專題18閱讀理解七選五(記敘文等)2021年閱讀理解七選五(記敘文等)Passage1【2021年新高考全國Ⅰ卷】MyhusbandandIjustspentaweekinParis.____36____Sothefirstthingwedidwasrentafantasticallyexpensivesixth-floorapartmentthesizeofacupboard.Itwassotinythatwehadtoleaveoursuitcasesinthehallway.Theplacewasn’tentirelyauthentic,though.UnlikeanormalParisianapartment,theplumbing(水管)worked.____37____Ourbuildingevenhadatinyliftwithafemalevoicethatsaid,“Ouverturedesportes,”inperfectFrench.ThatistheonlyFrenchphraseImastered,andit’sashameIdon’thavemuchuseforit.Parisiansaredifferentfromyouandme.Theyneverlooklazyoruntidy.Assomeonenotedinthispaperacoupleofweeksago,theyeatgreatfoodandnevergainweight.____38____Frenchstrawberriesdonottastelikecardboard.Instead,theyexplodeinyourmouthlikelittleflavorbombs.____39____OnourfirstmorninginParis,Iwentaroundthecornertothefoodmarkettopickupsomegroceries.Iboughtahandfulofperfectlyripesmallstrawberriesandalittlesweetmelon.MyhusbandandIagreedtheywerethebestfruitwehadevereaten.Buttheycost$18!InFrance,qualityoflifeismuchmoreimportantthanefficiency.Youcantellthisbycaféslife.Frenchcafésarealwayscrowded.____40____Whendothesepeoplework?TheFrenchtaketheir35-hourworkweekseriously—soseriouslythatsomelaborunionsrecentlystruckadealwithagroupofcompanieslimitingthenumberofhoursthatindependentcontractorscanbeoncall.A.Notallthecustomersaretourists.B.ThequalityoflifeinFranceisequallyexcellent.C.Therewasanicekitchenandacomfortablebed.D.Theamazingfoodismainlyconsumedbylocalfarmers.E.That’snottheonlyreasontheFrencheatlessthanwedo.F.Ouraimwastoseeifwecouldlive,insomeway,likerealParisians.G.Thefoodissodeliciousthatyoudon’tneedmuchofittomakeyouhappy.【答案】36.F37.C38.G39.E40.A【解析】【分析】這是一篇記敘文。主要講述了作者夫婦兩人在巴黎的居住的感受。首先，作者介紹了她住的房子；其次，說明了巴黎人生活非常精致的原因；最后，說明法國人對待生活的態度，相較于工作效率他們更看重生活品質。【36題詳解】上文“MyhusbandandIjustspentaweekinParis.(我丈夫和我剛在巴黎待了一周)”說明了背景；下文“Sothefirstthingwedidwasrentafantasticallyexpensivesixth-floorapartmentthesizeofacupboard.(所以我們做的第一件事就是租了一個非常昂貴公寓，在第六層，只有一個櫥柜那么大)”是空格處的結果，因此空格處需要填原因；根據F項“Ouraimwastoseeifwecouldlive,insomeway,likerealParisians.(我們的目標是看看我們是否在某種程度上可以活的像巴黎人。)”可知，作者要在巴黎住下來，所以需要租房子，兩句構成因果關系。故選F項。【37題詳解】上文“Theplacewasn’tentirelyauthentic,though.(不過，這個地方并不是地道的法國住房)”是段落的中心句，說明第二段主要內容是講解公寓的情況。下文提到了樓宇和電梯的情況。C項“Therewasanicekitchenandacomfortablebed.(有一個漂亮的廚房和一張舒適的床)”提到了廚房和床，這些都屬于公寓的配置。故選C項。【38題詳解】上文“...theyeatgreatfoodandnevergainweight.(他們吃得很好，而且從不發胖)”提及了食物。下文“Frenchstrawberriesdonottastelikecardboard.Instead,theyexplodeinyourmouthlikelittleflavorbombs.(法國草莓嘗起來不像紙板。相反，它們會像小炸彈一樣在你嘴里爆炸)”在說明法國的草莓很好吃。上下文結合可知，因為法國的食物質量很高，所以不用吃很多就能很滿足，同時吃的少也就不會發胖了。G項“Thefoodissodeliciousthatyoudon’tneedmuchofittomakeyouhappy.(食物是如此美味，你不需要吃太多就能使你快樂)”符合語境要求。故選G項。【39題詳解】第三段主要描述了作者夫妻去了采購了食物，買了草莓。下文“MyhusbandandIagreedtheywerethebestfruitwehadevereaten.Buttheycost$18!(我丈夫和我都認為這是我們吃過的最好的水果。但它們要18美元!)”說明法國的水果好吃但是也很貴。選項E“That'snottheonlyreasontheFrencheatlessthanwedo.(這并不是法國人吃得比我們少的唯一原因)”承接了上一段關于法國人吃的少但是不胖的話題，同時引起下文，給出了法國人吃的少的另一個原因‘物價貴’。故選E項。【40題詳解】根據上文“InFrance,qualityoflifeismuchmoreimportantthanefficiency(效率).Youcantellthisbycaféslife.Frenchcafésarealwayscrowded.(在法國生活質量比效率更重要。這一點你能從咖啡館生活看出來。法國的咖啡廳總是很擁擠)”可知，上文說明了法國人對待工作不是很積極且咖啡廳里顧客很多。下文“Whendothesepeoplework?(這些人什么時候工作？)”是一個問句，說明本句屬于過渡句，承接上文說明咖啡廳里的造成擁擠的客人的情況，A選項中有“customer”符合咖啡館的情境設定，同時講述了不是所有的客人都是游客，那么意味著大部分人都是當地人，符合下文的提問。故選A項。Passage2【2021年浙江卷6月】You'vegotmail…andit'sapostcardPauloMagalhaes,a34-year-oldPortuguesecomputerengineer,lovestoopenhismailboxandfindabrightlycoloredpictureofRome'sColosseum.OrAfrica'sVictoriaFalls.OrChina'sGreatWall.___11___"Ioftensendpostcardstofamilyandfriends."hesaystoChinaDaily,"butyoucanimaginethatafterawhile,youneverreceiveasmanyasyousend,andyourealizethatnoteveryoneisintoit___12___”Seekingotherlike-mindedsouls,however,Paulostartedlookinginasomewhatunlikelyplace:online.ManywouldsaytheInternetisaplaceforpeoplewhohavegivenuponthetraditionalpostalservice,butPaulo'shunch（直覺）paidoff.Todayhishobbyhasdevelopedintothewebsite,asocialnetworkthathasgrownto575,217registeredusersin214countriesandregionssincehestartedit10yearsago.___13___Runningthewebsitehasalmostturnedintoafull-timejob.Languageiscertainlyaharrierformanypeople.Forpostcrossingtoworkworldwide,acommoncommunicationlanguageisneededsothateveryonecanunderstandeachother.AscoolasitmaybetoreceiveapostcardwritteninChinese,theconceptdoesn'tworkifonedoesn'tunderstandit.___14___Soacommonlanguageisrequiredandinpostcrossingthat'sEnglishsinceit'swidelyspoken."ManypeopleinChinahavelimitedexposuretoEnglish.___15___Thatsaid,weknowofmanypostcrossingmembers,includingChinese,whohaveactuallyimprovedtheirEnglishskillsthroughtheiruseofpostcrossing,"Paulosays.A.Andthat'stotallyfineB.ThatmakesitextrahardtolearnandpracticeitC.Helikestothinkofsendingpostcardsasafamily-friendlyhobbyD.Manylovetomakeaconnectionwithsomeonefromacrosstheworld.E.OnAugust5,thenumberofpostcardsexchangedbymemberstopped31million.F.Similarly,ifyouspeakonlyChinese,receivingacardinSwedishtakespartofthefunaway.G.Inshort,helovespostcards,andtheexcitementofgettingahand-writtennotefromsomeonefaraway.【答案】11.G12.A13.E14.F15.B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文。主要介紹了PauloMagalhaes創建的過程及其現狀。PauloMagalhaes非常喜歡明信片但是苦于身邊沒有與他志趣相投的人，于是他開始從網上尋求志同道合的人，因而創立了。隨著公司在全球不斷壯大，語言成為溝通的主要障礙，后來英語被選為共同語言方便大家交流。【11題詳解】上文“PauloMagalhaes,a34-year-oldPortuguesecomputerengineer,lovestoopenhismailboxandfindabrightlycoloredimageofRome'sColosseum.OrAfrica'sVictoriaFalls.OrChina’sGreatWall.(34歲的葡萄牙電腦工程師PauloMagalhaes喜歡打開他的郵箱，然后發現一個色彩鮮艷的羅馬斗牛場圖像。或者非洲的維多利亞瀑布。或者是中國的長城)”介紹了Paulo喜歡明信片的個人愛好。下文“...andyourealizethatnoteveryoneisintoit.”說明他身邊缺少與他志趣相投的人。選項G“Inshort,helovespostcards,andtheexcitementofgettingascribblednotefromsomeonefaraway.(簡而言之，他喜歡明信片，也喜歡收到遠方某人潦草的便條時的那種興奮)”起到承上啟下的作用，總結了上文Paulo喜歡明信片，也引出下文關于他的喜好得不到回應的問題。故選G項。【12題詳解】上文““Ioftensendpostcardstofamilyandfriends."hesaystoChinaDaily,“butyoucanimaginethatafterawhile,youneverreceiveasmanyasyousend,andyourealizethatnoteveryoneisintoit(“我經常給家人和朋友寄明信片，”他說，“但你可以想象，過一段時間，你收到的明信片不會像你寄的那么多，而且你意識到并不是每個人都喜歡這樣。”)”說明Paulo意識到身邊的親人和朋友不是都和他有相同的愛好，因此他也很坦然接受這個事實，因此選項A“那完全沒問題”符合語境。故選A項。【13題詳解】上文“TodayhishobbyhasevolvedintothewebsiteP,asocialnetworkthathasgrownto575,217registeredusersin214countriesandregionssincehelaunchedit10yearsago.(如今，他的這個愛好已經發展成了P這個社交網站。自從10年前他創建這個網站以來，已經有來自214個國家和地區的575217名注冊用戶)”是在介紹目前網站的發展狀況，因此符合文意的只有E選項“8月5日，會員互贈的明信片數量達到3100萬張”是在介紹該網站相關的數據。故選E項。【14題詳解】上文“AscoolasitmaybetoreceiveapostcardwritteninChinese,theconceptdoesn'tworkifonedoesn'tunderstandit.(收到一張用中文寫明信片可能很酷，但如果你不理解它，這個概念就行不通)”是舉例說明他國人收到中文明信片時的問題。選項F“Similarly,ifyouspeakonlyChinese,receivingacardwritteninSwedishtakespartofthefunaway.(同樣地，如果你只會說中文，收到瑞典語的卡片也會奪走一部分樂趣)”是舉例說明中國人收到他國語言明信片時也會遇到相同的問題。兩句相結合，符合結論句的語義要求，故選F項。【15題詳解】上文“ManypeopleinChinahavelimitedexposuretoEnglish.(許多中國人很少能接觸到英語)”說明對某些人來說學習英語的門檻較高。結合下文“...whoactuallyimprovedtheirEnglishskillsthroughtheiruseofpostcrossing.(他們實際上通過使用明信片來提高他們的英語技能)”可知，寫明信片成為一種練習英語的渠道。因此選項B“這使得學習和練習它變得格外困難”符合語境要求，說明對一些人來說學習和練習英語的難度較高，因為渠道較少。故選B項。2019年閱讀理解七選五(記敘文等)Passage1【2019年北京卷】Muchoftheworkintoday’sworldisaccomplished(完成)inteams.Mostpeoplebelievethebestwaytobuildagreatteamistogatheragroupofthemosttalentedindividuals._____46_____Companiesspendmillionshiringtopbusinesspeople.Istheirmoneywellspent？___47___Theyfocusedonfootball，basketballandbaseball.TheresultsaremixedForfootballandbasketball，addingtalentedplayerstoateamprovesagoodmethod，butonlyuptothepointwhere70%oftheplayersaretoptalent；abovethatlevel,theteam’sperformancebeginstodecline.Interestingly，thistrendisn’tevidentinbaseball.whereadditionalindividualtalentkeepsimprovingtheteam’sperformance.Toexplainthisphenomenon，theresearchersexploredthedegreetowhichagoodperformancebyateamrequiresitsmemberstocoordinate(協調)theiractions.______48______Inbaseball，theperformanceofindividualplayersislessdependentonteammates.Theyconcludethatwhentaskinterdependenceishigh，teamperformancewillsufferwhenthereistoomuchtalent，whileindividualtalentwillhavepositiveeffectsonteamperformancewhentaskinterdependenceislower.Ifabasketballstaris.forexample，tryingtogainahighpersonalpointtotal，hemaytakeashothimselfwhenitwouldbebettertopasstheballtoateammate，affectingtheteam'sperformance.Youngchildrenlearningtoplayteamsportsareoftentold，“ThereisnoIinTEAM.”___49___Anotherpossibilityisthatwhenthereisalotoftalentonateam，someplayersmaymakelesseffort.Justasinagameoftug-of-war(拔河比賽)，wheneverapersonisadded，everyoneelsepullstheropewithlessforce.___50___.AnA-teammayrequireabalance-notjustAplayers，butafewgenerousBplayersaswell.A.It'snotasimplemattertodeterminethenatureoftalent.B.SportsteamownersspendmillionsofdollarsattractingtoptalentC.Thegroupinteractionanditseffectdrewtheresearchers'attention.D.Starsapparentlydonotfollowthisbasicprincipleofsportsmanship.E.Severalrecentstudiesexaminedtheroleoftalentinthesportsworld.F.Buildingupadreamteamismorecomplexthansimplyhiringthebesttalent.G.Thistaskinterdependencedistinguishesbaseballfromfootballandbasketball.【答案】46.B47.E48.G49.D50.F（本文是一篇說明文。文章主要講了當今世界的大部分工作都是在團隊中完成的。大多數人認為組建一個偉大團隊的最好方法是聚集一群最有才華的人。可是他們的錢花得好嗎？文章就這一問題進行了調查。）【語篇解讀】這是一篇夾敘夾議的文章。文章主要講了建立一支最佳陣容球隊比簡單地雇傭最優秀的人才要復雜得多。一支一流球隊可能需要一種平衡——不僅僅是最好球員，也需要一些優雅量的普通球員。46.B上文說“大多數人相信建立一個偉大團隊的最好方法就是聚集一群最有天賦的人個人”。下文說“公司花費數百萬雇傭頂級商業人士。”該空承上啟下，也是在舉例，B選項“運動隊老板花費數百萬美元吸引頂尖人才。”切題，故選B。47.E下文說“他們專注于足球、籃球和籃球。結果有好有壞。”該空引出下文，E選項“最近的幾項研究調查了體育世界中人才的作用。”切題，故選E。48.G上文說“為了解釋這一現象，研究人員探索了一場好的表現要求隊員們協調他們行動的程度”，下文說明了研究結果，該空承上啟下，G選項“這項任務的相互依賴性使棒球區別于足球和籃球。”切題，故選G。49.D上文說了“一個球星為了個人得分，而影響團隊的表現”，該空承接上文，D選項“球星顯然沒有遵守運動員精神的基本原則”切題，故選D。50.F下文說“一支一流球隊可能需要一種平衡——不僅僅是最好球員，也需要一些優雅量的普通球員。”該空引出下文，F選項“建立一支最佳陣容球隊比簡單地雇傭最優秀的人才要復雜得多。”切題，故選F。2017年閱讀理解七選五(記敘文等)Passage1【2017年新課標Ⅰ卷】IfanyonehadtoldmethreeyearsagothatIwouldbespendingmostofmyweekendscamping,Iwouldhavelaughedheartily.Campers,inmyeyes,werepeoplewhoenjoyedinsectbites,ill-cookedmeals,anduncomfortablesleepingbags.Theyhadnothingincommonwithme.36Thefriendswhointroducedmetocampingthoughtthatitmeanttobeapioneer.37Wesleptinatent,cookedoveranopenfire,andwalkedalongdistancetotaketheshowerandusethebathroom.ThisbriefvisitwithMotherNaturecostmetwodaysofffromwork,recoveringfromabadcaseofsunburnandthedoctor’sbillformyson’sfoodpoisoning.Iwas,nevertheless,talkedintogoingonanotherfun-filledholidayinthewilderness.38Instead,wehadapop-upcamperwithcomfortablebedsandanairconditioner.Mynature-lovingfriendshadrememberedtobringallthenecessitiesoflife.39Wehavedonealotofitsince.Recently,weboughtatwenty-eight-foottraveltrailercompletewithabathroomandabuilt-inTVset.Thereisaseparatebedroom,amodernkitchenwitharefrigerator.Thetrailerevenhasmatchingcarpetandcurtains.40Itmustbetruethatsoonerorlater,everyonefindshisorherwaybacktonature.Irecommendthatyoufindyourwayinstyle.A.This

time

there

was

no

tent.B.Things

are

going

to

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improved.C.The

trip

they

took

me

on

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a

rough

one.D.I

was

to

learn

a

lot

about

camping

since

then,

however.E.I

must

say

that

I

have

certainly

come

to

enjoy

camping.F.Afterthetrip,myfamilybecamequiteinterestedincamping.G.Therewasnoshadeasthetreeswerenomorethan3feettall.【文章大意】本文是一篇記敘文。三年前，作者對露營一無所知，也不認為自己會喜歡露營。然而后來有過幾次露營的經歷，作者和他的家人開始愛上了露營，甚至為露營購買了設備齊全的房車。作者認為露營是回歸大自然的一個方式，也建議讀者找到適合自己的回歸自然的方式。36.D根據前文可知三年前作者認為露營和自己無關，而后文中表明作者熱愛露營，暗示此處作者對待露營的情感態度應該出現轉變。D選項中的however表示轉折。且IfanyonehadtoldmethreeyearsagothatIwouldbespendingmostofmyweekendscamping暗示作者態度的轉變就在三年前，D選項中的sincethen＂自從那時候起＂和前文時間吻合。故選D。37.C根據后文Wesleptinatent,cookedoveranopenfire,andwalkedalongdistancetotaketheshowerandusethebathroom可知作者第一次露營的條件很艱苦，C選項Thetriptheytookmeonwasaroughone.中的rough暗示了這一點，符合語境。故選C。38.A根據前文Wesleptinatent,cookedoveranopenfire,andwalkedalongdistancetotaketheshowerandusethebathroom可知作者第一次露營時住帳篷，露天生火做飯，走很遠的距離去洗澡、上廁所，條件很艱苦，而后文中Instead,wehadapop-upcamperwithcomfortablebedsandanairconditioner.說明作者第二次露營有床有空調。A選項Thistimetherewasnotent＂這次沒有帳篷了＂暗示作者進行了第二次露營，而且條件比較好，符合語境。故選A。39.F根據后文weboughtatwenty-eight-foottraveltrailercompletewithabathroomandabuilt-inTVset.Thereisaseparatebedroom,amodernkitchenwitharefrigerator.Thetrailerevenhasmatchingcarpetandcurtains.可知作者一家為了露營買了房車，里面設備齊全，說明作者一家人是喜歡露營的。F選項Afterthetrip,myfamilybecamequiteinterestedincamping(那次露營之后，我的家人開始對露營感興趣)符合語境，故選F。40.E根據后文Itmustbetruethatsoonerorlater,everyonefindshisorherwaybacktonature.Irecommendthatyoufindyourwayinstyle.可知作者希望每個人能找到適合自己的回歸自然的方法，而根據前文可知作者回歸自然的方式就是露營。E選項ImustsaythatIhavecertainlycometoenjoycamping.(我必須得承認我真的開始享受露營)既是對文章第一段中作者態度轉變的一個總結，也很好地銜接了后文。故選E。2016年閱讀理解七選五(記敘文等)Passage1【2016年浙江卷】A.GetinvolvedinstudentactivitiesB.YourvoiceisactuallysuperimportantC.ThereisasignificantincreaseofopportunitiesD.StayinactivecommunicationwithyourfriendsE.GetsmartaboutthepeoplewhoyouspendyourtimewithF.YourmajordoesnotmatterasmuchinyourfirstyearofcollegeFiveThingsNobodyToldMeaboutCollegeAsItypethis,Iaminmyuniversitydormroom.Ayearago,whenIwasawaitingtoheartheresultsofmycollegeapplications,Ioftenwenttowebsitesforsometypeofinsiderlookonwhatcollegewouldbelike.However,there’sonlysomuchthatprepbooks,websites,andolderfriendscanteach.Herearethetop5thingsnobodytoldmeaboutcollege:61.Nobodyenteringauniversityknowsexactlywhattheywanttostudy.Iftheytellyouotherwise,they’relyingandwillprobablychangewhattheywanttopursuewithinthefirstquarterofattendance.DuringmyfirstquarteratUniversityofCalifornia,Riverside(UCR),IthoughtthatIwantedtostudyPoliticalSciencewithitsfocusonInternationalAffairs,sothat’swhatIappliedfor.However,onceIworkedwithstatewideandlocalgovernment,IrealizedthatabetterfitformewouldbePublicPolicy,andnowIamintheprocessofchangingmyarea.62.Incollege,therearesomanygoodchancesforyoutomeetyourexpectations.However,thereisaveryimportantdifferencebetweenwantingtodosomethingandapplyingforsomething.Inorderforyoutotakefulladvantageoftheconferences,research,internships(實習),andfellowshipsthatyouruniversityoffers,apply!Stepintoyouracademicadvisor’soffice,introduceyourself,andbeginmakingthevaluableconnectionsthatarenecessarytohelpduringtherestofyourcollegecareer.Greatthingshappenwhenyoustepoutofyourcomfortzone,andyouwouldbesurprisedonhowmanychancesexistifyoujustask.63.Collegeiswhereyoumeetyourbridesmaids,groomsmen,neighbors,andpotentialbosses.Therelationshipsyoudevelopnowwillprobablybelinkedtotheonesyouvaluelater,sobewiseaboutthepeoplewhoyouinvestyourselfin.Youareonlyoneperson,andyoudonothavetimetowasteonpeoplewhowouldrathercausedramaormessupwithyourpurpose.Surroundyourselfwithupliftingindividualswhochallengeyoutobebetterwhilelovingyouforwhoyouare,andbepatienttothepeoplewhoarethecompleteoppositeofthatdescription.64.