activityratios經營比率allowancesformaintenance維修費brandlabel商標貼紙businesslicense營業執照capitalizationratios資本結構比率carrepairandassemblyplant汽車修配廠chargerbracket充電座支架collectivestewardship集體管理commercial/residentialcomplex商住綜合樓comprehensivesubareas綜合分區contractualproject承包工程debttoequityratio負債股本比率depreciationallowances折舊費discountedcashflowmodels折現值現金流量模型elaboratelytransformedmanufactures精加工electricalmachineryfactory電機廠equityreversion權益回收financecosts融資成本fiscalallotment財政撥款floorarea建筑面積gasguzzler油耗量大的汽車genericproducts非商標(非專利)產品gothroughtheformalities辦手續governmentassignment政府劃撥GrantContractofLandUseRight土地使用權出讓合同grantortransfer出讓或轉讓heavymachineryplant重型機械廠highlyprocessedgoods深加工產品high-voltage/high-tensionwire高壓電線incometaxshelter收入稅的庇護industrialcluster產業集群industrialoptimization產業優化Internetphoneindustry網絡電話業inwardinvestment對內投資jointchamberofcommerceandindustry聯合工商會landefficiency土地效益landusecertificate土地使用證landuseterm土地使用期lead-edgetechnologies領先技術locationclassification地段等級majorrepairdepreciationexpenses大修折舊費manufacturedinventory成品庫存manufacturingexpenses制造費用metallurgicalindustry冶金產業mortgagelender抵押放貸者onaresidualbasis剩余法onthebasisofcapitalization資本還原法pillarindustry支柱產業pioneeringenterprises龍頭企業planningapproval規劃許可planningpermitofconstructionengineering建設工程規劃許可證plotratio容集率precisionmachinetool精密機床pre-requisitionedland預征土地professionalfee專業人員費(指勘察設計費等)projectapproval項目許可projectingparameter規劃參數propertytrust物業信托ratioofcurrentassetstocurrentliability流動資產與流動負債比率ratioofcurrentassetstofixedassets流動資產與固定資產比率reciprocalholdings互相控股reconstructionofoldarea舊區改造recoverablecost/debt/loss可收回成本/債務/損失redbalance赤字結余reformofthepropertyrightssystem產權制度改革registeredcapital注冊資本registrationofestablishment開辦登記registrationofpropertyright產權登記rules-of-thumbtechniques經驗法salesproceeds銷售收益sitecoverage建筑密度strata-title分層所有權structuralreadjustment結構調整subsidiesandgrants津貼和撥款surpluscapacity生產能力過剩titledocument契約文書TradeandInvestmentLiberalizationandFacilitation(TILF)貿易和投資自由化和便利化unpaidmortgagebalance抵押貸款欠額waterconservancyproject水利工程wealthmaximization最大限度地增加財產Growthinprofithasbecomemoredifficulttoachieveduetoincreasedcompetition.由于競爭的加劇，利潤增長變得更加困難。Increasingproductivecapacityhasledtocarcompaniesaimingtouseeconomiesofscaleasthemainwayofreducingcost.不斷增加的生產能力使汽車公司瞄準使用規模經濟作為降低成本的主要方法。Accordingtotheempiricalevidenceofeconomicdevelopmentofothercountriesintheworld,developmentofindustry,especiallythemodernindustryistheprerequisiteforthefastgrowthofnationaleconomy.世界各國經濟發展的經驗證明：國家要取得國民經濟快速騰飛，必須發展工業，特別是現代工業。Theironandsteelindustryservesasthebasisforthedevelopmentofotherindustries.鋼鐵工業是發展其他工業的基礎。Thesayingof“possessionofsteelandironisequaltothedominationofeconomicdevelopment”hasbeenprovedbyallpreviousindustrialrevolutions.“擁有了鋼鐵就擁有了經濟發展的主宰權”，這條真理已被世界歷次工業革命所證明。Itisessentialtosecuretheleadingpositionoftheironandsteelindustryinthelessdevelopmentcountriesattheinitialstageofindustrialdevelopment.欠發達國家初期的工業發展，鋼鐵工業的支柱地位顯得尤為重要。Rubberisalight,elastic,durableandwater-resistantmaterial,whichmakesrubberindustryveryimportant.橡膠是一種質輕、富有彈性、經久耐用和防水的材料，因此橡膠業十分重要。Electroniccomputers,whichmakeitpossibletofreemanfromthelaborofcomplexmeasurementsandcomputations,havefoundwideapplicationinengineering.電子計算機在工程技術上已獲得廣泛應用，它使人可以擺脫復雜的測量和計算工作。Italianinvestmentismostlylocatedalongtheeastcoastinsuchsectorsasautomobiles,garments,textiles,footwear,leather,jewelry,machineryandelectronicproducts,instruments,aviationandleasing.意大利在華投資主要分布在中國東部沿海地區，涉及汽車、服裝、紡織、鞋類、皮革、首飾、機電、儀表、航空和租賃等行業。Titaniumallowshavebeenwidelyappliedinaviation,aerospace,shipbuildingandotherindustriesbecauseoftheirexcellentpropertiessuchaslowdensity,highstrengthtoweightratioandcorrosionresistance.鈦合金以其密度小、比強度和比剛度高、耐腐蝕性好等優點，廣泛應用于航空業、宇航業、造船業等方面。ThemajorcivilaircraftproducerintheCzechRepublichas35yearsoftraditionandexperienceinaircraftdesignandproduction.捷克最大的民用飛機制造商擁有35年飛機設計和生產經驗。Thedevelopmentofaerospacedependschieflyonadvancedmaterialandtechnology.發展航空航天技術主要依靠先進的材料和技術。Theappearanceofnewcompositematerialisthefundamentalassuranceofhighperformance,highreliabilityandlowcostforaerospaceindustry.新型復合材料的出現是宇航業實現高性能、高郵可靠性、低成本的基礎保證。Withthequickdevelopmentofinformationtechniqueandcomputerscience,thetechniquesaboutimageprocessing,automatictargetrecognitionandcomputervisionhavebeenwidelyappliedinmanyfields,suchasindustries,nationaldefense,aeronauticsandaerospace.隨著信息技術和計算科學的迅速發展，圖像處理、自動目標識別以及計算視覺技術已經被廣泛用于工業、國防、航空航天等諸多領域。Manufacturing’sshareofU.S.employmentpeakedin1953,at35%.1953年美國制造業為美國提供的就業崗位為35%，達到高峰。成品finishedproducts人才talent/competentpersonnelhumanresources半成品semi-finishedproducts滯銷貨unsalableproduct打工妹countrygirlsworkingincities服務業serviceindustry利改稅substitutionoftaxpaymentforprofitdelivery生產力productiveforces出資方式meansofcontributinginvestment傳統產品traditionalproducts窗口行業servicetrades創匯產品hardcurrency-earningexports資本項目capitalaccount包工包料contractforlaborandmaterial采礦工業miningindustry操作方法workingtechnique;methodofoperation草根工業grassrootsindustry代理協議agencyagreement電力工業powerindustry產品設計designofproducts朝陽產業sunriseindustry成套設備wholesetsofequipment馳名商標well-knowntrademark電子工業electronicsindustry獨家代理soleagency;exclusiveagent紡織工業textileindustry服裝工業clothingindustry鋼鐵工業ironandsteelindustry隔離開關isolatingswitch工程繪圖engineeringdrawing工業基地industrialbase工業停滯industrialstagnation工業園區industrialpark公開招標publicbidding;opentender國有企業state-ownedenterprise合營期限contractualtermofajointventure合作方式methodsofcooperation后備工業supportingindustry化學工業chemicalindustry基礎工業basicindustry技術入股technologyinvestedascapitalstock技術轉讓technologytransfer加工工業processingindustry尖端產品highlysophisticated/state-of-the-artproduct建筑工業buildingindustry來料裝配assemblingwithsuppliedparts龍頭產品flagshipproduct龍頭老大leadingenterprise;flagshipoftheindustry內聯企業inlandassociatedenterprises配套工程auxiliary/supportingproject配套資金supportingfunds批量生產massproduction切削工具cuttingtool升級換代upgradingandupdating生產資料capitalgoods市場疲軟amarketslump市場準入marketaccess拳頭產品highlycompetitiveproduct人才市場humanresourcesmarket私營部門theprivatesector鄉鎮企業townshipenterprises以銷定產fixproductiontargetaccordingtomarketability知識產權bidsfortechnology主導工業leadingindustry抓大放小invigoratelargeenterpriseswhilerelaxingcontroloversmallones專利技術patentedtechnology產地證明書certificateoforigin工業增加值industrialaddedvalue企業所得稅corporateincometax出口轉內銷domesticsalesofcommoditiesoriginallyproducedforexports代表性樣品representativesample電視機工業TVindustry豆腐渣工程jerry-builtprojects進口環節稅importlinkagetax經理負責制managerresponsibilitysystem勞動密集型labor-intensive機械制造業machine-buildingindustry招標承包制systemofpublicbidding重點開發區keydevelopmentzone飛機制造工業aircraftindustry固定資產投資investmentinfixedassets國家統配物資materialsallocatedbythestate黑色金屬工業ferrousindustry品質檢驗證書qualityinspectioncertificate企業技術改造technologicalupdatingofenterprises企業虧損補貼subsidiestocoverenterpriselosses全面投產開工gointofulloperation商辦工業企業industrialenterprisesrunbycommercialunits適銷對路產品readilymarketableproduct現代企業制度moderncorporatesystem優化資源配置optimizeallocationofresources重量檢驗證書inspectioncertificateofweight(quantity)轉化經營機制changethemethodofoperation改進技術規程improvethetechnologicalprocess新的生機與活力newvigorandvitality出口創匯型產業foreignexchange-earningindustry獨家經營/專營權exclusiveright非國有工業企業non-stateindustrialenterprise工業控制一體化integratedindustrialcontrol科研成果產業化industrializationofresearchfindings質量信得過單位qualitytrustworthyorganization獨立核算工業企業independentaccountingindustrialenterprise發電設備制造工業powerequipmentindustry高附加值的深加工intensiveprocessingwithhighaddedvalue走新型工業化道路takeanewroadtoindustrialization糾正行業不正之風rectifymalpracticeinvarioustrades就業前和在職培訓pre-jobandon-the-job(in-service)training向基礎工業傾斜的政策preferentialpolicyforbasicindustry技術、智力、資本密集型technology-,knowledge-orcapital-intensive三來一補(來料加工，來件裝配，來樣加工和補償貿易)processingofimportedmaterialsoraccordingtosuppliedsamples,assemblingofsuppliedparts,andcompensationtrade中西部地區現有的工業基礎、技術力量以及豐富的自然資源和勞動力資源優勢為外商參與中國中西部地區的合作開發提供了有利條件。Inthecentralandwesternregions,theexistingindustrialfoundationandtechnologicalstrength,aswellasrichnaturalresourcesandlaborresourceshaveprovidedfavorableconditionsforforeigninvestorstoengageincooperativedevelopmentofthecentralandwesternpartsofChina.中國的高新技術產業具有廣闊的市場前景。Chinaenjoysapromisingmarketintermsofitshigh-techindustry.“九五”期間，外商投資占同期全社會固定資產投資總額的12.7%，外商投資企業工業增加值占全國工業增加值的20.9%。Inthemeantime,foreigninvestmentaccountedfor12.7%ofthetotalinvestmentinfixedassets,andtheindustrialaddedvalueofforeign-fundedenterprisestookup20.9%ofthatofthecountry.“走出去”戰略取得實質性進展。Thestrategyofgoingglobalhasmadesubstantialprogress.近年來，中國出口廠商受到了世界金融危機的沖擊。Inrecentyears,Chineseexportershavebeenaffectedbytheworldfinancialcrisis.我們要大力推進外貿體制改革，走集團化的道路，組建以外貿為龍頭的工貿、農貿、技貿相結合的企業集團，以增強企業的競爭力。Wemustpromotethereformofthemanagementsystemofforeigntradeandestablishenterprisesgroupswhichcombinemanufacturing,farmingandscientificresearchwithtradetoincreasetheircompetitiveness.老的大中型國有企業必須進行技術改造以增強活力，對有條件的大中型企業應授予其進出口經營權。Oldlargeandmedium-sized,stateenterprisesmustbeinvigoratedthroughtechnologicalupgrading,andqualifiedonesshouldbeallowedtoengageinimportingandexporting.工業企業自營出口是我國外貿體制改革的一個重大步驟。TheefforttoallowindustrialenterprisestoengageinindependentexportingisamajorstepinthereformofChina’sforeigntradesystem.在當今激烈競爭的世界上，只有以質取勝和改善售前售后服務才能行得通。Onlybycarryingoutthestrategyofsuccessthroughqualityandimprovingpresaleandafter-saleservicescanwewinintheworldfeaturingsharpcompetition.要通過精加工和深加工提高出口商品的附加值;要努力生產適銷對路的名特優新產品和“拳頭”產品打入國際市場。Methodsoffineorintensiveprocessingshouldbeusedt