2025全國英語等級考試（PETS）二級試卷：物聯網編程英語試題考試時間：______分鐘總分：______分姓名：______一、單項選擇題要求：從下列各題的四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳答案。1.TheInternetofThings(IoT)isanetworkofdevicesthatare_________totheinternetandcanbecontrolledremotely.A.connectedB.linkedC.associatedD.joined2.InanIoTsystem,sensorsareusedto_________datafromthephysicalworld.A.gatherB.collectC.accumulateD.assemble3._________isakeytechnologythatenablesdevicestocommunicatewitheachotherinanIoTsystem.A.RadioFrequencyIdentification(RFID)B.NearFieldCommunication(NFC)C.BluetoothD.Wi-Fi4._________isaprogramminglanguagecommonlyusedfordevelopingIoTapplications.A.JavaB.PythonC.C++D.JavaScript5.AnIoTdevicetypicallyconsistsof_________components.A.twoB.threeC.fourD.five6._________isaprotocolusedfordatacommunicationinanIoTsystem.A.HTTPB.MQTTC.FTPD.SMTP7.Theprocessof_________datafromanIoTdevicetoacloudserverisknownasdataaggregation.A.transferringB.sendingC.deliveringD.forwarding8._________isanexampleofanIoTapplicationthatusessensorstomonitorenvironmentalconditions.A.SmarthomeB.SmartcityC.SmartgridD.Smartfactory9.InanIoTsystem,datasecurityisamajorconcernduetothe_________ofsensitiveinformation.A.exposureB.revelationC.disclosureD.revelation10._________isatechniqueusedtoprotectdatatransmittedovertheinternetinanIoTsystem.A.EncryptionB.DecryptionC.HashingD.Compression二、閱讀理解題要求：閱讀下列短文，然后根據短文內容回答問題。Inrecentyears,theInternetofThings(IoT)hasbecomeanincreasinglypopulartechnologyinvariousindustries.Itinvolvesconnectingdevicestotheinternet,allowingthemtocommunicatewitheachotherandcollectdata.Thistechnologyhasnumerousapplications,includingsmarthomes,smartcities,andsmartfactories.OneofthekeycomponentsofanIoTsystemisthesensor.Sensorsaredevicesthatcandetectandmeasurephysicalquantitiessuchastemperature,humidity,pressure,andmotion.Theyareusedtogatherdatafromthephysicalworldandtransmitittootherdevicesorsystems.AnotherimportantaspectofIoTisthecommunicationprotocol.ThereareseveralprotocolsavailablefordatacommunicationinanIoTsystem,suchasHTTP,MQTT,andCoAP.Theseprotocolsensurethatdevicescanexchangedataefficientlyandsecurely.DataaggregationisanothercriticalprocessinanIoTsystem.Itinvolvescollectingandprocessingdatafrommultiplesourcestoprovidevaluableinsightsandenableinformeddecision-making.Thisprocessoftenrequirestheuseofcloudcomputingandbigdataanalytics.SecurityisamajorconcerninIoTsystemsduetothepotentialforunauthorizedaccessanddatabreaches.Toaddressthis,varioussecuritymeasuresareimplemented,includingencryption,authentication,andaccesscontrol.Now,answerthefollowingquestions:11.WhatisthemainpurposeofsensorsinanIoTsystem?12.ListthreecommunicationprotocolsusedinanIoTsystem.13.Whatistheprocessofcollectingandprocessingdatafrommultiplesourcescalled?14.WhyissecurityamajorconcerninIoTsystems?15.NameonesecuritymeasureimplementedinIoTsystems.四、完形填空題要求：閱讀下列短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。TheInternetofThings(IoT)hasrevolutionizedthewayweinteractwiththeworldaroundus.Ithasenabledthecreationofsmartdevicesthatcancommunicatewitheachotherandprovideuswithvaluabledata.However,thesuccessofIoTreliesheavilyontheabilityofthesedevicestoconnecttotheinternetandexchangeinformationsecurely.ThefirststepinbuildinganIoTsystemistoselecttherighthardwarecomponents.Thistypicallyincludessensors,microcontrollers,andconnectivitymodules.Sensorsareusedtocollectdatafromtheenvironment,whilemicrocontrollersprocessthisdataandmakedecisionsbasedonit.Connectivitymodules,suchasWi-FiorBluetooth,allowthesedevicestoconnecttotheinternet.OneofthechallengesinIoTisensuringthatdevicescancommunicatewitheachotherreliably.Thisrequirestheuseofcommunicationprotocolsthatarebothefficientandsecure.MQTT(MessageQueuingTelemetryTransport)isapopularprotocolforIoTapplicationsduetoitslightweightnatureandlowbandwidthrequirements.Oncedataiscollectedandprocessed,itneedstobetransmittedtoacentralserverorcloudplatformforfurtheranalysis.Thisprocessisknownasdataaggregation.Itisessentialtoimplementproperdataaggregationtechniquestoensurethatthedataisaccurateandup-to-date.SecurityisacriticalaspectofanyIoTsystem.Withtheincreasingnumberofconnecteddevices,theriskofcyberattacksalsorises.Tomitigatetheserisks,severalsecuritymeasuresshouldbeimplemented.Theseincludeencryptionofdataintransitandatrest,strongauthenticationmechanisms,andregularsoftwareupdates.Now,readthefollowingpassageandcompletetheblankswiththemostappropriateoptions.TheInternetofThings(IoT)isanetworkof_16_devicesthatare_17_totheinternet.Thesedevicescan_18_dataand_19_witheachother,makingthemaninvaluabletoolfor_20_variousapplications.16.A.independentB.dependentC.similarD.diverse17.A.connectedB.disconnectedC.associatedD.detached18.A.collectB.transmitC.processD.analyze19.A.interactB.communicateC.connectD.exchange20.A.implementingB.executingC.developingD.designing五、翻譯題要求：將下列句子從英語翻譯成漢語。1.TheInternetofThings(IoT)istransformingthewaywelive,work,andplay.2.Withtheadvancementoftechnology,IoTdevicesarebecomingmoreaffordableandaccessible.3.SensortechnologyisacrucialcomponentofIoTsystems,enablingthemtocollectandprocessvastamountsofdata.4.DatasecurityisatoppriorityinIoT,assensitiveinformationcanbecompromisedifnotproperlyprotected.5.ThefutureofIoTliesintheseamlessintegrationofdevices,enablingasmarter,moreconnectedworld.六、簡答題要求：根據所學知識，簡要回答下列問題。1.WhatarethemaincomponentsofanIoTsystem?2.WhatistheroleofsensorsinanIoTsystem?3.ExplaintheimportanceofcommunicationprotocolsinIoT.4.HowcandataaggregationbeachievedinanIoTsystem?5.WhataresomecommonsecuritymeasuresimplementedinIoTsystems?本次試卷答案如下：一、單項選擇題1.A.connected解析：根據句意，物聯網（IoT）是一個連接到互聯網的網絡，因此選擇A項“connected”。2.B.collect解析：根據句意，傳感器用于從物理世界收集數據，因此選擇B項“collect”。3.B.Bluetooth解析：在物聯網系統中，藍牙是一種用于設備間通信的關鍵技術，因此選擇B項“Bluetooth”。4.B.Python解析：Python是一種常用于開發物聯網應用的編程語言，因此選擇B項“Python”。5.B.three解析：物聯網設備通常由傳感器、微控制器和連接模塊三個主要組件組成，因此選擇B項“three”。6.B.MQTT解析：MQTT是一種用于物聯網系統數據通信的協議，因此選擇B項“MQTT”。7.A.transferring解析：將數據從物聯網設備傳輸到云服務器的過程稱為數據傳輸，因此選擇A項“transferring”。8.A.Smarthome解析：智能家居是一個使用傳感器來監控環境條件的物聯網應用示例，因此選擇A項“Smarthome”。9.A.exposure解析：由于敏感信息可能被泄露，物聯網系統中的數據安全是一個主要問題，因此選擇A項“exposure”。10.A.Encryption解析：加密是用于保護物聯網系統中數據傳輸的一種技術，因此選擇A項“Encryption”。二、閱讀理解題11.SensorsinanIoTsystemareusedtocollectdatafromtheenvironment,whichisthenprocessedandusedtomakedecisionsorprovidevaluableinsights.解析：物聯網系統中的傳感器用于收集環境數據，這些數據隨后被處理并用于做出決策或提供有價值的見解。12.ThecommunicationprotocolsusedinanIoTsystemincludeHTTP,MQTT,andCoAP.解析：物聯網系統中使用的通信協議包括HTTP、MQTT和CoAP。13.Theprocessofcollectingandprocessingdatafrommultiplesourcesiscalleddataaggregation.解析：從多個來源收集和處理數據的過程稱為數據聚合。14.SecurityisamajorconcerninIoTsystemsduetothepotentialforunauthorizedaccessanddatabreaches,whichcanleadtothecompromiseofsensitiveinformation