高級(jí)中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1山東省聊城市2025屆高三下學(xué)期二模英語(yǔ)試題第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.答案是C。1.Whatdoesthemanoffertodoforthewoman?A.Giveheraride. B.Callroadsideassistance. C.Changeaflattire.【答案】A【原文】M:Idon’tknowhowtochangeaflattire,either.Whynotjustcalltheroadsideassistanceandleaveyourcarforthem?Icandriveyoutoanyplaceyouwant.W:Oh,that’dbegreat.Thanks.2.Whatisthemandoingnow?A.Readingastory. B.Doingthewashing. C.Cookingameal.【答案】B【原文】W:Dad!Dad!Comehereandreadmethestory!M:NotuntilIfinishwashingtheclothes,Lucy.W:Andwhencanwehavesupper?Iwanttoeat,likenow!M:Geez!HowIwishyourmomwerenotonabusinesstrip!3.Howmuchshouldthewomanpay?A.$5. B.$7. C.$8.【答案】C【原文】W:Wow,thebananapielooksinviting.Howmuchisit?M:5dollars,Miss,butifyoutaketwo,wecangiveyoua20%discount.W:Sure.Let’smakeittwothen.4.Whydoesthewomanmakethecall?A.Tochangethemeetingtime.B.Tomakeanappointment.C.Toconfirmanappointment.【答案】C【原文】W:Hello,thisisPennyBlack.MayIspeaktoDr.Gates?M:He’shavingameetingnow.Wouldyoumindleavingamessage?W:Well,I’mcallingtoseeifmyappointmentwithDr.Gatesisat4tomorrowafternoon.5.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Whentohavesupper.B.Howtoloseweight.C.Whatfilmstosee.【答案】B【原文】M:Youalwayslooksoslim.What’syourtrick?YouknoweverytimeItrytokeepadiet,Iendupinfailure.W:Well,Iliketowatchhorrorfilmswhilehavingsupper.ThenIjustlosemyappetite.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題。6.Howdidthemanhurthisfoot?A.Someonesteppedonit.B.Arockdroppedonit.C.Afootballhitit.7.Whereisthemanprobablynow?A.Bytheroadside. B.Inthewoman’scar. C.Inthehospital.【答案】6.A7.B【原文】W:So,Sheldon,areyougoingtotellmewhyyousatbytheroadsidejustnow?M:Well,IsattherebecausemyfoothurtsomuchthatIcouldn’twalk.W:Howexactlydidyouhurtit?M:Iwasplayingfootballandanotherplayersteppedonmybigtoe.Honestly,it’sjustlikearockdroppedonmyfoot.Andit’sallredandswollennow.W:Thatsoundsterrible.Allright,holdontight.I’mgoingtospeedup.M:Okay.Thankyouforgivingmearidetothehospital,Amy.聽下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題。8.WhatisAnna’schemistrygradethistime?A.B B.Bplus. C.D.9.WhatdothestudygroupmembersdoaccordingtoAnna?A.Checkhomework. B.Dochemistryexercises. C.Discusshardproblems.10.HowdoesAnnasound?A.Confident. B.Nervous. C.Confused.【答案】8.B9.C10.A【原文】M:Greatjobonyourchemistrytest,Anna!ThisisyoursecondBinarow!W:“Bplus”actually.Sothereisasmallimprovement,Dad.M:Sowhathaveyoubeendoing?Youusedtobea“D”studentbefore.W:I’vejoinedastudygroup.Ifinditmorehelpfultodiscussdifficultstuffwithgroupmembersthantowriteexercisesalone.M:Greatidea.Howdidyoufindthestudygroup?W:Isawanoticeonthemessageboardatlunchoneday.Idecidedtocheckitout,andnowwemeetonceaweekafterourlastclassoftheday.M:Goodforyou.Soyou’renotworriedaboutyourchemistrytestsanymore?W:Notatall.Iammorepreparedthanever.聽下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題。11.Whatdoesthewomanworryabout?A.AninterviewinEnglish. B.AnoralEnglishcontest. C.AnEnglishspeech.12.Whatdoesthemansuggestthewomando?A.UseasmanyEnglishwordsaspossible.B.Rememberheranswersinadvance.C.Benaturalwhenshespeaks.13.Whatdoesthewomanthinkoftheman’ssuggestions?A.Confusing. B.Valuable. C.Creative.【答案】11.A12.C13.B【原文】W:I’mthinkingofapplyingforajobwithamultinationalcompany,butI’mworriedabouthavinganinterviewinEnglish.Canyougivemeanygoodtips,Sam?M:Iguessthefirstthingistotrytomakeagoodimpression.W:Allthepeoplesaythat!ButIjustdon’tknowwhattodo!M:Youshouldlearnsomethingaboutthecompanybeforetheinterview.Findoutwhattheirbusinessconceptis,predictpossiblequestions,andthinkabouthowyouwillanswer.W:ShouldImemorizemyanswerbeforehand?M:No!Youshouldbenaturalwhenyouspeak.W:ButwhatshouldIdoifIcan’trememberanEnglishwordwhenansweringaquestion?M:Inthatcase,youcanuseotherwordstoexplainwhatyouwanttosay.W:That’sveryhelpful,Sam.聽下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題。14.Whatmadethewomandeterminetobealawyer?A.Thefameshewouldget.B.Thewilltohelpothers.C.Thesupportfromherhusband.15.Whoistheman?A.Abiographer. B.Aradiohost. C.ATVhost.16.Whatdoesthewomanthinkthosewhowanttobealawyershouldknowfirst?A.Theworkpressure. B.Theskillsoftalking. C.Howtochoosecases.【答案】14.B15.C16.A【原文】M:SoMs.Lawrence,apparentlyyourjobhasbroughtyougreatfameandlotsofmoney,hasn’tit?W:Yeah,butthethingthatmademedecidetobealawyerwasthatIwantedtohelpthosewhowereintrouble.M:Noblemotive.Yourhusbandmusthavegivenyoulotsofsupportsincehe’salsoasuccessfullawyer.W:Actually,no.HealwayscomplainsthatIhaven’tspentenoughtimewithourkids,andheevenwantsmetoquitmyjobandbeahousewife.M:Toughtobalanceworkandfamily,isn’tit?Anyway,doyouhaveanyadviceforouryoungaudienceinfrontoftheirtelevisionswhoalsowanttobecomealawyersomeday?Likehowtheyshouldtalkinacourtorhowtochoosetheircases?W:Well,thoseskillscanwait,butIhavetoremindthosewhowanttobealawyerthatyou’regoingtobevery,verybusyinyourfirstfewyears.It’llbeacommonthingforyoutoworkovertimetillmidnight.聽下面一段獨(dú)白，回答以下小題。17.Whydoesthemangivethepresentation?A.Toshowhisgratitudetohisteacher.B.Tofulfillhislearningtask.C.Toprovehisrichknowledge.18.WhendidcoffeestartbeingusedasadrinkintheMiddleEast?A.Intheearly1500s. B.Inthemid-1500s. C.Inthelate1500s.19.WhydidtherulerofConstantinopledestroythecoffeehouses?A.Hebelievedcoffeewasunhealthy.B.Hethoughthisprofitswerestolen.C.Hewantedtocontrolpeople’sminds.20.Whatisthespeakerprobablygoingtotalkaboutnext?A.WhycoffeeiswelcomeinEurope.B.WhencoffeebegantospreadinEurope.C.HowcoffeebecameaffordableinEurope.【答案】17.B18.A19.C20.C【原文】M:Inmypresentationtoday,Iwanttosharewithyouthehistoryofcoffee.Beforethat,I’dliketogivemythankstoProfessorLee—inordertodohisassignment,Italkedwithmanypeoplewhoareinthecoffeebusinessandthereforegotalotoffreecoffee.Alright,enoughjoking.ThereisevidencethatcoffeewasoriginallygatheredfrombushesgrowingwildinthenortheastofAfrica.Inthebeginningofthesixteenthcentury,itwasbeingboughtbytradersandpeopleintheMiddleEaststartedtouseitasadrink.Also,thephysiciansintheTurkishcityofConstantinoplebelievedcoffeewashealthyandapproveditsuseasamedicine.Atthetime,insteadofdrinkingcoffeeathome,peoplewenttocoffeehousestodrinkit.Thesepeople,usuallymen,wouldmeettodrinkcoffeeandchataboutissuesoftheday.In1623,thethenrulerofConstantinoplethoughtitwasdangerousforpeopletoshareideasandopinions,sohedemandedthedestructionofallthecoffeehousesinthecity.Afterhisdeath,however,manynewonesopened,andcoffeeconsumptioncontinued.Intheseventeenthcentury,coffeedrinkingspreadtoEurope.Atfirst,itwasforrichpeopleonly,forcoffeepriceswereratherhigh.Sohowdidcoffee,athenluxuryitem,becomesomethingthatcommonpeoplecoulddrinkdaily?Well...第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。A18thANNUALDRIVINGTHEMESSAGECONTESTThisyear’scontestcontinuesthenewthemeofvariouscategories,givingyoumoreopportunitiestoshowyourcreativetalents.Eachcategoryhasaspecificriskfocus,sopickone(ortwoorthree)andshowuswhatyou’vegot!DETAILSCategory1:SeatBeltSafetyPostersFocusonissueslike:◆Everyoneputsontheirseatbeltontrips.◆Howtowearseatbeltscorrectly.Category2:SpeedingPreventionPostersFocusonissueslike:◆Waystoavoidspeeding.◆Howspeedingcanleadtocrashes.Category3:SharetheRoadVideosCompletea60-120-secondvideostressinghowtobearesponsibledriverandsharetheroadwithotherroadusers.RULES·Entriesmustbetime-stampednolaterthan11:59PMMay14,2025.·Entryisopentohighschoolstudents,andtheprizemoneyispayabletotheschool.·Posterscanbeanysize,upto11-by-17inches,andvideoscanbe60-120secondslong.·Judgingisbasedoncreativityandsignificance,andentriesincludinganycopyrightedmaterialwillbedisqualified.·Postersmustbehandedinelectronically,inPDForJPGformat;forvideos,AVI,MP4,andsimilarformatsareallaccepted.HOWTOSUBMITStep1EntryForm:CompletetheENTRYFORM.Step2ReleaseForm:EachstudentmustsubmitaDrivingtheMessagereleaseform,whichwillallowustoobtaintherighttouseyourmediacontent.Ifyouareunder18yearsofage,pleasesendthispageURLtoyourparentorguardiantocomplete:/releaseform/.Step3SubmitYourEntry:Nameyourfileinthisformat—TitleOfEntry_LastName_FirstInitial—anduploadyourentrytotheDTMEntriesFolder.21.Whatisthecontestprobablycommittedtodoing?A.Promotingroadsafety. B.Findingskillfuldrivers.C.Identifyingillegaldriving. D.Sharingtravelexperiences.22.Whichofthefollowingwillberecognizedasaqualifiedentry?A.ApostinGIFformat. B.Ahand-drawnposter.C.Aposterbeyond17inches. D.Aone-minuteoriginalvideo.23.Whatisamustforasuccessfulsubmission?A.Thedescriptionofyourwork. B.Permissiontouseyourcontent.C.Yourparents’agreementonentry. D.Informationaboutyourschool.【答案】21.A22.D23.B【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了第十八屆年度駕駛訊息比賽的一些情況。【21題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)表格中“◆Everyoneputsontheirseatbeltontrips.◆Howtowearseatbeltscorrectly.(每個(gè)人在旅行時(shí)都系上安全帶。如何正確系安全帶)”；“◆Waystoavoidspeeding.◆Howspeedingcanleadtocrashes.(避免超速的方法。超速如何導(dǎo)致車禍)”以及“Completea60-120-secondvideostressinghowtobearesponsibledriverandsharetheroadwithotherroadusers.(完成一段60-120秒的視頻，強(qiáng)調(diào)如何成為一名負(fù)責(zé)任的司機(jī)，并與其他道路使用者分享道路)”可知，比賽可能致力于促進(jìn)道路安全。故選A。【22題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)RULES部分“·Posterscanbeanysize,upto11-by-17inches,andvideoscanbe60-120secondslong.(·海報(bào)可以是任何尺寸，最大11×17英寸，視頻長(zhǎng)度可以是60-120秒)”以及“·Judgingisbasedoncreativityandsignificance,andentriesincludinganycopyrightedmaterialwillbedisqualified.(·評(píng)判以創(chuàng)意和重要性為基礎(chǔ)，包括版權(quán)材料在內(nèi)的參賽作品將被取消資格)”可知，一分鐘的原創(chuàng)視頻將被認(rèn)為是合格的參賽作品。故選D。【23題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)HOWTOSUBMIT部分“EachstudentmustsubmitaDrivingtheMessagereleaseform,whichwillallowustoobtaintherighttouseyourmediacontent.(每個(gè)學(xué)生必須提交一份驅(qū)動(dòng)信息發(fā)布表格，這將使我們能夠獲得使用您的媒體內(nèi)容的權(quán)利)”可知，成功提交的必備條件是允許使用你的內(nèi)容。故選B。BOnewetNovembereveninginthelate1960s,amarriedcouplenamedMauriceandMaralynBailey—heahot-metaltypesetter,sheataxofficer—hitontheideaofescapingtheirdull,suburbanlivesbysailingtoNewZealand.WiththeproceedsfromthesaleoftheirDerbybungalow,theyboughta31-footBermudaboat,whichtheynamedAuralyn(acombinationoftheirnames).TheyfinallysetsailacrosstheAtlanticinJune1972—havingdecidedagainstbuyingaradiotransmitter(信號(hào)發(fā)射機(jī)),asMauricewantedtosail“byhiswitsandthestars”.Allwentwellforthefirstninemonths,butthenonemorning,300mileseastoftheGalápagos,a40-footwhaleroseupundertheirboat,andcrackedaholeinitshull.AsSophieElmhirstrelatesinher“superb”debut,MauriceandMaralyn,thecouplegrabbedafewessentialsandclimbedontoaninflatableraft(充氣筏)fromwhichtheywatchedAuralynbeing“silentlyswallowed”.Onthisinadequatevessel—toosmallforeitherofthemtoliedownin—theywouldspendthenext117days.AttheheartofMauriceandMaralynisan“astonishing”taleofendurance.Oncethecouple’sfoodranout,theysurvivedintheraftbyeatingrawseaturtlesandsmallsharks,caughtwithafishingrodmadefromsafetypinsandcord.Dysentery(痢疾),dehydrationandnear-starvationfollowed.WhileMaurice,a“glass-half-emptytypeofman”,quietlyresignedhimselftodying,Maralynremainedoptimistic,whichsparkedMaurice’swilltolive.ThecouplewereeventuallypickedupbyaSouthKoreanshippassingby.Alongwithits“man-versus-the-elementssurvivalaspect”,Elmhirst’sbookis“alsoalovestory”,saidFrancescaAngeliniinTheSundayTimes.Shetracesthecouple’smarriage—bothhowitledthemintotheirPacificadventure,andhowitwaschangedbywhattheywentthrough.It’saremarkablestorythathadbeenallbutforgotten.24.What’sthemeaningoftheunderlinedword“proceeds”inparagraph1?A.Purchases. B.Expenses.C.Gains. D.Contracts.25.Whatdoweknowaboutthecouple’ssail?A.Theyusedaradiotransmitterforthefirstninemonths.B.Theyabandonedtheraftdamagedbyawhale.C.Starvationfollowedwhentheboatsank.D.Survivalskillscontributedtotheirsurvival.26.WhatwasMauricelikeaccordingtoparagraph3?A.Pessimistic. B.Ambitious.C.Modest. D.Unconfident.27.Whatkindofwritingisthetext?A.Anewsreport. B.Abookreview.C.Ajournal. D.Abiography.【答案】24.C25.D26.A27.B【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇議論文。文章主要評(píng)論了有關(guān)莫里斯和瑪麗蓮?貝利夫婦航海遇險(xiǎn)及靠生存技能求生和其婚姻的故事的一本書。【24題詳析】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第一段中“WiththeproceedsfromthesaleoftheirDerbybungalow,theyboughta31-footBermudaboat,whichtheynamedAuralyn(acombinationoftheirnames).(用他們賣掉在德比郡的小平房的proceeds，買了一艘31英尺長(zhǎng)的百慕大帆船，并將其命名為“奧拉琳”（取自他們兩人名字的組合）。)”可知，此處proceeds指的是賣房的收入，即“收益”，與Gains“收益”意思相符。故選C。【25題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中“Oncethecouple’sfoodranout,theysurvivedintheraftbyeatingrawseaturtlesandsmallsharks,caughtwithafishingrodmadefromsafetypinsandcord.(一旦這對(duì)夫婦的食物耗盡，他們就在筏子上靠吃用安全別針和繩子做成的魚竿捕獲的生海龜和小鯊魚存活下來。)”可知，他們運(yùn)用自己制作魚竿捕魚等生存技能得以存活下來，說明生存技能有助于他們的生存。故選D。【26題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中“WhileMaurice,a“glass-half-emptytypeofman”,quietlyresignedhimselftodying,Maralynremainedoptimistic,whichsparkedMaurice’swilltolive.(而莫里斯，一個(gè)“看事情總往壞處想的人”，默默地聽天由命，準(zhǔn)備迎接死亡，而瑪麗蓮卻始終保持樂觀，這也激發(fā)了莫里斯活下去的意志。)”可知，莫里斯是個(gè)悲觀的人。故選A。【27題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Alongwithits“man-versus-the-elementssurvivalaspect”,Elmhirst’sbookis“alsoalovestory”,saidFrancescaAngeliniinTheSundayTimes.(弗朗西絲卡?安杰利尼在《星期日泰晤士報(bào)》上稱，除了其“人類與自然環(huán)境抗?fàn)幍纳嬖亍敝猓柲泛账固氐倪@本書“也是一個(gè)愛情故事”。)”可知，本文是對(duì)埃爾姆赫斯特所寫關(guān)于莫里斯和瑪麗蓮?貝利夫婦海上遇險(xiǎn)求生經(jīng)歷書籍的評(píng)論。故選B。CIfyouenjoygoofingaroundandannoyingyourlovedones,you’renotalone:Fourkindsofgreatapeshavebeenfoundtoengageinplayfulteasing.Greatapesareafamilyofprimates(靈長(zhǎng)目動(dòng)物)thatareverycloselyrelatedtohumans,sothisdiscoverycouldshedlightonhowasenseofhumorandplayfulnessemergedinpeople.Thenewstudyfocusedonchimpanzees,bonobos,westernandeasterngorillas,andSumatranorangutans.Theseapeswere“excellentcandidates”forthisstudybecausethey“engageinsocialplay,showlaughter,anddisplayrelativelysophisticatedunderstandingsofothers’expectations,”saidIsabelleLaumer,thestudy’sleadauthor.Theresearcherswatchedvideosof34apeslivinginzoos.Theylookedforexamplesofteasingbehavior,definedasanape(the“teaser”)tryingtoprovokearesponseinanotherspecificindividual(the“target”).In75hoursofvideo,theyfound142examplesofplayfulteasing.Allfourkindsofapesengagedinthebehavior.Examplesincludedpokinganotherape,pullingontheirhair,orwavinginthemiddleoftheirfieldofvision.Iftherewasnoresponsetotheaction,theteaserwouldkeeptryingtoprovokethetargetintoresponding.Theanimalstypicallyengagedinthebehaviorswhentheywerecalmandrelaxed,indicatingthattheiractionswerenotmeanttobeaggressive.Inmostcases,ajuvenileapewasteasinganolderadult,whichissimilartothewayhumanchildrenteaseothers.Discoveringteasingingreatapessuggeststhatthebasicfoundationsinthebrainforthisbehaviorfirstappearedinanancestorcommontohumansandthesegreatapesatleast13millionyearsago.Laumerhopesthisstudywillinspirefurtherresearchintoplayfulteasinginanimals,whichcouldleadtoabetterunderstandingofwherethisbehaviorcomesfrom.“Wealsohopethatthisstudyraisesawarenessofthesimilaritieswesharewithourclosestrelativesandtheimportanceofprotectingtheseendangeredanimals,”shesaid.28.Whywerethefourkindsofapeschosenasexcellentcandidates?A.Theyarebetterthanotherapes. B.Theyareveryintelligent.C.Theyhaveasenseofplayfulness. D.Theyarecloselyrelatedtohumans.29.Whatcanwelearnabouttheapesinthestudy?A.Youngapesalwaysteasedtheelders.B.Theirteasingmeantnoharmtoothers.C.Theteaserstoppedteasingifthetargetdidn’trespond.D.Theirbehaviorofteninvolvedunexpectedactions.30.HowdidLaumerprobablyfindthestudy?A.Helpful. B.Regretful. C.Fruitless. D.Ground-breaking.31.What’sasuitabletitleforthetext?A.ApesShareSimilarSocialBehaviorwithHumanChildren.B.ExploringApes’SenseofHumorHelpstheStudyofBrain.C.UnderstandingApes’TeasingAidsinTheirConservation.D.Apes’TeasingOffersInsightsintotheRootsofHumanPlayfulness.【答案】28.C29.B30.A31.D【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了一個(gè)關(guān)于猿類喜歡捉弄開玩笑的研究，其目的是為了揭示人類是如何產(chǎn)生幽默感和愛玩性的。【28題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Theseapeswere“excellentcandidates”forthisstudybecausethey“engageinsocialplay,showlaughter,anddisplayrelativelysophisticatedunderstandingsofothers’expectations,”saidIsabelleLaumer,thestudy’sleadauthor.(這項(xiàng)研究的主要作者伊莎貝爾·勞默說，這些猿類是這項(xiàng)研究的“優(yōu)秀候選者”，因?yàn)樗鼈儭皡⑴c社交游戲，會(huì)笑，對(duì)他人的期望表現(xiàn)出相對(duì)復(fù)雜的理解”)”可知，這四種猿類被選為優(yōu)秀的候選者是因?yàn)樗麄冇型骠[的感覺。故選C。【29題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Theanimalstypicallyengagedinthebehaviorswhentheywerecalmandrelaxed,indicatingthattheiractionswerenotmeanttobeaggressive.(這些動(dòng)物通常在平靜和放松的時(shí)候做出這些行為，這表明它們的行為并不是攻擊性的)”可知，猿類的戲弄對(duì)別人沒有傷害。故選B。【30題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段““Wealsohopethatthisstudyraisesawarenessofthesimilaritieswesharewithourclosestrelativesandtheimportanceofprotectingtheseendangeredanimals,”shesaid.(她說：“我們也希望這項(xiàng)研究能提高人們對(duì)人類與近親之間的相似性的認(rèn)識(shí)，以及保護(hù)這些瀕危動(dòng)物的重要性。”)”可知，勞默認(rèn)為這項(xiàng)研究是有幫助的。故選A。【31題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Ifyouenjoygoofingaroundandannoyingyourlovedones,you’renotalone:Fourkindsofgreatapeshavebeenfoundtoengageinplayfulteasing.Greatapesareafamilyofprimates(靈長(zhǎng)目動(dòng)物)thatareverycloselyrelatedtohumans,sothisdiscoverycouldshedlightonhowasenseofhumorandplayfulnessemergedinpeople.(如果你喜歡胡鬧和惹惱你愛的人，你不是一個(gè)人：有四種類人猿被發(fā)現(xiàn)喜歡開玩笑。類人猿是靈長(zhǎng)類動(dòng)物的一個(gè)家族，與人類的關(guān)系非常密切，因此這一發(fā)現(xiàn)可能會(huì)揭示人類是如何產(chǎn)生幽默感和愛玩性的)”結(jié)合文章主要介紹了一個(gè)關(guān)于猿類喜歡捉弄開玩笑的研究，其目的是為了揭示人類是如何產(chǎn)生幽默感和愛玩性的。可知，D選項(xiàng)“猿的戲弄提供了對(duì)人類愛玩的根源的洞察”最符合文章標(biāo)題。故選D。DAnewstudypublishedinScienceprovidesinsightsintohowplantsevolvedprickles(刺)somanytimes:Overandoveragain,eachspeciestookadvantageofasinglegene.ZacharyLippman,thestudy’smainauthor,gotcuriousaboutpricklesashestudiedagroupofcropsthatincludespotatoes,tomatoesandeggplants.Whilethecropsareallprickle-free,someoftheirwildrelativesarecoveredinthelittleprickles.“Earlyfarmersmusthaveeradicatedthepricklesfromthewildplantsastheystartedusingthemascrops,”Lippmansaid.ThelossofpricklesledLippmantowonderhowtheyhadevolvedinthefirstplace.It’slikelythatpricklesemergedinmanyplantsasadefenseagainstanimalsthatwouldconsumethem,butpricklescanserveotherpurposes,too.Forexample,somewildplantsusethemtoattachtheirseedsontopassinganimals.Tounderstandmoreaboutplantsandprickles,Lippmanandhisteamhybridized(雜交)onevarietyofdomesticatedeggplantwithitswild,pricklyrelative.Someofthehybridshadlotsofprickles,whileothershadnone.AfterrunningthesameexperimentontwootherkindsofeggplantsandcomparingtheirDNA,theteamfoundaspecifictypeofLOGgene,carriedonlybypricklyplants,wasresponsibleforpricklesinthewildplants.ItmightseemunbelievablethatgettingridofaLOGgenecouldtakeawayprickleswithoutharmingtheeggplantasawhole.ItturnsoutthatplantshaveevolvedmanycopiesofLOGgenesovermillionsofyears.OnecopyoftheLOGgeneevolvedinthewildancestorsofeggplantstomakeprickles,whiletheothertypeswentonwiththeiroriginaljobofhelpingtheplantsgrow.Thenewfindingscouldhelpscientiststransformwildplantsintodomesticatedcrops,Lippmansaid,HetestedthispossibilityonawildAustralianplant,whichisnormallyprickly,andafterhedeletedtheLOGgenefromitsDNA,itbecamefreeofprickles.32.WhatmadeLippmanstudypricklyplants?A.Allcropsareprickle-free.B.Hewascuriousaboutevolution.C.Wildrelativesofsomecropshaveprickles.D.Somewildpricklyplantsareusedascrops.33.WhatcanbeinferredfromthefindingsofLippman’steam?A.Pricklesarerelatedtoacertaingene.B.OnlypricklyplantscarryLOGgenes.C.Domesticationaffectsplants’growth,D.Plants’hybridizationincreasestheirsize.34.WhydoesremovingaLOGgenedonoharmtoeggplants?A.Theyhaveprotectivegenes.B.Theyhavegoodadaptation.C.LOGgenecopiesplayunimportantroles.D.LOGgenecopiesservevariedpurposes.35.Whatisthesignificanceofthenewdiscovery?A.Assistinginplants’survival.B.Helpingincreasecroptypes.C.Improvingcrops’production.D.Reducingharmfulinsectstocrops.【答案】32.C33.A34.D35.B【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了關(guān)于植物刺進(jìn)化原因的一項(xiàng)新研究及其發(fā)現(xiàn)和意義。【32題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“ZacharyLippman,thestudy’smainauthor,gotcuriousaboutpricklesashestudiedagroupofcropsthatincludespotatoes,tomatoesandeggplants.Whilethecropsareallprickle-free,someoftheirwildrelativesarecoveredinthelittleprickles.(該研究的主要作者扎卡里·利普曼在研究包括土豆、西紅柿和茄子在內(nèi)的一組作物時(shí)，對(duì)刺產(chǎn)生了興趣。雖然這些作物都沒有刺，但它們的一些野生近親植物卻布滿了小刺。)”可知，利普曼對(duì)一些作物的野生近親植物有刺感到好奇，從而開始研究帶刺植物。故選C。【33題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中“AfterrunningthesameexperimentontwootherkindsofeggplantsandcomparingtheirDNA,theteamfoundaspecifictypeofLOGgene,carriedonlybypricklyplants,wasresponsibleforpricklesinthewildplants.(在對(duì)另外兩種茄子進(jìn)行同樣的實(shí)驗(yàn)并比較它們的DNA后，研究小組發(fā)現(xiàn)了一種特殊的LOG基因，這種基因只存在于帶刺植物中，是野生植物長(zhǎng)刺的原因。)”可知，利普曼團(tuán)隊(duì)的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)刺與某種基因有關(guān)。故選A。【34題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中“ItturnsoutthatplantshaveevolvedmanycopiesofLOGgenesovermillionsofyears.OnecopyoftheLOGgeneevolvedinthewildancestorsofeggplantstomakeprickles,whiletheothertypeswentonwiththeiroriginaljobofhelpingtheplantsgrow.(事實(shí)證明，植物在數(shù)百萬年的進(jìn)化過程中產(chǎn)生了許多LOG基因的拷貝。茄子野生祖先體內(nèi)的一個(gè)LOG基因拷貝進(jìn)化出了刺，而其他類型的LOG基因拷貝則繼續(xù)發(fā)揮著幫助植物生長(zhǎng)的原始作用。)”可知，移除一個(gè)LOG基因?qū)η炎記]有傷害是因?yàn)長(zhǎng)OG基因拷貝具有不同的功能。故選D。【35題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Thenewfindingscouldhelpscientiststransformwildplantsintodomesticatedcrops,Lippmansaid,HetestedthispossibilityonawildAustralianplant,whichisnormallyprickly,andafterhedeletedtheLOGgenefromitsDNA,itbecamefreeofprickles.(利普曼說，這些新發(fā)現(xiàn)可能有助于科學(xué)家將野生植物轉(zhuǎn)化為栽培作物。他在一種通常有刺的澳大利亞野生植物上測(cè)試了這種可能性，當(dāng)他從它的DNA中刪除LOG基因后，它就不再有刺了。)”可知，新發(fā)現(xiàn)的意義在于有助于增加作物種類。故選B。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Intheageofconstantconnectivitythroughmusic,podcastsandcalls,earphoneshaveseemedtobecomeanecessity.___36___Thisarticlewillhelpyoureducetheriskofear-relatedissuesandensureacomfortablelisteningexperience.Choosetherighttypeofearphones.In-earheadphonesareapopularchoiceastheyfitperfectlyintotheearcanal(耳道),blockingoutoutsidenoiseandreducingtheneedtoincreasevolumelevels.___37___Besides,on-earorover-earheadphonescanbemorecomfortableforsomeindividualswhohavesensitiveearcanals.___38___Topreventearpainandpotentialhearingdamage,expertsrecommendstickingtothe60/60rule,whichsuggestslisteningat60%volumefornomorethan60minutesatatime.It’ssuggestedthatyoushouldusebuilt-infeaturesonyourdevicetotrackyourlisteningtime,whichcanbehelpfulinstickingtoasafelimit.Adjusttheearphonesproperly.Whenfittingtheearphones,adjusttheearphonepositionuntilyoufindacomfortableandsecurefitthatprovidesgoodsoundqualitywithoutcausingpain.Remembertoperiodicallycheckandreadjusttheearphonesasneeded,especiallyduringphysicalactivitiesorlonglisteningperiods.___39___Keepyourearsclean.Regularlycleaningyourearsisessentialwhenitcomestopain-freelisteningwithearphones.Thebuild-upofearwax(耳垢)cannotonlyaffectthesoundqualitybutalsoleadtodiscomfortandpotentialdamagetotheearcanalifleftunattended.Topreventthis,makesuretogentlycleanyourearswithcottonsticksregularly.___40___Thatwillpushwaxdeeperandpotentiallycausedamage.A.Limitlisteningtime.B.Takeregularlisteningbreaks.C.Cleanyourearphoneswithasoftclothregularly.D.Avoidputtingthestickstoodeepintotheearcanal.E.Findingtherightfitensuresapain-freeexperience.F.Thisdesignpreventstheearphonesdroppingoutaswell.G.Enjoyableastheyare,improperuseofearphonescancausediscomfort.【答案】36.G37.F38.A39.E40.D【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了使用耳機(jī)時(shí)避免耳部問題的一些方法。【36題詳析】上文“Intheageofconstantconnectivitythroughmusic,podcastsandcalls,earphoneshaveseemedtobecomeanecessity.(在通過音樂、播客和通話保持持續(xù)連接的時(shí)代，耳機(jī)似乎已成為一種必需品)”說明耳機(jī)在當(dāng)下很必要。空處和前文為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。下文“Thisarticlewillhelpyoureducetheriskofear-relatedissuesandensureacomfortablelisteningexperience.(本文將幫助你降低耳部相關(guān)問題的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，并確保舒適的聆聽體驗(yàn))”說明使用耳機(jī)存在問題。所以G項(xiàng)“盡管它們很令人愉悅，但不當(dāng)使用耳機(jī)會(huì)導(dǎo)致不適。”符合語(yǔ)境，起到承上啟下的作用，引出下文關(guān)于如何正確使用耳機(jī)的內(nèi)容。故選G。【37題詳析】上文“In-earheadphonesareapopularchoiceastheyfitperfectlyintotheearcanal(耳道),blockingoutoutsidenoiseandreducingtheneedtoincreasevolumelevels.(入耳式耳機(jī)是一個(gè)受歡迎的選擇，因?yàn)樗鼈兡芡昝赖刭N合耳道，阻擋外界噪音，并減少調(diào)高音量的需求)”說明入耳式耳機(jī)的優(yōu)點(diǎn)。空處和前文為并列關(guān)系，進(jìn)一步說明入耳式耳機(jī)的優(yōu)點(diǎn)。所以F項(xiàng)“這種設(shè)計(jì)也能防止耳機(jī)掉落。”符合語(yǔ)境，繼續(xù)闡述了入耳式耳機(jī)設(shè)計(jì)上的好處。故選F。【38題詳析】下文“Topreventearpainandpotentialhearingdamage,expertsrecommendstickingtothe60/60rule,whichsuggestslisteningat60%volumefornomorethan60minutesatatime.It’ssuggestedthatyoushouldusebuilt-infeaturesonyourdevicetotrackyourlisteningtime,whichcanbehelpfulinstickingtoasafelimit.(為了防止耳朵疼痛和潛在的聽力損傷，專家建議遵循“60/60原則”，即每次以60%的音量聽不超過60分鐘。建議你使用設(shè)備上的內(nèi)置功能來跟蹤你的聆聽時(shí)間，這有助于堅(jiān)持在安全的限度內(nèi))”說明要控制聆聽時(shí)間。所以A項(xiàng)“限制聆聽時(shí)間。”符合語(yǔ)境，作為小標(biāo)題概括了段落內(nèi)容。故選A。【39題詳析】上文“Whenfittingtheearphones,adjusttheearphonepositionuntilyoufindacomfortableandsecurefitthatprovidesgoodsoundqualitywithoutcausingpain.Remembertoperiodicallych