2025全國英語等級考試（PETS）二級試卷：物聯(lián)網(wǎng)標準英語試題考試時間：______分鐘總分：______分姓名：______一、詞匯與語法要求：本部分主要測試考生對英語詞匯和語法知識的掌握程度，包括詞匯的拼寫、用法和語法結(jié)構(gòu)的正確運用。1.選擇題（1）Theteacher__________thestudentstobequietintheclassroom.A.asksB.toldC.ordersD.requests（2）I__________tothepartylastnight,butIwastootired.A.wouldliketogoB.wouldhavegoneC.wouldgoD.wouldbegoing（3）Thecomputer__________alotofinformationinashorttime.A.processesB.processesesC.processingD.processed（4）Thenewproduct__________widelyinthemarket.A.issoldB.sellsC.hasbeensoldD.hassold（5）Thecompanyhas__________manynewproductsinthepastfewyears.A.developedB.developedofC.developedfromD.developedwith（6）Theweatheris__________,soweshouldwearwarmclothes.A.coldB.coldlyC.coldnessD.cooling（7）Themanager__________theemployeestoworkharder.A.encouragesB.encouragesofC.encouragesfromD.encourageswith（8）Thestudents__________theteacherforhelp.A.askB.asksC.askingD.asked（9）Thecompany__________anewproductnextmonth.A.willlaunchB.willhavelaunchedC.haslaunchedD.hasbeenlaunching（10）Thegovernment__________strictmeasurestocontrolpollution.A.takesB.takesofC.takesfromD.takeswith2.完形填空TheInternetofThings(IoT)__________anetworkofphysicaldevices,vehicles,buildings,andotherobjectsthatareembeddedwithsensors,software,andnetworkconnectivitywhichenabletheseobjectstocollectandexchangedata.Withtherapiddevelopmentoftechnology,IoThasbecomeanimportantpartofourlives.It__________manybenefits,suchasimprovingefficiency,savingenergy,andenhancingsafety.However,theIoTalso__________somechallenges.Oneofthemainchallengesis__________security.Asmoredevicesconnecttotheinternet,theriskofdatabreachesandcyberattacks__________.Anotherchallengeis__________interoperability.Differentdevicesandplatformsoftenusedifferentprotocolsandstandards,whichmakesitdifficultforthemtocommunicatewitheachother.Toaddressthesechallenges,__________needtobetaken.First,__________securitymeasuresshouldbeimplementedtoprotectthedata__________byIoTdevices.Second,__________standardsandprotocolsshouldbeestablishedtoensure__________communicationbetweendevices.Finally,__________awarenessofIoTsecurityandprivacyshouldberaisedamongusers.1.A.isB.areC.wasD.were2.A.bringsB.bringsofC.bringsfromD.bringswith3.A.bringsB.bringsofC.bringsfromD.bringswith4.A.existB.existsC.existingD.toexist5.A.existB.existsC.existingD.toexist6.A.weB.usC.ID.they7.A.strictB.strictlyC.strictnessD.stricts8.A.collectedB.collectsC.collectingD.tocollect9.A.commonB.commonlyC.commonnessD.commonly10.A.commonB.commonlyC.commonnessD.commonly二、閱讀理解要求：本部分主要測試考生對英語閱讀材料的理解能力，包括對文章主旨、細節(jié)、推斷和推理等方面的把握。1.閱讀下列短文，回答問題。TheInternetofThings(IoT)isanetworkofphysicaldevices,vehicles,buildings,andotherobjectsthatareembeddedwithsensors,software,andnetworkconnectivitywhichenabletheseobjectstocollectandexchangedata.TheIoThasbecomeanimportantpartofourlives,andithasbroughtmanybenefitstooursociety.OneofthemainbenefitsoftheIoTisthatitcanimproveefficiency.Forexample,inthemanufacturingindustry,IoTdevicescanmonitortheproductionprocessandprovidereal-timedatatooptimizetheproductionschedule.Thishelpstoreducewasteandincreaseproductivity.AnotherbenefitoftheIoTisthatitcansaveenergy.Smarthomedevices,suchassmartthermostatsandLEDlights,canautomaticallyadjustthetemperatureandlightingbasedontheuser'sneeds,whichhelpstoreduceenergyconsumption.TheIoTalsoenhancessafety.Forexample,inthehealthcareindustry,IoTdevicescanmonitorpatients'vitalsignsandsendalertstohealthcareprovidersincaseofemergencies.Thishelpstoimprovethequalityofhealthcareandsavelives.However,theIoTalsobringssomechallenges.Oneofthemainchallengesissecurity.Asmoredevicesconnecttotheinternet,theriskofdatabreachesandcyberattacksincreases.Anotherchallengeisinteroperability.Differentdevicesandplatformsoftenusedifferentprotocolsandstandards,whichmakesitdifficultforthemtocommunicatewitheachother.Toaddressthesechallenges,severalmeasuresneedtobetaken.First,strictsecuritymeasuresshouldbeimplementedtoprotectthedatacollectedbyIoTdevices.Second,commonstandardsandprotocolsshouldbeestablishedtoensureseamlesscommunicationbetweendevices.Finally,awarenessofIoTsecurityandprivacyshouldberaisedamongusers.Questions:（1）Whatisthemaintopicofthepassage?A.ThebenefitsoftheIoTB.ThechallengesoftheIoTC.TheapplicationsoftheIoTD.ThehistoryoftheIoT（2）WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedasabenefitoftheIoT?A.ImprovingefficiencyB.SavingenergyC.EnhancingsafetyD.Increasingpollution（3）WhatisoneofthemainchallengesoftheIoT?A.SecurityB.InteroperabilityC.CostD.Maintenance（4）WhatmeasuresshouldbetakentoaddressthechallengesoftheIoT?A.ImplementingstrictsecuritymeasuresB.EstablishingcommonstandardsandprotocolsC.RaisingawarenessofIoTsecurityandprivacyD.Alloftheabove（5）Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardstheIoT?A.PositiveB.NegativeC.NeutralD.Indifferent2.閱讀下列短文，回答問題。TheInternetofThings(IoT)isanetworkofphysicaldevices,vehicles,buildings,andotherobjectsthatareembeddedwithsensors,software,andnetworkconnectivitywhichenabletheseobjectstocollectandexchangedata.TheIoThasbecomeanimportantpartofourlives,andithasbroughtmanybenefitstooursociety.OneofthemainbenefitsoftheIoTisthatitcanimproveefficiency.Forexample,inthemanufacturingindustry,IoTdevicescanmonitortheproductionprocessandprovidereal-timedatatooptimizetheproductionschedule.Thishelpstoreducewasteandincreaseproductivity.AnotherbenefitoftheIoTisthatitcansaveenergy.Smarthomedevices,suchassmartthermostatsandLEDlights,canautomaticallyadjustthetemperatureandlightingbasedontheuser'sneeds,whichhelpstoreduceenergyconsumption.TheIoTalsoenhancessafety.Forexample,inthehealthcareindustry,IoTdevicescanmonitorpatients'vitalsignsandsendalertstohealthcareprovidersincaseofemergencies.Thishelpstoimprovethequalityofhealthcareandsavelives.However,theIoTalsobringssomechallenges.Oneofthemainchallengesissecurity.Asmoredevicesconnecttotheinternet,theriskofdatabreachesandcyberattacksincreases.Anotherchallengeisinteroperability.Differentdevicesandplatformsoftenusedifferentprotocolsandstandards,whichmakesitdifficultforthemtocommunicatewitheachother.Toaddressthesechallenges,severalmeasuresneedtobetaken.First,strictsecuritymeasuresshouldbeimplementedtoprotectthedatacollectedbyIoTdevices.Second,commonstandardsandprotocolsshouldbeestablishedtoensureseamlesscommunicationbetweendevices.Finally,awarenessofIoTsecurityandprivacyshouldberaisedamongusers.Questions:（1）Whatisthemaintopicofthepassage?A.ThebenefitsoftheIoTB.ThechallengesoftheIoTC.TheapplicationsoftheIoTD.ThehistoryoftheIoT（2）WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedasabenefitoftheIoT?A.ImprovingefficiencyB.SavingenergyC.EnhancingsafetyD.Increasingpollution（3）WhatisoneofthemainchallengesoftheIoT?A.SecurityB.InteroperabilityC.CostD.Maintenance（4）WhatmeasuresshouldbetakentoaddressthechallengesoftheIoT?A.ImplementingstrictsecuritymeasuresB.EstablishingcommonstandardsandprotocolsC.RaisingawarenessofIoTsecurityandprivacyD.Alloftheabove（5）Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardstheIoT?A.PositiveB.NegativeC.NeutralD.Indifferent三、寫作要求：本部分主要測試考生的英語寫作能力，包括對文章結(jié)構(gòu)的把握、語言的運用和內(nèi)容的表達。1.請根據(jù)下列提示，寫一篇100-120詞的短文。提示：1.物聯(lián)網(wǎng)（IoT）在現(xiàn)代社會中的應(yīng)用越來越廣泛；2.物聯(lián)網(wǎng)給人們的生活帶來了許多便利；3.針對物聯(lián)網(wǎng)的發(fā)展，我們應(yīng)該關(guān)注其潛在的風險。2.請根據(jù)下列提示，寫一篇150-180詞的短文。提示：1.物聯(lián)網(wǎng)（IoT）在工業(yè)、醫(yī)療、家居等領(lǐng)域的應(yīng)用；2.物聯(lián)網(wǎng)的發(fā)展對人們的生活產(chǎn)生了深遠的影響；3.針對物聯(lián)網(wǎng)的發(fā)展，我們應(yīng)該如何應(yīng)對其帶來的挑戰(zhàn)。四、翻譯要求：本部分主要測試考生將英語翻譯成漢語的能力。1.將下列句子翻譯成漢語。（1）TheIoTistransformingthewaywelive,work,andinteractwithourenvironment.（2）Smartdevicescancollectvastamountsofdata,whichcanbeusedtooptimizevariousaspectsofourlives.（3）InteroperabilityisakeyissueinthedevelopmentoftheIoT,asitensuresthatdifferentdevicescanworktogetherseamlessly.（4）TherapidgrowthoftheIoThasraisedconcernsaboutdatasecurityandprivacy.（5）StandardizationiscrucialforthewidespreadadoptionofIoTtechnologies.2.將下列段落翻譯成漢語。TheInternetofThings(IoT)isarapidlyevolvingfieldthathasthepotentialtorevolutionizethewayweliveandwork.Withtheintegrationofsensors,software,andnetworkconnectivity,IoTdevicesarebecomingincreasinglyintelligentandcapableofperformingcomplextasks.Thistechnologyhasthepowertotransformvariousindustries,fromhealthcaretotransportation,byenablingbetterdecision-makingandimprovingefficiency.However,astheIoTcontinuestogrow,itisessentialtoaddresschallengessuchassecurity,privacy,andinteroperabilitytoensurethatitsbenefitsarerealizedanditsrisksaremitigated.五、完形填空要求：本部分主要測試考生對英語閱讀材料的理解能力，包括對文章主旨、細節(jié)、推斷和推理等方面的把握。TheInternetofThings(IoT)hasbecomeacrucialpartofourdailylives,withitsapplicationsrangingfromsmarthomestoindustrialautomation.AsthenumberofIoTdevicescontinuestoincrease,itisessentialtounderstandthevariousaspectsofthistechnology.TheIoTreliesonanetworkofinterconnecteddevicesthatcommunicatewitheachotherthroughtheinternet.Thesedevicesareequippedwithsensorsthatcollectdata,whichisthenprocessedandanalyzedtoprovidevaluableinsights.ThefollowingpassagediscussessomeofthekeyaspectsoftheIoT.1.TheIoTisanetworkof__________thatareconnectedtotheinternet.A.computersB.smartphonesC.sensorsD.alloftheabove2.SensorsinIoTdevicesareusedto__________.A.collectdataB.storedataC.processdataD.transmitdata3.ThedatacollectedbyIoTdevicesis__________.A.storedlocallyB.transmittedtothecloudC.bothAandBD.noneoftheabove4.OneofthemainadvantagesoftheIoTis__________.A.reducedcostsB.increasedefficiencyC.improvedsecurityD.enhanceduserexperience5.ThedevelopmentoftheIoThasledtothecreationof__________.A.newjobsB.newindustriesC.newregulationsD.alloftheabove6.AmajorchallengeintheIoTis__________.A.datasecurityB.deviceinteroperabilityC.networkbandwidthD.energyconsumption7.ToaddressthechallengesoftheIoT,__________iscrucial.A.standardizationB.regulationC.researchanddevelopmentD.alloftheabove8.TheIoThasthepotentialto__________.A.improvepublichealthB.enhancetransportationsystemsC.createnewbusinessopportunitiesD.alloftheabove9.ThefollowingisNOTacharacteristicoftheIoT:A.connectivityB.intelligenceC.scalabilityD.isolation10.ThefutureoftheIoTdependson__________.A.technologicaladvancementsB.useradoptionC.policy-makingD.alloftheabove六、短文改錯要求：本部分主要測試考生對英語語法和句法的掌握程度，以及改正錯誤的能力。TheIoT,orInternetofThings,isanetworkofphysicaldevices,vehicles,buildings,andotherobjectsthatareembeddedwithsensors,software,andnetworkconnectivity.Thesedevicescancommunicatewitheachotherandexchangedata,allowingforbettercontrolandmanagementofvarioussystems.TheIoThasthepotentialtorevolutionizemanyindustries,includinghealthcare,transportation,andmanufacturing.OneofthemainbenefitsoftheIoTistheabilitytocollectandanalyzelargeamountsofdata.Thisdatacanbeusedtoimprovedecision-making,optimizeprocesses,andcreatenewservices.Forexample,inhealthcare,IoTdevicescanmonitorpatients'vitalsignsandsendalertstohealthcareprovidersinreal-time,enablingquickerresponsestoemergencies.However,theIoTalsopresentssomechallenges.Oneofthemostsignificantchallengesissecurity.Asmoredevicesconnecttotheinternet,theriskofcyberattacksanddatabreachesincreases.ItiscrucialtoimplementstrongsecuritymeasurestoprotectthedatacollectedbyIoTdevices.Anotherchallengeisinteroperability.Differentdevicesandplatformsoftenusedifferentprotocolsandstandards,makingitdifficultforthemtocommunicatewitheachother.Standardizationisessentialtoensureseamlessintegrationandcommunicationbetweendevices.ThefutureoftheIoTdependsonaddressingthesechallengesandharnessingitsfullpotential.Byfocusingonsecurity,interoperability,andstandardization,wecancreateamoreconnectedandefficientworld.本次試卷答案如下：一、詞匯與語法1.B.told解析：根據(jù)句意，老師告訴學生在教室里要保持安靜，應(yīng)使用告訴的過去式形式，故選B。2.B.wouldhavegone解析：根據(jù)句意，昨晚我本想去參加派對，但因為太累了而沒有去，表示與過去事實相反的虛擬語氣，故選B。3.A.processes解析：根據(jù)句意，計算機在短時間內(nèi)處理了大量信息，process為動詞，意為“處理”，故選A。4.A.issold解析：根據(jù)句意，新產(chǎn)品在市場上銷售得很廣泛，表示現(xiàn)在進行時態(tài)，故選A。5.A.developed解析：根據(jù)句意，公司在過去幾年里開發(fā)了許多新產(chǎn)品，develop為動詞，意為“開發(fā)”，故選A。6.A.cold解析：根據(jù)句意，天氣很冷，所以我們應(yīng)該穿暖和的衣服，cold為形容詞，意為“冷的”，故選A。7.A.encourages解析：根據(jù)句意，經(jīng)理鼓勵員工更努力工作，encourage為動詞，意為“鼓勵”，故選A。8.D.asked解析：根據(jù)句意，學生們向老師尋求幫助，ask為動詞，意為“請求”，故選D。9.A.willlaunch解析：根據(jù)句意，公司下個月將推出新產(chǎn)品，willlaunch表示將來時態(tài)，故選A。10.A.takes解析：根據(jù)句意，政府采取嚴格的措施來控制污染，take為動詞，意為“采取”，故選A。二、閱讀理解1.A.ThebenefitsoftheIoT解析：文章主要講述了物聯(lián)網(wǎng)（IoT）的好處，故選A。2.D.Increasingpollution解析：文章中沒有提到物聯(lián)網(wǎng)會增加污染，故選D。3.A.Security解析：文章中提到物聯(lián)網(wǎng)的主要挑戰(zhàn)之一是安全性，故選A。4.D.Alloftheabove解析：文章中提到了實施嚴格的安全措施、建立共同的標準和協(xié)議以及提高用戶對物聯(lián)網(wǎng)安全和隱私的認識，故選D。5.A.Positive解析：作者對物聯(lián)網(wǎng)持積極態(tài)度，認為它帶來了許多好處，故選A。三、寫作1.略2.略四、翻譯1.物聯(lián)網(wǎng)正在改變我們生活、工作和與環(huán)境互動的方式。解析：根據(jù)句意，將TheInternetofThings(IoT)翻譯為“物聯(lián)網(wǎng)”，transforming翻譯為“改變”，thewaywelive,work,andinteractwithourenvironment翻譯為“我們生活、工作和與環(huán)境互動的方式”。2.智能設(shè)備可以收集大量數(shù)據(jù)，這些數(shù)據(jù)可以用來優(yōu)化我們生活的各個方面。解析：根據(jù)句意，smartdevices翻譯為“智能設(shè)備”，collect翻譯為“收集”，vastamountsofdata翻