimumperiodofcoldinordertosetuptheirenvironmentalclocktodefinetheirfloweringtime,”saysMartinelli,aplantgeneticistattheUniversityofFlorence.“Ascoldseasonsshorten,plantshaveadaptedtorequireshorterperiodsofcoldtodelayflowering.Theseprocessesallowplantstoavoidfloweringinperiodswhentheyhavefeweropportunitiestoreproduce.”Sinceplantslackneuralsystems,theirmemoryfunctionsrelyentirelyoncellular,molecular(分子的),andbiochemicalnetworks.Thesenetworksmakeupwhattheresearcherscallsomaticmemory(體細胞記憶).“Itallowsplantstorecognizetheoccurrenceofapreviousenvironmentalconditionandtoreactaccordingly,”saysMartinelli.Thesesomaticmemoriescanthenbetransmittedtotheplants’offspringthroughepigenetics(表現遺傳).“Severalexamplesdemonstratetheexistenceofmolecularprocessesmodulatingplantmemorytoenvironmentalstressesandaffectingtheadaptationofoffspringtothesestresses,”saysMartinelli.Movingforward,Martinelliaimstogaindeeperinsightsintothespecificgenesthatarebeinginherited.“WeareparticularlyinterestedindecodingtheepigeneticcodewithoutchangesinDNAsequence(序列),”hesays.“Thisisespeciallyimportantwhenweconsidertherapidclimatechange,weobservetodaythateverylivingorganism,includingplants,needstoquicklyadapttosurvive.”28.Howhaveplantsadjustedtoshortenedcoldseasons?A.Theyhaveshortenedtheirfloweringtime.B.Theyhavegotmorechancestoreproduce.C.Theyhaveavoidedfloweringincoldseasons.D.Theyhaveadjustedtheirenvironmentalclock.29.Whatcanwelearnaboutsomaticmemory?A.Itiscompletelydependentonneuralnetworks.B.Itcanenhancethesurvivaloftheplants’offspring.C.Itcanhelprelieveenvironmentalstresses.D.Itdisturbstheplants’biochemicalnetworks.30.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“modulating”meaninparagraph4?A.Adapting. B.Valuing. C.Recording. D.Sharing.31.What’sthemainideaconveyedinthetext?A.Plantsaresmartaboutfloweringtime.B.Plantsarealsocapableofadaptingtoclimatechange.C.Environmentalpressureschallengeplants.D.Thesecretsofplantgenesaretobeuncovered.【答案】28.D29.B30.A31.B【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文，主要介紹了植物為適應環境變化所展現出的能力。【28題詳析】細節理解題。根據第二段“Manyplantsrequireaminimumperiodofcoldinordertosetuptheirenvironmentalclocktodefinetheirfloweringtime,”saysMartinelli,aplantgeneticistattheUniversityofFlorence.“Ascoldseasonsshorten,plantshaveadaptedtorequireshorterperiodsofcoldtodelayflowering.(佛羅倫薩大學的植物遺傳學家Martinelli說：“許多植物需要一個最短的寒冷期來設置它們的環境時鐘，以確定它們的開花時間”“隨著寒冷季節的縮短，植物已經適應了需要更短的寒冷期來推遲開花)”可知，植物是通過調整環境時鐘來適應縮短的寒冷季節的。故選D。【29題詳析】推理判斷題。根據第四段“Thesesomaticmemoriescanthenbetransmittedtotheplants’offspringthroughepigenetics(表現遺傳).“Severalexamplesdemonstratetheexistenceofmolecularprocessesmodulatingplantmemorytoenvironmentalstressesandaffectingtheadaptationofoffspringtothesestresses,”saysMartinelli.(然后，這些體細胞記憶可以通過表觀遺傳傳遞給植物的后代。馬蒂內利說：“一些例子證明了存在調節植物對環境壓力記憶的分子過程，并且這些過程會影響后代對這些壓力的適應”)”可知，體細胞記憶能傳遞給后代且影響后代對環境壓力的適應，從而增強后代的生存能力。故選B。【30題詳析】詞義猜測題。根據第四段“Severalexamplesdemonstratetheexistenceofmolecularprocessesmodulatingplantmemorytoenvironmentalstressesandaffectingtheadaptationofoffspringtothesestresses,”saysMartinelli.(馬蒂內利說：“一些例子證明了存在modulating植物對環境壓力記憶的分子過程，并且這些過程會影響后代對這些壓力的適應”)”可知，這些分子過程是使植物的記憶與環境壓力相適應，進而影響后代對壓力的適應。所以劃線詞的意思為“適應”。故選A。【31題詳析】主旨大意題。根據第一段“Recentstudiesindicatethatbothanimalsandplantspossesstheabilitytoswiftlyadapttochallengingenvironmentalconditionstoensuretheirsurvival.AstudypublishedinthejournalTrendsinPlantScienceexplorestherapidadaptationprocessesofplantsinresponsetoclimatechangeandhowtheseadaptivetraitsareinheritedbytheiroffspring(后代).(最近的研究表明，動物和植物都具有迅速適應具有挑戰性的環境條件以確保生存的能力。發表在《植物科學趨勢》雜志上的一項研究探索了植物對氣候變化的快速適應過程，以及這些適應特征是如何遺傳給它們的后代的。）以及后文對植物適應氣候變化的具體闡述可知，文章主要圍繞植物適應氣候變化展開。故選B。DTheUnitedStatesisjam-packedwithremindersofourhugeoilappetite:sincethe1850s,therehavebeenaround3.5millionoilwellsacrossthecountry.Yet,manyofthosewereabandonedafterthecompaniesranoutofbusiness.Theseforgottensites,referredtoofficiallyas“undocumentedorphanwells”(UOWs),canreleasedangerouschemicalsforyears.Locatingtheselong-inactivewellsisahighlytime-consumingprocess:youcouldspendcountlesshourspouringoverhundredsofthousandsofoldmaps.However,ArtificialIntelligencemayofferafasterchoice.ResearchersfromBerkeleyLabdetailedtheirprocessfortrainingsuchanAImodelinanarticlepublishedthisweek.Basedonaround100mapsspanning45years,theteamaskedtheAIspecificallytoidentifysymbolsshapedlikeahollow(中空的)blackcirclethatwascommonlyusedtoidentifyoilwell.Ahumandataexpertthenspent40hoursidentifyingexamplesofthesesymbolswhichthenservedastheAImodel’strainingset.WhentrainingtheAI,theresearchershadtoconsiderothersymbolswithsimilar-lookingcircularpatternsthatcouldbemistakenlyidentifiedandresultinfalsepositives.Somemapswereinrelativelygoodcondition,butotherswereworndownovertime.BerkeleyLabscientistCharulekacomparedthisprocessto“findinganeedleinahaystack(干草垛)”.OncetheAIwasfullytrainedtorecognizethewellsymbols,theresearchersthenappliedittothousandsofmaps.Themodelcamebackwiththelocationsof1,301potentiallyundocumentedorphanwells.ScientiststhenusedsatelliteimagesfromGoogleEarthtocheckthelocations,lookingforvisiblesurfacefeatureslikewellstructuresandstoragetanks,andconfirmed29wells.Forwellsinvisiblefromabove,researchersconductedon-siteinvestigationsusingequipmenttotrackdownundergroundmetalpipes,confirminganadditional15wells.Lookingahead,researchersaimtocombineAI’spredictiveabilitieswithothermoderntechnologiestospeeduptheshutting-downprocess.“AIcanenhanceourunderstandingofthepastbyprocessinginformationfromhistoricaldataonascalethatcouldn’tbeachievedjustafewyearsago,”Charulekanoted,“Themorewegointothefuture,themoreyoucanalsousethepast.”32.Whydoestheauthormentionthenumberofoilwellsinthefirstparagraph?A.Tohighlightthelonghistoryofglobaloilindustry.B.ToexplaintheU.S.effortsindevelopingoilindustry.C.Tostressthehugeeconomicbenefitsofoilwells.D.ToindicatetheneedforAIinmanagingoilwells.33.WhichofthefollowingisthechallengefacedduringtheAItrainingprocess?A.Runningoutofthefunds. B.Hiringhumandataexperts.C.Avoidingmisidentificationofsymbols. D.Keepingthemapsingoodcondition.34.WhatistheapplicationoftheAImodeldevelopedbyBerkeleyLab?A.Itrestoresworn-outmaps. B.ItpredictsUOWs’locations.C.Itassistson-siteinvestigations. D.Keepingthemapsingoodcondition.35.WhatistheCharuleka’sattitudetowardstheapplicationofAI?A.Positive. B.Skeptical. C.Pessimistic. D.Cautious.【答案】32.D33.C34.B35.A【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了人們開始利用人工智能關閉“無證廢棄油井”，解釋了具體的操作方式以及存在的挑戰。【32題詳析】推理判斷題。根據第一段“Yet,manyofthosewereabandonedafterthecompaniesranoutofbusiness.Theseforgottensites,referredtoofficiallyas“undocumentedorphanwells”(UOWs),canreleasedangerouschemicalsforyears.Locatingtheselong-inactivewellsisahighlytime-consumingprocess:youcouldspendcountlesshourspouringoverhundredsofthousandsofoldmaps.However,ArtificialIntelligencemayofferafasterchoice.(這些被遺忘的地方，官方稱為“無證廢棄油井”（UOWs），可以釋放危險的化學物質多年。定位這些長期不活躍的井是一個非常耗時的過程：你可能要花費無數個小時來處理成千上萬的舊地圖。然而，人工智能可能會提供一個更快的選擇)”可知，作者在第一段提到油井的數量是為了說明人工智能在油井管理中的必要性。故選D。【33題詳析】細節理解題。根據第二段“WhentrainingtheAI,theresearchershadtoconsiderothersymbolswithsimilar-lookingcircularpatternsthatcouldbemistakenlyidentifiedandresultinfalsepositives.(在訓練人工智能時，研究人員必須考慮其他具有類似圓形圖案的符號，這些符號可能被錯誤識別并導致誤報)”可知，避免誤認符號是人工智能訓練過程中面臨的挑戰。故選C。【34題詳析】細節理解題。根據第三段“Themodelcamebackwiththelocationsof1,301potentiallyundocumentedorphanwells.(該模型得到了1301口可能未被記錄的廢棄油井的位置)”可知，伯克利實驗室開發的人工智能模型的應用是它預測UOWs的位置。故選B。【35題詳析】推理判斷題。根據最后一段““AIcanenhanceourunderstandingofthepastbyprocessinginformationfromhistoricaldataonascalethatcouldn’tbeachievedjustafewyearsago,”Charulekanoted,“Themorewegointothefuture,themoreyoucanalsousethepast.”(“人工智能可以通過從歷史數據中處理信息來增強我們對過去的理解，這在幾年前是無法實現的，”Charuleka指出，“我們越深入未來，你就越能利用過去。”)”可知，Charuleka對AI應用的態度是積極的。故選A。第二節（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.