授課主題第18講現在完成時教學目標了解現在完成時的含義和結構短暫性動詞與延續性動詞的轉變教學重難點since和for的使用教學內容知識點一：現在完成時現在完成時定義：過去發生的動作對現在造成的影響或從過去一直持續到現在的動作。影響：We'vejustcleanedtheclassroom.我們剛好打掃了教室。持續：Theyhavecleanedtheclassroomforhalfanhour.他們打掃教室已經半小時了。結構與句式(have/has+過去分詞)肯定句：主語+have/has+過去分詞ShehasstudiedEnglish.否定句：主語+haven’t/hasn’t+過去分詞___________________________疑問句：Have/Has+主語+過去分詞___________________________肯定回答：Yes,主語+have/has.___________________________否定回答：No,主語+haven’t/hasn’t.___________________________二、現在完成時的用法過去發生或完成的動作或存在的狀態對現在造成的影響或結果。Hehasalready/justturnedoffthelight.Haveyoupackedyet?常見時間狀語：already,just,yet,ever/never,before…already/just/yet辨析觀察：Ihavealreadyfinishedmywork.Ihavejustfinishedmywork.Ihaven'tfinishedmyworkyet.Haveyoufinishedyourworkyet?小結：already/just常用于________________；yet常用于________________Oralpractice:Mikehasalreadyfoundhiswatch.(改為一般疑問句)__________________________________________HehaseverbeentoJapan.(改為否定句)__________________________________________They

have

alreadyarrived

in

Shanghai.

(改為一般疑問句，作否定回答)__________________________________________從過去一直持續到現在的動作或狀態。tenyears202220tenyears20222012Mr.SmithhaslivedinShanghaifortenyears.=Mr.SmithhaslivedinShanghai_______________________.=Mr.SmithhaslivedinShanghai_______________________.常見時間狀語：標志性詞具體用法舉例forfor+時間段fortwoyears/alongtimesincesince+時間點since2017/lastyear/halfpasttensince+時間段+agosincetwoyears/alongtimeagosince+從句(一般過去時)sincetheymovedtoShanghaiPractice:用for/since填空________Monday________halfanhour________threemonths________2005________12o’clock________threemonthsagoOralPractice.1.Q:Howlonghaveyouworkedinthisrestaurant?(twoyears)A:Ihaveworkedinthisrestaurant___________________________.2.Q:Howlonghaven’tyoumether?(April)A:Ihaven’tmether_________________________.3.Q:Howlonghaveyouknowneachother?(alongtimeago)A:Wehaveknowneachother__________________________.對for/since引導的表示一段時間的時間狀語提問，用howlong.Ihavestayedhereforonemonth.__________________haveyoustayedhere?【小試牛刀】1.Mr.LihaslivedinHainan____________2012.A.sinceB.forC.afterD.in2.MaryhasknownJane____________twoyears.A.sinceB.forC.afterD.in3.Ihave____________finishedthereport.Howaboutyou?Oh,Ihaven’tfinishedit____________.A.yet,alreadyB.already,alreadyC.already,yetD.yet,yet4.Haveyou____________travelledonthetrainNo,Ihave____________travelledbytrain.A.never,alreadyB.ever,neverC.already,neverD.yet,ever5.Iwon’tgowithyoutoseethisfilm.BecauseI____________ittwice.A.

will

see

B.

see

C.

saw

D.have

seen

三、特殊用法:have/hasbeento,have/hasgoneto,have/hasbeenin1)Theyhavebeentothatvillagesometimes.HaveyoueverbeentoJapanNo,IhaveneverbeentoJapan.MaryhasneverbeentotheSummerPalace.have/hasbeento表示“__________________”,常和次數_______________________連用。與ever/never連用，表示“曾經去過或從未去過某地”。2)WhereisTom?Hehasgonetothebookshop.have/hasgoneto表示“________________________”3)TheBrownshavebeeninShanghaifornineyears.have/hasbeenin表示“__________________”，常與表示一段時間的狀語(for+時間段/since+時間點,howlong等)連用。Practice:填入have/has

been(to),

have/has

been(in),have/has

gone

(to)1.

Can

I

speak

to

Li

Lei,pleaseHe’s

out.I’m

afraid.He

__________________the

cinema.

2.John__________________Englandsince2003.3.TheSmiths__________________Beijingfornineyears.4.I__________________thisschoolsincethreeyearsago.5.

Is

your

mother

in?

No,

she

__________________Shenzhen.__________she

ever________there

beforeYes,she

____________thereseveraltimes.四、過去分詞的變化形式規則變化：與過去式相同將下列單詞的過去式填入相應的位置:hope,listen,stop,start,worry,plan,move規則例詞1.直接加edlaughed,played,_________,________2.以不發音e結尾，直接加dliked,lived,_________,________3.以輔音加y結尾，改y為i加edstudied,carried,_________4.以重讀閉音節結尾，雙寫最后一個字母加edpreferred(更喜歡),dropped_________,________不規則變化：詳見附錄AAA:ABB:ABC:ABA:putputputgetgotgotam/is____________beebecamebeeread____________make____________arewerebeen

e____________costcostcosthavehadhaddodiddonerunranruncutcutcutsay____________go____________規則變化：與過去式相同將下列單詞的過去式填入相應的位置:hope,listen,stop,start,worry,plan,move規則例詞1.直接加edlaughed,played,listened,started2.以不發音e結尾，直接加dliked,lived,hoped,moved3.以輔音加y結尾，改y為i加edstudied,carried,worried4.以重讀閉音節結尾，雙寫最后一個字母加edpreferred(更喜歡),stopped,planned不規則變化：詳見附錄AAA:ABB:ABC:ABA:putputputgetgotgotam/iswasbeenbeebecamebeereadreadreadmakemademadearewerebeen

ecameecostcostcosthavehadhaddodiddonerunranruncutcutcutsaysaidsaidgowentgoneChoosethebestanswer.()1.Adamusually_______booksintheevening,butthiseveninghe_______TVnow.A.reads;iswatching B.isread;iswatchingC.reads;watches D.reading;iswatching()2.He_______letterstohisfriendsandrelativesyet.A.willwrite B.didn’twrite C.hasn’twritten D.haven’twritten()3.Motherhas_______cookeddinnerforus.A.alreadyB.yetC.justnowD.sometimes()4.There______aninterestingfilmnextweek.A.willhaveB.isgoingtoC.isgoingtohaveD.willbe()5.WhereisLindaShe_______tothelibrary.A.havegoneB.hasbeenC.wentD.hasgone()6.Ithinkshe______herhomeworksoon.A.FinishesB.finishedC.willfinishD.hasfinished()7.When______you_______theflowershow?Twodaysago.A.have;visitedB.did;visitC.do;visitD.will;visit()8.David______Shanghaiforaboutthreemonths.A.hasgonetoB.hasbeentoC.hasbeeninD.haseto()9.MayIspeaktoJohn?Sorry,he________Japan.Buthe________intwodays.A.hasgoneto;willreturnbackB.hasbeento;willebackC.hasgoneto;willebackD.hasbeento;willreturnback()10.They______alltheirmoney,sotheyhavetowalkhome.A.spend B.willspend C.havespent D.spentKeys:ACADDCBCCCII.Rewritethesentences.1.Thebighousecosthimalotofmoney.(改為否定句)Thebighouse______________________himmuchmoney.2.Tomhasalreadyfinishedhishomework.(改為一般疑問句)___________Tom___________hishomework___________?3.She

has

evervisited

the

USA.

(改為否定句)She_________________________________theUSA.

4.Ihavereadthebooksince9o’clock.(對劃線部分提問)______________________haveyoureadthebook?5.Jasonhasworkedinthefactoryfortwoyears.(保持句意不變)Jasonhasworkedinthefactory___________twoyears___________.6.FredbegantoteachEnglishsixyearsago.(保持句意不變)Fred______________________English___________sixyears.7.the,my,been,GreatWall,before,father,has,never,to(連詞成句)_______________________________________________________Keys：1.Thebighousecosthimalotofmoney.(改為否定句)Thebighousedidn’tcosthimmuchmoney.2.Tomhasalreadyfinishedhishomework.(改為一般疑問句)HasTomfinishedhishomeworkyet?3.She

has

evervisited

the

USA.

(改為否定句)ShehasnevervisitedtheUSA.

4.Ihavereadthebooksince9o’clock.(對劃線部分提問)Howlonghaveyoureadthebook?5.Jasonhasworkedinthefactoryfortwoyears.(保持句意不變)Jasonhasworkedinthefactorysincetwoyearsago.6.FredbegantoteachEnglishsixyearsago.(保持句意不變)FredhastaughtEnglishforsixyears.7.the,my,been,GreatWall,before,father,has,never,to(連詞成句)MyfatherhasneverbeentotheGreatWallbefore.現在完成時定義和結構：定義：過去發生的動作對現在造成的______________或從過去一直______________到現在的動作結構：______________常用時間狀語：影響：_________________________________持續：for+時間段，since+時間點；since+時間段+ago；since+從句(一般過去時)易混淆句型：have/hasbeento表示“______________”,常和次數______________連用。與______________連用，表示“曾經去過或從未去過某地”。have/hasgoneto表示“______________”have/hasbeenin表示“______________”，常與表示一段時間的狀語(for+時間段/since+時間點,howlong等)連用。=1\*ROMANI.ChoosethebestanswersBothhisparentslooksad.Maybethey_________what'shappenedtohim.A.knew B.haveknown C.mustknowD.willknow2.ZhaoLan______already______inthisschoolfortwoyears.A.was;studying B.will;studyC.has;studied D.are;studying3.HarryPotterisaverynicefilm.I_______ittwice.A.willsee B.haveseen C.saw D.see4.It_____tenyearssinceheleftthearmy.A.is B.has C.will D.was5.MissGreenisn'tintheoffice.She_______tothelibrary.A.hasgoneB.went C.willgo D.hasbeen6.Myparents______Shandongfortenyears.A.havebeenin B.havebeentoC.havegonetoD.havebeen7.Where______John_______Tothelibrary.He_________thereforanhour.A.has…been…hasgone B.has…gone…hasbeenC.did…go…went D.did…be…went8. I_______theway.I________hereforquitemanyyears.A.knew…havelived B.knew…liveC.know…havelived D.know…live9._____youever_____America?Yes,Ihave. A.Have…goneto B.Have…goneinC.Have…beento D.Have…beenin10.Mybrother____collegeforoverthreeyears.A.hasgoneto B.hasbeento C.hasbeenin D.hasbeenatKeys:1.B2.C3.B4.A5.A6.A7.B8.C9.C10.CII. pletethesentenceswiththegivenverbsintheirproperforms(用所給動詞的適當形式填空）Weusuallygo (swim)onSundayafternoons.Bill____________(meet)alotoffriendswhenhewaswalkingbackhome.Motherisn'thome.She (go)tothesupermarket.There (notbe)plentyoforangejuiceinthebottle.She___________(notbuy)thestrawberriesinthemarketbecausetheyweretooexpensive.swimming2.met3.hasgone4.isn't5.didn'tbuyIII.Reading.(A)Alongtimeago,therewasapoorfisherman.Healwaysdreamedofbeingrich.Oneday,hewentfishing.Whilehewassittingintheboat,hesuddenlyfeltthatthefishingrodwasbeingweigheddownbyaheavything.Heexcitedlypulledhardatit,andwhathesawmadehimshoutoutloud,”Wow!Abig,shinygoldenchain!”Heexcitedlypulledhardatthegoldenchaintogetitintotheboat,butthereseemedtobenoendofit.hisboatstartedtogetoverloadbecauseofthegoldenchain,andtheseawaterfilledhisboat.However,hehadbegundreamingofabighouse,abigpieceoflandandbuyinghorsesandcows....Hekeptpullinginthechain.Finally,theboatsank,andhedrowned.Whatdidthepoorfishermanalwaysdreamof?____________________________________________________________Whendidhesuddenlyfeelthathisfishingrodwasbeingweigheddown?____________________________________________________________Whydidhepullhardatthegolden