2021-2022學(xué)年湖北省孝感市普通高中高二上學(xué)期期中聯(lián)考英語(yǔ)試卷本試卷滿分150分注意事項(xiàng)：1.答題前，先將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)填寫(xiě)在試卷和答題卡上，并將準(zhǔn)考證條形碼粘貼在答題卡上的指定位置。2.選擇題的作答：每小題選出答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。寫(xiě)在試卷、草稿紙和答題卡上的非答題區(qū)域均無(wú)效。3.非選擇題的作答：用黑色簽字筆直接答在答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)的答題區(qū)域內(nèi)。寫(xiě)在試卷、草稿紙和答題卡上的非答題區(qū)域均無(wú)效。4.考試結(jié)束后，請(qǐng)將本試卷和答題卡一并上交。第一部分聽(tīng)力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。例:Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.答案是C。.1.Whyisthemanworried?A.Hedislikesliterature.B.Hehaslittletimetoread.C.Hemustreadalotofbooks.2.WhenisMr.Robertsonexpectedtotakethebus?A.At6:30am.B.At6:00am.C.At5:30am.3.Howmuchdoesapencostnow?A.15cents.B.10cents.C.7.5cents.4.Howmanyblockswillthemanhavetogo?A.Fiveblocks.B.Threeblocks.C.Twoblocks.5.Whatwillthemanprobablydohalfanhourlater?A.HavedinnerwithMrs.Baker.B.CallMrs.Bakeragain.C.Leaveamessage.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽(tīng)下面3段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽(tīng)完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話讀兩遍。聽(tīng)下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題。6.Whoisthewomanprobablyspeakingto?A.Acolleague.B.Adoctor.C.Awaiter.7What'stheman'sadviceforthewoman?A.Lookforanewjob.B.Stopdrinkingcoffee.C.Changeherbreakfasthabit.聽(tīng)下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題。8.Whatisthemandoing?A.Checkingin.B.Checkingout.C.Bookingaroom.9.Wherewillthemangowithhisfriend?A.NewYork.B.Boston.C.Seattle.10.Whichkindofroomdoesthemanprefer?A.Aroomwithtwobeds.B.Aroomwithasharedbath.C.Aroomwithadoublebed.聽(tīng)下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題。11.Howdidthequeen'sspeechmakeJuliefeel?A.Surprised.B.Moved.C.Amused.12.Whatdothespeakerswanttovisittomorrow?A.BuckinghamPalace.B.The13.Wheredoesthisconversationprobablytakeplace?A.InBuckingham聽(tīng)下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題。14.What'sthemostimportantinlearningaforeignlanguageaccordingtotheman?A.Grammar.B.Vocabulary.C.Pronunciation.15.Whatdoesthemanthinkaboutgrammaticalmistakes?A.Heisashamedofthem.B.Heseldomworriesaboutthem.C.Hepaysmuchattentiontothem.16.Whatdothespeakersmainlytalkabout?A.Howtostudyaforeignlanguage.B.Howtocommunicatewithpeople.C.Howtoavoidgrammaticalmistakes.聽(tīng)下面一段獨(dú)白，回答以下小題。17.WhydidWatanabereceiveacertificate?A.Hegrewspecialtrees.B.Hewastheoldestmanintheworld.C.Hewasavolunteeratahealthcarecenter.18.WhatdoweknowaboutMasazoNonaka?A.HewasalsoJapanese.B.Hewas117yearsold.C.Heisstillalivetoday.19.WhatdidWatanabelikedoing?A.Watchingshows.B.Makingsomedessert.C.Doingsomeplanting.20.WhatdidWatanabedobeforetheendofWorldWarII?A.Heattendedanagriculturalschool.B.Heworkedforthelocalgovernment.C.HegrewfruitandvegetablesinTaiwan,China.第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）ANewMexicoclaims465milesofRoute66'sChicagotoLosAngelesjourney.Therearenumerousattractiveplaces.Herearefourofthem.GallupTradingCenterADDRESS:223WHistoricHighway66,GallupPHONE:+1505-722-4762SittingontheedgeoftheNavajoNation,GallupisacenterforNativeAmericanart，includingRichardsonTradingCo.whereNavajotextiles（紡織品）pileinaroomdevotedtooneofthenation＇smanyartforms.Silverjewelry（珠寶）lineglassdecorateseverywall，includingthedelicatedesignsZuniartistshavemastered.It'saperfectplacetopurchaseasouvenirtorememberaRoute66roadtripthroughNewMexico.BlueSwallowMotelADDRESS:815ERte66Blvd,TucumcariPHONE:+1575-461-9849RoadtripperscanputupatseveralhotelspreservedfromdecadesagoinTucumcari,includingtheBlueSwallowMotel.Thehoteldatesbackto1939andcontinuestobefamily-ownedandoperatedtoday.Inside,theroomshavedecorationsfromthepeacefuldaysofAmericanroadtrips,forexamplerollingphones.Themostdesiringsuiteisnamedafterthelong-timeownerLillianRedman.Route66AutoADDRESS:2436U.S.Rte66,SantaRosaPHONE:+1575-472-1966Themuseumrunbyacoupleisamust-visitforitscollectionofclassicandold-fashionedcars.Theownerhasbeeninthevehiclerestorationbusinessfor40years,sothesmallmuseumhasavarietyofluxurycars.Thewarehouse-likespaceisalsolistedinRoute66memorabilia,includinggasstationsignsandpumps.Route66DinerADDRESS:1405CentralAveNE,Albuquerque,NM87106-4801PHONE:+1505-247-1421Route66Dinerisatraditionalsodafountainthatserveshamburgers,drinks,andmaltsontheedgeofNobHill.Awallhereiscoveredwithclassicroadsignsandisamust-haveInstagramphotoformanyvisitors.1.WhatcanpeopledoinGallupA.MeetsomeZuniartists.B.Buysomematerialstomakeclothes.C.Appreciatesometraditionalartforms.D.Getapieceofsmalljewelryasasouvenir.2.WhatdoBlueSwallowMotelandRoute66AutoMuseumhaveincommon?A.Botharerichlydecorated.B.Bothproviderefuelingservice.C.Botharefamily-ownedbusinesses.D.Bothhaveahistoryofabout40years.3.Whereshouldvisitorsenjoyingtakingphotosprobablygo?A.223WHistoricHighway66,Gallup,B.1405CentralAveNE,Albuquerque,NM87106-4801.C.815ERte66Blvd,Tucumcari,NM88401.D.2436U.S.Rte66,SantaRosa,NM88435.【答案】1.C2.C3.B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，主要介紹的是66號(hào)公路從芝加哥到洛杉磯的路程中的四個(gè)迷人的地方。【1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)GallupTradingCenter部分的“SittingontheedgeoftheNavajoNation,GallupisacenterforNativeAmericanart，includingRichardsonTradingCo.whereNavajotextiles（紡織品）pileinaroomdevotedtooneofthenation＇smanyartforms.（坐落在納瓦霍民族的邊緣，蓋洛普是美國(guó)原住民藝術(shù)的中心，包括理查森貿(mào)易公司。在理查森貿(mào)易公司，納瓦霍紡織品堆放在一個(gè)房間里，房間里陳列著美國(guó)眾多的藝術(shù)形式之一。）”可知，在蓋洛普貿(mào)易中心人們可以欣賞一些傳統(tǒng)藝術(shù)形式。故選C。【2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)BlueSwallowMotel部分的“Thehoteldatesbackto1939andcontinuestobefamily-ownedandoperatedtoday.（酒店可以追溯到1939年，到今天仍然是家族所有和經(jīng)營(yíng)的。）”和Route66AutoMuseum部分的“Themuseumrunbyacoupleisamust-visitforitscollectionofclassicandold-fashionedcars.（這對(duì)夫婦經(jīng)營(yíng)的博物館收藏了許多經(jīng)典和老式汽車(chē)，是必去之處。）”可知，藍(lán)燕子旅館和66號(hào)公路汽車(chē)博物館的共同之處在于兩者都是家族企業(yè)。故選C。【3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Route66Diner部分的“Awallhereiscoveredwithclassicroadsignsandisamust-haveInstagramphotoformanyvisitors.（這里的一面墻上貼滿了經(jīng)典的路標(biāo)，對(duì)許多游客來(lái)說(shuō)，這是一張必拍的Instagram照片。）”可知，喜歡拍照的游客應(yīng)該去Route66Diner，地址是1405CentralAveNE,Albuquerque,NM87106-4801，故選B。BLiseMeitnerwasborninVienna,WhenLiseMeitnerfinishedschoolattheageof14,shecouldnotgotocollegeforhighereducation,aswereallgirlsinAustria.But,inspiredbythediscoveryofHenriBecquerel,shewasdeterminedtostudyradioactivity(放射性).Whensheturned21,womenwerefinallyallowedintoAustrianuniversities.MeitnerwasadmittedintotheUniversityofVienna;thereshewasexcellentatmathandphysicsandearnedherdoctor’sdegreein1906.ShewrotetoMarieCurie,buttherewasnoroomforherintheParislab,soMeitnermadeherwaytoBerlin.TheresheworkedwithOttoHahn,butasanAustrianJewishwoman,shewasexcludedfromthemainlabsandallowedtoworkonlyinthebasement.In1912,thepairmovedtoanewuniversityandMeitnerhadbetterlabequipment.ThoughMeitnerwasforcedtoescapeNaziGermanyin1938,theycontinuedtoco-work.MeitnercontinuedherworkinSwedenandlatertheyfoundthephenomenon“nuclearfission(核裂變)”.Thediscovery,whichfinallyledtotheatomicbomb,wonHahntheNobelPrizein1944.Meitner,ignoredbytheNobelcommittee(委員會(huì)),refusedtoreturntoGermanyafterthewarandcontinuedheratomicresearchinStockholmintoher80s.4.WhatcanwelearnaboutLiseMeitner’schildhood?A.Shereceivedapooreducation.B.Sheoftenwentagainstherparents.C.Shedidwellinmath.D.Shelivedahardlifewithherfamily.5.Whydidn’tLiseMeitnergotocollegeafterfinishinghighschool?A.Shewasn’tinterestedincollege.B.GirlsinAustriawerenotpermitted.C.Herfamilycouldn’taffordtheschoolfees.D.Shewantedtostudyradioactivitybyherself.6.Whichoneistrueaccordingtothetext?A.SheshouldfindabetterpartnerthanOttoHahn.B.Shemadethewrongcollegechoice.C.Sheshouldhavekeptheridentityasecret.D.ShewasunfairlytreatedwhenworkinginBerlin.7.WhatwasmostprobablyLiseMeitner’sattitudetowardtheNobelcommittee?A.Positive. B.Unclear.C.Annoyed. D.Indifferent.【答案】4.C5.B6.D7.C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文，主要介紹了科學(xué)家LiseMeitner生平和成就。【4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的“HerfatherPhilipp,whowasalawyer,hiredpersonalteacherstoteachthechildren,andshelearnedmathematicsverywell.（她的父親菲利普是一名律師，雇傭了私人教師來(lái)教孩子們，她的數(shù)學(xué)學(xué)得非常好。）”可知，她擅長(zhǎng)數(shù)學(xué)，故選C。【5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段的“WhenLiseMeitnerfinishedschoolattheageof14,shecouldnotgotocollegeforhighereducation,aswereallgirlsinAustria.（當(dāng)莉斯·邁特納14歲完成學(xué)業(yè)時(shí)，她不能進(jìn)入大學(xué)接受高等教育，就像奧地利所有的女孩一樣）”可知，莉斯·邁特納高中畢業(yè)后不去上大學(xué)，是因?yàn)樵趭W地利，女孩是不允許上大學(xué)的。故選B。【6題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的“TheresheworkedwithOttoHahn,butasanAustrianJewishwoman,shewasexcludedfromthemainlabsandallowedtoworkonlyinthebasement.（在那里，她和奧托·哈恩(OttoHahn)一起工作，但作為一名奧地利猶太婦女，她被排除在主要實(shí)驗(yàn)室之外，只能在地下室工作。）”可知，她在柏林工作時(shí)受到不公平的待遇。故選D。【7題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段的“Thediscovery,whichfinallyledtotheatomicbomb,wonHahntheNobelPrizein1944.Meitner,ignoredbytheNobelcommittee,refusedtoreturntoGermanyafterthewarandcontinuedheratomicresearchinStockholmintoher80s.（這一發(fā)現(xiàn)最終導(dǎo)致了原子彈的發(fā)明，并為哈恩贏得了1944年的諾貝爾獎(jiǎng)。被諾貝爾委員會(huì)忽視的梅納在戰(zhàn)后拒絕返回德國(guó)，并在斯德哥爾摩繼續(xù)她的原子研究，直到她80多歲。）”可知，莉莎·邁特納對(duì)諾貝爾委員會(huì)的態(tài)度可能是生氣的，故選C。CSusanMurabana’stravellingtelescopebeganwithasimplerevelation（被暴露的真相）：Weallhaveaccesstothesky.Weallseethesamemoon.Atthesametime,sheknewthataccesswasn'tcreatedequal.Telescopeshavebeenaroundfor400years,butmostchildreninKenyahadneverlookedthroughone.Shethoughtshecouldchangethat.In2014,sheandherpartnerMr.OwenboughtatelescopeandstartedshowingkidsaroundKenyawhatthestarslookedlikeupclose.Today,theirTravellingTelescopeprogramhasreached200,000kids.Itteacheskidsaboutspaceandrocketsonline,offeringworkshopson3Dmodelingandastronomytolocalschoolchildren.“It'sneverbeenaboutthesekidsbecomingastronomers,”Mrs.Murabanasays.“Ibelieveastronomyisanopportunityforkidstospreadinterestinotherfieldsofsciencesuchasengineeringandmath,andthatitisonlythroughsciencethatwecanunderstandtheworldwelivein.”GrowingupinNairobi,Mrs.Murabananeversawastronomyasapossiblecareerpath-orevenapotentialhobby.“Ialwayslovedmathandscience,butIwasn'texposedtoastronomy,”shesays.Shestudiedeconomicsincollege,andthenworkedinmarketing.ButwhenshevolunteeredinscienceoutreachprogramswhereshemetOwen,shesawthewayastronomyseemedtomakekidsfromallwalksoflifelightup.Soon,shebeganteachingkidsaboutspacethroughprogramslikeHands-OnUniverse,andcompletingamaster'sdegreeinastronomyherself.AtHillcrestInternationalSchoolsinNairobi,preparatoryheadteacherSurbhiVashishtsaysthetelescopehashititbigamongherstudents,170ofwhomhaveparticipatedinTravellingTelescopeworkshops:lookingatthestars,buildingrockets,andvirtuallyexploringthelandscapeofMars.“Thechildrenenjoyalotinthesessions,”shewritesinanemail.8.What'sthepurposeofMrs.Murabana'sTravellingTelescopeprogram?A.Topromotethedevelopmentofastronomyinhercountry.B.TomaketelescopesaffordabletomostschoolsinKenya.C.Toinspirekidstobeastronomersinthefuture.D.Toopenthedoortoscienceforkids.9.WhatcontributestoMrs.Murabana'schangeofcareerpath?A.Herexperienceasavolunteer.B.TheunsatisfyingeducationinAfrica.C.TheloveandsupportfromMr.Owen.D.Hercompletingamaster'sdegreeinastronomy.10.Whichofthefollowingcanbestreplacetheunderlinedpart“hititbig”inthelastparagraph?A.Gainedfavor. B.Becomemysterious.C.Causedabigconcern. D.Beenoflimitedvalue.11.What'sthetextmainlyabout?A.Anefforttocreateastronomyenthusiasts.B.Aplantoimprovethestudyofastronomy.C.Awaytobringaboutequalityineducation.D.Aneducationalprogrambringingstarstochildren.【答案】8.D9.A10.A11.D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了穆拉巴納夫人的旅行望遠(yuǎn)鏡計(jì)劃可以帶孩子們看星星、建造火箭，以及虛擬探索火星景觀，為孩子們打開(kāi)科學(xué)之門(mén)。【8題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段“SusanMurabana’stravellingtelescopebeganwithasimplerevelation（被暴露的真相）：Weallhaveaccesstothesky.(蘇珊·穆拉巴納的旅行望遠(yuǎn)鏡始于一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單的真相：我們都能接觸到天空。)”根據(jù)第二段““Ibelieveastronomyisanopportunityforkidstospreadinterestinotherfieldsofsciencesuchasengineeringandmath,andthatitisonlythroughsciencethatwecanunderstandtheworldwelivein.”（我相信天文學(xué)是孩子們傳播對(duì)其他科學(xué)領(lǐng)域如工程和數(shù)學(xué)興趣的機(jī)會(huì)，只有通過(guò)科學(xué)，我們才能了解我們生活的世界）可推斷，穆拉巴納夫人的旅行望遠(yuǎn)鏡計(jì)劃的目的是為孩子們打開(kāi)科學(xué)之門(mén)。故選D。【9題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段“ButwhenshevolunteeredinscienceoutreachprogramswhereshemetOwen,shesawthewayastronomyseemedtomakekidsfromallwalksoflifelightup.(但當(dāng)她在科學(xué)推廣項(xiàng)目中做志愿者時(shí)，她遇到了歐文，她看到了天文學(xué)似乎讓各行各業(yè)的孩子們感到興奮的方式。)”可知，她作為志愿者的經(jīng)歷促成了穆拉巴納夫人職業(yè)道路的轉(zhuǎn)變。故選A。【10題詳解】詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“170ofwhomhaveparticipatedinTravellingTelescopeworkshops:lookingatthestars,buildingrockets,andvirtuallyexploringthelandscapeofMars.(170名學(xué)生參加了旅行望遠(yuǎn)鏡講習(xí)班：觀察星星，建造火箭，以及虛擬探索火星的景觀。)”可知，望遠(yuǎn)鏡在她的學(xué)生中大受歡迎。所以hititbig為“大受歡迎，贏得了青睞”之意。故選A。【11題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)全文可知，尤其是第二段“OwenboughtatelescopeandstartedshowingkidsaroundKenyawhatthestarslookedlikeupclose.Today,theirTravellingTelescopeprogramhasreached200,000kids.Itteacheskidsaboutspaceandrocketsonline,offeringworkshopson3Dmodelingandastronomytolocalschoolchildren.”（2014年，她和搭檔歐文先生買(mǎi)了一臺(tái)望遠(yuǎn)鏡，開(kāi)始向肯尼亞的孩子們展示星星的近景。如今，他們的旅行望遠(yuǎn)鏡項(xiàng)目已經(jīng)惠及20萬(wàn)名兒童。它在網(wǎng)上教授孩子們有關(guān)太空和火箭的知識(shí)，并為當(dāng)?shù)貙W(xué)童提供關(guān)于3D建模和天文學(xué)的講習(xí)班。）文章介紹了穆拉巴納夫人的旅行望遠(yuǎn)鏡計(jì)劃可以帶孩子們看星星、建造火箭，以及虛擬探索火星景觀，為孩子們打開(kāi)科學(xué)之門(mén)。所以本文主要是介紹了把星星帶給孩子們的教育項(xiàng)目。故選D。DAcoupleofweeksagomyparentscametovisitmeinthesouthwestofFranceduringmybreak.AsalittlesurpriseforthemIplannedatriptoasmallvillageinthePyreneesMountainscalledNiauxtoseethefamous“GrottedeNiaux”.Mydadtoldmesomanystoriesaboutthefamous“grottes”ofSouthernFrance:Lascaux,Font-de-GaumeandtheCaveofManycavesthatcontainprehistoricpaintingsarenolongeraccessibletothepublic.Thecarbondioxidethatwebreatheoutandtheharshartificiallightsquicklydegradethequalityofthepaintings,andformanycaves,nowvisitorscanonlyseereconstructionsoftheoriginalpaintings.However,Niauxisanexception.Bylimitingthenumberofpeopleallowedinthecaveatatimeandlimitingtheartificiallightsusedtolightthepaintings,thepaintingsinNiauxhavebeenwellprotectedsothatvisitorscanseetheoriginals.Theywereunbelievable!Wesawpaintingsofbison（北美野牛），mountaingoatsanddeercarvedonthewallsasthoughtheyhadbeendoneyesterday.Theywereactuallydrawnaround14,000yearsago!Manypeoplebelievethatthesepaintingsweredrawnaspartofanalmostreligiousritual(儀式），whileothersbelievetheyrepresentthelifeexperiencesofthemenandwomenwholivedinthesecavesmanyyearsago.Maybewewillneverknowforsurewhythepaintingsweredrawn,butonethingisforcertain-thosecavemenwerefarbetteratdrawingthanIam!12.Whydidtheauthor'sfathertellhimmanystoriesaboutthe“grottes”？ATheauthoraskedhimtodoso.B.Itwashisfather'sduty.C.Hisfatherwasinterestedinthem.D.Theyweren'tknowntotheauthor.13.Whatcanvisitorsonlyseeoftheoriginalpaintingsinmanycaves?A.Shadows. B.Copies.C.Models. D.Introductions.14.WhatmakesthepaintingsinNiauxunbelievable?A.Goodprotection. B.Greatskill.C.Goodquality. D.Darklight.15.Wecanknowfromthetextthat________.A.thiswasthesecondtimethattheauthor'sfatherhadvisitedNiaux.B.visitorsdon'tknowthematerialusedtodrawthepicturesinNiaux.C.onlythecarbondioxidepeoplebreatheoutdegradedthequalityofthepaintings.D.visitorsdon'tknowclearlywhythepaintingsweredrawn.【答案】12.C13.B14.A15.D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，主要講的是比利牛斯山脈的“尼奧洞穴”中的壁畫(huà)。【12題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段的“Mydadstudiedthesecaveswhenhewasacollegestudent,buthedidn'thavethechancetoseeonepersonally.（我爸爸在上大學(xué)的時(shí)候研究過(guò)這些洞穴，但他沒(méi)有機(jī)會(huì)親眼看到。）”可知，作者的爸爸上大學(xué)時(shí)研究過(guò)這些洞穴，因此應(yīng)該是對(duì)這些洞穴很感興趣，故選C。【13題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的“Thecarbondioxidethatwebreatheoutandtheharshartificiallightsquicklydegradethequalityofthepaintings,andformanycaves,nowvisitorscanonlyseereconstructionsoftheoriginalpaintings.（我們呼出的二氧化碳和刺眼的人造光迅速降低了壁畫(huà)的質(zhì)量，對(duì)于許多洞穴來(lái)說(shuō)，現(xiàn)在游客只能看到原始壁畫(huà)的重建。）”可知，游客只能在許多洞穴中看到原始繪畫(huà)的復(fù)制品，故選B。【14題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的“Bylimitingthenumberofpeopleallowedinthecaveatatimeandlimitingtheartificiallightsusedtolightthepaintings,thepaintingsinNiauxhavebeenwellprotectedsothatvisitorscanseetheoriginals.Theywereunbelievable!（通過(guò)限制每次允許進(jìn)入洞穴的人數(shù)，以及限制用于點(diǎn)亮壁畫(huà)的人工照明，Niaux的壁畫(huà)得到了很好的保護(hù)，這樣游客就可以看到原作。它們難以置信!）”可知，讓Niaux的繪畫(huà)令人難以置信的是它受到了良好的保護(hù)。故選A。【15題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段的“Maybewewillneverknowforsurewhythepaintingsweredrawn,butonethingisforcertain-thosecavemenwerefarbetteratdrawingthanIam!（也許我們永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)知道為什么畫(huà)這些畫(huà)，但有一件事是肯定的——那些穴居人在繪畫(huà)方面比我好得多!）”可知，從文本中我們可以知道，游客并不清楚為什么畫(huà)這些畫(huà)。故選D。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Sinksandmirrorsinbathroomscaneasilybecomedirty.____16____Whenwecleanourteeth,thetoothpastecanbeeasilyleftonmirrorsandsinks.____17____Thelongerthetoothpasteremains,thedrieritwillbecomeandtheharderitwillbetocleanit.Sooncethetoothpasteisleftonmirrorsorsinks,workoutwaystohandleit.Youcanprobablywipeitawaysimplywithaclothorapapertowelandplainwater.Ifthetoothpastehasbeensittingthereforawhile,firsttrytoremoveitwithapapertowel.Youcanthenapplyyourfavoritebathroomcleaningsupplies,Windex,orotherglassandsurfacecleaners.____18____Itcanbedangerousiftheyareusedtogether.Youshouldalwayswashonecleaningsupplyawaycompletelybeforeapplyinganother.Onceyouhaveappliedasolution(溶液)，allowittositforafewminutessothatthedeposits(沉積物)canbesoftened.____19____Formirrors,applythecleaningsolutiontoaclothandholditagainstthespotsonthemirrorforafewmoments.Forverystubbornspots,first,trycleaningtheareawithacottonswab(棉簽).You’11needtousesomestrength.Ifthecottonswabtechniquedoesn'twork,youcanscrape(刮擦)theareawithaplastictool,suchasaplasticpaintscraper.Butthesurfaceofmirrorsandsinkscaneasilygetdamagedbyhardthings.____20____A.Considerusingothercleaningsupplies.B.Butdon'tmixcleaningsupplies.C.Thenwashthemawaythoroughly.D.First,trytowashitawayusingwater.E.Sotakecarenottoscratchthesurface.F.Onecauseisrelatedtoactivitiesofbrushingteeth.G.Thebesttiponremovingtoothpasteistocleanitimmediately.【答案】16.F17.G18.B19.C20.E【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了浴室里的水槽和鏡子很容易弄臟。其中一個(gè)原因與刷牙活動(dòng)有關(guān)。當(dāng)我們清潔牙齒時(shí)，牙膏很容易留在鏡子和水槽上。文章具體描述了如何清除鏡子和水槽上的牙膏。【16題詳解】由上文“Sinksandmirrorsinbathroomscaneasilybecomedirty.”（浴室里的水槽和鏡子很容易弄臟。）說(shuō)明此處應(yīng)該敘述導(dǎo)致這個(gè)問(wèn)題的原因，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)“Onecauseisrelatedtoactivitiesofbrushingteeth.”（其中一個(gè)原因與刷牙活動(dòng)有關(guān)。）符合語(yǔ)境。故選F。【17題詳解】由下文“Thelongerthetoothpasteremains,thedrieritwillbecomeandtheharderitwillbetocleanit.”（牙膏殘留的時(shí)間越長(zhǎng)，它就會(huì)變得越干燥，也就越難清洗。）以及“Youcanprobablywipeitawaysimplywithaclothorapapertowelandplainwater.”（你可以簡(jiǎn)單地用布或紙巾和清水把它擦掉。）說(shuō)明此處應(yīng)該是本段中心句，表達(dá)處理牙膏殘留的方法——清水擦洗，G項(xiàng)“Thebesttiponremovingtoothpasteistocleanitimmediately.”（去除牙膏最好的方法是立即清洗。）符合語(yǔ)境。故選G。【18題詳解】由下文“Itcanbedangerousiftheyareusedtogether.Youshouldalwayswashonecleaningsupplyawaycompletelybeforeapplyinganother.”（如果它們一起使用，可能會(huì)很危險(xiǎn)。在使用另一種清潔劑之前，應(yīng)始終將一種清潔劑徹底沖洗干凈。）說(shuō)明此處應(yīng)該敘述不能混合洗潔劑，B項(xiàng)“Butdon'tmixcleaningsupplies.”（但不要混用清潔用品。）符合語(yǔ)境。故選B。【19題詳解】由上文“Onceyouhaveappliedasolution(溶液)，allowittositforafewminutessothatthedeposits(沉積物)canbesoftened.”（涂抹溶液后，讓其靜置幾分鐘，以使沉積物軟化。）說(shuō)明清潔牙膏殘留有技巧，先讓洗潔溶液靜置幾分鐘，軟化污垢后再清洗。C項(xiàng)“Thenwashthemawaythoroughly.”（然后把它們徹底洗掉。）符合語(yǔ)境。故選C。【20題詳解】有上文“Butthesurfaceofmirrorsandsinkscaneasilygetdamagedbyhardthings.”（但是鏡子和水槽的表面很容易被硬物損壞。）說(shuō)明不要輕易去把表面刮除，要小心。E項(xiàng)“Sotakecarenottoscratchthesurface.”（因此，注意不要刮傷表面。）符合語(yǔ)境。故選E。第三部分語(yǔ)言知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。MyOlympicdreambeganafewyearsafterIstartedskijumping.TheSochiGamesarethefirsttimewomenskijumpersare___21___tocompeteforgold.BeforethatmyOlympicdreamwasjustimpossible.SoIdearlywanteda(n)___22___onthishistoricteam.Butfirst,Ihadtoovercometheworstdayofmylife.FivemonthsbeforetheGames,anunimaginableamountof___23___overtookmeduringmytraining-myrightkneewasseverelybroken.Lyingthere,asenseofdespair___24___me,andIthoughtmydreamwasallover.Tomy___25___,mydoctortoldmethatitwasstill___26___tomakeittoSochi.Hesaidthat___27___anyonecouldcomebackintime,itwouldbeme.Itookhiswordstoheart,anddecidedIwouldn'tletanything___28___me.Theroadtomyfull___29___demandedhardwork.Icouldn't___30___howquicklymybodyhealed,butIcould___31___myselftoworkoutsandrehab（康復(fù)治療）.I___32___hoursandhoursatthegym.Despiteallthesweat,Iwas___33___abouttheoutcomeduetomyinjury.However,IwasallinbecauseIknewthatIhadtoworkhardsothatIcouldhavea___34___toprovemyself.___35___,myhardworkpaidoff.Ipassedthestrengthtestsandwasnamedtothe2014SochiOlympicteam.21.A.convinced B.allowed C.forced D.attracted22.A.place B.model C.bet D.advertisement23.A.interest B.excitement C.pain D.expectation24.A.seized B.helped C.comforted D.amused25.A.fear B.anger C.disappointment D.surprise26.A.difficult B.possible C.important D.necessary27.A.unless B.though C.if D.since28.A.test B.refuse C.stop D.blame29.A.competition B.challenge C.speed D.recovery30.A.control B.explain C.ignore D.accept31.A.owe B.devote C.admit D.commend32.A.waitedfor B.cutdown C.putin D.broughtin33.A.unsure B.hopeful C.crazy D.curious34.A.degree B.chance C.value D.choice35.A.Constantly B.Occasionally C.Definitely D.Fortunately【答案】21.B22.A23.C24.A25.D26.B27.C28.C29.D30.A31.B32.C33.A34.B35.D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文，主要講的是作者努力戰(zhàn)勝傷病的困擾，最終通過(guò)了體能測(cè)試，入選了2014年索契冬奧會(huì)代表隊(duì)。【21題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：索契冬奧會(huì)是第一次允許女子跳臺(tái)滑雪運(yùn)動(dòng)員爭(zhēng)奪金牌。A.convinced使信服；B.allowed允許；C.forced強(qiáng)迫；D.attracted吸引。由“womenskijumpersare____tocompeteforgold”可知，索契冬奧會(huì)是第一次允許女子跳臺(tái)滑雪運(yùn)動(dòng)員爭(zhēng)奪金牌。故選B。【22題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：所以我非常想加入這支歷史悠久的球隊(duì)。A.place地方；B.model模型；C.bet打賭；D.advertisement廣告。由“onthishistoricteam”可知，我希望加入這支歷史悠久的球隊(duì)，也就是想在這個(gè)球隊(duì)里占一席之地，因此空格處是“地方”。故選A。【23題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：奧運(yùn)會(huì)前5個(gè)月，在訓(xùn)練過(guò)程中，難以想象的疼痛折磨著我——我的右膝嚴(yán)重骨折。A.interest興趣；B.excitement興奮；C.pain疼痛；D.expectation期待。由后文的“myrightkneewasseverelybroken”可知，我被難以想象的疼痛折磨。故選C。【24題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：躺在那里，一種絕望的感覺(jué)攫住了我，我以為我的夢(mèng)已經(jīng)結(jié)束了。A.seized（感覺(jué)、疼痛）侵襲，控制；B.helped幫助；C.comforted安慰；D.amused逗樂(lè)。由下文的“Ithoughtmydreamwasallover”可知，我以為我的夢(mèng)已經(jīng)結(jié)束了，所以很絕望，因此是絕望的感覺(jué)控制了我。故選A。【25題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：令我驚訝的是，我的醫(yī)生告訴我，仍然有可能到達(dá)索契。A.fear害怕；B.anger生氣；C.disappointment失望；D.surprise驚訝。由后文的“tomakeittoSochi”可知，醫(yī)生覺(jué)得我仍然可能參加冬奧會(huì)，因此這是讓我驚訝的。故選D。【26題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：令我驚訝的是，我的醫(yī)生告訴我，仍然有可能到達(dá)索契。A.difficult困難的；B.possible可能的；C.important重要的；D.necessary需要的。由“itwasstill____tomakeittoSochi”可知，醫(yī)生告訴我，仍然有可能到達(dá)索契。故選B。【27題詳解】考查連詞詞義辨析。句意：他說(shuō)如果有人能及時(shí)恢復(fù)，那一定是我。A.unless除非；B.though雖然；C.if如果；D.since自從。由“anyonecouldcomebackintime,itwouldbeme”可知，此處表示“如果有人能及時(shí)恢復(fù)，那一定是我”，因此空格處是“如果”。故選C。【28題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我把他的話記在心里，決定不讓任何事情阻止我。A.test測(cè)試；B.refuse拒絕；C.stop阻止；D.blame責(zé)備。由上文的“Itookhiswordstoheart”可知，我把他的話記在心里，決定不讓任何事情阻止我。故選C。【29題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我的完全康復(fù)之路需要努力工作。A.competition比賽；B.challenge挑戰(zhàn)；C.speed速度；D.recovery康復(fù)。由后文的“demandedhardwork”可知，我的完全康復(fù)之路需要努力工作。故選D。【30題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我無(wú)法控制我的身體恢復(fù)得有多快，但我可以致力于鍛煉和康復(fù)。A.control控制；B.explain解釋?zhuān)籆.ignore忽視；D.accept接受。由“howquicklymybodyhealed”可知，我無(wú)法控制我的身體恢復(fù)得有多快。故選A。【31題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我無(wú)法控制我的身體恢復(fù)得有多快，但我可以致力于鍛煉和康復(fù)。A.owe欠；B.devote致力；C.admit承認(rèn)；D.commend贊揚(yáng)。由“myselftoworkoutsandrehab”可知，我無(wú)法控制我的身體恢復(fù)得有多快，但我可以致力于鍛煉和康復(fù)。故選B。【32題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)詞義辨析。句意：我在健身房花了好幾個(gè)小時(shí)。A.waitedfor等候；B.cutdown削減；C.putin放入；D.broughtin引進(jìn)。由后文的“hoursandhoursatthegym”可知，我在健身房花了好幾個(gè)小時(shí)。故選C。【33題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：盡管滿身是汗，但由于受傷，我不確定結(jié)果如何。A.unsure不確定的；B.hopeful有希望的；C.crazy瘋狂的；D.curious好奇的。由后文的“duetomyinjury”可知，盡管滿身是汗，但由于受傷，我不確定結(jié)果如何。故選A。【34題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，我全力投入，因?yàn)槲抑牢冶仨毰Γ@樣我才有機(jī)會(huì)證明自己。A.degree度，度數(shù)；B.chance機(jī)會(huì)；C.value價(jià)值；D.choice選擇。由“IhadtoworkhardsothatIcouldhavea____toprovemyself.”可知，我知道我必須努力，這樣我才有機(jī)會(huì)證明自己。故選B。【35題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：幸運(yùn)的是，我的努力得到了回報(bào)。A.Constantly不斷地；B.Occasionally偶爾；C.Definitely肯定地；D.Fortunately幸運(yùn)的是。由下文的“myhardworkpaidoff”可知，我的努力得到了回報(bào)，這是幸運(yùn)的。故選D。第二節(jié)(共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。AlbertEinstein,perhapsthegreatestscientistinmodernphysics,isoftenconsideredasoneof____36____smartestmenwhoeverlived.Hemadenumerous____37____(contribute)totheworld,themostwell-known____38____(be)thegeneraltheoryofrelativityandthefamousformulaE=mc2.Hewasnotonlyagenius,butalsoa____39____(courage)andkindperson.EinsteinwasborninGermanyon14March1879.He____40____(enter)universityin1896andgraduatedin1900.In1905,heearnedadoctorateinphysicsandpublishedfourextraordinaryphysicspapers.In1922,he____41____(award)theNobelPrizeforPhysicsforhisexplanationofthephotoelectriceffect.In1933,hewasforced____42____(flee)Germanyand____43____(eventual)tookupapositionasaresearcherattheInstituteforAdvancedStudyinPrinceton,AlthoughEinsteinwasagenius,hesometimes,forgotthings.Hewaslovedbyhisfriendsandneighborsforhishumor.Heevenmadefriendswithalittlegirl,____44____askedforhelpwithherhomework.In1955,Einsteinpassed____45____.Thewholeworldmournedthegreatlossofthescientist.Tillnow,Einsteinisrememberedandrespectedbythepublic.【答案】36.the37.contributions38.being39.courageous40.entered41.wasawarded42.toflee43.eventually44.who45.away【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文，主要介紹的是AlbertEinstein的生平和偉大成就。【36題詳解】考查定冠詞。句意：阿爾伯特·愛(ài)因斯坦，也許是現(xiàn)代物理學(xué)中最偉大的科學(xué)家，經(jīng)常被認(rèn)為是有史以來(lái)最聰明的人之一。smartest是最高級(jí)，前面需加定冠詞the，故填the。【37題詳解】考查名詞的復(fù)數(shù)。句意：他對(duì)世界做出了許多貢獻(xiàn)，其中最著名的是廣義相對(duì)論和著名的公式E=mc2。numerous后跟名詞的復(fù)數(shù)，contribute的名詞是contribution，意為“貢獻(xiàn)”，故填contributions。【38題詳解】考查現(xiàn)在分詞。句意：他對(duì)世界做出了許多貢獻(xiàn)，其中最著名的是廣義相對(duì)論和著名的公式E=mc2。分