南京信息工程大學(xué) 試卷2019-2020學(xué)年第二學(xué)期基礎(chǔ)英語2課程試卷(A卷)本試卷共12頁；考試時間120分鐘；命題教師2019級基礎(chǔ)英語2全體教師；出卷時間2020年6月 學(xué)院 專業(yè)2019級級/六級 班學(xué) 試卷說明請考生務(wù)必在做題前仔細(xì)閱讀：8:55發(fā)試卷,120分鐘內(nèi)完成。全部考試結(jié)束。考生除考試必需的有效身份證明、鉛筆、圓珠筆或鋼筆、橡皮外,不得攜帶稿紙、書籍、手冊、手機、電子詞典等物品進(jìn)入考場,一經(jīng)發(fā)現(xiàn)按作弊處理。12（含本頁）,其中含答題紙（2）,請注意查收。應(yīng)將試題冊的所有題答案填寫在答題紙上,否則責(zé)任自負(fù)。2019-20202019-202020192期末試卷（2020628日）PagePagePAGE2of12PartI Writing (30minutes,15points)Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayaboutacoursethathasimpressedyoumostincollege．Youshouldstatethereasonsandwriteatleast120wordsbutnomorethan180words.PartIIListeningComprehension (30minutes,35points)SectionADirections:Inthissection,youwillhearthreenewsreports.Attheendofeachnewsreport,youwillheartwoorthreequestions.Boththenewsreportandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheetwithasinglelinethroughthecenter.Questions1and2arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard.A)satisfythecuriosityoftourists. B)replacetwooldstonebridges.enabletouriststovisitGoatIsland. D)improveutilityservicesinthestate.A)Countlesstreelimbs. B)Afewskeletons.Lotsofwreckedboatsandships. D)Millionsofcoinsonthebottom.Questions3and4arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard.A)ItsuspendeddiplomaticrelationswithLibya.IturgedtouriststoleaveTunisiaimmediately.ItshutdowntwobordercrossingswithLibya.ItlaunchedafierceattackagainstIslamicState.A)AdviseTunisianciviliansonhowtotakesafetyprecautions.downtheorganizationresponsiblefortheterroristattack.TrainqualifiedsecuritypersonnelfortheTunisiangovernment.DeviseamonitoringsystemontheTunisianborderwithLibya.Questions5to7arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard.A)Anenvironment-friendlybattery. B)Anenergy-savingmobilephone.C)Aplant-poweredmobilephonecharger. D)Adevicetohelpplantsabsorbsunlight.A)Whilesittingintheirschool'scourtyard. B)Whileplayinggamesontheirphones.C)Whilesolvingamathematicalproblem. D)Whiledoingachemicalexperiment.A)Itincreasestheapplicationsofmobilephones.B)Itspeedsuptheprocessofphotosynthesis.C)Itimprovesthereceptionofmobilephones.D)Itcollectstheenergyreleasedbyplants.SectionBDirections:Inthissection,youwillheartwolongconversations.Attheendofeachconversationyouwillhearfourquestions.Boththeconversationsandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheetwithasinglelinethroughthecentre.Questions8to11arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.A)Becausehecouldn’tgetanyaidfromhisparents.Becausehehadnootheroptions.Becausehelikedthecoursesitoffers.Becauseitistuition-free.A)Itsteachersworkonavoluntarybasis. B)Itisanonlinecoursewithnoteachers.C)Itusesmaterialspreparedbyitsteachers. D)Itisfundedbythegovernment.10.A)$10. B)$100. C)$15. D)$50.A)ComputerscienceComputerscienceandEnglish.BusinessadministrationandEnglish.Computerscienceandbusinessadministration.Questions12to15arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.A)Payingavisittorelatives. B)Meetingwithbusinesspartners.C)Goingthereforasightseeing. D)ClimbingMountain.A)Itcouldbecomequitefamousforitswildanimals.Itmightrunoutofdrinkablewatersoon.ItcouldwitnesstheextinctionofAfricanpenguins.Itmightfinditlessfrequentedbytourists.A)Itadministeredoperationstoincreaserainfall. B)Itlimitedthegrowthofthelocalpopulation.C)Itstartedgroundwatercollectionprojects. D)ItdiscouragedtouriststocometotheA)Itaffectsfarmorepeoplethanimagined.ItbecomesincreasinglyworseinIndia.Itdoestakethousandsofpeople’slivesinAfrica.Itboostsnewtechnologiesforwaterconservation.SectionCDirections:Inthissection,youwillhearthreepassages.Attheendofeachpassage,youwillhearthreeorfourquestions.Boththepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheetwithasinglelinethroughthecentre.Questions16to18arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.A)Becausedatingisillegal.Becauseboysandgirlsspendalltheirtimestudying.Becausegirlsarenotallowedtogooutwithboys.Becausemostmarriagesarearrangedbyparents.A)TheyarecommoninItalyandFinland.gatherforpartiesatahomeandsleepthere.Theyaredatingclubsforteenageboysandgirls.boysthatshouldinvitegirlstoslumberparities.A)Iran. B)C)Spain. D)Finland.Questions19to21arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.A)ThegrowingpopulationintheUS. B)Theworseningoftheglobalwarming.C)Theadvancesincoolingtechnologies. D)TheincreasingconsumptionofA)Operatingonlittleamountofelectricity. B)Beingmuchefficientincoolingabuilding.C)Bringingdownroomtemperaturequickly. D)Needingasmallspacetobeinstalled.A)BygettingthesystemspoweredbysolarByadoptingtheso-called“wind-free”technology.Byimprovingonconventionalairconditioningunits.Bymakinguseofsimpledevicescalledinverters.Questions22to25arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.22.A)Surprised.B)Angry.C)Frightened.D)Worried.23.A)Anger.B)Surprise.C)Dislike.D)Fear.A)arebetterthanmenatrecognizingfacialexpressions.Adultsarebetterthanchildrenatrecognizingfacialexpressions.Olderpeoplearebetterthanyoungerpeopleatrecognizingfacialexpressions.AmericansarebetterthanChineseatrecognizingfacialexpressions.A)andfeelings. B)gesturesandfeelings.C)Gesturesandfeelings. D)Cultureandunderstanding.PartIIIReadingComprehension (30minutes,35points)SectionADirections:Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.aretoselectonewordforeachblankalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.EachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaPleasemarkthecorrespondingletterforeachitemonAnswerSheetwithasinglelinethroughthecentre.maynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.Questions26to35arebasedonthefollowingpassage.OneinfiveUSworkersregularlyattendsafter-workdrinkswithco-workers,wherethemostcommon(26) rangefrombad-mouthing(說……的壞話)anotherworkertokissingacolleagueanddrinkingtoomuch,accordingtoastudy(27) onMostworkersattendso-calledhappyhoursto(28) withcolleagues,although15percentgotohearthelatestofficegossipand13percentgobecausetheyfeelobligated,saidthesurveyconductedforCareerB,anonlinejobsite.Astowhathappenswhentheafter-workdrinks16percentreportedbad-mouthingacolleague,10percentsharedasecretaboutacolleague,8percentkissedacolleagueand8percentsaidtheydranktoomuchandacted(29) .5percentsaidtheyhadsharedasecretaboutthecompany,and4percent(30) tosingingkaraoke.While21percentofthosewhoattendsayhappyhoursaregoodfor(31) ,85percentattendinghadnothelpedthemget(32) tosomeonehigheruporgetabetterposition.Anequalnumberofmenandwomensaidtheyattendhappyhourswithco-workers,withyoungerworkersaged25to34mostlikelyandworkersover55least(33) toattend.Overall,21percentofworkersattendhappyhourswithco-workersand,ofthose,(34) aquartergoatleastonceamonth.Thesurveywas(35) onlinebyHarrisInteractiveonbehalfofCareerBamong6,987full-timeemployees.A)confessedB)anywhereC)networkingD)mishapsE)obligatedF)researchedG)conductedH)idlyI)likelyJ)unprofessionallyK)bondL)nearlyM)speciallyN)acknowledgedO)releasedSectionBDirections:Inthissection,youaregoingtoreadapassagewithtenstatementsattachedtoit.Eachstatementcontainsinformationgiveninoneoftheparagraphs.Identifytheparagraphfromwhichtheinformationisderived.Youmaychooseaparagraphmorethanonce.Eachparagraphismarkedwithaletter.AnswerthequestionsbymarkingthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet.DoIn-ClassExamsMakeStudentsStudyHarder?Ihavealwaysbeenapoortest-taker.SoitmayseemratherstrangethatIhavereturnedtocollegetofinishthedegreeIleftundonesomefourdecadesago.IammakingmywaythroughColumbiaUniversity,surroundedbystudentswhoquicklysupplytheverbalanswerwhileIamstillprocessingthequestion.Sincethereisnowayformetoavoidexams,Iamcurrentlyquestioningwhatkindarethemosttaxingandultimatelybeneficial.Ihavealreadysweatedthroughnumerousin-classmidtermsandfinals,andnowIhaveaprofessorwhoissuestake-homeones.IwasexcitedwhenIlearnedthis,figuringIhadafullweektodotheresearch,readthetexts,andwriteitallup.Infact,Iwasstillrewritingmymidtermthemorningitwasdue.sayIhadlostthethreadisputtingitmildly.AsIwassufferingthroughmyweekofanxiety,overthinkingthematerialandguessingmygraspofit,Ididsomeofmyownpollingamongstudentsandprofessors.DavidEisenbach,whoteachesapopularclassonU.S.presidentsatColumbia,prefersthein-classvariety.Hebelievesstudentsultimatelylearnmoreandencouragesthemtoformstudygroups."Thatwaytheysocializeoverhistoryoutsidetheclass,whichwouldn’thappenwithoutthepressureofanin-classexam,"heexplained."Furthermore,in-classexamsforcestudentstolearnhowtoperformunderpressure,anessentialworkskill."Healsosaysthereislesschanceofcheatingwiththein-classvariety.In2012,125studentsatHarvardwerecaughtupinascandalwhenitwasdiscoveredtheyhadcheatedonatake-homeexamforaclassentitled"IntroductionCongress."Somecollegeshavewhattheycallan"honorcode,"thoughifyouaresmartenoughtogetintotheseschools,youareeithersmartenoughtogetaroundanycodesorhopefully,tooethicaltoconsiderdoingso.AsIsatblockedandcluelessfortwosoliddays,ImomentarilywonderedifIcouldn’tjustcallanexpertonthesubjectmatterwhichIwastackling,orsomeonewhotooktheclasspreviously,togetmegoing.FollowingtheHarvardscandal,MaryMiller,theformerdeanofstudentsatmadeanimpassionedappealtoherschool’sprofessorstorefrainfromtake-homeexams."Studentsriskhealthandwellbeing,aswellasperformanceinotherend-of-termwork,whenfacultyofferstake-homeexamswithoutclear,time-limitedboundaries,"shetoldme."Researchnowshowsthatregularquizzes,shortessays,andotherassignmentsoverthecourseofatermbetterenhancelearningandretention."Mostcollegeprofessorsagreethekindofexamtheychooselargelydependsonthesubject.Aquantitative-basedone,forexample,isunlikelytobesenthome,whereonecouldasktheirolderbrothersandsisterstohelp.classes,suchascomputerscienceorjournalism,ontheotherhand,areoftenmoreresearch-orientedandlendthemselvestotake-hometesting.ChrisKoch,whoteaches"HistoryofBroadcastJournalism"atMontgomeryCommunityCollegeinRockville,Maryland,pointsoutthatreportingisaboutinvestigationratherthanthememorizationofminutedetails."Inmyfield,notwhatyouknow-it’swhatyouknowhowtofindout,"saysKoch."Thereiswaytoomuchinformation,andmorecomingallthetime,foranyonetoremember.Iwantmystudentstosearchouttheanswerstoquestionsbyusingalltheresourcesavailabletothem."Students’test-formpreferencestoo,oftendependingonthesubjectandcoursedifficulty."Iprefertake-homeessaysbecauseitisthenreallyaboutthewriting,soyouhavetimetoeditanddomoreresearch,"saysElizabethDresser,ajunioratBarnard.Thenthereisthestressfactor.FrancescaHaass,asenioratMiddlebury,says,"Ifindthein-classonesaremorestressfulintheshortterm,butthereisimmediatereliefasyouswallowinformationlikemad,andthenyougettoforgetitall.Take-homesrequirethoughtfulengagementwhichcanleadtolongertermstressasthereisneveramomentwhenthetimeisup."Meanwhile,OliviaRubin,asophomoreatsaysshehardlyevenconsiderstake-homestrueexams."Ifyouunderstandthematerialandhavetheabilitytoarticulate說出yourthoughts,theyshouldbeabreeze."Howstudentsultimatelyhandletestsmaydependontheirpersonaltest-takingabilities.Therearepeoplewhoalwayswaituntilthelastminute,andmakeitmuchharderthanitneedstobe.Andthentherearethosewho,notknowingwhatquestionsarecomingatthem,andhavingnoresourcestoreferto,canfreeze.Andthentherearewerarefolkswhofitboththosedescriptions.myadvancedagemustfactorintotheequation(等式),inpartbecauseofmyinabilitytoaccesstheinformationasquickly.AsanotherreturningstudentatColumbia,KateMarber,toldmearelearningnotonlyallthisinformation,butessentiallyhowtoleanagain.Ourfellowstudentshavejustcomeoutofhighschool.Alothaschangedsincewewerelastinschool."Ifnothingelse,thesituationhasgivenmycollegesonandmesomethingtoshare.WhenIaskedhisopiniononthismatter,heresponded,"Ilikein-classexamsbecausethetimeisalreadyreserved,asopposedtousingmyfreetimeathometoworkonatest,"heresponded.Itseemstomethatacompromisewouldbereceivingtheexamquestionsadayortwoinadvance,andthendoingtheactualtestinclasswiththetickingclockoverhead.Betteryet,howaboutwhatoneHunterCollegeprofessorreportedlydidrecentlyforherfinalexam:Sheencouragedtheclassnottostressorevenstudy,promisingthat,"Itisgoingtobeapieceofcake."Whenthestudentscamein,sharpenedpencilsinhand,therewasnotabluebookinsight.Rather,theysawalargechocolatecakeandtheyeachweregivenaslice.Elderlystudentsfindithardtokeepupwiththerapidchangesineducation.Somebelievetake-homeexamsmayaffectstudents’performanceinothercourses.Certainprofessorsbelievein-classexamsareultimatelymorehelpfultostudents.In-classexamsarebelievedtodiscouragecheatinginexams.Theauthorwashappytolearnshecoulddosomeexamsathome.Studentswhoputofftheirworkuntilthelastmomentoftenfindtheexamsmoredifficultthantheyactuallyare.Differentstudentsmaypreferdifferenttypesofexams.Mostprofessorsagreewhethertogiveanin-classoratake-homeexamdependsonthetypeofcoursebeingtaught.Theauthordroppedoutofcollegesomefortyyearsago.Somestudentsthinktake-homeexamswilleatuptheirfreetime.SectionCDirections:Therearetwopassagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheetwithasinglelinethroughthecenter.PassageOneQuestions46to50arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Ithappenstoeverymedicalstudentsoonerorlater.Yougetacoughthatpersistsforawhile.Ordinarily,youwouldjustignoreit--butnow,armedwithyourrapidlygrowingmedicalknowledge,youcan’thelpworrying.Thecoughcouldmeanjustacold,butitcouldalsobeasignoflungcancer.Fordoctorsintraining,nursesandmedicaljournalists,hypochondriaisanoccupationaldanger.Thefeelingusuallypassesafterawhile,leavingonlyafunnystorytotellatadinnerButforthetensofthousandswhosufferfromtruehypochondriatheyliveinconstantterrorthattheyaredyingofsomeawfuldisease,orevenseveralawfuldiseasesatonce.Doctorscanassurethemthatnothingwrong,butsincethecoughisreal,theassurancesfallondeafears.Andbecausenophysicianortestcanoffera100%guaranteethatonedoesn’thavecancer,ahypochondriacalwayshasfueltofeedIris.orherworstfears.Hypochondriacsdon’tharmjustthemselves;theyblockthewholehealthcaresystem.Althoughtheyaccountforonlyabout6%ofthepatientswhovisitdoctorseveryyear,theytendtoburdentheirphysicianswithfrequentvisitsthattakeupexcessiveamountsoftime.Andtheproblemmaybeworse,thankstothepopularityofmedicalinformationontheInternet.Theygoontheandlearnaboutnewdiseasesandnewpresentationsofolddiseasesthattheyneverevenknewaboutbefore.Doctorshavetakentocallingthisphenomenoncyberchondria(網(wǎng)絡(luò)疑病癥).Accordingtothepassage,ifyousufferfromhypochondria, .youmustbeamedicalstudent,oramedicalworkeryouarehauntedbyapossiblyinexistentdiseaseyouwillnevergetridofthisdiseaseyoualwaystellfunnystoriesatdinnerpartiesWhichofthefollowingbestsummarizesthemainideaofthepassage?Hypochondriahappenstoeverybodysoonerorneedn’tworryabouthypochondriasinceitisnotdangerousatall.Hypochondriaoriginatesfromtoomuchknowledgeofmedicine.Notonlyindividualsbutalsothehealthcaresystemmightbedisturbedbyunnecessaryterrors.Whycan’tdoctorsconvincethesuffersthatthereisnothingwrong?Becausethedoctorscan’tcuretheminordiseasesBecausethedoctorsdon’tassurethemofthatBecausethesufferersaredeafandcannothearwhatthedoctorssayBecauselackofabsoluteguaranteemakesthepatientsdoubtfulTheproblembecomesworsedueto theincreasingnumberofpatientsthewidespreadmedicalknowledgeontheInternetthepatients’regularvisitstodoctorsthatoccupytoomuchtimenewdiseasesandsymptomsemergeconstantlyWhatdoestheauthormostprobablythinkabouthypochondria?TheauthorconsidersthathypochondriaisanincurablediseaseTheauthorthinksthattheconsequencesofhypochondriamightbedisastrousTheauthorsuggeststhatthepatientswhohavehypochondriashouldsettheirheartsatrestTheauthorsympathizeswiththepatientswhosufferfromhypochondriaPassageTwoQuestions51to55arebasedonthefollowingpassage.NobodyreallyknowshowbigLagosis.indisputableisthatgrowingveryquickly.Betweennowand2050,theurbanpopulationofAfricacouldtriple.citiesinsub-SaharanAfricaarenotgettingricherthewaycitiesintherestoftheworldhave.MosturbanAfricansliveinslums(貧民窟);migrantsareoftennotmuchbetteroffthantheywereinthecountrysideWhy?Theimmediateproblemispoverty.MostofAfricaisurbanisingatalowerlevelofincomethanotherregionsoftheworlddid.Thatmeansthere’slittlemoneyaroundforinvestmentthatwouldmakecitiesliveableandmoreproductive.Withoutupgradesandnewcapacity,bridges,roadsandpowersystemsareunabletocopewithexpandingpopulations.WiththeexceptionofSouthAfrica,theonlylightrailmetrosysteminsub-SaharanAfricaisinAddisAbaba,Ethiopia.Trafficjamleadstoexpenseandunpredictability,thingsthatkeepinvestorsaway.Inotherpartsoftheworld,increasingagriculturalproductivityandindustrialisationwenttogether.Moreproductivefarmersmeanttherewasasurplusthatcouldfeedcities;inturn,thatcreatedapooloflabourforfactories.ButAfricancitiesaredifferent.Theyaretoooftenbuiltaroundconsumingnaturalresources.Governmentisconcentratedincapitals,soisthemoney.MosturbanAfricansworkforasmallminorityoftherich,whotendtobeinvolvedineithercronyish(有裙帶關(guān)系的)businessesorpolitics.SinceAfricanagricultureisstillbroadlyunproductive,foodisimported,consumingaportionofrevenue.Sowhatcanbedone?ThoughAfricancountriesarepoor,notallAfricancitiesare.InLagos,foreignoilworkerscanpayasmuchas$65,000peryearinrentforamodestapartmentinasafepartoftown.Ifthatincomewerebettertaxed,itmightprovidetherevenueforbetterinfrastructure.Ifcityleadersweremoreaccountabletotheirresidents,theymightfavourprojectsdesignedtohelpthemmore.evenasnewroadsarebuilt,newpeoplearrive.Whenapopulationgrowsby5%ayear,itisdifficulttokeepup.Whatdowelearnfromthepassageaboutcitiesinsub-SaharanAfrica?Theyhavemoreslumsthanothercitiesintheworld.Theyaregrowingfastwithoutbecomingricher.Theyareasmodernisedasmanycitieselsewhere.Theyattractmigrantswhowanttobebetteroff.Whatdoestheauthorimplyabouturbanisationinotherpartsoftheworld?Itbenefitedfromthecontributionofimmigrants.Itstartedwhenpeople’sincomewasrelativelyhigh.Itbenefitedfromtheacceleratedriseinproductivity.Itstartedwiththeimprovementofpeople’slivelihood.Whyissub-SaharanAfricaunappealingtoinvestors?Itlacksadequatetransportfacilities. B)Thelivingexpensestherearetoohigh.C)Itisonthewholetoodenselypopulated. D)Thelocalgovernmentsarecorrupted.InwhatwaydoestheauthorsayAfricancitiesaredifferent?Theyhaveattractedhugenumbersoffarmlabourers.TheystillrelyheavilyonagriculturalproductivityTheyhavedevelopedattheexpenseofnature.Theydependfarmoreonforeigninvestment.WhatmightbeasolutiontotheproblemsfacingAfricancities?Loweringofapartmentrent. B)Bettereducationfo