高級中學名校試卷PAGEPAGE1上海市金山區2025屆高三下學期二模英語試卷I.Grammarandvocabulary(20分)SectionA(10分)Directions:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.Stand-upcomedyinChinaStand-upcomedy,originatingintheUnitedStates,hasgainedglobalappeal,includinginChina.___1___thefirstChinesestand-upcomedyclubwassetupinShenzhenin2009,thisformofentertainmentwasrelativelyunknowntomostChineseaudiences.Butthegrowingpopularityofstand-upcomedyinChina___2___(demonstrate)thathumorhasnoborders.Anothertwostand-upcomedyindustryleadersinChina___3___(establish)in2014and2017respectively.WangXuebin,aprofessoratthePartySchooloftheCPC,explains___4___stand-upcomedyissopopularinChina.Accordingtohim,thecomedymatchesmodernonlinetrends.Comediansoftentalkaboutcurrentsocialissuesinshortanddirectways,___5___fitswellwiththefast-paced,shortvideospeopleenjoyonline.Thetopicsarealsocloselyrelatedtoyoungpeople,whoareakeyaudience.Headdsthatstand-upcomedyiseasytostartbecauseitdoesn’trequirespecialskills.Anyone,___6___ageorgender,cantryit.ThismakesitwidelyappealinginChina.Inaregularcomedyshow,eachcomedianusuallyperformsforabout15minutes.However,inacomedyspecial(專場)___7___(focus)ononecomedian,theperformancelastsaround60minutes.Thislongerformatrequiresmoreworkonthescript(稿),makingthecontent___8___(rich),sotheaudiencealwaysfeelsit’sworththeirtime.Stand-upcomedy,withperformers’rawpersonalstruggles___9___(transform)intouniversallyrelatablehumor,hasgrownfromsmall,undergroundclubstobecomingamainstreampartofpopularculture.Thecompetitionisintense,withnewshowsconstantlyappearingandolderonesinnovating____10____(stay)relevant.Onethingisclear:whatwasonceaniche(小眾的)activityisnoweverywhereinChinaandshowsnosignsofdisappearing.【答案】1.When2.demonstrates3.wereestablished4.why5.which6.regardlessof7.focusing8.richer9.transformed10.tostay【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了脫口秀起源于美國，在中國逐漸流行，分析了其在中國受歡迎的原因、表演形式，還指出它已從小眾活動成為主流文化?！?題詳析】考查狀語從句。句意：當2009年第一家中國脫口秀俱樂部在深圳成立時，這種娛樂形式對大多數中國觀眾來說還相對陌生?！皌hefirstChinesestandupcomedyclubwassetupinShenzhenin2009”是時間狀語從句，結合語境，這里表示“當……時候”，用從屬連詞when引導該從句；句首單詞首字母大寫。故填When?！?題詳析】考查時態和主謂一致。句意：但脫口秀在中國日益增長的受歡迎程度表明幽默無國界。demonstrate(表明)是謂語動詞，句子陳述客觀事實，用一般現在時，主語是“thegrowingpopularity”是不可數名詞，謂語動詞用單數形式。故填demonstrates。【3題詳析】考查時態語態和主謂一致。句意：另外兩家中國脫口秀行業的領軍機構分別于2014年和2017年成立。establish(建立)是謂語動詞，與主語“Anothertwostandupcomedyindustryleaders”之間是被動關系，結合時間狀語“in2014and2017respectively”可知，講述過去的事情，用一般過去時的被動語態，主語是復數名詞，助動詞用were。故填wereestablished?！?題詳析】考查賓語從句。句意：中共黨校教授王學斌解釋了脫口秀為什么在中國如此受歡迎?！癬___standupcomedyissopopularinChina”是賓語從句，根據語境，這里要表達解釋的內容是“為什么”脫口秀受歡迎，用連接副詞why引導該從句并在從句中作原因狀語。故填why?！?題詳析】考查定語從句。句意：喜劇演員經常以簡短直接的方式談論當前的社會問題，這很符合人們在網上喜歡的快節奏短視頻?！癬___fitswellwiththefastpaced,shortvideospeopleenjoyonline”是非限制性定語從句，修飾前面整個句子，關系詞在從句中作主語，用關系代詞which引導該從句。故填which?！?題詳析】考查介詞短語。句意：任何人，無論年齡和性別，都可以嘗試。根據語境，這里表示“無論”年齡和性別，用介詞短語regardlessof。故填regardlessof?！?題詳析】考查非謂語動詞。句意：然而，在一場專注于一位喜劇演員的脫口秀專場中，表演持續約60分鐘。“(focus)ononecomedian”作后置定語，focus(專注)是非謂語動詞，與其邏輯主語“acomedyspecial”之間是主動關系，用現在分詞表主動。故填focusing?！?題詳析】考查形容詞比較級。句意：這種較長的形式需要在劇本上做更多的工作，使內容更豐富，所以觀眾總是覺得很值得花時間。根據“Thislongerformatrequiresmoreworkonthescript”可知，和普通表演相比，內容會“更豐富”，用形容詞rich的比較級richer，作賓語補足語。故填richer?！?題詳析】考查非謂語動詞。句意：脫口秀將表演者真實的個人奮斗轉化為普遍能引起共鳴的幽默，已經從地下小俱樂部發展成為流行文化的主流部分?！皐ithperformers’rawpersonalstruggles(transform)intouniversallyrelatablehumor”是with的復合結構，transform(轉化)是賓語補足語，用非謂語動詞形式，與其邏輯主語“performers’rawpersonalstruggles”之間是被動關系，用過去分詞表被動。故填transformed?！?0題詳析】考查非謂語動詞。句意：競爭很激烈，新節目不斷涌現，老節目不斷創新以跟上潮流。“(stay)relevant”是“olderonesinnovating”的目的，用不定式作目的狀語。故填tostay。SectionB(10分)Directions:Completethefollowingpassagebyusingthewordsinthebox.Eachwordcanonlybeusedonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.A.changesB.currentC.delaysD.enclosedE.identifiableF.includeG.matchingH.movementsI.occurredJ.overridingK.worksWeneedafourthwhitetrafficlighttoeasetrafficjamsEngineersproposeaddingawhitetrafficlighttoletself-drivingcarseasetrafficjams.Studiesshowthisfourthlightcouldhelpautonomousvehicles(AVs)managetrafficflowandreducetraveltime.Normally,thefour-lightsystemworkslike___11___three-lightsystems—redmeansstop,greenmeansgo.However,whenenoughself-drivingcarsapproachacrossroads,thewhitelightactivates,___12___thestandardsignals.ThistellshumandriversthatAVsarenowdirectingvehicle___13___viawirelesscommunication.Humandriversmustsimplyfollowthecarahead—___14___itsstopsormovements.Aresearcher,Dr.Ali,said,“Our‘whitephase’concepttapsintothecomputingpowerofAVsthemselves.EntitlingsomeofthetrafficflowcontroltoAVs___15___inanyAVcase.Butwemust___16___thewhitelightconceptatcrossroadstoclarifythesituationforhumans.”Thecolourofthe‘whitelight’doesn’tmatter.What’simportantisthatthereshouldbeasignalthatisclearly___17___bydrivers.Testsshowedthatsmallimprovementsintrafficflow___18___whenaslittleas10percentofthevehiclesatacrossroadswereautonomous.DrAlisaid,“Forexample,when10percentofvehiclesareautonomous,yousee___19___reducedby3percent.When30percentareautonomous,theyarereducedby10.7percent.”WhileAVsaren’treadyforimmediateuse,researcherssayitwouldrequireonlyminor___20___tocrossroadsandAVsoftwareupdates.Criticswarnthatrelyingonhumanstofollowthe“leader”ruleposesrisks,buttheteambelievesthisbalancesinnovationwithclearcommunicationduringthetransitiontoAVs.【答案】11.B12.J13.H14.G15.K16.F17.E18.I19.C20.A【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。工程師提議增設白交通燈助自動駕駛車疏堵，介紹其運作及效果，雖有風險但只需小改動即可實現?！?1題詳析】考查形容詞。句意：通常情況下，四燈系統的工作方式與當前的三燈系統類似——紅燈停，綠燈行。分析句子可知，這里需要一個形容詞來修飾“three-lightsystems”，current，表示“當前的”，符合語境，故選B?！?2題詳析】考查現在分詞。句意：然而，當足夠多的自動駕駛汽車接近十字路口時，白燈亮起，優先于標準信號。分析句子結構，這里可用現在分詞作伴隨狀語，overriding，表示“優先于；凌駕于”，符合“白燈亮起時會優先于標準信號”的意思。故選J?！?3題詳析】考查名詞。句意：這告訴人類司機，自動駕駛汽車現在正通過無線通信指揮車輛的移動。分析句子可知，vehicle后需要一個名詞，movements，表示“移動；運動”，符合“指揮車輛移動”的語境，故選H?！?4題詳析】考查現在分詞。句意：人類司機只需跟隨前面的車——匹配它的停車或移動。分析句子結構，這里可用現在分詞作伴隨狀語，matching，表示“匹配；與……相符”，符合“人類司機的操作要與前面車的動作相匹配”的意思。故選G?！?5題詳析】考查動詞。句意：在任何自動駕駛情況下，將部分交通流量控制權交給自動駕駛汽車都是有效的。分析句子可知，這里需要一個動詞作謂語，works，表示“起作用；有效”，符合語境。故選K。【16題詳析】考查動詞。句意：但我們必須在十字路口包含白燈概念，以便為人類澄清情況。分析句子可知，must后接動詞原形，include，表示“包含；包括”，符合“要把白燈概念包含在十字路口的交通規則中”的意思。故選F。【17題詳析】考查形容詞。句意：重要的是應該有一個能被司機清楚識別的信號。分析句子可知，is后可接形容詞作表語，identifiable，表示“可識別的；可辨認的”，符合“信號要能被司機清楚識別”的語境。故選E?！?8題詳析】考查動詞。句意：測試表明，當十字路口只有10%的車輛是自動駕駛時，交通流量就會出現小幅改善。分析句子可知，這里需要一個動詞作謂語，occurred，表示“發生；出現”，符合“交通流量出現改善”的語境。故選I?！?9題詳析】考查名詞。句意：例如，當10%的車輛是自動駕駛時，你會看到延誤減少了3%。分析句子可知，see后接名詞作賓語，delays，表示“延誤；延遲”，符合“交通延誤減少”的語境。故選C?！?0題詳析】考查名詞。句意：研究人員表示，這只需要對十字路口進行微小的改變和自動駕駛軟件更新。分析句子可知，minor后應接名詞，changes，表示“改變；變化”，符合“對十字路口進行小的改變”的語境。故選A。II.ReadingComprehension(45分)SectionA(15分)Directions:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.Tenyearsago,KavitaFavellewasenjoyingabeertastingeventwhensheandotherbeerenthusiastswereeachgivensmallpiecesofpapertoputintheirmouths.Thebite-sizedpapercontaineda(n)___21___ofabitterchemical.Byneedingtospititout,the52-year-old___22___herselftobeoneofthe25percentofthepopulationknownassuper-tasters.“Yourtastetypeisdeterminedbyhowstronglyyou___23___thisbittertaste,”saysAndrewCostanzo,expertinfoodandnutrition.“Super-tastersfindit___24___,normaltastersdon’tminditandthe25percentofnon-tasterscan’ttasteitatall.”Whichofthesethreegroupsyoufallintocanplayaroleinwhatyouchoosetoeatwith___25___effectstohealth.Super-tasters,likeFavelle,tendtoavoidfoodsthattheyconsidertastebitter.Onthepositiveside,thismeanstheyarelesslikelytosmokeordrinkalcohol.Onthenegativeside,theytendto___26___certainvegetableswhicharehighinbittercompounds–butalsocontaincancer-fightingcompounds.___27___thiswasthoughttobewhysuper-tastershaveahigherriskofsomecancersthannon-tasters,“butitturnsoutthattheissueismorethanthat,”saysDrCostanzo.“Theyhavegenerallyless___28___dietspossiblybecausetheyaremorecarefulabouttryingnewthings.”Andthiscouldconsequentlylowertheirgenerallevelofnutritionandexposureto___29___compounds.Super-tastersalsotendtoaddmoresalttotheirfood,assalt____30____bitterness,whichmightleadtonegativehealtheffectslikeraisingbloodpressure.Mediumornormaltasterstendtohaveabroaderabilitytotastebecausetheyareneither____31____tobitter-tastingfoods,nordotheyneedtosoaktheirfoodinsaucestomakeittasty.Whilesuper-tastersavoidcertainfoods,non-tastershavetheoppositeissue.Theytendtobehigherinweightthansuper-tasters,possiblybecausetheyneedhigherquantitiesofhighfat,highsugarfoodstosatisfytheir____32____needs.Besides,thefactthattheirtasteisn’tsosensitivemightalsohavea(n)____33____influenceonimmunity(免疫力).It’sdiscoveredthatnon-tastersweremorelikelythansuper-tasterstotestpositivetoCOVID.____34____,theyhadworsesymptoms(癥狀)whentheydid.Primarily,whatdetermineswhetheryouareasuper-tasteroranon-tasterisgenetics.Whilewecan’tchangeourgenes,wecan____35____ourtaste-budsinwaysthatmakeusfeelmorecomfortableeatingmoreofthethingsweshouldandlessofthoseweshouldn’t.Nomatterwhattypeyouare,understandingyourtastepreferencescanhelpyoualotwithyourhealth.21.A.sample B.component C.stock D.product22.A.introduced B.revealed C.adjusted D.allowed23.A.digest B.neglect C.perceive D.transform24.A.fantastic B.appealing C.nasty D.plain25.A.chain B.side C.mirror D.exposure26.A.comeupwith B.getdownto C.runawayfrom D.givewayto27.A.Originally B.Essentially C.Inevitably D.Increasingly28.A.healthy B.damaging C.controversial D.diverse29.A.additional B.organic C.chemical D.protective30.A.replaces B.hides C.strengthens D.removes31.A.accustomed B.reluctant C.familiar D.opposed32.A.emotional B.psychological C.survival D.flavour33.A.noticeable B.unpleasant C.insignificant D.temporary34.A.However B.Therefore C.Moreover D.Instead35.A.trick B.convert C.reverse D.perfect【答案】21.A22.B23.C24.C25.A26.C27.A28.D29.D30.B31.D32.D33.B34.C35.A【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了不同味覺類型對食物選擇的影響，以及這些選擇如何進一步影響個人的健康狀況?！?1題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這塊一口大小的紙里含有一種苦味化學物質的樣本。A.sample樣品；B.component成分；C.stock庫存、股票；D.product產品。根據下文“Byneedingtospititout,the52-year-old_____herselftobeoneofthe25percentofthepopulationknownassuper-tasters.”可推測，這里說的是給每個人一小片紙，里面含有一種苦味化學物質的樣本，讓他們品嘗。故選A?！?2題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：通過把紙放入口中品嘗并吐出這個行為，這位52歲的女士表明了自己是占人口25%的被稱為“超級味覺者”的一員。A.introduced介紹；B.revealed表明、透露；C.adjusted調整、適應；D.allowed允許。根據空后“herselftobeoneofthe25percentofthepopulationknownassuper-tasters”可知，通過這個行為，她表明了自己是一個超級味覺者。故選B?！?3題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：食品與營養專家AndrewCostanzo說：“你的味覺類型是由你對這種苦味的感知程度決定的。超級味覺者覺得這種苦味令人討厭，普通味覺者對此并不介意，而25%的非味覺者則完全嘗不出這種苦味。”A.digest消化、理解；B.neglect忽視；C.perceive感知、理解；D.transform轉變、改造。根據下文“Super-tastersfindit_____,normaltastersdon’tminditandthe25percentofnon-tasterscan’ttasteitatall”可知，味覺類型是由你對這種苦味的感知程度決定的。故選C?！?4題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：食品與營養專家AndrewCostanzo說：“你的味覺類型是由你對這種苦味的感知程度決定的。超級味覺者覺得這種苦味令人討厭，普通味覺者對此并不介意，而25%的非味覺者則完全嘗不出這種苦味?！盇.fantastic極好的；B.appealing有吸引力的；C.nasty令人厭惡的；D.plain普通的、簡單的。根據上文“Byneedingtospititout”以及下文“normaltastersdon’tminditandthe25percentofnon-tasterscan’ttasteitatall”可推測，超級味覺者覺得這種苦味令人討厭，會吐掉。故選C?！?5題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：你屬于這三類人群中的哪一類，會影響你對食物的選擇，進而對健康產生連鎖反應。A.chain鏈條；B.side邊、側面；C.mirror鏡子；D.exposure暴露。根據下文“Onthenegativeside,theytendto_____certainvegetableswhicharehighinbittercompounds–butalsocontaincancer-fightingcompounds._____thiswasthoughttobewhysuper-tastershaveahigherriskofsomecancersthannon-tasters,“butitturnsoutthattheissueismorethanthat,”saysDrCostanzo.”可知，味覺類型會影響你選擇吃什么，進而對健康產生連鎖反應?？疾槎陶Z：chaineffect，意為“連鎖反應”，符合句意。故選A?！?6題詳析】考查動詞短語詞義辨析。句意：從消極的方面來看，他們往往會遠離某些含有高苦味化合物的蔬菜——但這些蔬菜也含有抗癌化合物。A.comeupwith提出、想出；B.getdownto開始做；C.runawayfrom逃離、遠離；D.givewayto讓步于。根據上文“Super-tasters,likeFavelle,tendtoavoidfoodsthattheyconsidertastebitter.”可知，超級味覺者傾向于避免吃他們認為苦的食物，所以他們會遠離某些含有高苦味化合物的蔬菜。故選C?！?7題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：最初，人們認為這就是為什么超級味覺者比非超級味覺者患某些癌癥的風險更高，“但事實證明，問題不止如此，”Costanzo說，“他們的飲食通常不太多樣化，可能是因為他們在嘗試新事物時更加謹慎?！盇.Originally起初；B.Essentially本質上、基本上；C.Inevitably不可避免地；D.Increasingly越來越多地、日益地。根據下文““butitturnsoutthattheissueismorethanthat,”saysDrCostanzo.”可推測，人們起初以為超級味覺者不吃苦的食物，所以患癌癥的風險更高。但是，事實并非如此。故選A?！?8題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：最初，人們認為這就是為什么超級味覺者比非超級味覺者患某些癌癥的風險更高，“但事實證明，問題不止如此，”Costanzo說，“他們的飲食通常不太多樣化，可能是因為他們在嘗試新事物時更加謹慎。”A.healthy健康的；B.damaging有害的；C.controversial有爭議的；D.diverse多樣化的、不同的。根據上文“Super-tasters,likeFavelle,tendtoavoidfoodsthattheyconsidertastebitter.”以及下文“becausetheyaremorecarefulabouttryingnewthings”可知，超級味覺者的飲食通常不太多樣化。故選D?！?9題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：這可能會因此降低他們的總體營養水平，減少他們接觸保護性化合物的機會。A.additional額外的、附加的；B.organic有機的、生物的；C.chemical化學的；D.protective保護性的。根據上文“Onthenegativeside,theytendto_____certainvegetableswhicharehighinbittercompounds–butalsocontaincancer-fightingcompounds.”可知，超級味覺者遠離的含有高苦味化合物的蔬菜含有抗癌化合物，而這減少了他們接觸保護性化合物的機會。故選D?！?0題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：超級味覺者還傾向于在食物中添加更多的鹽，因為鹽能掩蓋苦味，而這可能會導致一些負面的健康影響，比如血壓升高。A.replaces替代、取代；B.hides隱藏；C.strengthens加強；D.removes移除。根據上文“Super-tastersalsotendtoaddmoresalttotheirfood”以及常理可知，超級味覺者傾向于在食物中加更多鹽，因為鹽能掩蓋苦味。故選B?！?1題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：中等味覺者或普通味覺者往往具有更廣泛的味覺能力，因為他們既不排斥苦味食物，也不需要把食物浸泡在醬汁里來讓它變得美味。A.beaccustomedto習慣于……；B.bereluctantto不情愿做某事；C.befamiliarto對……而言是熟悉的；D.beopposedto反對……、排斥……。根據上文“Mediumornormaltasterstendtohaveabroaderabilitytotaste”可知，中等味覺者或普通味覺者往往具有更廣泛的味覺能力。由此可推測，他們并不排斥苦味食物。故選D。【32題詳析】考查形容詞和名詞詞義辨析。句意：他們的體重往往比超級味覺者要高，這可能是因為他們需要更多高脂肪、高糖的食物來滿足他們的味覺需求。A.emotional情感的；B.psychological心理的；C.survival生存；D.flavour味道。根據上文“Whilesuper-tastersavoidcertainfoods,non-tastershavetheoppositeissue.”以及常理可知，非味覺者的味覺不敏感，由此可推測，他們攝入高脂肪、高糖的食物是為了滿足他們的味覺需求。故選D?！?3題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：此外，他們味覺不那么敏感這一事實，也可能對免疫力產生不良影響。A.noticeable明顯的、顯著的；B.unpleasant不愉快的、不好的；C.insignificant不重要的；D.temporary暫時的、臨時的。根據下文“It’sdiscoveredthatnon-tastersweremorelikelythansuper-tasterstotestpositivetoCOVID.”可知，他們味覺不那么敏感這個事實可能對免疫力有不好的影響。故選B?！?4題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：而且，當他們感染時，癥狀也更嚴重。A.However然而；B.Therefore因此；C.Moreover此外；D.Instead反而。根據上文“It’sdiscoveredthatnon-tastersweremorelikelythansuper-tasterstotestpositivetoCOVID.”以及下文“theyhadworsesymptoms(癥狀)whentheydid.”可知，上文說非超級味覺者感染新冠病毒陽性的可能性更大，而空后則指出他們的癥狀更嚴重?！癿oreover”表遞進關系，符合語境。故選C?！?5題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：雖然我們無法改變自己的基因，但我們可以用一些方法“欺騙”我們的味蕾，讓我們能更自在地多吃一些我們應該吃的東西，少吃一些不應該吃的東西。A.trick欺騙；B.convert轉換；C.reverse顛倒、反轉；D.perfect使完美。根據上文“Whilewecan’tchangeourgenes”可知，我們無法改變自己的基因；再根據下文“thatmakeusfeelmorecomfortableeatingmoreofthethingsweshouldandlessofthoseweshouldn’t.”可知，我們可以用一些方法欺騙我們的味蕾，讓我們更舒服地吃更多應該吃的東西，少吃不應該吃的東西。故選A。SectionB(22分)Directions:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.(A)Whenyou’redrivingaroundthesameblock,keepingsearching,becausethere’snowheretoparkyourcar,anysuggestionthatAmericadevotestoomuchspacetoparkingmightseemfoolish.Butconsiderthis:inatypicalyear,thecountrybuildsmorethree-cargaragesthanone-bedroomapartments.Eventhecrowdedcitiesreservelotsofstreetspacetostoreprivatevehicles.Andlocallawsacrossthecountryrequirehouseandapartmentbuilderstoprovideoff-streetparking,whetherresidentsneedit.Stepbacktoassesstheresult:it’sobviousthatmoresquarefootageisdevotedtoparkingeachcarthantohousingeachperson.ThatAmericanslikedrivingishardlynews,butalltheabovetalkingisn’tfindingfaultwithcars.Thecomplaintisaboutparking—or,moretothepoint,abouteverythingwehavegivenupforit.Overtheyears,citiesandtownshavetorndowngrandoldstructurestomakewayforit.Allthose9-foot-by-18-footrectanglesofasphalt(柏油路)haven’tonlydamagedtheenvironmentortheseonce-valuedarchitecturalstyles,butalsoupsetthecrucialsocialgoalofhousingaffordability.Thismisplacedpriorityhasputthecountryinabind.Fordecades,evenasrentsrocketedandclimatechangeworsened,theprevalence(盛行)ofparkingspacesdiscouragedanyonefromnoticingtheirsocialimpact.Buttheparkingspacehasbeeneatingupourlivingspaceforsure,withorwithoutourknowledge.Hereanoptimistmaygivetheexcusethatsomeofthecountry’slargestcitieshavenochoicebuttorenegotiatetherelationshipamongpeople,cars,andparkingspaces.However,parkingspace’sconqueringthecityinthe20thcenturywasalreadysocompletethat,inthe21st,peopleneedtorecognizethattheruleshavetochange,andthattheconstantpromotionofparkingspacesisalreadyweakeningcitiesandcrowdingoutotherneeds.Someofthemostconsequentialsocialproblemsaretheoneshidinginplainsight,butparkingisn’tevenhiding.It’sjusteverywhere—forustotakeseriously.36.Inwhichsectioncanwemostprobablyreadthispassage?A.Travel. B.Features.C.Frontpage. D.Publicwelfare.37.Theunderlinedphraseinparagraph2isclosestinmeaningto_______.A.leadthecountrytotroubleB.discourageresidentsfrombuyingcarsC.annoythelocalresidentsD.weakenthecountry’soverallstrength38.Whatcanweimplyaboutparkingspace’sroleinthe20thcenturycities?A.Itfailedtomeetthegrowingparkingdemands.B.Itcompletelydominatedurbanplanningpriorities.C.Itwasanecessaryrenegotiationbythecitygovernment.D.Itunexpectedlybroughtaboutproblemstopeople’sdailylife.39.Whatcanbeconcludedfromthepassage?A.Americashouldcontinueexpandingparkingthoughitisharmful.B.Citiesinthe21stcenturyshouldabsolutelystopbuildingmoregarages.C.Excessiveparkingspaceisdamagingthesocietysoitshouldbelimited.D.Housingandotherproblemsarenotasurgentasinsufficientparkingspace.【答案】36.D37.A38.B39.C【語篇解讀】本文是一篇議論文。文章指出美國為停車分配了過多空間，這不僅破壞環境和建筑風格，還影響住房可負擔性，呼吁改變規則，限制停車位。【36題詳析】推理判斷題。通讀全文，結合第二段中“Thecomplaintisaboutparking—or,moretothepoint,abouteverythingwehavegivenupforit.Allthose9footby18footrectanglesofasphalthaven’tonlydamagedtheenvironmentortheseoncevaluedarchitecturalstyles,butalsoupsetthecrucialsocialgoalofhousingaffordability.(人們所抱怨的是停車問題——更確切地說，是我們為停車所放棄的一切。所有那些9英尺乘18英尺的柏油路面停車位，不僅破壞了環境和那些曾經備受珍視的建筑風格，還擾亂了住房可負擔性這一至關重要的社會目標)”可推知，文章討論了美國停車空間過多帶來的一系列社會問題，如破壞環境、影響住房等，這與公共福利相關，所以文章最有可能出現在公共福利板塊。故選D項。【37題詳析】詞句猜測題。根據第二段中“Allthose9footby18footrectanglesofasphalthaven’tonlydamagedtheenvironmentortheseoncevaluedarchitecturalstyles,butalsoupsetthecrucialsocialgoalofhousingaffordability.Thismisplacedpriorityhasputthecountryinabind.(所有那些9英尺乘18英尺的柏油路面停車位，不僅破壞了環境和那些曾經備受珍視的建筑風格，還擾亂了住房可負擔性這一至關重要的社會目標。這種錯誤的優先事項putthecountryinabind)”的“damaged”、“upset”和“misplacedpriority”可推知，過多的停車位帶來了諸多問題，使國家陷入麻煩。所以“putthecountryinabind”意思是“讓國家陷入麻煩”，與“leadthecountrytotrouble”同義。故選A項?！?8題詳析】推理判斷題。根據最后一段中“However,parkingspace’sconqueringthecityinthe20thcenturywasalreadysocompletethat,inthe21st,peopleneedtorecognizethattheruleshavetochange,andthattheconstantpromotionofparkingspacesisalreadyweakeningcitiesandcrowdingoutotherneeds.(然而，停車位在20世紀對城市的“占領”已然如此徹底，以至于到了21世紀，人們需要認識到相關規則必須改變，而且持續增加停車位的做法已經在削弱城市的發展，還排擠了其他方面的需求)”可推知，在20世紀，停車位完全主導了城市規劃的優先事項。故選B項?！?9題詳析】推理判斷題。根據第二段中“Thecomplaintisaboutparking—or,moretothepoint,abouteverythingwehavegivenupforit.Allthose9footby18footrectanglesofasphalthaven’tonlydamagedtheenvironmentortheseoncevaluedarchitecturalstyles,butalsoupsetthecrucialsocialgoalofhousingaffordability.(人們所抱怨的是停車問題——更確切地說，是我們為停車所放棄的一切。所有那些9英尺乘18英尺的柏油路面停車位，不僅破壞了環境和那些曾經備受珍視的建筑風格，還擾亂了住房可負擔性這一至關重要的社會目標)”和最后一段“However,parkingspace’sconqueringthecityinthe20thcenturywasalreadysocompletethat,inthe21st,peopleneedtorecognizethattheruleshavetochange,andthattheconstantpromotionofparkingspacesisalreadyweakeningcitiesandcrowdingoutotherneeds.Someofthemostconsequentialsocialproblemsaretheoneshidinginplainsight,butparkingisn’tevenhiding.It’sjusteverywhere—forustotakeseriously.(然而，停車位在20世紀對城市的“占領”已然如此徹底，以至于到了21世紀，人們需要認識到相關規則必須改變，而且持續增加停車位的做法已經在削弱城市的發展，還排擠了其他方面的需求。一些最重要的社會問題隱藏在人們的視線中，但停車甚至沒有隱藏。它無處不在，值得我們認真對待)”可推知，過多的停車位正在損害社會，應該加以限制。故選C項。(B)SteppingStonesisanonprofitofferingavarietyofwaystosupportlife-changingservicesforchildren,teenagersandadultswithdisabilities.Since1963,SteppingStoneshashelpedpeoplewithdisabilitiesinOhiofindpathstoindependencethatimprovetheirlivesandenablethemtomorefullyparticipateintheircommunities.Today,SteppingStonesoffersavarietyofyear-roundprogramsandservesmorethan1,100childrenandadultswithdisabilitiesatfourprogramlocations.

WanttoSupportSteppingStones?BrowseopportunitiestosupportSteppingStones’programsbelow.AnnualFundTheAnnualGivingFundisestablishedtohelpSteppingStonesmeettheincreasingandchangingneedsoftheextraordinarypeopleweserve.SteppingStonesdependsonfundraisinggrantsandgiftstotheAnnualGivingFundtobalancethebudget.TheAnnualGivingFunddonationsareusedforavarietyofimportantprogramslikeCampershipstoSummerCamp,AdultDayServicesetc.EndowmentsTheEndowmentFundisestablishedforrestrictedgiftsforthelong-termsupportoftheobjectivesandmissionofSteppingStones.TheFundisaseparatefundofcash,securitiesandotherassets(資產)thatareheldasrestrictedfundswithinthegeneralassetsofSteppingStones.Endowmentgiftsareoftenintheformofcashorsecuritiesbutalsomayincludegiftsofrealestate,appreciatedpropertyandplannedgivingoptions.Endowmentgiftscanbepaidoveraperiodofyearsandmaybedesignated(指定)forspecificnamedfundsandscholarships.Gifts-in-KindDoyouhaveaproduct,serviceorotheritemthatcouldbenefitSteppingStones?YoumaydonateitasaGift-in-Kind.Non-cashgiftscanincludedesignorprintingservices,advertisingspace,food,beverages,books,eventauctionitems,officeequipmentorotheritems.MatchingGiftsAgreatwaytoincreaseyourdonationtoSteppingStonesisthroughyouremployer.Manycompaniesofferamatchinggiftprogramtotheiremployees,directors,employees’husbandsorwivesasanaddedbenefit.Withtheseprograms,acompanywillmatchanemployee’sgifttocharitableandeducationalorganizations.ContactyourHumanResourcesofficetoseeifyourcompanyhasamatchinggiftsprogramthatcanbeusedtomatchyourcontributiontoSteppingStones.40.Whatcanwelearnabout“endowmentgifts”toSteppingStones?A.Theyareusedimmediately.B.Theyshouldbeintheformofcash.C.Theycanbereservedforaparticularpurpose.D.Theyaremainlyusedfordailyoperationalexpenses.41.XiaoLiwantstodonatehisbonustoSteppingStones.Whichprogramwillmaximizehisdonation?A.Annualfund. B.MatchingGifts.C.Endowments. D.Gifts-in-kind.42.Whatisthemainpurposeofthispassage?A.TointroducethehistoryofSteppingStones.B.ToshowtheimportanceofSteppingStones.C.TopresentvariouswaystosupportSteppingStones.D.TodescribetheprogramsofferedbySteppingStones.【答案】40.C41.B42.C【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了非營利組織SteppingStones的使命、服務內容以及支持該組織的方式，包括年度基金、捐贈基金、實物捐贈和配對捐贈等?！?0題詳析】推理判斷題。根據文章表格Endowments部分中的“TheEndowmentFundisestablishedforrestrictedgiftsforthelong-termsupportoftheobjectivesandmissionofSteppingStones.(捐贈基金是為了接受限定用途的捐贈而設立的，用于對“墊腳石”的目標和使命進行長期支持)”以及“Endowmentgiftscanbepaidoveraperiodofyearsandmaybedesignated(指定)forspecificnamedfundsandscholarships.(捐贈基金的款項可以在數年時間內分期支付，并且可以指定用于特定的命名基金和獎學金項目)”可知，捐贈基金可以指定用于特定的命名基金和獎學金，即可以為特定目的預留。故選C。【41題詳析】推理判斷題。根據文章表格MatchingGifts部分中的“AgreatwaytoincreaseyourdonationtoSteppingStonesisthroughyouremployer.Manycompaniesofferamatchinggiftprogramtotheiremployees,directors,employees’husbandsorwivesasanaddedbenefit.Withtheseprograms,acompanywillmatchanemployee’sgifttocharitableandeducationalorganizations.(增加你對“墊腳石”捐贈金額的一個好辦法是通過你的雇主來實現。許多公司為其員工、董事、員工的配偶提供配對捐贈項目，作為一項額外福利。通過這些項目，公司會對員工向慈善和教育機構的捐贈進行等額匹配)”可知，通過雇主的配對捐贈項目，公司會對員工向慈善和教育機構的捐贈進行等額匹配，所以小李通過這個項目捐贈獎金，公司會匹配相同金額，能使他的捐贈最大化。故選B。【42題詳析】推理判斷題。文章開篇“SteppingStonesisanonprofitofferingavarietyofwaystosupportlife-changingservicesforchildren,teenagersandadultswithdisabilities.(“墊腳石”是一家非營利組織，它提供多種方式來支持為殘障兒童、青少年和成年人提供的改變人生的服務項目)”介紹了“SteppingStones”是一個非營利組織，接著簡述了其自1963年以來的發展情況和服務內容。然后以“WanttoSupportSteppingStones?”引出下文，詳細介紹了支持“SteppingStones”的多種方式，包括年度基金、捐贈基金、實物捐贈和配對捐贈。也就是說，文章的主體部分就是在介紹不同的支持方式。故選C。(C)Intoday’sdigitalage,itischallengingtogoaboutdailylifewithouthearingthetermartificialintelligence(AI)mentioned.AIentersconversationsinalmosteveryindustry.ThisAIrevolution(革命)reliesonincreasingdatacentercapacity,thephysicallocationsequippedwiththecomputingserversneededtopowerthistechnology.Withsuchexpensiveandtemperature-sensitivetechnologyunderoneroof,thesefacilitiesrequirebuildingproductswithreliableinsulatingpropertiesthatcaneffectivelyhousetheseinnovativesystemstokeepthemrunningsmoothly.Reliabilityiswhereinsulatedmetalpanels(IMPs)entertheconversation.IMPshaveproveneffectivebuildingmaterialsfordatacentersnationwide.Datacentersrequirealotofenergytofunction.Onaverage,aChatGPTquestionneeds10time