蘭州大學博士英語考試試題及答案

一、單項選擇題（每題2分，共20分）

1.Theword"phenomenon"isderivedfromwhichlanguage?

A.Latin

B.Greek

C.French

D.German

答案：B

2.WhichofthefollowingisnotapartoftheUnitedKingdom?

A.England

B.Scotland

C.Wales

D.Ireland

答案：D

3.Theterm"renaissance"means:

A.rebirth

B.revolution

C.discovery

D.enlightenment

答案：A

4.InEnglishgrammar,whatisthetermforawordorgroupofwordsthatcontainsasubjectandapredicate?

A.Clause

B.Phrase

C.Sentence

D.Nounphrase

答案：C

5.Whoistheauthoroftheplay"RomeoandJuliet"?

A.WilliamShakespeare

B.CharlesDickens

C.JaneAusten

D.GeorgeOrwell

答案：A

6.Whichofthefollowingisnotatypeofrenewableenergy?

A.Solar

B.Wind

C.Fossilfuels

D.Hydroelectric

答案：C

7.Theprefix"un-"inEnglishtypicallymeans:

A.One

B.Not

C.Again

D.Under

答案：B

8.Thechemicalsymbolforoxygenis:

A.O

B.H

C.C

D.N

答案：A

9.Whichofthefollowingisaverb?

A.House

B.Beautiful

C.Quickly

D.Run

答案：D

10.Inthecontextofliterature,whatdoestheterm"allegory"referto?

A.Atypeofpoem

B.Astorywithahiddenmeaning

C.Aformofdrama

D.Atypeofnovel

答案：B

二、多項選擇題（每題2分，共20分）

11.WhichofthefollowingareconsideredmajorEnglish-speakingcountries?

A.UnitedStates

B.Australia

C.China

D.UnitedKingdom

答案：A,B,D

12.Whatarethemaincomponentsofacell?

A.Nucleus

B.Cellmembrane

C.Mitochondria

D.Ribosomes

答案：A,B,C,D

13.Whichofthefollowingaretypesofliterature?

A.Poetry

B.Shortstories

C.Novels

D.Plays

答案：A,B,C,D

14.WhataresomecommontensesinEnglish?

A.Presentsimple

B.Pastperfect

C.Futurecontinuous

D.Presentperfectcontinuous

答案：A,B,C,D

15.Whichofthefollowingareconsideredplanetsinoursolarsystem?

A.Mercury

B.Earth

C.Pluto

D.Mars

答案：A,B,D

16.Whataresomeofthebasicelementsofanarrative?

A.Setting

B.Characters

C.Plot

D.Theme

答案：A,B,C,D

17.Whichofthefollowingareconsideredformsofnon-verbalcommunication?

A.Facialexpressions

B.Gestures

C.Posture

D.Toneofvoice

答案：A,B,C,D

18.Whataresomecommonreasonsforimmigration?

A.Economicopportunity

B.Familyreunification

C.Education

D.Politicalasylum

答案：A,B,C,D

19.Whichofthefollowingareconsideredmajorworldreligions?

A.Christianity

B.Islam

C.Buddhism

D.Hinduism

答案：A,B,C,D

20.Whataresomecommonmethodsofdatacollectioninresearch?

A.Surveys

B.Interviews

C.Observations

D.Experiments

答案：A,B,C,D

三、判斷題（每題2分，共20分）

21.Theverb"tobe"isthemostcommonlyusedverbinEnglish.(True/False)

答案：True

22.TheEarthrevolvesaroundtheSuninacircularorbit.(True/False)

答案：False

23.Theprefix"auto-"means"self"inEnglish.(True/False)

答案：True

24.Thenovel"1984"waswrittenbyGeorgeOrwell.(True/False)

答案：True

25.Theterm"sustainabledevelopment"referstodevelopmentthatmeetstheneedsofthepresentwithoutcompromisingtheabilityoffuturegenerationstomeettheirownneeds.(True/False)

答案：True

26.TheEiffelTowerislocatedinParis,France.(True/False)

答案：True

27.TheGreatWallofChinaisvisiblefromspacewiththenakedeye.(True/False)

答案：False

28.Thechemicalelementgoldhasthesymbol"Au".(True/False)

答案：True

29.Theword"billion"inAmericanEnglishisequivalentto"athousandmillion"inBritishEnglish.(True/False)

答案：True

30.TheAmazonRainforestisthelargestrainforestintheworld.(True/False)

答案：True

四、簡答題（每題5分，共20分）

31.Whatarethefourmaintypesofliterature?

答案：Poetry,Drama,Prose,andNon-fiction.

32.Explainthedifferencebetween"active"and"passive"voiceinEnglishgrammar.

答案：Inactivevoice,thesubjectperformstheaction,whileinpassivevoice,thesubjectisactedupon.

33.WhatarethethreebranchesoftheU.S.government?

答案：Legislative,Executive,andJudicial.

34.Describetheprocessofphotosynthesisinplants.

答案：Photosynthesisistheprocessbywhichgreenplantsandsomeotherorganismsusesunlighttosynthesizefoodswiththehelpofchlorophyllpigment.

五、討論題（每題5分，共20分）

35.Discusstheroleoftechnologyinmoderneducation.

答案：Technologyhasrevolutionizededucationbyprovidingaccesstoawealthofinformation,enablinginteractivelearning,andfacilitatingcommunicationbetweenstudentsandeducators.

36.Whatarethepotentialconsequencesofclimatechange,andwhatcanbedonetomitigatethem?

答案：Climatechangecanleadtorisingsealevels,extremeweatherevents,andlossofbiodiversity.Mitigationeffortsincludereducinggreenhousegasemissions,reforestation,andtransitioningtorenewableenergysources.

37.Howdoesglobalizationaffectculture?

答案：Globalizationcanleadtothespreadofculturalideasandpractices,butitcanalsoresultinculturalhomogenizationandthelossoflocaltraditions.

38.