高級(jí)中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1天津市河?xùn)|區(qū)2024-2025學(xué)年度第二學(xué)期高三質(zhì)量檢測(cè)(二)英語試卷第一部分：英語知識(shí)運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分45分)第一節(jié)：?jiǎn)雾?xiàng)填空(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)從A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。1.—Jack,I’msorry.Iusedyourcomputerwhenyouwereawaythismorning.—______.A.Withpleasure B.That’sallright C.Thatdepends D.Takeyourtime【答案】B【解析】考查情景交際。句意：——杰克，對(duì)不起。今天早上你不在的時(shí)候，我用了你的電腦。——沒關(guān)系。A.Withpleasure樂意效勞，很愿意；B.That’sallright沒關(guān)系；C.Thatdepends那要看情況而定；D.Takeyourtime別著急。根據(jù)上文句意可知，回應(yīng)“對(duì)不起”，此處為短語That’sallright“沒關(guān)系”，滿足上下句意要求。故選B項(xiàng)。2.Overthepastfewyears,thenumberofmonarchbutterflies______significantly.A.havecrashed B.crashed C.iscrashing D.hascrashed【答案】D【解析】考查時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。句意：過去幾年，黑脈金斑蝶的數(shù)量急劇下降。根據(jù)上文“Overthepastfewyears”可知，本句為現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，thenumberof后接名詞復(fù)數(shù)，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。故選D項(xiàng)。3.Keepingabalanceofwork,restanddiet,andhaving______exercisewillsavepeoplefromillnesses.A.temporary B.convenient C.appropriate D.fierce【答案】C【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：保持工作、休息和飲食的平衡，進(jìn)行適當(dāng)?shù)腻憻捒梢允谷藗儽苊馍　.temporary暫時(shí)的；臨時(shí)的；B.convenient方便的；便利的；C.appropriate適當(dāng)?shù)模磺‘?dāng)?shù)模籇.fierce激烈的；兇猛的。根據(jù)“Keepingabalanceofwork,restanddiet”可知，這里說的是生活方式要適度、合理，所以應(yīng)該是進(jìn)行“適當(dāng)?shù)摹卞憻挕９蔬xC。4.Mybrotherisn’tverygoodatmaths,but______English,heissecondtonone.A.intermsof B.infaceof C.onaccountof D.infavorof【答案】A【解析】考查介詞短語辨析。句意：我弟弟數(shù)學(xué)不太好，但在英語方面，他是首屈一指的。A.intermsof就……方面而言，在……方面；B.infaceof面對(duì)；C.onaccountof由于，因?yàn)椋籇.infavorof支持。根據(jù)后文“English,heissecondtonone”指弟弟在英語方面是首屈一指的。故選A。5.MysistermetJimattheGrandTheatreyesterdayafternoon,sohe______haveattendedyourlecture.A.couldn’t B.shouldn’t C.needn’t D.mustn’t【答案】A【解析】考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞辨析。句意：我姐姐昨天下午在大劇院遇見了吉姆，所以他不可能參加了你的講座。A.couldn’t不能；B.shouldn’t不應(yīng)該；C.needn’t不必；D.mustn’t禁止。由句意和MysistermetJimattheGrandTheatreyesterdayafternoon可知，這里考查couldn’thavedone，表示對(duì)過去事情的否定推測(cè)，意為“不可能做過某事”。故選A項(xiàng)。6.Itissaidthat______hometownproductsthroughlivestreaminghelpsmanyvillagersbecomericherthanbefore.A.beingsold B.sell C.selling D.havingbeensold【答案】C【解析】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：據(jù)說通過直播銷售家鄉(xiāng)產(chǎn)品幫助許多村民比以前更富有了。“(sell)hometownproductsthroughlivestreaming”在主語從句中作主語，用動(dòng)名詞selling作主語。故選C項(xiàng)。7.Everyyear,HarbinIceandSnowWorldinChina______tomanypeoplefromtheworld.A.attaches B.attracts C.approaches D.appeals【答案】D【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：每年，中國(guó)的哈爾濱冰雪大世界都吸引著來自世界各地的許多人。A.attaches附在，貼；B.attracts吸引；C.approaches靠近；D.appeals吸引。根據(jù)句意可知，此處為動(dòng)詞短語appealto“吸引”，滿足句意要求。B項(xiàng)attract為及物動(dòng)詞，不需要加介詞to，故排除。故選D項(xiàng)。8.Thisprogramwassetupwiththe________ofprovidinghelpforhomelesspeople.A.intelligence B.intention C.interaction D.instrument【答案】B【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：建立這個(gè)項(xiàng)目的目的是為無家可歸的人提供幫助。A.intelligence智力，才智；B.intention目的，意圖；C.interaction互動(dòng)；D.instrument樂器。根據(jù)“ofprovidinghelpforhomelesspeople”可知，此處是指建立這個(gè)項(xiàng)目的目的。故選B。9.InAustralia,surfingisapopularsportamongyoungpeople____theycanseekexcitementandadventure.A.that B.which C.where D.how【答案】C【解析】考查定語從句。句意：在澳大利亞，沖浪在年輕人中是一項(xiàng)很受歡迎的運(yùn)動(dòng)，從中他們可以尋求刺激和冒險(xiǎn)。分析句子成分可知，該句是一個(gè)限制性定語從句，先行詞是sport，在從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語，應(yīng)用關(guān)系副詞where引導(dǎo)，相當(dāng)于inwhich。故選C項(xiàng)。10.Theboy’sface______whenheheardtheamazingnewsthathewontheprizeforoverseasstudytour.A.broughtup B.litup C.putup D.tookup【答案】B【解析】考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：當(dāng)男孩聽到自己贏得海外游學(xué)獎(jiǎng)這個(gè)驚人的消息時(shí)，他面露喜色。A.broughtup提出，養(yǎng)育；B.litup(使)容光煥發(fā)，(使)面露喜色；C.putup張貼，搭建；D.tookup開始從事，占據(jù)。結(jié)合語境和常識(shí)，聽到獲獎(jiǎng)的好消息，通常會(huì)面露喜色，因此，用“l(fā)itup”來描述男孩聽到消息后的反應(yīng)是最合適的。故選B項(xiàng)。11.Theyoungman______anexplanationasecondtime,buthewasstillatalosstoknowhowtoaddresstheproblem.A.gave B.hadgiven C.hasbeengiven D.hadbeengiven【答案】D【解析】考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)。句意：這個(gè)年輕人第二次得到了解釋，但他仍然不知道如何解決這個(gè)問題。分析句子可知，句中“buthewasstillataloss...”使用了一般過去時(shí)，而“giveanexplanation”這個(gè)動(dòng)作發(fā)生在“wasstillataloss”之前，即過去的過去，所以要用過去完成時(shí)。同時(shí)，“theyoungman”和“giveanexplanation”之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，即“這個(gè)年輕人被給予解釋”，所以要用過去完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)“hadbeengiven”。故選D項(xiàng)。12.Whatisevenmoreimportantis______theearthcooleddown,andwaterbegantoappearonitssurface.A.what B.as C.that D.which【答案】C【解析】考查表語從句。句意：更重要的是，地球冷卻下來，水開始出現(xiàn)在它的表面。分析句子可知，設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)表語從句，從句是一個(gè)完整的句子，不缺少任何成分，所以用從屬連詞“that”引導(dǎo)，只起連接作用，沒有實(shí)際意義。故選C項(xiàng)。13.Peterwassoexcited______hereceivedaticketfromhisfriendtoattendAndyLau’sconcertinHongKong.A.when B.evenif C.that D.eversince【答案】A【解析】考查連詞辨析。句意：當(dāng)彼得收到朋友給他的一張去香港參加劉德華音樂會(huì)的門票時(shí)，他非常興奮。A.when當(dāng)……時(shí)候；B.evenif即使；C.that（用于某些動(dòng)詞、形容詞和名詞后，引出各種從句）D.eversince自從。由句意和hereceivedanticketfromhisfriend可知，這里指當(dāng)彼得收到朋友給他的一張門票時(shí)很高興，所以應(yīng)用when來引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句，符合句意。故選A項(xiàng)。14.Inthe2024ParisOlympics,theChinesesportsdelegationwon40goldmedals,______thefirstonthegoldmedallist.A.torank B.ranking C.ranked D.havingranked【答案】B【解析】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：在2024年巴黎奧運(yùn)會(huì)上，中國(guó)體育代表團(tuán)贏得40枚金牌，排名金牌榜第一。空處為非謂語動(dòng)詞，與上文為主動(dòng)關(guān)系，用現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語。故選B項(xiàng)。15.—I’mafraidIcanonlymakeasmallcontributionthistime.—______.Wereallyappreciateyourassistance.A.Everylittlehelps B.Themore,thebetterC.Wellbegun,halfdone D.Betterlatethannever【答案】A【解析】考查交際用語。句意：——這次恐怕我只能做一點(diǎn)小小的貢獻(xiàn)。——積少成多。我們真的很感謝你的幫助。A.Everylittlehelps積少成多；B.Themore,thebetter越多越好；C.Wellbegun,halfdone良好的開端是成功的一半；D.Betterlatethannever遲做總比不做好。根據(jù)“makeasmallcontribution”可知，“積少成多”符合語境。故選A項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)：完形填空(共20小題;每小題1.5分.滿分30分)閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，然后從16-35各題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。Onedaylastsummer,Istayedathome,helpingmymotherwithsomehousework.Itwasanunusually____16____day,withthesunshiningandthetemperaturerisingsteadily.AllIwantedwas____17____downwithacupofmyfavouritecolddrink.Seekingaquickescapefromtheheat,Idecidedtomakeaquick____18____tothenewlyopenedIceCream&Teashopatthestreetcornerfora____19____.Uponarrivingattheshop,Ieagerlyplacedmyorderforarefreshingcolddrinkandaskedtheserverto____20____twotubsofchocolateicecreamformyfamilyathome.Whilewaitingformytake-out,Ifinishedmycoldtreatandwasenjoyingthepleasantviewofthetwocolorfully____21____icecreams,sittingsidebyside,eachtubaworkofart.Nowthatmyto-goorderwas____22____,Iheadedtothepaymentcountertosettlethebill.Surprisingly,thecashierhadforgottento____23____meformycolddrink,____24____onlyforthetwotubs.Thenextfew____25____passedbyasI____26____betweendoingwhatwaseasy—clearingthebillandmovingout,anddoingwhatwasright—____27____theerror.IknewifIdidn’tbringtheerrorinthebilltohis____28____,mydrinkwouldbechargedagainsthis____29____.Atthatcriticalmoment,mydecisionwasmadeandIapproachedthecashier,andgentlytoldhimwhathehad____30____.Helookedatmewithasighof____31____andthankedmeprofuselyformytellinghimtheerror.Haditnotbeenformy____32____tellinghimtheerror,hewouldhavebeen____33____.Thelookofreliefonhisfacewascontagious,andIcouldn’thelpbutsmileinreturn.AsIlefttheshop,Ifeltasenseofprideand____34____aboutmyself.Iknewthatdayhowwonderfulitfelttodowhatwasright____35____whatwaseasy.16.A.hot B.foggy C.warm D.comfortable17.A.calming B.breaking C.setting D.cooling18.A.choice B.call C.trip D.decision19.A.meal B.treat C.work D.cure20.A.sell B.give C.make D.pack21.A.invented B.created C.prepared D.described22.A.slow B.ready C.late D.over23.A.cash B.buy C.pay D.bill24.A.taking B.charging C.waiting D.asking25.A.days B.weeks C.hours D.seconds26.A.wondered B.checked C.doubted D.debated27.A.pointingout B.turningto C.findingout D.lookinginto28.A.mind B.face C.notice D.note29.A.expenses B.expectation C.wishes D.salary30.A.missed B.reminded C.remained D.balanced31.A.need B.terror C.relief D.anxiety32.A.incredibly B.obviously C.secretly D.honestly33.A.fined B.hired C.sentenced D.beaten34.A.displeasure B.failure C.ambition D.satisfaction35.A.otherthan B.ratherthan C.regardlessof D.apartfrom【答案】16.A17.D18.C19.B20.D21.C22.B23.D24.B25.D26.D27.A28.C29.D30.A31.C32.D33.A34.D35.B【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。主要講述了在一個(gè)炎熱的夏日，作者去街角新開的冰淇淋茶店買冷飲，結(jié)賬時(shí)發(fā)現(xiàn)收銀員忘了給自己的冷飲結(jié)賬，經(jīng)過一番思想斗爭(zhēng)，作者最終選擇告知收銀員，從而讓收銀員避免了可能的損失，自己也獲得了一種自豪感和滿足感的故事。【16題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：這是一個(gè)異常炎熱的日子，陽光明媚，氣溫穩(wěn)步上升。A.hot熱的；B.foggy有霧的；C.warm溫暖的；D.comfortable舒適的。根據(jù)下文“withthesunshiningandthetemperaturerisingsteadily”可知天氣炎熱，故選A。【17題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我所想要的就是用一杯我最喜歡的冷飲來降溫。A.calming使平靜；B.breaking打破；C.setting設(shè)置；D.cooling使冷卻，使降溫。根據(jù)下文“withacupofmyfavouritecolddrink”可知，作者想要冷飲降溫，故選D。【18題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：為了快速逃離炎熱，我決定快速去街角新開的冰淇淋茶店買一份冷飲。A.choice選擇；B.call電話；C.trip出行，旅行；D.decision決定。根據(jù)下文“tothenewlyopenedIceCream&Teashop”可知，作者決定快速去街角新開的冰淇淋茶店買一份冷飲。makeatripto表示“去……一趟”，符合語境，故選C。【19題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：為了快速逃離炎熱，我決定快速去街角新開的冰淇淋茶店買一份冷飲。A.meal一餐；B.treat款待；C.work工作；D.cure治愈。根據(jù)上文“myfavouritecolddrink”可知，作者決定快速去街角新開的冰淇淋茶店買一份冷飲。treat“款待”，此處指買的冷飲。故選B。【20題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：到達(dá)商店后，我急切地下單買了一杯提神的冷飲，并讓服務(wù)員為我家里人打包兩桶巧克力冰淇淋。A.sell賣；B.give給；C.make制作；D.pack打包。根據(jù)下文“formyfamilyathome”可知是，作者要打包帶走兩桶巧克力冰淇淋，故選D。【21題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：在等待外賣的時(shí)候，我吃完了我的冷飲，欣賞著兩盒色彩鮮艷的冰淇淋，它們并排放在一起，每一盒都是一件藝術(shù)品。A.invented發(fā)明；B.created創(chuàng)造；C.prepared準(zhǔn)備，制作；D.described描述。根據(jù)下文“eachtubaworkofart.”可知，這里指冰淇淋被制作好放在那里，故選C。【22題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：現(xiàn)在我的外賣訂單準(zhǔn)備好了，我走向付款柜臺(tái)去結(jié)賬。A.slow慢的；B.ready準(zhǔn)備好的；C.late晚的；D.over結(jié)束的。根據(jù)下文“headedtothepaymentcountertosettlethebill”可知，訂單已準(zhǔn)備好可以結(jié)賬了，故選B。【23題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：令人驚訝的是，收銀員忘了給我的冷飲結(jié)賬，只收了兩桶冰淇淋的錢。A.cash兌現(xiàn)；B.buy買；C.pay支付；D.bill給……開賬單，收費(fèi)。根據(jù)上文“thecashierhadforgottento”以及后面提到的賬單錯(cuò)誤可知，是忘了給冷飲開賬單收費(fèi)，故選D。【24題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：令人驚訝的是，收銀員忘了給我的冷飲結(jié)賬，只收了兩桶冰淇淋的錢。A.taking拿；B.charging收費(fèi)；C.waiting等待；D.asking詢問。根據(jù)下文“onlyforthetwotubs”可知，是只對(duì)兩桶冰淇淋收費(fèi)，故選B。【25題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：接下來的幾秒鐘，我在做容易的事——結(jié)賬然后離開，和做正確的事——指出錯(cuò)誤之間進(jìn)行了辯論。A.days天；B.weeks周；C.hours小時(shí)；D.seconds秒。根據(jù)語境可知，作者是在短時(shí)間內(nèi)進(jìn)行思想斗爭(zhēng)，應(yīng)該是幾秒鐘。故選D。【26題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：接下來的幾秒鐘，我在做容易的事——結(jié)賬然后離開，和做正確的事——指出錯(cuò)誤之間進(jìn)行了辯論。A.wondered想知道；B.checked檢查；C.doubted懷疑；D.debated辯論，思考。這里指作者在心里進(jìn)行思想斗爭(zhēng)，故選D。【27題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：接下來的幾秒鐘，我在做容易的事——結(jié)賬然后離開，和做正確的事——指出錯(cuò)誤之間進(jìn)行了辯論。A.pointingout指出；B.turningto轉(zhuǎn)向；C.findingout找出；D.lookinginto調(diào)查。根據(jù)下文“tellinghimtheerror”可知，作者是要指出賬單的錯(cuò)誤，故選A。【28題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我知道如果我不把賬單上的錯(cuò)誤告訴他，我的飲料費(fèi)用就會(huì)從他的工資中扣除。A.mind頭腦；B.face臉；C.notice注意，通知；D.note筆記。根據(jù)下文“mydrinkwouldbechargedagainsthis”可知，知道如果我不把賬單上的錯(cuò)誤告訴他，我的飲料費(fèi)用就會(huì)從他的工資中扣除。bringsth.toone'snotice表示“使某事引起某人的注意”，也就是讓某人知道，故選C。【29題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我知道如果我不把賬單上的錯(cuò)誤引起他的注意，我的飲料費(fèi)用就會(huì)從他的工資中扣除。A.expenses費(fèi)用；B.expectation期望；C.wishes愿望；D.salary工資。根據(jù)常識(shí)可知，收銀員的失誤可能會(huì)導(dǎo)致他自己承擔(dān)飲料的費(fèi)用，即從工資中扣除，故D。【30題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：在那個(gè)關(guān)鍵時(shí)刻，我做出了決定，我走到收銀員面前，溫和地告訴他他遺漏的事情。A.missed遺漏，錯(cuò)過；B.reminded提醒；C.remained仍然是；D.balanced平衡。根據(jù)上文“thecashierhadforgotten”可知，作者告訴收銀員他忘記給冷飲收費(fèi)這件事，故選A。【31題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他松了一口氣看著我，非常感謝我告訴他這個(gè)錯(cuò)誤。A.need需要；B.terror恐懼；C.relief寬慰，輕松；D.anxiety焦慮。根據(jù)下文“andthankedmeprofuselyformytellinghimtheerror”可知，收銀員松了一口氣，故選C。【32題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：如果不是我誠(chéng)實(shí)地告訴他這個(gè)錯(cuò)誤，他就會(huì)被罰款。A.incredibly難以置信地；B.obviously明顯地；C.secretly秘密地；D.honestly誠(chéng)實(shí)地。根據(jù)上文“andgentlytoldhimwhathehad”可知，作者如實(shí)告知收銀員錯(cuò)誤，是誠(chéng)實(shí)的行為，故選D。【33題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：如果不是我誠(chéng)實(shí)地告訴他這個(gè)錯(cuò)誤，他就會(huì)被罰款。A.fined罰款；B.hired雇傭；C.sentenced判刑；D.beaten打敗。根據(jù)上文“mydrinkwouldbechargedagainsthis”可知，收銀員的失誤可能會(huì)導(dǎo)致他被罰款，故選A。【34題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)我離開商店時(shí)，我感到一種自豪感和滿足感。A.displeasure不高興；B.failure失敗；C.ambition野心；D.satisfaction滿足。根據(jù)上文“asenseofpride”以及作者做了正確的事可知，作者感到滿足，故選D。【35題詳析】考查介詞短語辨析。句意：那天我知道了做正確的事而不是容易的事是多么美妙的感覺。A.otherthan除了；B.ratherthan而不是；C.regardlessof不管；D.apartfrom除了。根據(jù)上文“Atthatcriticalmoment,mydecisionwasmadeandIapproachedthecashier,andgentlytoldhimwhathehad”可知，作者是在強(qiáng)調(diào)做正確的事，而不是選擇容易的事，故選B。第二部分：閱讀理解(共20小題;每小題2.5分，滿分50分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。ATrendOverviewTiredofheavy,oil-ladendishesandsugar-chargeddesserts?A“l(fā)ightmealrevolution”istransformingChinesetables.Fromlow-caloriesaladstograin-basedbowls,restaurantsanddeliveryplatformsnowoffer“smartdining”optionsthatprioritizesteamingoverfrying,andnaturalflavorsoverartificialadditives.MarketGrowthLow-caloric,low-fatandhigh-fibermealshavebecomepopularinChina’srestaurantsandonlinedeliveryplatforms.●Lightmealrestaurantssurgedfrom600toover3,500inoneyear(EconomicDaily).●Onlineordersforlightmealsjumped75%year-on-year,with60%ofdemandcomingfromBeijing,Shanghai,Guangzhou,andShenzhen(MeituanReport).●Millennialsleadconsumption,drawnbyweightmanagementanddigestivehealthbenefits.WhatLightMealsOfferHavingalightmeal,however,doesn’tmeansalad-onlydeprivation:Boiledmeats,wholegrains,andseasonalvegetablesformthecore.High-fiber,low-fatingredientslikequinoaandavocadoboostsatiety.Flavorinnovation:Thinkherb-marinatedchickenwithroastedsweetpotatoes,oredamame-toppedbrownricebowls.HealthBenefitsThesedishesareusefulforkeepinghealthyandcontrollingyourweight.That’sprobablywhysomanypeople,especiallymillennials(千禧一代),areintothem.Dinersseeitas“agreatwaytoavoidbloating(變胖).”CulturalShiftThesechangesineatingbehaviorareconnectedtodeeperchangesinhowpeoplethinkaboutfood,saysWalterWillett,chairofthenutritiondepartmentattheHarvardT.ChanSchoolofPublicHealth,US.“Dietquality,notquantity,isimportantforbothweightcontrolandlong-termwell-being,”WilletttoldTheNewYorkTimes.Readytojointhemovement?Sothenexttimeyouhaveapartywithfriends,tryalightmeal.Itwillsatisfynotonlyyourstomachbutmaybealsoyourheart.36.Whatarelightmeals?A.Fat-filleddishes.B.Meat-freedishes.C.Sugar-chargeddesserts.D.Low-calorieandhigh-fibermeals.37.Whatisthemainwaythattheauthorusedtoprovethepopularityoflightmeals?A.Listingnumbers. B.Givingexamples.C.Givingdescriptions. D.Showingotherpeople’sopinions.38.Whatdoweknowfromthesecondtolastparagraph?A.Lightmealswillstaypopularforawhile.B.One’seatinghabitshowstheirpersonality.C.Thereisachangeinattitudetowardhealthyeating.D.It’simportanttocattherightamountofgoodfood.39.Whyhasthe“l(fā)ightmeal”trendbecomepopularinChinaaccordingtothepassage?A.Itallowspeopletocatonlyvegetables.B.Ithelpscontrolweightandpromoteshealth.C.Itischeaperthantraditionalheartydishes.D.Itwasintroducedbyforeignexperts.40.Whatisthemainpurposeofthefinalparagraph?A.Tosummarizethebenefitsoflightmeals.B.Toencouragereaderstotrylightmeals.C.Tocomparelightmealswithtraditionaldiets.D.Tocriticizeunhealthyeatinghabits.【答案】36.D37.A38.C39.B40.B【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章圍繞中國(guó)興起的“輕食革命”展開，涵蓋其背景、市場(chǎng)表現(xiàn)、特點(diǎn)、益處及背后的文化意義等方面。【36題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“TrendOverview”部分中“Fromlow-caloriesaladstograin-basedbowls,restaurantsanddeliveryplatformsnowoffer“smartdining”optionsthatprioritizesteamingoverfrying,andnaturalflavorsoverartificialadditives.(從低熱量沙拉到谷物碗，餐館和外賣平臺(tái)現(xiàn)在提供“智能餐飲”選擇，優(yōu)先考慮蒸而不是油炸，優(yōu)先考慮天然香料而不是人工添加劑。)”以及“HealthBenefits”部分中“Thesedishesareusefulforkeepinghealthyandcontrollingyourweight.(這些菜肴對(duì)保持健康和控制體重都很有用。)”可知，輕食是低熱量、高纖維的食物。故選D項(xiàng)。【37題詳析】推理判斷題。在“MarketGrowth”部分，作者列舉了“Lightmealrestaurantssurgedfrom600toover3,500inoneyear(EconomicDaily).(輕食餐廳在一年內(nèi)從600家激增至3500多家（經(jīng)濟(jì)日?qǐng)?bào)）。)”“Onlineordersforlightmealsjumped75%year-on-year,with60%ofdemandcomingfromBeijing,Shanghai,Guangzhou,andShenzhen(MeituanReport).(外賣訂單同比增長(zhǎng)75%，其中60%的需求來自北上廣深（美團(tuán)報(bào)告）。)”等數(shù)據(jù)可知，作者是通過列舉數(shù)字來證明輕食的受歡迎程度。故選A項(xiàng)。【38題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Thesechangesineatingbehaviorareconnectedtodeeperchangesinhowpeoplethinkaboutfood,saysWalterWillett,chairofthenutritiondepartmentattheHarvardT.ChanSchoolofPublicHealth,US.“Dietquality,notquantity,isimportantforbothweightcontrolandlong-termwell-being,”WilletttoldTheNewYorkTimes.(美國(guó)哈佛大學(xué)公共衛(wèi)生學(xué)院營(yíng)養(yǎng)系主任沃爾特·威利特說，飲食行為的這些變化與人們對(duì)食物的看法的更深層次的變化有關(guān)。威利特在接受《紐約時(shí)報(bào)》采訪時(shí)表示：“飲食質(zhì)量，而不是數(shù)量，對(duì)控制體重和長(zhǎng)期健康都很重要。”)”可知，人們對(duì)健康飲食的態(tài)度發(fā)生了變化，從注重食物的數(shù)量轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)樽⒅仫嬍迟|(zhì)量。故選C項(xiàng)。【39題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“HealthBenefits”部分“Thesedishesareusefulforkeepinghealthyandcontrollingyourweight.That’sprobablywhysomanypeople,especiallymillennials(千禧一代),areintothem.Dinersseeitas“agreatwaytoavoidbloating(變胖)”(這些菜肴對(duì)保持健康和控制體重都很有用。這可能就是為什么這么多人，尤其是千禧一代，喜歡上它們的原因。食客們認(rèn)為這是“避免變胖的好方法。”)”可知，輕食潮流在中國(guó)流行是因?yàn)樗兄诳刂企w重和促進(jìn)健康。故選B項(xiàng)。【40題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Readytojointhemovement?Sothenexttimeyouhaveapartywithfriends,tryalightmeal.Itwillsatisfynotonlyyourstomachbutmaybealsoyourheart.(準(zhǔn)備好加入這場(chǎng)運(yùn)動(dòng)了嗎？所以下次你和朋友聚會(huì)的時(shí)候，試著吃一頓清淡的飯菜。它不僅會(huì)滿足你的胃，也許還會(huì)滿足你的心。)”可知，作者通過提問“準(zhǔn)備好加入這個(gè)潮流了嗎”以及建議“下次和朋友聚會(huì)時(shí)，試試輕食”，目的是鼓勵(lì)讀者嘗試輕食。故選B項(xiàng)。BMichaelandhiswife,newresidentsinaSanFranciscoapartment,learnedabouttheirneighborJeffDunan’svolunteerworkforBangladeshRelief,anorganizationthatprovidesfood,clothingandessentialsuppliesfordisadvantagedpeopleinnorthernBangladesh.Inspired,Michaeldonated$150toDunan’sGoFundMecampaign.However,acreditcardnotificationalertedhimtoanunintended$15,041charge.Whenhesawthefive-figurenumber,hewasconfused.Soon,itallmadesense.Michael’screditcardnumberstartedwithfourandone.Clearly,heaccidentallybegantypinghiscreditcardinformationwhilehiscursor(光標(biāo))wasstillinthedonationbox.MichaelplannedtocallDunantoexplain,butbeforehehadthechancetodothat,hestartedreceivingFacebookmessagesfromShohagChandra,thecharity’sBangladesh-basedprogrammanager,thankinghimforhisgenerousdonation.Afterhelookedthroughthephotosofpeopleholdingthank-yousignsthatreadhisname,Michael’sheartsank.Hefeltterriblethathehadtowithdrawhishandsomedonation.Oncehisoriginalcontributionwasrefunded,hedecidedtodonate$1,500.AlthoughMichaelhadtoldhisfamilyandfriendsaboutthetale,hedecidedtoshareitpubliclyonsocialmedia,afterDunantoldhimtheorganizationwasdesperatelyinneedoffunds.“TheleastIcoulddowastakethetimetopostthisstoryonlineandseeifIcouldinspireotherpeopletodonatetothecause,”Michaelsaid.Littledidheknow,though,thatthestorywouldbeseenfarandwide,endingupraisingmorethan$120,000forBangladeshReliefinthespanofonlyafewweeks—abouteighttimesMichael’smistakendonation.AccordingtoDunan,morethan3,700peoplehavecontributedbecauseofMichael’spost.Michaelhasbeenstunned(震驚)bytheongoingoutpouringofsupport.“NeverinmywildestdreamsdidIimaginethisreaction,”hesaid.“Peoplecanbeamazingwhentheycometogetherforsomethinglikethis.”41.HowdidMichaelmakethelargedonation?A.Heinputanincorrectamount.B.Heencounteredasystemerror.C.HewasgreatlyinspiredbyDunan.D.Heenteredwrongcreditcarddetails.42.WhydidMichael’sheartsinkaccordingtoParagraph3?A.Hesawpeopleindespair.B.Hefailedtoofferenoughmoney.C.Hedidn’treceivethefullrefund.D.Herealizedthescaleofhismistake.43.WhatmotivatedMichaeltosharethestoryonsocialmedia?A.Dunan’srequestforpublicity.B.Adesireforpersonalrecognition.C.Theorganization’surgentneedforfunds.D.Pressurefromhisfamilyandfriends.44.Whatmessagedoesthestoryconvey?A.Actionsspeaklouderthanwords.B.Manyhandsmakelightwork.C.Alwaysprepareforarainyday.D.Agoodbeginningishalfofvictory.45.WhatcanbeinferredaboutMichael’sdecisiontodonate$1,500afterreceivingarefund?A.Hewantedtoavoidpublicembarrassment.B.Hewasinspiredbythecharity’sgratitude.C.Heintendedtocorrecthisinitialmistake.D.Hefacedpressurefromfamilyandfriends.【答案】41.A42.D43.C44.B45.B【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文，主要講述了邁克爾和妻子搬到舊金山的公寓后，了解到鄰居杰夫?杜南為孟加拉國(guó)救濟(jì)組織做志愿者工作，邁克爾向該組織捐款時(shí)誤輸金額，本想撤回卻因看到組織的感謝而決定再次捐款，最后他將自己的經(jīng)歷分享到社交媒體上，為該組織籌集到大量資金的故事。【41題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Michael’screditcardnumberstartedwithfourandone.Clearly,heaccidentallybegantypinghiscreditcardinformationwhilehiscursor(光標(biāo))wasstillinthedonationbox.(邁克爾的信用卡號(hào)碼以4和1開頭。很明顯，當(dāng)他的光標(biāo)還在捐款框中時(shí)，他不小心開始輸入他的信用卡信息。)”可知，邁克爾是因?yàn)檩斎肓隋e(cuò)誤的金額才導(dǎo)致了大額捐款。故選A。【42題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Afterhelookedthroughthephotosofpeopleholdingthank-yousignsthatreadhisname,Michael’sheartsank.Hefeltterriblethathehadtowithdrawhishandsomedonation.(在他看了人們舉著寫有他名字的感謝牌的照片后，邁克爾的心一沉。他為不得不撤回他的大筆捐款而感到難過。)”可知，邁克爾意識(shí)到了自己錯(cuò)誤的嚴(yán)重性，所以心一沉。故選D。【43題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“AlthoughMichaelhadtoldhisfamilyandfriendsaboutthetale,hedecidedtoshareitpubliclyonsocialmedia,afterDunantoldhimtheorganizationwasdesperatelyinneedoffunds.(盡管邁克爾已經(jīng)把這件事告訴了他的家人和朋友，但在杜南告訴他該組織急需資金后，他決定在社交媒體上公開分享這件事。)”可知，是該組織急需資金促使邁克爾在社交媒體上分享這個(gè)故事。故選C。【44題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Littledidheknow,though,thatthestorywouldbeseenfarandwide,endingupraisingmorethan$120,000forBangladeshReliefinthespanofonlyafewweeks—abouteighttimesMichael’smistakendonation.AccordingtoDunan,morethan3,700peoplehavecontributedbecauseofMichael’spost.(然而，他不知道的是，這個(gè)故事將會(huì)被廣泛傳播，最終在短短幾周內(nèi)為孟加拉救濟(jì)組織籌集了超過12萬美元——大約是邁克爾誤捐金額的八倍。據(jù)杜南說，因?yàn)檫~克爾的帖子，超過3700人進(jìn)行了捐款。)”可知，文章講述了邁克爾的一個(gè)無意之舉，通過在社交媒體上分享，引發(fā)了眾多人的關(guān)注和捐款，最終為孟加拉國(guó)救濟(jì)組織籌集到了大量資金，體現(xiàn)了眾人拾柴火焰高的道理。故選B。【45題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Afterhelookedthroughthephotosofpeopleholdingthank-yousignsthatreadhisname,Michael’sheartsank.Hefeltterriblethathehadtowithdrawhishandsomedonation.Oncehisoriginalcontributionwasrefunded,hedecidedtodonate$1,500.(在瀏覽了那些舉著寫有他名字的感謝牌的照片后，邁克爾的心沉了下來。他不得不撤回他慷慨的捐款，這讓他非常難過。一旦他最初的捐款被退回，他決定再捐1500美元。)”可推知，邁克爾是受到了慈善組織表達(dá)的感激之情的鼓舞，才決定再次捐款。故選B。CMemorylossandcognitivedeclinearecommonconcernsaspeopleage.Medicalresearchhasbeenactivelyseekingwaystodelayorevenreversetheseeffects.Recently,ateamofresearchersfromHarvardMedicalSchoolhasmadesomeintriguingfindingsthatcouldleadtonewapproachesintreatingage-relatedmemorydecline.Whilethesediscoveriesmaynotbeearth-shatteringinthesenseofintroducingentirelynewconcepts,theydoofferimportantinsightsthatbuilduponexistingknowledge.Dr.EmilyRosenzweigandhercolleaguesfocusedtheirresearchontheroleofneurotransmitters(神經(jīng)遞質(zhì)),particularlyacetylcholine(乙酰膽堿),inmaintainingmemoryfunction.Acetylcholineisacrucialneurotransmitterinvolvedinlearning,memory,andoverallcognitivefunction.Theresearchersconductedaseriesofexperimentsusingmicegeneticallyengineeredtohavereducedlevelsofacetylcholine.Thesemiceshowedsignificantimpairmentsinmemorytaskscomparedtotheirnormalcounterparts.Inafollow-upstudy,theteamadministeredadrugknowntoenhanceacetylcholinelevelsinthebrain.Theyfoundthatthedrugimprovedmemoryperformanceinthegeneticallyengineeredmice,suggestingthatmaintainingadequateacetylcholinelevelscouldbekeytopreservingmemoryasweage.Rosenzweigemphasizedthatthisisnotacureformemorylossbutratherapotentialstrategyfordelayingitsonset.Anotherstudy,ledbyDr.JamesCarter,exploredtheeffectsofphysicalactivityoncognitivefunctioninelderlyindividuals.Carter’steamconductedarandomizedcontrolledtrialinvolvinghundredsofseniors.Participantswereassignedtoeitheragroupthatengagedinregularaerobicexerciseoracontrolgroupthatdidnot.Afterayear,theresearchersassessedthecognitivefunctionofbothgroupsusingstandardizedtests.Theyfoundthatthoseintheexercisegroupperformedsignificantlybetteronmemoryandattentiontaskscomparedtothecontrolgroup.Despitethesepromisingfindings,expertscautionthatmoreresearchisneededtofullyunderstandthecomplexrelationshipbetweenmemory,aging,andlifestylefactors.Dr.Rosenzweignotedthatwhilethedrugshowedpromiseinmice,itmaynothavethesameeffectinhumansduetodifferencesinbiologyandmetabolism.Similarly,Dr.Carteracknowledgedthatwhileexerciseseemstobenefitcognitivefunction,itisunclearwhetherthebenefitsextendtoallindividualsorifthereisacriticalperiodduringwhichexerciseismostbeneficial.Inconclusion,whiletheresearchfromHarvardMedicalSchooloffershopeforimprovingmemoryintheelderly,italsounderscorestheneedforcontinuedinvestigation.AsDr.Rosenzweigputit,“Wearestillatthebeginningofourunderstandingofhowthebrainagesandhowwecanintervenetoslowdownorreversetheprocess.”46.Whatdoestheword“intriguing”inParagraph:1mostlikelymean?A.Confusing. B.Boring.C.Fascinating. D.Disappointing.47.WhatwasthefocusofRosenzweigandhercolleagues’research?A.Theroleofacetylcholineinmaintainingmemoryfunction.B.Theeffectsofgeneticsoncognitivedecline.C.Thebenefitsofaerobicexerciseonthebrain.D.Theuseofdrugstocurememoryloss.48.AccordingtoRosenzweig,thedrugtheyadministeredisintendedtobe______.A.acureformemorylossB.apreventivemeasureforcognitivedeclineC.atreatmentforAlzheimer’sdiscaseD.astrategyfordelayingtheonsetofmemoryloss49.WhatcanweinferfromCarter’sstudy?A.Regularaerobicexerciseguaranteesimprovedcognitivefunction.B.Thebenefitsofexerciseoncognitivefunctionarcimmediate.C.Therelationshipbetweenexorciseandcognitivefunctionneedsfurtherresearch.D.Exercisehasnoeffectoncognitivefunctioninelderlyindividuals.50.Whatistheoverallmessageofthearticle?A.Memorylossisinevitableasweage.B.Exerciseisthekeytopreventingcognitivedecline.C.Researchershavemadesignificantbreakthroughsintreatingmemoryloss.D.Researchonmemoryandagingisongoingandmorehasalongwaytogo.【答案】46.C47.A48.D49.C50.D【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了哈佛醫(yī)學(xué)院關(guān)于記憶與衰老的研究情況，包括研究?jī)?nèi)容、發(fā)現(xiàn)以及專家觀點(diǎn)等。【46題詳析】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線詞下文“findingsthatcouldleadtonewapproachesintreatingage-relatedmemorydecline.(這些發(fā)現(xiàn)可能會(huì)為治療與年齡相關(guān)的記憶力衰退提供新的途徑)”以及“Whilethesediscoveriesmaynotbeearth-shatteringinthesenseofintroducingentirelynewconcepts,theydoofferimportantinsightsthatbuilduponexistingknowledge.(盡管從引入全新概念的角度來看，這些發(fā)現(xiàn)或許并非驚天動(dòng)地，但它們確實(shí)基于現(xiàn)有知識(shí)提供了重要的見解)”可知，醫(yī)學(xué)研究一直在積極尋找延緩甚至逆轉(zhuǎn)這些影響的方法，哈佛醫(yī)學(xué)院的研究人員的發(fā)現(xiàn)能帶來治療與年齡相關(guān)的記憶衰退的新方法，所以這些發(fā)現(xiàn)應(yīng)該是吸引人的、有趣的。由此可知，劃線詞intriguing意思是“有趣的，迷人的”。故選C。【47題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Dr.EmilyRosenzweigandhercolleaguesfocusedtheirresearchontheroleofneurotransmitters(神經(jīng)遞質(zhì)),particularlyacetylcholine(乙酰膽堿),inmaintainingmemoryfunction.(EmilyRosenzweig博士和她的同事們將研究重點(diǎn)放在了神經(jīng)遞質(zhì)，特別是乙酰膽堿在維持記憶功能方面的作用上)”可知，Rosenzweig和她的同事的研究重點(diǎn)是乙酰膽堿在維持記憶功能方面的作用。故選A。【48題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Rosenzweigemphasizedthatthisisnotacureformemorylossbutratherapotentialstrategyfordelayingitsonset.(Rosenzweig強(qiáng)調(diào)，這不是治療失憶的方法，而是一種延緩失憶發(fā)作的潛在策略)”可知，Rosenzweig認(rèn)為他們使用的藥物是一種延緩記憶喪失發(fā)作的策略。故選D。【49題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段中“Similarly,Dr.Carteracknowledgedthatwhileexerciseseemstobenefitcognitivefunction,itisunclearwhetherthebenefitse