專題05.形容詞、副詞精講考點導圖知識1形容詞的用法及詞義辨析一、定義及位置1．定義說明人或事物的特征、性質或狀態，常用來修飾名詞或復合不定代詞的詞叫形容詞。2．位置（1）作定語，一般放在名詞之前，復合不定代詞之后。如：Theprettygirlismysister.這個漂亮的女孩是我妹妹。Tellmesomethinginteresting.給我說一些有趣的事。（2）作表語，放在系動詞之后。如：Helookshappy.他看起來很開心。注意有少數形容詞只能作表語，如alone,afraid,asleep,awake,alive,well(健康的)等。（3）作賓語補足語，放在賓語之后，常與make、leave、keep等動詞連用。如：Youmustkeepyoureyesclosed.你必須閉著眼睛。二、-ing形容詞和-ed形容詞重點-ing形容詞表示主動意義，多指事物對人的影響，一般修飾事物。-ed形容詞表示被動意義，多指人對事物的感受，一般修飾或形容人，常用于“sb.＋系動詞＋-ed形容詞＋介詞”結構。-ing形容詞-ed形容詞例句interesting有趣的interested感興趣的Ihaveanbook.我有一本有趣的書。Heisinscience.他對科學感興趣。boring令人厭煩的bored感覺無聊的Ifindthismovietotally.我覺得這部電影無聊透頂。Itwasacold,rainydayandthekidswere.那是個寒冷的下雨天，孩子們覺得無聊。exciting激動人心的excited激動的Haveyouheardofthenews？你聽說這個激動人心的消息了嗎？Weareaboutthetraveling.我們對這次旅行感到很興奮。disappointing令人失望的disappointed感到失望的Itisatrip.這是一次令人失望的旅行。Wewereattheresult.我們對結果感到失望。surprising令人驚訝的surprised驚訝的Thisisastory.這是一個令人驚訝的故事。Iamatthenews.我對這個消息感到驚訝。moving令人感動的moved受感動的Titanicisafilm.《泰坦尼克號》是一部感人的電影。Wearedeeply.我們深受感動。satisfying令人滿意／滿足的satisfied感到滿意／滿足的Thisisaresult.這是一個令人滿意的結果。Areyouwiththenewdesign？你對這個新設計滿意嗎？tiring令人疲倦的tired疲倦的It’salongday.這是漫長而令人疲倦的一天。I'mtoo.我太疲倦了。知識2副詞的用法及詞義辨析一、定義及分類1．定義副詞是指在句子中表示行為或狀態特征的詞，用以修飾動詞、形容詞、其他副詞或全句，表示時間、地點、程度、方式等概念。類型典型詞匯用法頻度副詞always（總是）、usually（通常）、often（時常）、sometimes（有時）、seldom（很少）、hardly（幾乎不）、never（從不）（頻率從高到低）表示動作發生的頻率方式副詞quickly、happily、loudly、suddenly、luckily、badly、easily、fast等表示動作的行為方式程度副詞very、quite、rather、too、much、so等表示動詞、形容詞或另一個副詞的強度或程度，通常放在其修飾的詞前時間副詞now、then、today、tomorrow、yesterday、before、ago、soon、lately等表示動作發生的時間，是確定句子時態的重要標志地點副詞outside、inside、upstairs、here、there、home、near、away、in、back、off、up、anywhere等表示動作發生的地點或位置關系疑問副詞（詞組）when、where、why、how、howlong、howsoon、howoften,howfar等用于構成特殊疑問句二、常見副詞（短語）詞義辨析1.howlong、howsoon、howoften、howfar重點易混短語用法例句howlong-HowlonghaveyoubeeninChina?-Forthreemonths.-Howlongisthisriver?-It'sabout3,000km.howsoon-Howsoonwillhecomeback?-Infiveminutes.howoften-Howoftendoyouvisityourgrand-parents?-Onceaweek.howfar-Howfarisitfromyourhometoyourschool?-About5minutes'busride/twokilometers.2．hard和hardly易混詞用法例句hardWeshouldstudyhard.我們應該努力學習。Itwasraininghardwhenwesetoff.我們出發時正下著大雨。hardlyWehardlyknoweachother.我們彼此還不大認識。3．too、enough和so易混詞用法例句tooThemanistoooldtolookafterhimself.這個人年紀太大了，不能照顧他自己。enoughTheboyrunsfastenoughtowinthegame.這個男孩跑得足夠快，能贏得這次比賽。soThecameraissoexpensivethatIcan'taffordit.這個照相機太貴了以至于我買不起。4．其他常考副詞abroad在國外almost幾乎alone獨自carefully小心地especially尤其exactly確切地finally最后，終于instead替代nearly幾乎once曾經，一次probably大概simply僅僅properly合適地recently最近directly直接地however然而besides此外，而且suddenly突然right正好，恰好，直接地知識3形容詞和副詞的比較等級一、形容詞和副詞比較等級的構成1．規則變化類別構成方法原級比較級最高級單音節詞和少數雙音節詞一般直接加-er，-estlongtallhard以字母e結尾的詞，在詞尾加-r，-stlatelarge以“輔音字母＋y”結尾的雙音節詞，把y變成i，再加-er，-esteasyhappyearly重讀閉音節詞詞尾只有一個輔音字母時，雙寫該輔音字母，再加-er,-estbighot多音節詞和部分雙音節詞在詞前加more或mostcarefulbeautifulcarefully2．不規則變化原級比較級最高級good/wellbad/badlymany/muchlittlefar注意less和least也可用來構成比較級和最高級，表示“較／最不······”，如selfish→lessselfish→leastselfish。二．形容詞和副詞比較等級的主要結構比較級常用結構結構含義例句比較級＋than比·····更TheweatherhereisthatinYunnan.這里的天氣比云南的更熱。Tomishard-working.Iworkhim.湯姆工作努力，我比他工作更加努力。比較級+and+比較級越來越It'sgettinginspring.春天天氣變得越來越暖和。the＋比較級...，the＋比較級...越····，就越······youreadEnglish,youwillbeatit.你讀英語讀得越多，你就會越擅長英語。Which/What/Who...＋比較級，AorB？哪一個／什么／誰更·····，A還是B？Whoplaystennis,MikeorSam？誰網球打得更好，邁克還是薩姆？“much/alot/far;even;alittle／abit＋比較級”，用于加強語氣······得多；甚至更······;更······一點High-speedtrainsrunthannormaltrains.高鐵比普通列車行駛得快得多。the＋比較級＋ofthetwo...兩者中較······的那一個Anneistheofthetwogirls.安妮是這兩個女孩中較高的那個。2.最高級常用結構結構含義例句the＋最高級（＋單數名詞）+in/of.........中最······的Jimisthe(student)inhisclass.吉姆是班上最高的。Ijump(the)ofallthestudentsinourclass.我是我們班跳得最遠的。oneofthe＋形容詞最高級＋可數名詞復數＋in/of...最······的·····之一BeijingisoneoftheinChina.北京是中國最古老的城市之一。the＋序數詞＋形容詞最高級第幾最······TheYellowRiverisriverinChina.黃河是中國第二長河。3.表示兩者在某一方面相同或一方在某方面不如另一方時，用“as+形容詞或副詞原級＋as”或“notas／so＋形容詞或副詞原級＋as”來表達。如：Ithinkscienceisasimportantasmath.我認為科學同數學一樣重要。TomrunsasfastasJack.湯姆跑得和杰克一樣快。Ican'ttypeas/sofastasmybrother.我打字不如我弟弟快。知識4形容詞和副詞構詞法重點一、加詞綴構成的形容詞1．名詞／動詞變形容詞的常見后綴后綴意義例詞-y充滿······的、多······的有······的cloud-cloudywind-windyluck-lucky-ern······方位的、朝······方向的west-westerneast-eastern-ly······般的、每······的friend-friendlymother-motherlyweek-weeklymonth-monthly-en······材質的wood-woodengold-golden-al有······性質的education-educational-ful充滿······的、具有······特點的care-carefulpeace-peaceful-less無······的hope-hopeless-ous具有······的danger-dangerous-ant/-ent是······的importance-importantdiffer-different-an與······有關的、屬于······的Asia-AsianAmerica-American-able可······的enjoy-enjoyable-ive與······有關的、有·····性質／傾向的produce-productivecreate-creative形容詞常見的否定前綴否定前綴例詞un-lucky-unluckyhealthy-unhealthyin-correct-incorrectexpensive-inexpensiveim-polite-impolitepossible-impossible二、形容詞變副詞類別構成方法例詞一般情況直接加-lyquick-quicklycorrect-correctly輔音字母＋y結尾把y變i，再加-lyeasy-easilyhappy-happilyle結尾去e，加ypossible-possiblyprobable-probablyll結尾只加yfull-fully其他情況true-truly（真誠地；確實）考點綜合練一、從方框中選擇合適的單詞，并用其適當形式填空，每詞限用一次。usualpopularabletrueseriouslonghighheavycarefulhealthy1．WhenIwasonlyafive-year-oldboy,Iwas____________illandneededattentionallthetime.2．Duringthe________winterholidayin2020,theyjoinedateamofvolunteerstohelpcheckpeople'sinformationandspreadknowledgeaboutthedisease.3．Iwasso__________thatIlostthekeytomyhousethismorning.4．Well,atleastthisexperiencewill________themtolearnfromtheirmistakes.5．Myhairisas____asLily's.Wearetwinsisters.6．—Whatisthe________mountainintheworld?—MountQomolangma.7．Themoreyougoexercising,the____________youwillfeel.Justtryit!8．Thereweremanykindsoftrees.However,mulberrytrees（桑樹）andfruittreeswerethe________________ofall.Peoplealllikethesetrees.9．Amongtheboys,Jackisthesecond__________one.Heeatslotsofjunkfood.10．Mybrotheris______angryaboutwhat'shappenedtohim.二．.單句填空1．[2024長沙雅禮一模]Itsymbolizesatimeforfamilytogettogetherandthe____________（meaning）beginningofthenewyear.2．[2024株洲模擬改編]Anepilepticfit（癲癇發作）couldcausesomeonetofalloverandgethurt.Ifithappenswhenpeopleareswimmingorbathingalone,itcanbevery____________（danger）.3．[2024湖南聯考]It’sreallya____________（wonder）andunforgettableMayDayforme.Fromthatexperience,Ilearnedthemeaningoflaborandsomethingdifferent.4．[2024永州一模]Ithoughtthatthiswouldbeagoodchancetoteachmychildrentohelpthosewhowere____________（unlucky）thanthemselves.5．[2024長沙長郡二模]Ouryouthisalsoliketakingstudy____________（serious）overthedeepnight.6．[2024長沙模擬]Themascotis____________（careful）designed（設計）.Ittakestwomonthstofinishdesigningthemascot.7．[2024邵陽模擬]Theunhealthyfoodmadeherfeeltiredeasily.Shedidn’thaveenoughenergyattheendofthedayandoftenfelt________（sleep）.8．[2024常德模擬改編]Hethoughtthatheworked________（hard）thanBobby.9．[2024長沙模擬]Theuseofrobotcaregiversmaymakethesituationeven______（bad）thanthis.10．[2024湖南聯考]In2006,HuangYongyudonated（捐贈）a__________（person）artmuseuminJishouUniversityforfree,whichisinwesternHunan,nearhishometown.11．[2024常德一模]Forexample,somestudentsalwaysputofftheirstudyingwhentheyarealone.________,byjoiningastudygroup,theyseetheirhardworkingpartnersandaremorelikelytofinishtheworkontime.12．[2023岳陽改編]Mindhealthisas____________（important）asbodyhealth.13．[2023懷化改編]XuMengtaoisoneofthe______________（famous）playersinChina.14．[2023常德]—Howoftendoyouwatchthegameshow?—______（two）aweek.15．[2023常德]Thecarisold,butitstillrunsvery____（good）.16．[2023郴州改編]It’soneof________________（happy）thingsintheworldtostaywithourfamilymembers.17．[2023永州]ThreeChineseastronautsonboardtheShenzhou-15mannedspaceshipreturnedtoEarth________（safe）onJune4,2023,completingtheirsix-monthspacestationtask.18．[2023常德]TheYangtzeRiverisoneof______________（long）riversintheworld.19．[2023株洲改編]ChatGPTisoneof______________（hot）AImodelsthesedays.20．[2022懷化改編]TheairinHuaihuais________（good）thanbefore.21．[2022長沙]__________（recent）,thegovernmenthasbeenworkingtogetherwithauniversityandsomebuildingcompanies（公司）tobuildhousesthatarefully3D-printed.22．[2022常德]—Whatwillthefuturebelike?—Citieswillbe__________________（beautiful）.Andtherewillbemoretrees.23．[2021益陽改編]AlthoughtheYangtzeRiveristhelongestriverinChina,itis________（short）thantheNile,thelongestriverintheworld.24．[2021長沙]Aloneand________（hunger）,hewalkedonthestreetsofthecity.25．[2021郴州改編]Ithink______________（early）childrenlearntolookafterthemselves,thebetteritisfortheirfuture.26．[2021衡陽改編]Thelittleboywas____________（interest）inallofthesesubjects,especiallyinmath.二.形容詞和副詞填空AHaveyouevertriedwritingapoem?Maybeyouthinkitisimpossible1.

（especial）ifyoudonotthinkyouarenaturally2.

（create）.Butifyoufollowthestepsbelow,youcanalsowritea3.

（good）poemthanyouexpected.Youwillbe4.

（pride）toshareitwithyourfriends.◆Pickatheme（主題）thatinterestsyou.Findthethemethatyouareinterestedin.Startyourpoemwithaclearidea.“Loveandfriendship”isalwaysthethemeofapoem.◆Chooseaformforyourpoem.Getyourmindsworkingbypickingapoeticform.Youmaychooseapoeticformthatyoufindeasy.◆Useyourimagination.Youshouldalwaystrytodescribesomethingusingthefivesenses.Theyaresmell,taste,touch,sightandhearing.Usingimaginationwillleadyourreadersintotheworldofyourpoemandmakeimages（意象）comealiveforthem.◆Makeuseofspecialexpressions.Youcoulduse“theheartofstone”“as5.

（white）assnow”andsoon.Withtheseexpressions,yourpoemwillbedifferent.Theycanmakeyourpoemapieceof6.

（wonder）worktoyourreaders.BAllaboard!Let’stakearideontheworld’shighestrailway—theQinghai-XizangRailway（青藏鐵路）.Sitbackandenjoythejourney.Getreadyforthetripofalifetime.We’releavingQinghaiStation.ThesceneryalongthewayissomeofthewildestinallofChina.Keepyoureyesopenasweracethroughthis7.

（beauty）land.YoumightseearareTibetanantelope（藏羚羊）fromyourwindow.Beforewebeginourjourney,let’slearnaboutthisamazingrailway.It’s8.

（true）oneofthegreatengineeringwondersofthe21stcentury.WhenitwascompletedonJuly1,2006,theQinghai-XizangRailwaysetnineworldrecords,includingtheworld’shighestrailwayat5,072metresabovesealevel,theworld’shighesttunnel（隧道）at4,905metres,andthe9.

（long）tunneleverbuiltonpermafrost（永久凍土）.Aswetravelhigher,theairgetsthinnerandthinner.Soontherewillonlybe50to60percentoftheoxygenthatweareusedtobreathing.Butdon’tbeafraid.Eachrailcarhastwoseparateoxygensystems.Onesystemspreadsoxygenthroughoutthetrainatalltimes.Andeachpassengercanalsogeta10.

（person）oxygenmaskjustlikethoseusedonplanes.Hereareafew11.

（many）thingstothinkaboutasourtrainleavesthestation.Thedesignerssolvedthreemainchallengeswhenbuildingthisgreatrailway.First,thehighaltitude（海拔）madethetaskdifficultbecausetherewasnoenoughoxygen.Second,muchoftherailwayrunsacrosspermafrost,atypeofgroundthatkeepschangingastheweatherwarmsandcools.12.

（Final）,therailwaygoesthroughsomeofthemostsensitiveecology（敏感的生態環境）inChina.Greatcarewasnecessarytomakesureofthesmallestpossibleinfluenceonnature.Allthreechallengesweremet,makingourtrippossible.Allaboard!ThetraintoXizangisleavinginfifteenminutes.四.選詞填空選擇方框中的詞并用其適當形式填空（每詞限用一次）。truebeautifullovelyyoungsocheerfulItwasasummerday.Anoldmanwastakingawalkdownahill1.

.Hewipedthesweat（擦汗）fromhisfaceandstartedsingingasong.Suddenly,heheardavoice.“Hello,sir.”Theoldmanturnedaround,buthesawnoone.“I’mhere,”thevoicecamefrombesidehisfeet.Theoldmanlookeddownandsawa2.

flower.“Sir,wouldyoumindansweringaquestion?”askedtheflower.“Certainlynot.Whatdoyouwanttoknow?”saidtheoldman.Theflowerhesitated（猶豫）forasecondandsaid,“Whyareyou3.

happy?Youarenot4.

andmaybeyoudon’thavemanydaysleft.”Theflowerwenton,“MydayshavepassedandI’mgoingtowither（枯萎）.Thatmakesmesad.”Theoldmanlaughed,“Yes,Idon’thavemanydaysleft.Butsowhat?Whywastesucha5.

dayonsomethingthathasn’thappened?What’sgoneisgone.What’stocomeistocome.Youcan’tchangeit.Butyoucandecidetoenjoythisverymomentthatyou6.

have.”Andhedidn’twaitfortheflowertorespond（回應）.Hejustwalkedaway,continuingwiththehappysonghehadbeensinging.專題05.形容詞、副詞精講考點導圖知識1形容詞的用法及詞義辨析一、定義及位置1．定義說明人或事物的特征、性質或狀態，常用來修飾名詞或復合不定代詞的詞叫形容詞。2．位置（1）作定語，一般放在名詞之前，復合不定代詞之后。如：Theprettygirlismysister.這個漂亮的女孩是我妹妹。Tellmesomethinginteresting.給我說一些有趣的事。（2）作表語，放在系動詞之后。如：Helookshappy.他看起來很開心。注意有少數形容詞只能作表語，如alone,afraid,asleep,awake,alive,well(健康的)等。（3）作賓語補足語，放在賓語之后，常與make、leave、keep等動詞連用。如：Youmustkeepyoureyesclosed.你必須閉著眼睛。二、-ing形容詞和-ed形容詞重點-ing形容詞表示主動意義，多指事物對人的影響，一般修飾事物。-ed形容詞表示被動意義，多指人對事物的感受，一般修飾或形容人，常用于“sb.＋系動詞＋-ed形容詞＋介詞”結構。-ing形容詞-ed形容詞例句interesting有趣的interested感興趣的Ihaveaninterestingbook.我有一本有趣的書。Heisinterestedinscience.他對科學感興趣。boring令人厭煩的bored感覺無聊的Ifindthismovietotallyboring.我覺得這部電影無聊透頂。Itwasacold,rainydayandthekidswerebored.那是個寒冷的下雨天，孩子們覺得無聊。exciting激動人心的excited激動的Haveyouheardoftheexcitingnews？你聽說這個激動人心的消息了嗎？Weareexcitedaboutthetraveling.我們對這次旅行感到很興奮。disappointing令人失望的disappointed感到失望的Itisadisappointingtrip.這是一次令人失望的旅行。Weweredisappointedattheresult.我們對結果感到失望。surprising令人驚訝的surprised驚訝的Thisisasurprisingstory.這是一個令人驚訝的故事。Iamsurprisedatthenews.我對這個消息感到驚訝。moving令人感動的moved受感動的Titanicisamovingfilm.《泰坦尼克號》是一部感人的電影。Wearedeeplymoved.我們深受感動。satisfying令人滿意／滿足的satisfied感到滿意／滿足的Thisisasatisfyingresult.這是一個令人滿意的結果。Areyousatisfiedwiththenewdesign？你對這個新設計滿意嗎？tiring令人疲倦的tired疲倦的It’salongtiringday.這是漫長而令人疲倦的一天。I'mtootired.我太疲倦了。知識2副詞的用法及詞義辨析一、定義及分類1．定義副詞是指在句子中表示行為或狀態特征的詞，用以修飾動詞、形容詞、其他副詞或全句，表示時間、地點、程度、方式等概念。類型典型詞匯用法頻度副詞always（總是）、usually（通常）、often（時常）、sometimes（有時）、seldom（很少）、hardly（幾乎不）、never（從不）（頻率從高到低）表示動作發生的頻率方式副詞quickly、happily、loudly、suddenly、luckily、badly、easily、fast等表示動作的行為方式程度副詞very、quite、rather、too、much、so等表示動詞、形容詞或另一個副詞的強度或程度，通常放在其修飾的詞前時間副詞now、then、today、tomorrow、yesterday、before、ago、soon、lately等表示動作發生的時間，是確定句子時態的重要標志地點副詞outside、inside、upstairs、here、there、home、near、away、in、back、off、up、anywhere等表示動作發生的地點或位置關系疑問副詞（詞組）when、where、why、how、howlong、howsoon、howoften,howfar等用于構成特殊疑問句二、常見副詞（短語）詞義辨析1.howlong、howsoon、howoften、howfar重點易混短語用法例句howlong意為“多久，多長時間”，對一個持續的時間段提問，常用“for＋時間段”和“since＋時間點”回答-HowlonghaveyoubeeninChina?-Forthreemonths.意為“（長度）多長”，對某一事物的長度進行提問，答語一般會出現米（meter）或千米（kilometer）等單位-Howlongisthisriver?-It'sabout3,000km.howsoon意為“多快，多久”，用于一般將來時的句子中，側重在多長時間內完成或發生，常用“in＋時間段”回答-Howsoonwillhecomeback?-Infiveminutes.howoften意為“多長時間一次”，對頻率提問，常用once／twice/threetimesaday/week/month等回答-Howoftendoyouvisityourgrand-parents?-Onceaweek.howfar意為“多遠”，對距離提問，常用“數字＋距離單位”或“數字＋時間單位＋ride／drive／walk”等回答-Howfarisitfromyourhometoyourschool?-About5minutes'busride/twokilometers.2．hard和hardly易混詞用法例句hard意為“努力地；大量地；猛烈地”Weshouldstudyhard.我們應該努力學習。Itwasraininghardwhenwesetoff.我們出發時正下著大雨。hardly意為“幾乎不”，表示否定含義Wehardlyknoweachother.我們彼此還不大認識。3．too、enough和so易混詞用法例句too意為“太”，用于“too...to....”結構，表示否定意義，意為“太······而不能”Themanistoooldtolookafterhimself.這個人年紀太大了，不能照顧他自己。enough意為“足夠”，用于“形容詞／副詞原形＋enoughto...”結構，表示“足夠·····能”Theboyrunsfastenoughtowinthegame.這個男孩跑得足夠快，能贏得這次比賽。so意為“如此”，常用于“so...that...”結構，表示“如此······以至于”ThecameraissoexpensivethatIcan'taffordit.這個照相機太貴了以至于我買不起。4．其他常考副詞abroad在國外almost幾乎alone獨自carefully小心地especially尤其exactly確切地finally最后，終于instead替代nearly幾乎once曾經，一次probably大概simply僅僅properly合適地recently最近directly直接地however然而besides此外，而且suddenly突然right正好，恰好，直接地知識3形容詞和副詞的比較等級一、形容詞和副詞比較等級的構成1．規則變化類別構成方法原級比較級最高級單音節詞和少數雙音節詞一般直接加-er，-estlongtallhardlongertallerharderlongesttallesthardest以字母e結尾的詞，在詞尾加-r，-stlatelargelaterlargerlatestlargest以“輔音字母＋y”結尾的雙音節詞，把y變成i，再加-er，-esteasyhappyearlyeasierhappierearlierearliest重讀閉音節詞詞尾只有一個輔音字母時，雙寫該輔音字母，再加-er,-estbighotbiggerhotterbiggesthottest多音節詞和部分雙音節詞在詞前加more或mostcarefulbeautifulcarefullymorecarefulmorebeautifulmorecarefullymostcarefulmostbeautifulmostcarefully2．不規則變化原級比較級最高級good/wellbetterbestbad/badlyworseworstmany/muchmoremostlittlelessleastfarfarther/furtherfarthest/furthest注意less和least也可用來構成比較級和最高級，表示“較／最不······”，如selfish→lessselfish→leastselfish。二．形容詞和副詞比較等級的主要結構比較級常用結構結構含義例句比較級＋than比·····更TheweatherhereishotterthanthatinYunnan.這里的天氣比云南的更熱。Tomishard-working.Iworkmuchharderthanhim.湯姆工作努力，我比他工作更加努力。比較級+and+比較級越來越It'sgettingwarmerandwarmerinspring.春天天氣變得越來越暖和。the＋比較級...，the＋比較級...越····，就越······ThemoreyoureadEnglish,thebetteryouwillbeatit.你讀英語讀得越多，你就會越擅長英語。Which/What/Who...＋比較級，AorB？哪一個／什么／誰更·····，A還是B？Whoplaystennisbetter,MikeorSam？誰網球打得更好，邁克還是薩姆？“much/alot/far;even;alittle／abit＋比較級”，用于加強語氣······得多；甚至更······;更······一點High-speedtrainsrunmuchfasterthannormaltrains.高鐵比普通列車行駛得快得多。the＋比較級＋ofthetwo...兩者中較······的那一個Anneisthetallerofthetwogirls.安妮是這兩個女孩中較高的那個。2.最高級常用結構結構含義例句the＋最高級（＋單數名詞）+in/of.........中最······的Jimisthetallest(student)inhisclass.吉姆是班上最高的。Ijump(the)farthestofallthestudentsinourclass.我是我們班跳得最遠的。oneofthe＋形容詞最高級＋可數名詞復數＋in/of...最······的·····之一BeijingisoneoftheoldestcitiesinChina.北京是中國最古老的城市之一。the＋序數詞＋形容詞最高級第幾最······TheYellowRiveristhesecondlongestriverinChina.黃河是中國第二長河。3.表示兩者在某一方面相同或一方在某方面不如另一方時，用“as+形容詞或副詞原級＋as”或“notas／so＋形容詞或副詞原級＋as”來表達。如：Ithinkscienceisasimportantasmath.我認為科學同數學一樣重要。TomrunsasfastasJack.湯姆跑得和杰克一樣快。Ican'ttypeas/sofastasmybrother.我打字不如我弟弟快。知識4形容詞和副詞構詞法重點一、加詞綴構成的形容詞1．名詞／動詞變形容詞的常見后綴后綴意義例詞-y充滿······的、多······的有······的cloud-cloudywind-windyluck-lucky-ern······方位的、朝······方向的west-westerneast-eastern-ly······般的、每······的friend-friendlymother-motherlyweek-weeklymonth-monthly-en······材質的wood-woodengold-golden-al有······性質的education-educational-ful充滿······的、具有······特點的care-carefulpeace-peaceful-less無······的hope-hopeless-ous具有······的danger-dangerous-ant/-ent是······的importance-importantdiffer-different-an與······有關的、屬于······的Asia-AsianAmerica-American-able可······的enjoy-enjoyable-ive與······有關的、有·····性質／傾向的produce-productivecreate-creative形容詞常見的否定前綴否定前綴例詞un-lucky-unluckyhealthy-unhealthyin-correct-incorrectexpensive-inexpensiveim-polite-impolitepossible-impossible二、形容詞變副詞類別構成方法例詞一般情況直接加-lyquick-quicklycorrect-correctly輔音字母＋y結尾把y變i，再加-lyeasy-easilyhappy-happilyle結尾去e，加ypossible-possiblyprobable-probablyll結尾只加yfull-fully其他情況true-truly（真誠地；確實）考點綜合練一、從方框中選擇合適的單詞，并用其適當形式填空，每詞限用一次。usualpopularabletrueseriouslonghighheavycarefulhealthy1．WhenIwasonlyafive-year-oldboy,Iwas____________illandneededattentionallthetime.2．Duringthe________winterholidayin2020,theyjoinedateamofvolunteerstohelpcheckpeople'sinformationandspreadknowledgeaboutthedisease.3．Iwasso__________thatIlostthekeytomyhousethismorning.4．Well,atleastthisexperiencewill________themtolearnfromtheirmistakes.5．Myhairisas____asLily's.Wearetwinsisters.6．—Whatisthe________mountainintheworld?—MountQomolangma.7．Themoreyougoexercising,the____________youwillfeel.Justtryit!8．Thereweremanykindsoftrees.However,mulberrytrees（桑樹）andfruittreeswerethe________________ofall.Peoplealllikethesetrees.9．Amongtheboys,Jackisthesecond__________one.Heeatslotsofjunkfood.10．Mybrotheris______angryaboutwhat'shappenedtohim.[答案]1．seriously2．unusual3．careless4．enable5．long6．highest7．healthier8．mostpopular9．heaviest10．Truly二．.單句填空1．[2024長沙雅禮一模]Itsymbolizesatimeforfamilytogettogetherandthe____________（meaning）beginningofthenewyear.[答案]meaningful[解析]考查形容詞構詞法。句意：它象征著家庭團聚的時刻和新年有意義的開始。此處應用形容詞修飾名詞beginning。故填meaningful。2．[2024株洲模擬改編]Anepilepticfit（癲癇發作）couldcausesomeonetofalloverandgethurt.Ifithappenswhenpeopleareswimmingorbathingalone,itcanbevery____________（danger）.[答案]dangerous[解析]考查形容詞構詞法。句意：如果癲癇發作發生在人們獨自游泳或洗澡的時候，那將是非常危險的。根據“bevery”可知，用dangerous“危險的”，作表語。故填dangerous。3．[2024湖南聯考]It’sreallya____________（wonder）andunforgettableMayDayforme.Fromthatexperience,Ilearnedthemeaningoflaborandsomethingdifferent.[答案]wonderful[解析]考查形容詞構詞法。句意：對我來說，這真的是一個美妙而難忘的五一勞動節。從那次經歷中，我學到了勞動的意義和不同的東西。空處和unforgettable并列，應用形容詞，作定語修飾MayDay,故填wonderful。4．[2024永州一模]Ithoughtthatthiswouldbeagoodchancetoteachmychildrentohelpthosewhowere____________（unlucky）thanthemselves.[答案]unluckier[解析]考查形容詞比較級。句意：我認為這將是一個很好的機會，可以教我的孩子幫助那些比自己不幸的人。根據than可知，此處應用比較級，unlucky的比較級為unluckier，故填unluckier。5．[2024長沙長郡二模]Ouryouthisalsoliketakingstudy____________（serious）overthedeepnight.[答案]seriously[解析]考查副詞構詞法。takesth.seriously認真對待某事。故填seriously。6．[2024長沙模擬]Themascotis____________（careful）designed（設計）.Ittakestwomonthstofinishdesigningthemascot.[答案]carefully[解析]考查副詞構詞法。句意：吉祥物被精心設計。此處應用副詞修飾動詞designed。故填carefully。7．[2024邵陽模擬]Theunhealthyfoodmadeherfeeltiredeasily.Shedidn’thaveenoughenergyattheendofthedayandoftenfelt________（sleep）.[答案]sleepy[解析]考查形容詞構詞法。此處表示在一天結束的時候，她沒有足夠的精力，并且經常感到困倦，空處作表語，故填sleepy。8．[2024常德模擬改編]Hethoughtthatheworked________（hard）thanBobby.[答案]harder[解析]考查副詞比較級。句意：他覺得他比博比工作更加努力。根據thanBobby可知，這里要用比較級，表示更努力，故填harder。9．[2024長沙模擬]Theuseofrobotcaregiversmaymakethesituationeven______（bad）thanthis.[答案]worse[解析]考查形容詞比較級。句意:使用機器人看護可能會使情況變得比這更糟糕。根據even和than可知，這里要用比較級，表示更糟糕，故填worse。10．[2024湖南聯考]In2006,HuangYongyudonated（捐贈）a__________（person）artmuseuminJishouUniversityforfree,whichisinwesternHunan,nearhishometown.[答案]personal[解析]考查形容詞構詞法。此處表示黃永玉在家鄉附近的湘西吉首大學免費捐贈了一座個人美術館。personal個人的，修飾museum。故填personal。11．[2024常德一模]Forexample,somestudentsalwaysputofftheirstudyingwhentheyarealone.________,byjoiningastudygroup,theyseetheirhardworkingpartnersandaremorelikelytofinishtheworkontime.[答案]However[解析]考查副詞。空前說一些學生獨自學習總是拖延，空后說通過加入學習小組，他們看見刻苦的同伴會更可能按時完成任務。空前后為轉折關系，且空后有逗號，故填However。12．[2023岳陽改編]Mindhealthisas____________（important）asbodyhealth.[答案]important[解析]考查固定結構。句意:心理健康跟身體健康一樣重要。此處為“as+形容詞原級+as”結構。故填important。13．[2023懷化改編]XuMengtaoisoneofthe______________（famous）playersinChina.[答案]mostfamous[解析]考查形容詞最高級。句意:徐夢桃是中國最著名的運動員之一。“oneofthe+形容詞最高級+可數名詞復數”表示“最……的……之一”,故填mostfamous。14．[2023常德]—Howoftendoyouwatchthegameshow?—______（two）aweek.[答案]Twice[解析]考查副詞。howoften意為“多久一次”，用來提問某動作發生的頻率。所以答句應表示一周兩次。twice兩次。句首單詞首字母需大寫。故填Twice。15．[2023常德]Thecarisold,butitstillrunsvery____（good）.[答案]well[解析]考查副詞。設空處修飾動詞runs，應用副詞形式。故填well。16．[2023郴州改編]It’soneof________________（happy）thingsintheworldtostaywithourfamilymembers.[答案]thehappiest[解析]考查形容詞最高級。句意:和我們的家人在一起是世界上最幸福的事情之一。“oneofthe+形容詞最高級+可數名詞復數”表示“最……的……之一”,最高級前用定冠詞the。故填thehappiest。17．[2023永州]ThreeChineseastronautsonboardtheShenzhou-15mannedspaceshipreturnedtoEarth________（safe）onJune4,2023,completingtheirsix-monthspacestationtask.[答案]safely[解析]考查副詞構詞法。句意:神舟十五號載人飛船上的三名中國航天員于2023年6月4日安全返回地球，完成了六個月的空間站任務。設空處應用副詞修飾動詞returned。故填safely。18．[2023常德]TheYangtzeRiverisoneof______________（long）riversintheworld.[答案]thelongest[解析]考查形容詞最高級。此處為“oneofthe+形容詞最高級+可數名詞復數”結構。最高級前用定冠詞the。故填thelongest。19．[2023株洲改編]ChatGPTisoneof______________（hot）AImodelsthesedays.[答案]thehottest[解析]考查形容詞最高級。句意：ChatGPT是最近最熱門的人工智能模型之一。此處是“oneofthe+形容詞最高級+可數名詞復數”結構，最高級前用定冠詞the。故填thehottest。20．[2022懷化改編]TheairinHuaihuais________（good）thanbefore.[答案]better[解析]考查形容詞比較級。根據than可知,此處應用good的比較級better。21．[2022長沙]__________（recent）,thegovernmenthasbeenworkingtogetherwithauniversityandsomebuildingcompanies（公司）tobuildhousesthatarefully3D-printed.[答案]Recently[解析]考查副詞的構詞法。設空處在句中作時間狀語，應用副詞。recent的副詞形式是recently，注意句首單詞首字母大寫。故答案為Recently。22．[2022常德]—Whatwillthefuturebelike?—Citieswillbe__________________（beautiful）.Andtherewillbemoretrees.[答案]morebeautiful[解析]考查形容詞比較級。根據下文的“Andtherewillbemoretrees.”并結合問句可知，此處暗含比較，應用比較級，故填morebeautiful。23．[2021益陽改編]AlthoughtheYangtzeRiveristhelongestriverinChina,itis________（short）thantheNile,thelongestriverintheworld.[答案]shorter[解析]考查形容詞比較級。句意:雖然長江是中國最長的河流,但是它比世界上最長的河流尼羅河短。根據關鍵詞than可知用比較級，故填shorter。24．[2021長沙]Aloneand________（hunger）,hewalkedonthestreetsofthecity.[答案]hungry[解析]考查形容詞的構詞法。句意：他走在城市的街道上，獨自一人，饑腸轆轆。Alone在此處是形容詞，and是并列連詞，前后詞性要保持一致，因此該空也應是形容詞。hunger的形容詞形式hungry表示“饑餓的”。故填hungry。25．[2021郴州改編]Ithink______________（early）childrenlearntolookafterthemselves,thebetteritisfortheirfuture.[答案]theearlier[解析]考查固定結構。句意:我認為孩子們越早學會照顧他們自己,對他們的將來越好。“the+比較級,the+比較級”表示“越……,就越……”。故填theearlier。26．[2021衡陽改編]Thelittleboywas____________（interest）inallofthesesubjects,especiallyinmath.[答案]interested[解析]考查形容詞的構詞法。此處描述人的感受，應用以-ed結尾的形容詞。beinterestedin對……感興趣，故填interested。二.形容詞和副詞填空AHaveyouevertriedwritingapoem?Maybeyouthinkitisimpossible1.

（especial）ifyoudonotthinkyouarenaturally2.

（create）.Butifyoufollowthestepsbelow,youcanalsowritea3.

（good）poemthanyouexpected.Youwillbe4.