高級中學名校試卷PAGEPAGE1遼寧省重點中學協作校2024-2025學年高一下學期期中考試英語試題第一部分聽力（共兩節，滿分30分）第一節（共5小題，每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標在試卷的相應位置。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.Whatdoesthemanintendtodo?A.Makeaposter. B.Buyanewsuit. C.Haveayardsale.【答案】B【原文】W:Guesswhat?Ijustsawaposterthatsaysmen’ssuitsareonsaletodayandtomorrowatBloomingdale’s.M:Great!That’sjustwhatI’vebeenwaitingfor.2.Whatdoesthemanthinkofthemovie?A.Good. B.Confusing. C.Terrible.【答案】C【原文】W:Hi,David.Wheredidyougoyesterdayafternoon?Icalledyoubuttherewasnoanswer.M:Iwenttothecinemawithmyparents.W:Oh,yes,Irememberyoutoldmeyouwouldseethenewmovie.Isitasgoodasyouexpected?M:Totellyouthetruth,it’sreallyawasteoftimeandmoney.3.Whatarethespeakersgoingtodonext?A.Goshopping. B.Visitachurch. C.Seeanexhibition.【答案】A【原文】M:Whereshallwegonow?We’veseenthechurchandthemodernartexhibition.Idon’tknowwhatelseisworthvisitinghere.W:Howaboutthegiftshops?Weneedtobuysomesouvenirs.4.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inarestaurant. B.Inaclassroom. C.Atagallery.【答案】C【原文】W:Howdoyoulikethispainting,Mike?M:Itlookslikeakiddiditwithsomecoloredpencilsorsomething.W:Youreallyhavenotasteinart.Lookattheshapesandcolors.They’refantastic.Ittakestalenttodothiskindofpainting.5.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Motherandson. B.Classmates. C.Shopkeeperandcustomer.【答案】B【原文】M:Haveyoudecidedwhattowearforthegraduationceremony,Linda?W:Yes,I’mplanningtowearatraditionalHanfutocelebratethisdayinauniqueway.Whataboutyou?M:I’mgoingtowearasuittolooksmart.第二節（共15小題：每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對話或獨白，每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標在試卷的相應位置。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題。每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。6.Whatdoesthemansuggestdoing?A.Visitingasheeppark. B.Feedingsheeponafarm. C.Protectingtheenvironment.7.Whatarethesheepusedtodo?A.Plantseeds. B.Entertainvisitors. C.Dealwithunwantedplants.【答案】6.A7.C【原文】W:Whatshallwedothisweekend,William?M:Whydon’twegotothesheepparknearmyhouse?W:Asheeppark?Howinteresting!Aretherereallysheepinthepark?M:Yes.Theyaretheretoprotecttheenvironment.W:Howcantheyhelptheenvironment?M:Youknow,peopleusuallyusechemicalstokillunwantedplants.Thesheepintheparkeatthoseplants,sothechemicalsarenotneeded.W:Whatabrightidea!Ican’twaittovisitthepark!聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。8.Whatistheman’slatestsongabout?A.Bees. B.Oceans. C.Socks.9.Whatdoesthemaninvitethewomantodo?A.Recordanalbum. B.Joinhisband. C.Watchadocumentary.10.Whydoesthewomanturndowntheman’soffer?A.Sheisanemotionalperson.B.Sheisnotgoodatsinging.C.Shesingsinadifferentstyle.【答案】8.A9.B10.C【原文】M:Iwrotethissonglastnight.I’vebeenfeelingverycreativelately.W:It’sinteresting.I’veneverheardasongaboutbeesbefore.M:ItjustcameintomyheadnaturallywhenIwaswatchingadocumentaryaboutbeeslastnight.W:Youareabornsinger.Ibetyouhaveothersongs.M:Oh,yeah!Iwroteoneaboutthefouroceanstheotherday.AndIhaveothersaboutsocks,myfamilyandtonsofotherthings.I’mgoingtoputthemallonanalbum.W:Goodidea.M:MaybeIwillgetreallyfamousandgoontour!Wanttobeinmyband?W:Well,mystyleisreallydifferentfromyours.Yoursongsaresohappyandlight.M:Ihavesomeemotionalsongs,too.Wewouldmakeareallygoodteam,Ithink.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。11.Howdidthemanimprovehispublicspeakingskills?A.Bywatchingfreespeeches.B.Bytalkingtofamousleaders.C.Bytakingonlinecourses.12.WhatdoesthemanlikebestaboutKhanAcademy?A.Itdoesn’tcostanything.B.Itcoversmanysubjects.C.Itletshimmakehisownplan.13.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Someusefulapps. B.Anexcellentspeech. C.Somefamousartists.【答案】11.A12.C13.A【原文】W:John,Iheardyoumadeanicespeechatschool.Howdidyouimproveyourpublicspeakingskills?M:Oh,it’sthankstoTED.W:TheappofTED?M:Youareright,Alice.Thisfreeappisveryuseful.Ithascollectedmorethansevenhundredtalksfromtheworld’smostfamousthinkers,leaders,artists,etc.Icanwatchtalksbysubjectanddownloadthemtowatchoffline.There’sashortintroductionforeachtalk,soIcangetthemainideainadvance.W:Itseemsthatonlinelearningappsarereallygreat.M:Absolutely.Theyshowmeanewwayoflearning.W:Wow,Ithinkyoumustbefamiliarwithonlinestudytools.WhichappdoyouthinkisthebestforyourschoolworkbesidesTED?M:IoftenuseKhanAcademy.Thisappallowsmetolearnalmostanythingforfree.Itcoversmanysubjects.TherealmagicofKhanAcademyisthatitallowsmetocreatemyownlearningplan.W:That’sgreat!I’mgoingtodownloadthoseappsrightnow.Thanksforyoursharing.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。14.Whatwasthewoman’sfirstjob?A.Anactress. B.Ateacher. C.Anartist.15.Whendidthewomanstartputtingonshowsforchildren?A.Beforeshewenttocollege.B.Afterherdaughterturnedfive.C.Aftershetaughtchildrenartclasses.16.Whoperformedwiththewoman?A.Herhusband. B.Herneighbor. C.Herdaughter.17.Whatdidthewomanlearnfromherfirstfailure?A.Children’sinterestmatters.B.Neverwritestoriesaboutlions.C.Successcomesfromhardwork.【答案】14.C15.B16.B17.A【原文】M:Anna,tellushowyourshowsforchildrenstarted.Youusedtoillustratechildren’sbooksatcollege,didn’tyou?W:That’sright,butIstoppedpaintingwhenmydaughterwasborn.Iconsideredteachingartclassespart-time,butinstead,Idecidedtostartmakingtoyanimalsformydaughter.Iloveacting,soIoftencreatedlittleplaysforthetoyanimalsanddidthevoicesmyself.M:Andwhendidyoustartdoingshowsforotherpeople?W:Iwrotealittleshowandacteditoutatmydaughter’sfifthbirthdayparty.Itwaspopular.Soon,otherparentsinvitedmetoperformtheshowattheirchildren’sparties.That’showitbegan.M:Itmustbealotofworkforyou.W:Yes,Ineededsomeonetohelpme.Luckily,myneighborLindawaseagertoperformwithme.Herhusbandrecordsthemusictogowiththeshows.M:Haveyoueverencounteredanyproblems?W:Onlyonce.Iperformedashowforagroupofthree-year-olds,andI’dwrittenastoryaboutalion.Unfortunately,thechildrenwerequiteafraidofthelionandstartedcrying.ThatexperiencetaughtmethatIneedtofindoutinadvancewhatchildrenenjoy.M:Andtheshowscontinuetobesuccessful?W:Yes,theydo.Iloveeveryminuteofeveryshow,andotherpeoplelovethemtoo.聽下面一段獨白，回答以下小題。18.Whatcanaffectasuccessfulflight?A.Theairtemperature. B.Toomanyclouds. C.Winds.19.Whatdoesthemanadvisetouriststodo?A.Bookaflightearly. B.Wearapairofboots. C.Putonaheavycoat.20.Whenaretheflightsavailable?A.FromMarchtoOctober. B.FromOctobertoMarch. C.OnlyinMay.【答案】18.B19.B20.A【原文】Ifyou’relookingforaspecialpresentforyourselforafriend,whynotbookaflightinahotairballoon?Theseexcitingtripsgiveyouthechancetoenjoyareallyunusualviewofthecountryside.Forasuccessfulflight,weneedlightwinds.It’salsoimportantthatthere’snorainandwehaveaclearsky.Iftherearetoomanyclouds,we’llcanceltheflightandyourtripwillbearrangedforanotherdate.Thetemperatureintheairissimilartothatontheground,soyoushouldwearcausaloutdoorclothes.Also,youshouldremembertowearboots.Thisisbecauseyoumayneedtowalkthroughwetandmuddyfieldsattheendofthetrip.Allourflightstakeplaceintheeveninganddeparturetimedependsonwhenthesunsets.TheseasonstartsinMarch,andinMay,forexample,flightswouldbeat6:00pm.ThelastflightsareinOctober,andafterthatwecloseforthewinter.Ifyouwouldliketobookaflightorreceivemoreinformationabouthotairballoons,justfeelfreetocallus.Itwillbeatripyouwillneverforget.第二部分閱讀（共兩節，滿分50分）第一節（共15小題，每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。AMakingCollegeAffordableStudyingintheUnitedStatescanbeatransformativeexperience.However,formanystudents,thecostofUSeducationcanbeamajorconcern.Here’showtofindaffordableUScollegesanduniversitiesandsomestrategiestoreducecosts.ResearchtuitionratesatpublicuniversitiesOneofthemostcost-effectivewaystostudyintheUSistolookatpublicuniversities.Publicinstitutions,particularlystateuniversities,oftenhavelowertuitionratescomparedtoprivatecolleges.Whenexploringoptions,comparetuitionratesonuniversitywebsites,focusingonthoseknownforaffordability,suchastheStateUniversityofNewYork(SUNY)systemortheCaliforniaStateUniversity(CSU)system.Considercommunitycollegesandthe2+2programInthisapproach,studentsspendthefirsttwoyearsatacommunitycollegeandthentransfertoafour-yearuniversitytocompletetheirbachelor’sdegree.Communitycollegeshavesignificantlylowertuitionfees,oftenlessthanhalfofwhatafour-yearuniversitycharge.Byattendingacommunitycollegefirst,studentscansavethousandsofdollars.LookforscholarshipsforinternationalstudentsManyUScollegesofferscholarshipsspecificallyforinternationalstudents.Thesescholarshipscancoverpartoftuition,sometimesevenfulltuition.Whenresearchingschools,checktheir“InternationalStudentFinancialAid”or“Scholarships”sections.Applyingforthesecanhelpreducefinancialstress,butbemindfulofdeadlinesandrequirementsastheyvarywidely.ChooseschoolsinregionswithlowerlivingcostsThecostoflivingcanvarysignificantlybetweenUScitiesandregions.Forinstance,livingexpensesaregenerallylowerintheMidwestandtheSouthernUScomparedtocoastalareaslikeCaliforniaandNewYork.Whenlookingataffordableeducation,considerschoolsinstateslikeOhio,KansasandAlabama,whererent,foodandtransportationcostsareoftenlower.21.Whoisthepassageintendedfor?A.Collegeswithoverseasstudents.B.Studentswhoconsiderstudyingabroad.C.Parentswhohaveelementaryschoolstudents.D.Teacherswhoguidestudentscareerplanning.22.Whatshouldtheinternationalstudentsbeawareof?A.Thetuitionratesofprivatecolleges.B.ThelocationsofcommunitycollegesC.ThevarietyoflivingconditionsintheUSA.D.Thedifferencesbetweencollegesinscholarshipapplication.23.Whatmakesthestate,Ohio,apreferenceforstudyingintheUSA?A.Itsgoodweather. B.Itslivingcosts.C.Itslonghistory. D.Itsdeliciousfood.【答案】21.B22.D23.B【語篇解讀】本文是一篇應用文。文章為那些考慮在美國留學的學生提供了關于如何選擇經濟實惠的大學和減少學習成本的建議。【21題詳析】推理判斷題。根據文章第一段“StudyingintheUnitedStatescanbeatransformativeexperience.However,formanystudents,thecostofUSeducationcanbeamajorconcern.Here’showtofindaffordableUScollegesanduniversitiesandsomestrategiestoreducecosts.(在美國學習可以是一次變革性的經歷。然而，對于許多學生來說，美國教育的成本是一個主要的擔憂。這里是如何找到經濟實惠的美國大學和一些減少成本的策略)”可知，這篇文章是為那些考慮在美國留學的學生準備的。故選B項。【22題詳析】細節理解題。根據文章“Lookforscholarshipsforinternationalstudents(為國際學生尋找獎學金)”部分的句子“Applyingforthesecanhelpreducefinancialstress,butbemindfulofdeadlinesandrequirementsastheyvarywidely.(申請這些獎學金可以幫助減輕經濟壓力，但要注意截止日期和要求，因為它們變化很大)”可知，國際學生應該注意獎學金申請的截止日期和要求。故選D項。【23題詳析】細節理解題。根據文章最后一段的句子“Forinstance,livingexpensesaregenerallylowerintheMidwestandtheSouthernUScomparedtocoastalareaslikeCaliforniaandNewYork.Whenlookingataffordableeducation,considerschoolsinstateslikeOhio,KansasandAlabama,whererent,foodandtransportationcostsareoftenlower.(例如，與加利福尼亞和紐約等沿海地區相比，美國中西部和南部的生活費用通常較低。在尋找經濟實惠的教育時，考慮俄亥俄州、堪薩斯州和阿拉巴馬州等州的學校，那里的房租、食物和交通費用通常較低)”可知，俄亥俄州的生活成本較低，這使得它成為在美國學習的一個好選擇。故選B項。BIwasatthegroceryshoppickinguplast-minuteitemsforEasterdinnerwhenIspottedfromthecornerofmyeyethemostwonderfulflowerIhadeverseen.Itwas,asIlaterlearned,apeony(牡丹).“They’resobeautiful,aren’tthey?”saidthecashier.“Yes,”Ireplied,pleasedthatIwasgoingtobuymyselfflowers.I’dneverdonethisbefore.Onthewayhome,IwonderedwhyIhadneverreallybeendrawntoanyflowersbefore.Afterall,I’dbeenonthisearthforoverhalfacentury.GrowingupinEngland,myimmigrant(移民)familyviewedflowersasunnecessarysincesurvivalwasourpriority.Dadworkedontherailways,andMom,beforeherillness,workedinafactory.Oursmallgardenwasfilledwithvegetablesinsteadofflowers,asMomandDadoftensaid,“Thesewillkeepusaliveifwecan’tgetthemfromtheshop.”Wealsobuiltanundergroundoven,whereMomandDadwouldmakeflatbreadthewaytheyhadmadeitbackhome.ThesmellofthisflatbreadcomfortedusandmakeustakerootinEngland.WhenMother’sDaycame,Momwouldsay,“Whywastemoneyonflowers?They’lljustdie.Buyshoesorcoatsinstead.”So,wekidsmadefoodforherathome.Mymotherpassedawayyearsagoafteralongillness.Ifshewerestillalivetoday,she’dprobablyshakeherheadatmeforbuyingflowers.Butstill,IwishI’dhadthechancetoshowherthisbeautifulflowerandbuyitforheronMother’sDay.“Look,Mom,”Isayaloud.“Iboughtmyselfapeony.ThankyouforgivingupyourhomeandlifetocometothiscountrysothatIcouldhaveopportunitiesthatyouneverhad,andsoIcouldgivemyselftheseunnecessarybutbeautifulflowers.”24.Whydidtheauthorbuyherselfflowersonearth?A.Sheboughtflowersforfun. B.ShewantedtocelebrateEaster.C.Shewantedtopleasethecashier. D.Shedecidedtotreatherselfwithflowers.25.Whatdidthevegetablegardenmeantotheauthor’sparents?A.Beauty. B.Survival. C.Hometown. D.Gift.26.Howdidtheauthor’smotherfeelaboutbuyingflowersforMother’sDay?A.Itwasunnecessary. B.Itwasuncommon.C.Itwasbeyondimagination. D.Itwasoutoffashion.27.Whatdoestheauthorimplyinthelastparagraph?A.Lifeisfullofregrets.B.Sheshouldhaveboughtflowersearlier.C.Whathermotherdiddeservesherappreciation.D.Opportunitiesaregoneandnevercomeback.【答案】24.D25.B26.A27.C【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者在五十歲買了人生第一束鮮花而回饋自己時，回憶作為移民第一代的母親，舍棄故鄉的一切，含辛茹苦在英國養大孩子，母親從未給自己買過鮮花，甚至過母親節時，也拒絕買花慶祝，一生勤儉直至病故，作者在買到花束后很感念母親的犧牲付出。【24題詳析】推理判斷題。根據第三段中的“Onthewayhome,IwonderedwhyIhadneverreallybeendrawntoanyflowersbefore.Afterall,I’dbeenonthisearthforoverhalfacentury.(在回家的路上，我想知道為什么我以前從未真正被任何花所吸引。畢竟，我已經在這個世界上生活了半個多世紀。)”和最后一段的“ThankyouforgivingupyourhomeandlifetocometothiscountrysothatIcouldhaveopportunitiesthatyouneverhad,andsoIcouldgivemyselftheseunnecessarybutbeautifulflowers.(謝謝你放棄你的家和生活來到這個國家，這樣我就可以有你從未有過的機會，這樣我就能給自己這些不必要但美麗的花。)”可知，作者買花的真實原因是補償自己年輕時錯失的善待自己的機會。故選D。【25題詳析】細節理解題。根據第四段中的“GrowingupinEngland,myimmigrantfamilyviewedflowersasunnecessarysincesurvivalwasourpriority.(我在英國長大，我的移民家庭認為花是不必要的，因為生存是我們的首要任務。)”及“Oursmallgardenwasfilledwithvegetablesinsteadofflowers,asMomandDadoftensaid,“Thesewillkeepusaliveifwecan’tgetthemfromtheshop.”(我們的小花園里種滿了蔬菜而不是鮮花，就像爸爸媽媽常說的那樣：“如果我們不能從商店里買到這些花，這些就夠我們活下去了。”)”可知，菜園對作者的父母來說意味著生存。故選B。【26題詳析】細節理解題。根據第六段中的“WhenMother’sDaycame,Momwouldsay,“Whywastemoneyonflowers?They’lljustdie.Buyshoesorcoatsinstead.(母親節到來時，媽媽會說：“為什么要浪費錢買花？它們會死的。買鞋子或外套吧。)”可知，母親認為買花過節是沒必要的浪費。故選A。【27題詳析】推理判斷題。根據最后一段中的“ThankyouforgivingupyourhomeandlifetocometothiscountrysothatIcouldhaveopportunitiesthatyouneverhad,andsoIcouldgivemyselftheseunnecessarybutbeautifulflowers.(謝謝你放棄你的家和生活來到這個國家，這樣我就可以有你從未有過的機會，這樣我就能給自己這些不必要但美麗的花。)”可知，作者十分感激母親所做的犧牲為兒女換來別樣的人生。故選C。CManythinkthatlanguageiswhatsetshumansapartfromotheranimals,andbelievethattothink,weneedlanguage.BritishphilosopherBertrandRussellevenreportedin1948thatnointelligentthinkingcantakeplacewithoutlanguage.However,arecentNaturestudysuggestsotherwise.Itfoundthatlanguageandthoughtaretwodistinctentities(實體),workinginseparatepartsofthebrain.Theyare,inshort,“farmoreindependentthanweimagined”,wroteZMEScience.Thestudy,conductedbyscientistsfromtheUS,exploredthelanguage-thoughtrelationship,usingtworesearchmethods.First,theystudiedpeoplewithglobalaphasia(全失語癥),whohavelostmuchoftheirabilitytounderstandorspeakduetodamagetotheleftsideoftheirbrain.However,theycanstillfinishcomplextasks.“Youcanaskpeoplewithglobalaphasiatosolvemathproblemsorperformsocialreasoningtests,andaslongastheinstructionsarenon-verbal(非語言的),theycansucceed,”EvelinaFedorenko,oneofthestudy’sauthorsattheUSMassachusettsInstituteofTechnology,toldZMEScience.Theresearchersalsousedbrain-imaging(腦成像)toolstostudythebrainsofhealthyvolunteersperformingnon-verbaltasks,likesolvingpuzzlesandplanning.Theyfoundthatthebrain’slanguageareasweremostlyinactiveduring-suchactivities.Inotherwords,wegenerallyneedlanguagetoexpressourthoughtsbutwecanstillthinkwithoutwords.So,iflanguageisn’tnecessaryforthinking,thenwhydidhumansdevelopit?Fedorenkosaidlanguageservesmainlyasatoolforcommunication.“Amongmostofthethingsthatyoulearnedabouttheworld,youlearnedthroughlanguageandnotthroughdirectexperiencewiththeworld,”shesaid.Bybeingabletosharecomplexinformationthroughlanguage,humansgainedanevolutionaryadvantage.Althoughlanguagedoesnotgiverisetothoughts,pastresearchshowsthathowwespeakcanheavilyinfluencehowwethink.Forexample,theEnglishphrase“hefiredthegun”isusuallyunderstoodas“thegunwentoff”inJapanese.Asaresult,EnglishspeakersaremorelikelytofocusonthepersonresponsibleforanaccidentthanJapanesespeakers,accordingtoPsychologyToday.28.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“distinct”mean?A.Different. B.Dependent. C.Exact. D.Similar.29.Whatcanbelearntaboutthepeoplewith“globalaphasia”?A.Theyhavelostalltheirabilitytotalk.B.Theybehaveinactivelyduringphysicalactivities.C.Theycancarryoutsocialreasoningtestsfollowingnonverbaldirections.D.Theycanperformbetterinsolvingmathproblemsthanhealthypeople.30.Whyislanguageneededaccordingtothetext?A.Itmakeshumanthinkingpossible.B.Itbenefitspeopletogainexperience.C.Itservesastheonlytoolforhumanlearning.D.Itenablesinformationtobeunderstoodbyhumans.31.Whatdoesthetextmainlytalkabout?A.Languageshapesthewaywethink.B.Humanscanthinkindependentlyoflanguage.C.Languageandthoughtarecompletelyrelated.D.Humanscanlivewithoutthinkingandlanguage.【答案】28.A29.C30.D31.B【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要討論了語言和思維的關系，指出兩者是獨立的，語言并非思考的必要條件，但語言在交流和影響思維方式上起重要的作用。【28題詳析】詞句猜測題。根據第一段“Itfoundthatlanguageandthoughtaretwodistinctentities(實體),workinginseparatepartsofthebrain.Theyare,inshort,“farmoreindependentthanweimagined”,wroteZMEScience.(研究發現，語言和思維是兩個distinct實體，在大腦的不同部位工作。簡而言之，它們“比我們想象的要獨立得多”，ZMEScience寫道)”可知，語言和思維是互相獨立的，也就是二者并不相同。由此可知，劃線詞distinct意為“不同的”。故選A項。【29題詳析】細節理解題。根據第二段“Youcanaskpeoplewithglobalaphasiatosolvemathproblemsorperformsocialreasoningtests,andaslongastheinstructionsarenon-verbal(非語言的),theycansucceed.(你可以要求患有全失語癥的人解決數學問題或進行社會推理測試，只要指導是非語言的，他們就能成功)”可知，患有全失語癥的人可以在非語言指導下完成社會推理測試。故選C項。【30題詳析】推理判斷題。根據第四段“Fedorenkosaidlanguageservesmainlyasatoolforcommunication.Bybeingabletosharecomplexinformationthroughlanguage,humansgainedanevolutionaryadvantage.(Fedorenko說，語言主要是一種交流工具。通過語言分享復雜信息，人類獲得了進化優勢)”可推知，語言的主要作用是幫助人們理解和交流信息。故選D項。【31題詳析】主旨大意題。根據第一段“Itfoundthatlanguageandthoughtaretwodistinctentities(實體),workinginseparatepartsofthebrain.Theyare,inshort,“farmoreindependentthanweimagined”,wroteZMEScience.(研究發現，語言和思維是兩個不同地的實體，在大腦的不同部位工作。簡而言之，它們“比我們想象的要獨立得多”，ZMEScience寫道)”可知，文章主要探討了語言和思維之間的關系，特別是語言是否是人類進行思考的必要條件。由此可知，本文的主要講述了人類可以在沒有語言的情況下獨立思考。故選B項。DNomatterhowbrightandclearbigcitiescanbe,thebirdslivingtheremightbegettinglesscolorful.ArecentstudypublishedinthejournalLandscapeandPlanninglookedat547birdspeciesinChinaandfoundthatcitybirdshavedarkercolorsthanvillagebirds.Urbanizationmayhavereducedthebrightnessoftheircolors.Forcitybirdsthatlookdirty,evenifwegavethemagoodclean,theystillwouldn’tbeasbrightasvillagebirds.Thisisbecausepollution,especiallyheavymetals,caninteractwithmelanin(黑色素)inbirdsbodies.Melaninisthepigment(色素)thatmakesfeathersblack,brownandgrey.Studiesshowedthatmelanincanmixwithheavymetalslikeleadintheenvironmentandproducetoxiccompounds(有毒化合物).Thesetoxiccompoundsaremorelikelytobestoredinthefeathersofbirds.Surprisingly,thiscangivethemasurvivaladvantage.KevinMcGraw,abiologistatMichiganStateUniversityintheUS,toldTheNewYorkTimes,“Themoremelaninyoumake,thebetterableyouaretoseparatetheseharmfulcompoundsinfeathers.”Forstoringtheharmfulcompoundsintheirfeathers,thesebirdspreventthemfromenteringtheirbodies,wheretheycouldcausemoredamage.Thisiswhytherearemoredarkerbirdsincityareas.Furthermore,citypollutioncausescitytreestostorefewercarotenoids(類胡蘿卜素)comparedtovillageplants.Carotenoidsarenaturalpigmentsthatmakeredpeppersredandcarrotsorange.Justaseatingcarotenoid-richcarrotscangivehumanskinalittledark,eatingcarotenoid-richwormsthatfeedontreeleavesmakesbirds’feathersyellow,orangeandred.“Birdscannotproducecarotenoids,”GermanbirdexpertKasparDelheytoldTheNewYorkTimes.“Theyneedtogetthemfromtheirfood.”Withoutacarotenoid-richdiet,thecoloroftheirfeatherswon’tchange.Carotenoidsalsohelpbirdsstayhealthybysupportingtheirimmune(免疫的)systems.Therefore,birdsthatdon’tgetenoughofthesepigmentsmightnotbeashealthy.Thedullcolorsofcitybirdsarenotjustaboutlooks;theyareawarningsign.“Itmeansthatthehabitatmightbeoflowerquality,”Delheysaid.32.Whatdowelearnaboutmelanin?A.Itisaheavymetal. B.Itdoesdamagetobirds.C.Itmakesbirdsappeardarker. D.Itisaproductofcitypollutiononbirds.33.Howdothetoxiccompoundsaffectthecitybirds?A.Theyarefriendlytobirds’feathers.B.Theyhaveanadvantageovermelanin.C.Theycan’tbepreventedinthecitybirdbodies.D.Theyareresponsibleformoredarkerbirdsincities.34.Whatisthecorrectdescriptionofcarotenoids?A.Carotenoidsareproducedinbirdbodies.B.Carotenoidscanserveasimmunemedicine.C.Carotenoidsstoreintreesisreducedforcitypollution.D.Carotenoid-richcarrotsarenecessaryfoodforbirdswithcolorfulfeathers.35.Whatisthepurposeofthepassage?A.Todisclosethatcitybirdshaveworselivingconditions.B.Toexplainthereasonwhybirdslackhealthyfoodsupplies.C.Toexpressthatcitybirdsdependmoreontoxiccompounds.D.Tostressthatcitybirdshavegainedadvantagesovervillagebirds.【答案】32.C33.D34.C35.A【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹的是城市鳥類羽毛顏色變暗的原因及其反映的城市生態環境問題。【32題詳析】細節理解題。根據第二段中的“Melaninisthepigment(色素)thatmakesfeathersblack,brownandgrey.(黑色素是使羽毛呈現黑色、棕色和灰色的色素。)”可知，黑色素會讓鳥類看起來顏色更深。故選C項。【33題詳析】細節理解題。根據第三段中的“Studiesshowedthatmelanincanmixwithheavymetalslikeleadintheenvironmentandproducetoxiccompounds(有毒化合物).Thesetoxiccompoundsaremorelikelytobestoredinthefeathersofbirds.(研究表明，黑色素可以與環境中的鉛等重金屬混合，產生有毒化合物。這些有毒化合物更有可能儲存在鳥類的羽毛中。)”以及“Forstoringtheharmfulcompoundsintheirfeathers,thesebirdspreventthemfromenteringtheirbodies,wheretheycouldcausemoredamage.Thisiswhytherearemoredarkerbirdsincityareas.(通過將有害化合物儲存在羽毛中，這些鳥類防止它們進入體內，否則它們會造成更多傷害。這就是城市地區有更多顏色較深的鳥類的原因。)”可知，有毒化合物導致城市中顏色較深的鳥類增多。故選D項。【34題詳析】細節理解題。根據第四段中的“Furthermore,citypollutioncausescitytreestostorefewercarotenoids(類胡蘿卜素)comparedtovillageplants.(此外，城市污染導致城市樹木儲存的類胡蘿卜素比鄉村植物少。)”可知，由于城市污染，樹木中類胡蘿卜素的儲存量減少。故選C項。【35題詳析】推理判斷題。根據首段中的“Nomatterhowbrightandclearbigcitiescanbe,thebirdslivingtheremightbegettinglesscolorful.(無論大城市多么明亮清澈，那里的鳥類可能正在變得不那么色彩鮮艷。)”及最后一段中的“Thedullcolorsofcitybirdsarenotjustaboutlooks;theyareawarningsign.“Itmeansthatthehabitatmightbeoflowerquality,”Delheysaid.(城市鳥類暗淡的顏色不僅僅與外觀有關；它們是一種警告信號。“這意味著棲息地的質量可能較低，”德爾海說。)”可知，文章目的是為了說明鳥類在城市中由于污染的影響導致鳥毛的顏色越來越深，即，對于在城市生存的鳥類，他們的生活環境越來越惡劣。故選A項。第二節（共5小題，每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。ThemovieI,Robot,wasreleasedin2004,thesettingofwhichisinaworldpopulatedbyhighlyintelligenthumanlikerobots.____36____.Andwhatseemedlikesciencefictionbackthencouldsoonendupbeingclosertoreality.Themarketforhumanlikerobotsisgrowingmuchfasterthanexpertsfirstthought.RecentresearchfromGoldmanSachsshowsthatby2035,thenumberofhumanlikerobotsshippedisexpectedtoreach1.4millionunitsatleast.____37____.Hepredictstherewillbearound10billionhumanoidrobotsontheplanetby2040.Newtechnologycalledroboticlargelanguagemodelsallowsrobotstolearntaskswithoutbeingprogrammedforeverylittlemovement.Thismeansrobotscannowadapttonewsituationsmuchquicker.Robotpartsarebecomingcheaperandtherearemoresupplierstochoosefrom.____38____.____39____.Domesticrobotswilllikelystartoutmostlyhelpingwithcleaningtasksandforcompanionship.Theirincreasedmobilityandcarryingabilityshouldimmediatelyhelptheelderlyanddisabled.ThedomesticationofAI-drivenrobotscomeswithmoralandethical(道德)concerns.____40____.Insucha“blue-sky”situation,whereinnovationdevelopsrapidlyanddemandrisesquickly,humanlikerobotswillbecomethenext“must-have”deviceinhouseholdsandworkplaces.A.Therobotrevolutioniscoming.B.However,therewillberewardingopportunities.C.Andit’salmostinlinewithElonMusk’sprediction.D.Thecostofbuildingtheserobotsisalsodroppingfast.E.Theycouldevenbeanimportantpartofyourhomesecurity.F.Interestingly,whatwasonceafar-offfutureisnowonlyastepaway.G.Withinjustoveradecade,ordinarypeoplebeginbringingrobotsintotheirhomes.【答案】36.F37.C38.D39.G40.B【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹了人形機器人市場發展迅速，新技術讓機器人更智能，還面臨道德倫理問題。【36題詳析】根據上文“ThemovieI,Robot,wasreleasedin2004,thesettingofwhichisinaworldpopulatedbyhighlyinte