銀川市·石嘴山市2025年普通高中學(xué)科教學(xué)質(zhì)量檢測英語(滿分150分，考試時(shí)間120分鐘)注意事項(xiàng)：1.答卷前，考生先將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)碼填寫清楚，將條形碼準(zhǔn)確粘貼在考生信息條形碼粘貼區(qū)。2.選擇題必須使用2B鉛筆填涂；非選擇題必須使用0.5毫米黑色字跡的簽字筆書寫，字體工整、筆跡清楚。3.請(qǐng)按照題號(hào)順序在答題卡各題目的答題區(qū)域內(nèi)作答，超出答題區(qū)域書寫的答案無效；在草稿紙、試卷上答題無效。4.保持卡面清潔，不要折疊，不要弄破、弄皺，不準(zhǔn)使用涂改液、修正帶、刮紙刀。5.本試卷共10頁。考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)(共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。例:Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.答案是C。1.Howdoesthewomansound?A.Annoyed.B.Amused.C.Surprised.2.Whatdoesthemanaskthewomantodo?A.Takehimtohospital.B.Gotoaclasswithhim.C.Submitareportforhim.3.Whatisthepossiblerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Colleagues.B.Teacherandstudent.C.Interviewerandinterviewee.4.Wheredoestheconversationmostprobablytakeplace?A.Inameetingroom.B.Onaplane.C.Atatravelagency.5.HowwillthespeakersgototheSportsComplex?A.Bybus.B.Bytaxi.C.Bysubway.第二節(jié)(共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whatisthemaintopicoftheconversation?A.Weather.B.Clothing.C.Dinner.7.Wheredothespeakersplantogo?A.Toahospital.B.Toarestaurant.C.ToTom's.聽第7段材料，回答第8至10題。8.Whatwillthewomandoafterwork?A.Workovertime.B.Gostraighthome.C.Dosomeshopping.9.Whatisthemangetting?A.Aboxoffruit.B.Somealcohol.C.Somesportsequipment.10.Whatdoweknowaboutthespeakers’kids?A.Theyareundertheageof21.B.They'llreturnhomeby5:00p.m.CThey'llpracticesoccerat6:00p.m.聽第8段材料，回答第11至13題。11Howdidthewomanknowaboutthehealthclub?AByhearingfromaclient.B.Byseeingadsonthewebsite.C.Byreceivingamembershipcard.12.Whatdoesthemanthinkofplayinggolf?A.Boring.B.Interesting.C.Difficult.13.Howmanydaysdothespeakersjogeachweek?A.Threedays.B.Fivedays.C.Sixdays.聽第9段材料，回答第14至17題。14.Howdidthewomanknowabouttheapartment?A.Fromafriend.B.Fromtheformerrenter.C.Fromanadvertisement.15.Whenwilltheapartmentbecleaned?A.Tomorrowmorning.B.Infivedays.C.Intendays.16.Whatdoesthemanthinkoftheapartment?A.Itisn'tfurnished.B.It'squiteconvenient.C.It'sinneedofrepair.17.Whatmayannoythewoman?A.Movinghouse.B.Somethingoftengoeswrong.C.Walkingalongwaytobuythings.聽第10段材料，回答第18至20題。18.Whatdoesthespeakerthinkisdifficult?A.Stayingonbudget.B.Creatingaprogram.C.Applyingforanaccount.19.Whatdoesthespeakersayaboutthemobilepayment?A.Itcausessometroubleforher.B.Itenjoysincreasingpopularity.C.It'sagreatwaytoincreasesavings.20.Whatisthespeaker'slastsuggestion?A.Stickingtothebudget.B.Keepingcashonhand.C.Reducingunnecessaryexpenses.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ADisney'sTheLionKing—themostbreathtakingWestEndmusicalNowplayingatLondon'sLyceumTheatre,thisDisney'sbelovedfilmwillredefineyourexpectationoftheatre.Usingmagicalpuppetry(木偶),costumesandsets,asplendidworldisbroughttolifeinoneofthemostimaginativeandbeautifulmusicalstoeverbestaged.FeaturingOscarwinningmusicbyEltonJohnandlyrics(歌詞)byTimRice,Disney'sTheLionKingisnottobemissed.TheshowhaswonsixTonyAwardsandmorethan70majorawards.ReviewsofDisney'sTheLionKing“Aroaringsuccess”—EveningStandard“Asfreshandsoul-stirringasever”—DailyTelegraph“Thereissimplynothingelselikeit”—TheNewYorkTimes★★★★☆A(yù)veragereviewscore☆ShowInformationPerformancedates:Bookingto19October2024Agerestrictions:Recommendedforchildrenaged7andover.Childrenundertheageof3willnotbeadmitted.Runningtime:2hours30minutesPerformancedays:Evenings:Tuesday,Wednesday,Thursday,Friday,SaturdayAfternoons:Wednesday,Saturday,SundayImportantNotesAgerestrictions:Childrenover3willbeadmitted,butiftheybecomerestless,theymaybeaskedtoleave.ThereisawallpresentbetweenStallsseatsZ17-23andZA15-23.VenueInformationLyceumTheatre,21WellingtonStreet,London,WC2E7RQNearestTubeorTrain:CharingCross(Northernline,Bakerlooline),CoventGarden(Piccadillyline)NearestBuses:6,9,11,13,15,23,77A,91,139,176TicketInformationBookticketstoDisney'sTheLionKingattheLyceumTheatre,LondonwithWestend-Theatre.com.YouwillbepurchasingofficialLondontheatreticketsfromanauthorizedmemberoftheSocietyofTicketAgents.1.WhatcanwelearnaboutDisney’sTheLionKing?A.IthaswonseveralOscars. B.Itishighlyratedamongviewers.C.Itscostumesandsetsareunique. D.ItsmusiciscomposedbyTimRice.2.Inwhichpartcanyouobtainthetransportinformationtothetheatre?A.ShowInformation. B.ImportantNotes.C.VenueInformation. D.TicketInformation.3.Wherecantheticketsbebooked?A.OntheofficialDisneywebsite. B.ThroughtheWestendTheatrewebsite.C.AttheLyceumTheatreticketoffice. D.FromtheSocietyofTicketAgents.【答案】1.B2.C3.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。介紹迪士尼音樂劇《獅子王》在倫敦萊斯特劇院的上演信息，包括評(píng)價(jià)、演出詳情、交通及購票途徑。【1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)ReviewsofDisney'sTheLionKing部分的內(nèi)容“‘Aroaringsuccess’—EveningStandard(‘巨大的成功’——《旗幟晚報(bào)》)”、“‘Asfreshandsoul-stirringasever’—DailyTelegraph(‘和以往一樣新鮮且震撼心靈’——《每日電訊報(bào)》)”、“‘Thereissimplynothingelselikeit’—TheNewYorkTimes(‘根本沒有其他類似的作品’——《紐約時(shí)報(bào)》)”以及“★★★★☆A(yù)veragereviewscore☆(平均評(píng)分為四星)”可知，觀眾對(duì)《獅子王》的評(píng)價(jià)很高。故選B項(xiàng)。【2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)VenueInformation部分的“NearestTubeorTrain:CharingCross(Northernline,Bakerlooline),CoventGarden(Piccadillyline)(最近的地鐵或火車：查令十字站（北線、貝克盧線），科文特花園站（皮卡迪利線）)”以及“NearestBuses:6,9,11,13,15,23,77A,91,139,176(最近的公交車：6路、9路、11路、13路、15路、23路、77A路、91路、139路、176路)”可知，在VenueInformation(場館信息)部分可以獲得前往劇院的交通信息。故選C項(xiàng)。【3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)TicketInformation部分的“BookticketstoDisney'sTheLionKingattheLyceumTheatre,LondonwithWestend-Theatre.com.YouwillbepurchasingofficialLondontheatreticketsfromanauthorizedmemberoftheSocietyofTicketAgents.(通過Westend-T預(yù)訂倫敦萊斯特劇院的迪士尼《獅子王》門票。你將從票務(wù)代理協(xié)會(huì)的授權(quán)成員處購買倫敦官方劇院門票。)”可知，可以通過WestendTheatre網(wǎng)站預(yù)訂門票。故選B項(xiàng)。BReportersrushedtofindRehanSujeewaStatonahandfulofyearsagowhennewsbrokethatasanitationworkerhadbeenacceptedtoHarvardLawSchool,Theirvariousversionsofaself-madeAmericansuccessstorywentviral.Now,asStatonpreparestograduate,hewantstomakeonethingcrystalclear:Itwasn’tjusthim,butthepeoplearoundhimthatmadeitallpossibleinverydirectandsometimessurprisingways.“Iworkedforatrashcompany,wheremyco-workerstoldmethatIshouldgotocollegeinstead.Ihadabosswholetmeleaveworkandgotoschool.IhadacousinwhohelpedmestudyfortheLawSchoolAdmissionTest.Mybrotherdroppedoutofcollegetohelpwiththefamilyfinance.Mydadsacrificedalotforme.Icouldkeepgoingdownthislist.Igotlucky,butImadethemostofmyluck,”hesaidFromearlyonStatonunderstoodtheinstabilityoflife.Heandhisbrotherwereraisedbytheirdad.Thefamilyofthreestruggledtomakeendsmeet.Afterhighschool,Statongotajobatatrashandrecyclingcompany.ItmotivatedhimtofindhiswaytotheUniversityofMarylandwhilecontinuingtowork.Statoncleanedgarbagecontainersandcollectedtrashfrom4a.m.until7a.m.,andafterthat,hewouldgotoclasses.ThedesireforabetterlifeforhimandhisfamilywasthemainreasonStatonappliedtolawschool.AtHarvardLawSchool,Statonfoundacommunityofprofessors,classmates,administratorsandstaffwhohelpedhimtogetthrough.Toshowhisgratitudetotheservicestaff,heraisedmoneytogive$100giftcertificatestoeachserviceworkerofHarvardLawSchoolandfounded“TheReciprocityEffect”tohonorothersuchworkersatuniversitiesandcorporateinstitutions.“Ididn’twanttochangeaftergoingtoLawSchool,”hesaid.“Theallureishuge.Iwenttoworkinfancyplaces.Imadecoolconnectionsandfriendships.ButIdon’twanttoforgetwhoIam.”4.WhatmadeStatonthefocusofreporters’attention?A.Hispopularityonsocialmedia. B.Hisjobasacleaner.C.HisadmissiontoHarvard. D.Hisdonationtoserviceworkers.5.WhatdoesStatonconsidervitaltohissuccess?A.Accesstoeducationalopportunities. B.Abitofluck.C.Academicenvironments. D.Assistancefromothers.6.WhydidStatonrefusetochangeafterattendingLawSchool?A.Hewasquitecontentwithhispresentlife.B.Hevaluedhispersonalconnectionsoversuccess.C.Hewantedtostaytruetohisrootsandvalues.D.Hewasnotreadytoletgoofhispastexperiences.7.Whatcanwelearnfromthestory?A.Arisingtideliftsallboats. B.Twoheadsarebetterthanone.C.Theearlybirdcatchestheworm. D.Agratefulheartisabeginningofgreatness.【答案】4.C5.D6.C7.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章通過講述RehanSujeewaStaton從環(huán)衛(wèi)工人到被哈佛大學(xué)法學(xué)院錄取并即將畢業(yè)的勵(lì)志故事，展現(xiàn)了他的個(gè)人經(jīng)歷、周圍人的幫助以及他對(duì)生活的態(tài)度和感恩之心。【4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“ReportersrushedtofindRehanSujeewaStatonahandfulofyearsagowhennewsbrokethatasanitationworkerhadbeenacceptedtoHarvardLawSchool.(幾年前，當(dāng)一則關(guān)于一名環(huán)衛(wèi)工人被哈佛大學(xué)法學(xué)院錄取的新聞傳出時(shí)，記者們紛紛涌向RehanSujeewaStaton。)”可知，RehanSujeewaStaton被哈佛大學(xué)錄取這一事件讓他成為了記者們關(guān)注的焦點(diǎn)。故選C。【5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Now,asStatonpreparestograduate,hewantstomakeonethingcrystalclear:Itwasn’tjusthim,butthepeoplearoundhimthatmadeitallpossibleinverydirectandsometimessurprisingways.(現(xiàn)在，在Staton即將畢業(yè)之際，他想澄清一件事：不僅僅是他自己，還有他周圍的人，他們以非常直接、有時(shí)甚至令人驚訝的方式，讓這一切成為可能)”可知，他認(rèn)為他人的幫助對(duì)他的成功至關(guān)重要。故選D。【6題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段““Ididn’twanttochangeaftergoingtoLawSchool,”hesaid.“Theallureishuge.Iwenttoworkinfancyplaces.Imadecoolconnectionsandfriendships.ButIdon’twanttoforgetwhoIam.”(“我不想在上完法學(xué)院后改變,”他說,“誘惑是巨大的。我去了高檔的地方工作。我建立了很棒的人脈和友誼。但我不想忘記自己是誰”)”可知，RehanSujeewaStaton不想改變是因?yàn)樗胫矣谧约旱某錾砗蛢r(jià)值觀，即他想保持自己的本色。故選C。【7題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Itwasn’tjusthim,butthepeoplearoundhimthatmadeitallpossibleinverydirectandsometimessurprisingways.(這一切的成功不僅僅是他個(gè)人的努力，他周圍的人們也以非常直接且有時(shí)令人驚訝的方式發(fā)揮了重要作用)”以及文章第四段“Toshowhisgratitudetotheservicestaff,heraisedmoneytogive$100giftcertificatestoeachserviceworkerofHarvardLawSchoolandfounded“TheReciprocityEffect”tohonorothersuchworkersatuniversitiesandcorporateinstitutions.(為了向服務(wù)人員表達(dá)感激之情，他籌集資金，為哈佛大學(xué)法學(xué)院的每位服務(wù)人員提供100美元的禮品卡，并創(chuàng)立了“互惠效應(yīng)”組織，以表彰其他大學(xué)和企業(yè)機(jī)構(gòu)中的此類工作人員)”可知，RehanSujeewaStaton的成功離不開他周圍人的幫助，并且他對(duì)這些幫助心懷感激，這體現(xiàn)了感恩的重要性，所以選項(xiàng)D“Agratefulheartisabeginningofgreatness(感恩的心是偉大事業(yè)的開端)”是文章想要表達(dá)的思想。故選D。CAstudyconductedbyBranchingMinds,aned-techcompany,foundthat60-70percentofstudentswhowereidentifiedasneedingadditionalsocial-emotionalsupportwerealsoidentifiedasneedingadditionalacademicsupport.Tounderstandthelinksbetweensocial-emotionallearning(SEL)andacademicoutcomes,thestudyanalyzedstudentscreeningassessmentsforsocial-emotionalskillsandreadingandmathperformanceofnearly4,000K-8studentsinthe2021—2022schoolyear.Thestudyshowssocial-emotionalskillsarepositivelycorrelatedwithstudents'readingandmathperformance.However,there’sstillagapinunderstandinghowthosepiecesofdatashouldbeintegratedandusedtogethertocreateinterventionplansforstudents.Thestudyalsofoundthatsocial-emotionalskillsmayactas“aprotectivefactor”forsomestudentsperformingbelowacademicstandards,meaningthatstudents’social-emotionalstrengthscouldbeusedtoboosttheiracademicachievement.Therefore,itwouldbebeneficialforeducatorstothinkaboutmoreintegratedsupportplansforstrugglingstudents.Forexample,ifstudentsstrugglingwithreadingareverysocial,“Howcanwebuildthatintoasupportplan,andperhapsmakethesetargetedorindividualizedreadingsupportgroupsmoresocialandplaytothatstrengththattheyhave?”askedEssieSutton,thedirectoroflearningscienceatBranchingMinds.“Perhapsthestudentscouldtakeontheroleofteachersandexplainsomethingtotheirpeersinordertohelpthempracticereadingcomprehension,aswellassocialskills,”Suttonadded.Thestudyrecommendedthatresultsfromacademic,social-emotional,andbehavioralscreenersshouldbeusedfordevelopinginterventionplansforstudents.“It’sreallyimportanttolookatstudents’strengthsandneedscomprehensively,”Suttonsaid.Toachievethis,districtandschoolleadersshouldensurethattheiracademic,behavioral,andsocial-emotionalsupportteamsworktogetherandthatallstakeholders—students,parents,andteachers—arepartoftheprocessofcreatinginterventionplans.8.HowdidBranchingMindsobtainthelinksbetweenstudents’academicperformancesandSELskills?A.Bygivingstudentstests. B.Byinterviewingstudents.C.Byconductingdataanalysis. D.Bycarryingoutexperiments.9.WhatcanweinferfromParagraphs3and4?A.Academicachievementiscriticaltointerventionplans.B.StudentswithstrongSELskillsmightdowellacademically.C.Thedatahavebeenintegratedintoeffectiveinterventionplans.D.There’salongwaytogobeforethedataareunderstood.10.WhatcouldbedoneforsociablestudentswithreadingproblemsaccordingtoSutton?A.Makingthemostoftheirsocialstrengths.B.Providingthemwithadditionalreadingmaterials.C.Organizingmorereadingsupportgroupsforthem.D.Encouragingthemtoconsulttheirpeersaboutreading.11.Whichofthefollowingisessentialfortheestablishmentofinterventionplans?A.Technology. B.Flexibility. C.Assessment. D.Cooperation.【答案】8.C9.B10.A11.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了一項(xiàng)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)社交情感學(xué)習(xí)與學(xué)業(yè)成績的關(guān)系。【8題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Tounderstandthelinksbetweensocial-emotionallearning(SEL)andacademicoutcomes,thestudyanalyzedstudentscreeningassessmentsforsocial-emotionalskillsandreadingandmathperformanceofnearly4,000K-8studentsinthe2021—2022schoolyear.(為了了解社交情感學(xué)習(xí)（SEL）與學(xué)業(yè)成績之間的聯(lián)系，該研究分析了2021-2022學(xué)年近4000K-8年級(jí)學(xué)生的社交情感技能以及閱讀和數(shù)學(xué)成績的篩查評(píng)估。)”可知，BranchingMinds是通過進(jìn)行數(shù)據(jù)分析來獲得學(xué)生學(xué)業(yè)成績和SEL技能之間的聯(lián)系的。故選C。【9題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Thestudyshowssocial-emotionalskillsarepositivelycorrelatedwithstudents'readingandmathperformance.(研究表明，社交情感技能與學(xué)生的閱讀和數(shù)學(xué)成績呈正相關(guān)。)”以及第四段“Thestudyalsofoundthatsocial-emotionalskillsmayactas“aprotectivefactor”forsomestudentsperformingbelowacademicstandards,meaningthatstudents’social-emotionalstrengthscouldbeusedtoboosttheiracademicachievement.(該研究還發(fā)現(xiàn)，社交情感技能可能對(duì)一些學(xué)業(yè)水平低于標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的學(xué)生起到“保護(hù)因素”的作用，這意味著學(xué)生的社交情感優(yōu)勢可以用來提高他們的學(xué)業(yè)成績。)”可推斷，具有較強(qiáng)SEL技能的學(xué)生在學(xué)業(yè)上可能表現(xiàn)良好。故選B。【10題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段“Forexample,ifstudentsstrugglingwithreadingareverysocial,“Howcanwebuildthatintoasupportplan,andperhapsmakethesetargetedorindividualizedreadingsupportgroupsmoresocialandplaytothatstrengththattheyhave?”askedEssieSutton,thedirectoroflearningscienceatBranchingMinds.“Perhapsthestudentscouldtakeontheroleofteachersandexplainsomethingtotheirpeersinordertohelpthempracticereadingcomprehension,aswellassocialskills,”Suttonadded.(例如，如果在閱讀方面有困難的學(xué)生非常善于社交，“我們?nèi)绾螌⑦@一點(diǎn)納入支持計(jì)劃中，也許可以讓這些有針對(duì)性的或個(gè)性化的閱讀支持小組更具社交性，并發(fā)揮他們所擁有的優(yōu)勢呢？”BranchingMinds的學(xué)習(xí)科學(xué)總監(jiān)埃西?薩頓問道。“也許學(xué)生們可以扮演老師的角色，向他們的同齡人解釋一些東西，以幫助他們練習(xí)閱讀理解以及社交技能，”薩頓補(bǔ)充道。)”可知，對(duì)于有閱讀問題的善于社交的學(xué)生，可以充分利用他們的社交優(yōu)勢。故選A。【11題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Toachievethis,districtandschoolleadersshouldensurethattheiracademic,behavioral,andsocial-emotionalsupportteamsworktogetherandthatallstakeholders—students,parents,andteachers—arepartoftheprocessofcreatinginterventionplans.(為了實(shí)現(xiàn)這一目標(biāo)，學(xué)區(qū)和學(xué)校領(lǐng)導(dǎo)應(yīng)確保他們的學(xué)業(yè)、行為和社交情感支持團(tuán)隊(duì)共同合作，并且所有利益相關(guān)者——學(xué)生、家長和教師——都參與到制定干預(yù)計(jì)劃的過程中。)”可知，合作對(duì)于制定干預(yù)計(jì)劃是至關(guān)重要的。故選D。DNaturaldisasterscanhaveasignificantimpactonthementalhealthofindividualsandtheircommunitiesatlarge.There’snodoubtthatseeinghomeswipedawayandcityinfrastructure(基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施)inamessrightafteradisasterwouldbeasevereblow.NewresearchbytheU.S.CentersforDiseaseControlandPrevention(CDC)showedthatsurvivorsofnaturaldisastersoftenexperienceworseningmentalhealtheffectmanymonthsoryearslater.Surprisingly,thefirstfewweeksafteranaturaldisastercanbeatimeofemotionalhighsforacommunity.Itincludesa“heroicphase”,whenpeoplewitnessandperformrescuesthatinspireasenseofaltruism(利他主義).That’sfollowedbythe“honeymoonphase”,duringwhichthearrivaloflargeamountsofassistanceencouragesoptimismandbondingwithinacommunity.However,thesupportgraduallydecreasesovertimeduetolimitedresourcesandlackofrecognitionofthelastingmentalhealthimpactofadisaster.That’swhencommunitiesenterthe“disillusionmentphase”.Recoveryworkershavepackedupandmovedon,andpeoplefeelabandoned.Manycommunitymembersbecomephysicallyexhaustedandsubstanceusedisorderssurfaceduringthisperiod,whichcanlastmonthsorevenyears.Andtriggerevents,liketheanniversaryofthedisaster,cancausedramaticincreasesinmentalhealthproblems.Thestudyindicatesthatemergencypreparednessplansshouldfindwaystoextendmentalhealthservicesthroughoutthelong-termrecoveryphase.“Focusingonpeoplewithlimitedfinancialresources,increasingthevisibilityofmentalhealthservicesduringanticipatedemotionallows,andsuicidepreventionstrategiesshouldbepriorities,”saidDrGarySmall,chairofpsychiatryatHackensackUniversityMedicalCenter.Regardlessofthestrategyused,providinglong-termmentalhealthsupportiscriticaltohelpingdisastervictimsgetbackontheirfeetandrecoverfromtrauma(創(chuàng)傷).It’sareminderthatthenaturaldisasterisn’tjustanenvironmentalconcern—it’samentalhealthissueaswell.12.Whatmainlycontributestothecommunity’shighspiritsafteranaturaldisaster?A.Reconstructionwork. B.Thankfulnessforsurviving.C.Rescueeffortsandsupport. D.Increasedcommunityparticipation.13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“disillusionment”inParagraph3mean?A.Disappointment. B.Confusion. C.Disbelief. D.Indifference.14.WhichgroupofpeoplemightbethecenterofattentionaccordingtoSmall?A.Theyoung. B.Thepoor. C.Thefemale. D.Thesick.15.Whatistheauthor’smainpurposeinwritingthetext?A.Topromotenaturaldisasterresponseplans.B.Tohighlighttheshortageofmentalhealthservices.C.Toemphasizethedamagingpowerofnaturaldisasters.D.Toadvocatelong-termpost-disastermentalhealthcare.【答案】12.C13.A14.B15.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了自然災(zāi)害對(duì)心理健康的長期影響，并通過研究建議延長心理健康服務(wù)至恢復(fù)階段。【12題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Surprisingly,thefirstfewweeksafteranaturaldisastercanbeatimeofemotionalhighsforacommunity.Itincludesa“heroicphase”,whenpeoplewitnessandperformrescuesthatinspireasenseofaltruism(利他主義).That’sfollowedbythe“honeymoonphase”,duringwhichthearrivaloflargeamountsofassistanceencouragesoptimismandbondingwithinacommunity.(令人驚訝的是，自然災(zāi)害發(fā)生后的最初幾周可能是一個(gè)社區(qū)情緒高漲的時(shí)期。它包括一個(gè)“英雄階段”，當(dāng)人們目睹并進(jìn)行救援時(shí)，激發(fā)了一種利他主義的感覺。接下來是“蜜月期”，在此期間，大量援助的到來鼓勵(lì)了社區(qū)內(nèi)的樂觀情緒和聯(lián)系)”可知，救援努力和外部支持是情緒高漲的主要原因。故選C。【13題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)劃線詞上文“However,thesupportgraduallydecreasesovertimeduetolimitedresourcesandlackofrecognitionofthelastingmentalhealthimpactofadisaster.(然而，由于資源有限和對(duì)災(zāi)害對(duì)心理健康的持久影響缺乏認(rèn)識(shí)，這種支持會(huì)隨著時(shí)間的推移而逐漸減少)”以及后文“Recoveryworkershavepackedupandmovedon,andpeoplefeelabandoned.Manycommunitymembersbecomephysicallyexhaustedandsubstanceusedisorderssurfaceduringthisperiod,whichcanlastmonthsorevenyears.Andtriggerevents,liketheanniversaryofthedisaster,cancausedramaticincreasesinmentalhealthproblems.(救援人員已經(jīng)收拾好行李，繼續(xù)前進(jìn)，人們感到被拋棄了。在此期間，許多社區(qū)成員變得身體疲憊，出現(xiàn)物質(zhì)使用障礙，這可能持續(xù)數(shù)月甚至數(shù)年。而觸發(fā)事件，比如災(zāi)難周年紀(jì)念，會(huì)導(dǎo)致心理健康問題急劇增加)”可知，隨著時(shí)間推移，支持越來越少以及救援人員的離開，讓人們感到被拋棄，導(dǎo)致心理健康問題，說明支持減少會(huì)導(dǎo)致失望階段。故劃線詞意思是“失望的”。故選A。【14題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段““Focusingonpeoplewithlimitedfinancialresources,increasingthevisibilityofmentalhealthservicesduringanticipatedemotionallows,andsuicidepreventionstrategiesshouldbepriorities,”saidDrGarySmall,chairofpsychiatryatHackensackUniversityMedicalCenter.(哈肯薩克大學(xué)醫(yī)學(xué)中心精神病學(xué)主席加里·斯莫爾博士說：‘應(yīng)該優(yōu)先關(guān)注經(jīng)濟(jì)資源有限的人，在預(yù)期的情緒低落期間提高精神衛(wèi)生服務(wù)的可見度，以及預(yù)防自殺的策略。’)”可知，根據(jù)斯莫爾的說法，窮人可能是關(guān)注的焦點(diǎn)。故選B。【15題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Regardlessofthestrategyused,providinglong-termmentalhealthsupportiscriticaltohelpingdisastervictimsgetbackontheirfeetandrecoverfromtrauma(創(chuàng)傷).It’sareminderthatthenaturaldisasterisn’tjustanenvironmentalconcern—it’samentalhealthissueaswell.(無論采用何種策略，提供長期的心理健康支持對(duì)于幫助災(zāi)民重新站起來并從創(chuàng)傷中恢復(fù)至關(guān)重要。這提醒人們，自然災(zāi)害不僅僅是環(huán)境問題，也是心理健康問題)”以及文章主要說明了自然災(zāi)害對(duì)心理健康的長期影響，并通過研究建議延長心理健康服務(wù)至恢復(fù)階段。可知，作者寫這篇文章的主要目的是提倡長期的災(zāi)后心理保健。故選D。第二節(jié)(共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Formostoftherecordedhistoryofbicycles,wearingahelmetwassomethingthatwaslimitedtoprofessionalsparticipatingincompetitions.___16___Nowadays,peoplearemoreawareoftheneedtomakereasonablepreparationstoenjoycyclingsafely.___17___Thefactisthatitisunsafetoengageinthissortofbehavior.Herearesomefactsthathelpexplainwhynooneshouldrideabicyclewithoutahelmet.Ahelmetcanprotecttheriderfromheadinjuries.Tensofthousandsofbikeridersareadmittedtoemergencyroomseveryyear.Inmostcases,theriderwasnotwearingabicyclehelmet.Thefactisthatridingbicyclewithoutahelmetislikeoperatingamotorvehiclewithoutwearingaseatbelt.___18___Thetypesofinjuriesrangefromsimplecutstomajordamagethatcausesswellingandpressureonthebrainandevendeath.___19___Inmanyinstances,accidentsinvolvingbikeridersalsoincludesomesortofmotorvehicle.Inacrashbetweenthetwodevices,theriderofthebicycleismuchmorelikelytosufferaseriousinjury.Helmetscushion(緩沖)theskullatthepointofimpact,minimizingthechancesofanytypeofpermanentdamagethatcouldresultinbraindamageorevendeath.Adultsshouldsetanexampleforteens,teachingthevalueofsafetybytheiractions.___20___Teensshouldalsobeengagedinsettingtheexampleforyoungerchildren.A.Thenahelmetmakesyourheadsafe.B.Unfortunately,noteveryoneappreciatesbicycling.C.Still,somepeoplecontinuetorideabicyclewithoutahelmet.D.Wearingahelmetyourselfwillencourageotherstodolikewise.E.Bicyclehelmetsaredesignedtohelpabsorbtheshockofacrash.F.Inbothcases,thereisanincreasedriskofbodilyharm,evenpermanentinjury.G.Untilthe1980s,amovementtoencouragetheuseofbicyclehelmetsamongallbikeridersarose.【答案】16.G17.C18.F19.E20.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了騎自行車需要戴頭盔的原因。【16題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Formostoftherecordedhistoryofbicycles,wearingahelmetwassomethingthatwaslimitedtoprofessionalsparticipatingincompetitions.(在有記錄的自行車歷史的大部分時(shí)間里，戴頭盔只限于參加比賽的專業(yè)人士)”可知，上文說在自行車歷史的大部分記錄中，戴頭盔僅限于參加比賽的專業(yè)人士。G項(xiàng)“Untilthe1980s,amovementtoencouragetheuseofbicyclehelmetsamongallbikeridersarose.(直到20世紀(jì)80年代，一場鼓勵(lì)所有騎自行車的人使用自行車頭盔的運(yùn)動(dòng)才興起)”與上文存在并列關(guān)系，符合語境，故選G項(xiàng)。【17題詳解】根據(jù)下文“Thefactisthatitisunsafetoengageinthissortofbehavior.(事實(shí)是，這種行為是不安全的)”中的“thissortofbehavior”可知，空處提到了一種騎車時(shí)不安全的行為——不帶頭盔。C項(xiàng)“Still,somepeoplecontinuetorideabicyclewithoutahelmet.(盡管如此，仍有一些人不戴頭盔繼續(xù)騎自行車)”符合語境，故選C項(xiàng)。【18題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Thefactisthatridingbicyclewithoutahelmetislikeoperatingamotorvehiclewithoutwearingaseatbelt.(事實(shí)是，不戴頭盔騎自行車就像不系安全帶駕駛機(jī)動(dòng)車一樣)”可知，上文講到不戴頭盔騎自行車就像不系安全帶駕駛機(jī)動(dòng)車一樣危險(xiǎn)。F項(xiàng)“Inbothcases,thereisanincreasedriskofbodilyharm,evenpermanentinjury.(在這兩種情況下，身體傷害的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)都會(huì)增加，甚至是永久性傷害)”符合語境，此句中的bothcases指代前一句中的騎自行車不戴頭盔與駕駛汽車不系安全帶這兩種情況。故選F項(xiàng)。【19題詳解】空格處位于段首,是本段的主題句。根據(jù)下文“Helmetscushion(緩沖)theskullatthepointofimpact,minimizingthechancesofanytypeofpermanentdamagethatcouldresultinbraindamageorevendeath.(在許多情況下，涉及自行車騎手的事故也包括某種機(jī)動(dòng)車輛。在兩個(gè)裝置之間發(fā)生碰撞時(shí)，自行車的騎車人更有可能受到嚴(yán)重傷害。頭盔緩沖墊撞擊點(diǎn)處的頭骨，最大限度地減少可能導(dǎo)致大腦損傷甚至死亡的任何類型的永久性損傷的機(jī)會(huì))”可知，本段主要介紹自行車頭盔的設(shè)計(jì)有助于緩沖碰撞的沖擊力。E項(xiàng)“Bicyclehelmetsaredesignedtohelpabsorbtheshockofacrash.(自行車頭盔的設(shè)計(jì)有助于吸收碰撞時(shí)的沖擊)”概括頭盔的作用，故選E項(xiàng)。【20題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Adultsshouldsetanexampleforteens,teachingthevalueofsafetybytheiractions.(成年人應(yīng)該為青少年樹立榜樣，通過他們的行動(dòng)來教導(dǎo)安全的價(jià)值)”可知，上文講到成年人應(yīng)該為青少年樹立榜樣。D項(xiàng)“Wearingahelmetyourselfwillencourageotherstodolikewise.(自己戴頭盔會(huì)鼓勵(lì)其他人也這樣做)”與上文存在解釋關(guān)系，符合語境，故選D項(xiàng)。第三部分語言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ClementSproutmovedtoUpstateNewYorkfromSouthAfrica.HegrewupinCapeTown,whereneighborswere___21___,sharingfoodandlaughter.These___22___stayedwithhimwhenhemovedtotheU.S.wherehemethiswife,Sarah.Theyeventually___23___inUpstateNewYork,dreamingofaclose-knitneighborhood.In2020,ClementandSarahboughtahouseonWhitneyDrive.___24___thestreetwasfulloffamilies,andyardsconnectedwithoneanother,therewasadistinctsenseofdistanceamongtheneighbors,asifa(n)___25___wallhadseparatedthem.Inspiredbyabookonbuildingstrongneighborhoods,Clementdecidedto___26___awelcomepartyfortheneighbors.Amonthaftermovingin,Clementmadefullpreparationsfortheparty.Hehopedneighborswould___27___,butastheminutestickedby,hefelt___28___.Whatifnoonecame?Whenhewasonthepointofgivingup,hisdaughters,OliviaandHolly___29___himinwaitingforguests.At6:10p.m.,acouplepushingababycarriage___30___.Clement’sheartlifted.___31___,moreneighborsfollowed.Bytheendoftheevening,twentypeoplecame.The___32___wasfilledwithwarmthandconnection.Clementrealizedthateveryonehadbeenlongingforthiskindof___33___.Thepartywasa___34___,andClementstartedaFacebookgrouptoorganizefuturegatherings.Clementlearnedthatacommunityisnota___35___place,butsomewherewherepeoplearewillingtotakethefirststepandlovetheirneighbors.21.A.optimistic B.warmhearted C.coldhearted D.pessimistic22.A.memories B.challenges C.stories D.duties23.A.equipped B.furnished C.fixed D.settled24.A.As B.If C.Since D.Although25.A.unreliable B.special C.invisible D.meaningful26.A.indicate B.host C.celebrate D.attend27.A.leavebehind B.pickup C.dropby D.comeacross28.A.anxious B.proud C.excited D.relieved29.A.arranged B.generated C.assisted D.joined30.A.instructed B.approached C.transformed D.supported31.A.Surprisingly