1/15Unit2WarmingUpandReading夯實(shí)基礎(chǔ)訓(xùn)練過基礎(chǔ)教材基礎(chǔ)鞏固一、單詞拼寫1._______vt.&vi.使變大;伸展2. _______adv.因此;所以；因而3. _______vi.&n.努力;拼搏4._______n.&饑餓；欲望付vt.&vi.(使）饑餓→_______adj.饑餓的5. _______adj.引起煩惱的；令人不安的→disturbvt._______6. _______vt.&vi輸出；出口→_______vt.進(jìn)口7. _______n.自主；自由→freeadj._______8._______n.戰(zhàn)役;戰(zhàn)斗;斗爭(zhēng);搏斗;奮斗9._______n.十年;十年期10._______vt.&vi配備;裝備→_________n.裝備→equippedadj._______二、 短語互譯1. careabout_______2. searchfor_______3. 懷有……的希望_______4. 對(duì)……感到滿意_______5. 與……作斗爭(zhēng)_______三、 用適當(dāng)?shù)亩陶Z完成句子1. Aslongasyou_______(為 而奮斗）yourdream,youwillsucceedoneday.2._______(幸虧)histimelyassistance,wegotoutofthedarkcavesafely.3. Fmsureallofyou_______(完全具備）theknowledgeforthejob.4. She_______(寧愿）workinthehometownaftergraduatingfromtheuniversity.5. Thefarmertoldmethattheschoolinhishometownwas_______(急需）Englishteachers.6. Yourhelp_______(起了很大的作用）一Icometounderstandtheworkbetternow.7.Someofthem_______(不滿意）theirjobs,buttheydon′thaveanyotherchoices.8. Tomakemoreprogressinyourstudies,youshould_______(改掉）thatbadhabit.四、翻譯句子1. 具備這項(xiàng)專業(yè)知識(shí)，我就可以設(shè)計(jì)出保護(hù)淡水的最佳方案。(equip…with…）_______,Icandesignthebestplantoprotectthefreshwater.2. 我認(rèn)為能被邀請(qǐng)加入這個(gè)足球俱樂部是莫大的榮幸。（it作形式賓語）I_______tojointhefootballclub.3. 我們校園的面積大約是你們校園的三倍。（as...as...)Ourcampusisabout_______yours.4. 經(jīng)過許多天的航行，他們到達(dá)了如今被稱為美洲的地方。（what引導(dǎo)的賓語從句）Aftermanydays′voyage,theyarrivedin_______now.5. 真正的友誼猶如健康，非到失去時(shí)才知其可貴。(”介詞+關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)的定語從句）Truefriendshipislikehealth,_______isseldomknownuntilitislost.過能力語言知識(shí)運(yùn)用一、易混易錯(cuò)辨析1.morethan/notmorethan/nomorethan(1) Atthattimeshewasstillveryyoung,_______fifteen,anddesignedacomputerprogram.(2)Asforincome,Ithinkmostpeopledeserve_______whattheygetnow.(3)Whatittakestoreachthisobjectiveis_______astrongwill.2. battle/war/fight/struggle(1)Itwasahard_______,butwefinallyfinishedtheproject.(2)Hisfatherhaslivedthroughthetwoworld_______.(3)ThepainterdescribedNapoleonatthe_______ofWaterloo.(4)Jimwasabletoholdbackhisangerandavoida_______.3. expand/extend/spread(1) Thekindoftreewill_______toaround90meters,iflefttodevelopnaturally.(2) Intenyearsthecity’spopulationhas_______by12%.(3)He_______hisarmsouttothemasifheweregivingthemablessing.二、單句語法填空1.Ifhefailed,wouldhehavetowaituntilnextyearfor_______secondtry?2. Itrainedhardand_______thesportsmeetinghadtobepostponed.3.Itisknownthatagoodeducationshouldequipyou_______life.4. Aftertenlongyears’struggle_______povertyshebroughtupherson.5. Idon’tagreewithhimonthat_______hemightberight.6. Haveyouconsidered_______(make)useofthelabinyourfreeclass?7. Inmodernsociety,wedonˊthavethe_______(free)todowhateverwelike.8. Population_______(expand)isoneofthemostseriousproblemsinthemodernworld.9. Thestudyfindsthatabout40percentofthefood_______(produce)intheUnitedStatesiswasted.10. Bothsidesconsider_______desirabletofurthertheunderstandingbetweenthetwocountries.三、語法填空YuanLongpingwasbornin1930andgraduatedfromSouthwestAgriculturalCollegein1953,1hungerwasabigproblemformanypeopleinthecountryside.Sincethen,findingwaystogrowmorerice2(be)hislifegoal.Andhesearchedforaway3(increase)riceharvestswithoutexpandingtheareaofthefields.Now,he4 (consider)asagreatmanwhodevoteshislifeto5(find)awaytoincreasethericeoutput.Asoneofthemostfamousscientists,hegrowswhatiscalledsuperhybridricewhichhas6highoutput.Usinghishybridrice,farmersareproducingharveststwiceaslargeasbefore.7，hedoesn’tcareaboutbeingfamous.Hefeelsitgiveshim8(little)freedomtodohisresearch.Hewouldratherkeeptimeforhis9(hobby).Heenjoyslisteningtoviolinmusic,swimmingandreading.Moneymeansverylittletohim.Indeed,hebelievesthataperson10toomuchmoneyhasmoreratherthanfewertroubles.1.__2.__3.__4.__5.__6.__7.__8.__9.__10.__過拓展語言能力提升一、完形填空Itwasthelastdayofthefinalexaminationinalargeeasternuniversity.Onthestepsofonebuilding,agroupofengineeringseniorsgathered,discussingtheexamduetobegininafew1Ontheirfaceswasconfidence.Thiswastheirlastexam—thenonto2andjobs.Sometalkedofjobstheyalreadyhad；otherstalkedofjobsthey3get.Withthecertaintyoffouryearsofcollege,theyfeltreadyandabletotake4 oftheworld.Thecomingexam,theyknew,wouldbea(n)5 task.Theprofessorhadsaidtheycouldbring6booksornotestheywanted,requestingonlythattheyshouldn’t7eachotherduringthetest.8 ,theyenteredtheclassroom.Theprofessorpassedoutthepapers.Andsmiles9onthestudents’facesastheynoted(注意到）therewereonlyfiveessay-typequestions.Threehourshadpassed10theprofessorbegantocollectthepapers.Thestudentsnolongerlookedconfident.Ontheirfaceswasafrightenedexpression.Papersinhand，noonespokeastheprofessorfacedtheclass.Helookedatthe11facesbeforehim,andthenasked,Howmanystudentscompletedallfivequestions?"12ahandwasraised."Howmanyansweredfour?"Stillnohands."Three?Two?"Thestudentsmovedrestlessly(煩躁地)intheirseats."One,then?Certainlysomebodyfinished13.〞Buttheclassremainedsilent.Theprofessorputdownthepapers."ThatisexactlywhatI14 ，""Hesaid."Ijustwanttoimpressuponyouthat15youhavecompletedfouryearsofengineering,therearestillmanythingsaboutthe16youdon’tknow.Thesequestionsyoucouldn’tanswerarerelatively17ineverydaypractice.nThensmiling,headded,’’Youwillall18thiscourse,butremember—eventhoughyouarenowcollegegraduates，youreducationhasjust19 ."Overyearstheyhave20thenameoftheprofessor,butnotthelessonhetaught.1. A. seconds B. hoursC. days D. minutes2. A. interviews B. graduationC. discussions D. education3. A. must B. hadtoC. oughtto D. would4. A. hold B. advantageC. control D. place5. A. interesting B. disturbingC.easy D. unusual6. A.no B. anyC.some D. either7. A.talkto B. listentoC.lookat D. referto8. A.Nervously B. JoyfullyC.Quickly D. Curiously9. A.appeared B. changedC.froze D. stopped10. A.before B.untilC. as D. after11. A. pleased B. surprisedC. moved D. worried12. A. Not B. OnceC. Only D. Even13. A. all B. oneC. none D. it14. A. wondered B. focusedC. expected D. hated15. A. incase B. asthoughC. nowthat D. eventhough16. A. exam B. questionC. subject D. occupation17. A. valuable B. difficultC. common D. strange18. A. fail B. passC. take D. start19. A. completed B. begunC. continued D. succeeded20. A. forgotten B. understoodC. remembered D. strengthened二、閱讀理解AftergivinguphisjobasadesignerforRalphLaurenin2011，F(xiàn)osterHuntingtonstartedtohaveanomadic(流浪的）lifestyle,wanderingaroundthecountryinacar.Tomakeendsmeet,heworkedasaphotographerandbloggerandevenpublishedabookcalledHomeIsWhereYouParkItabouthislifestyle.Butallgoodthingshavetocometoanend.In2014,theyoungmanwasreadytosettledowninamorepermanenthome.Formostpeoplethatwouldbeanapartmentorsingle-familyhome.Butthatwasnotforthefree-spiritedHuntington.Instead,hedecidedtobuildatreehouse，notacommonone，butaparadise（樂園）thatprovideshimwithbreathtakingviews,somewood-firedhottubsandevenaskatepark!CalledCinderConeTreehouse,itsitsonHuntington’sfamilylandinSkamania,Washingtonandconsistsoftwoseparatestructuresthatareconnectedbyabridge.Builtsafelybetweenbigtreesthatsitatthetopofahill,thewoodenhouseoffershimamazingviewsofthesurroundingwilderness.Thelowerstructurecalledthestudio，servesasHuntington’soffice,kitchen,andguesthouse,whiletheoctagoncabinthatliesacross,functionsashisbedroom.Measuring220squarefeeteach,theroomsarenotlikeapalaceinourimagination.ButtheyprovideallthecomfortofhomeandworkwellforHuntington,whohasapreferenceforlivinginsmallspaces.Whilethetreehouseiscertainlycool,whatisevenmoreamazingarethewood-burninghottubslyingaroundtheareaandtheskateparkthatwascarvedoutfromanearbyhill.Ofcourse,alittleparadiselikethisisnoteasyorcheap.CinderConeTreehousetookHuntingtonandhisconstructionteamayeartobuild，andcost170,000dollars—andthatdidn’tincludethepriceoftheland!Butthephotographerandbloggerwhosayshissurroundingsinspirehimtobemorecreativeisnotconcerned.Heislivinghisdream.Huntingtonhopeshecanencourageotherstodothesameandhasevenpublishedabookthatoutlineshisexperienceandservesasaguideforthosewhowishtobuildtheirowndreamtreehouse.1. WhatdoweknowaboutFosterHuntingtonbeforehebuiltthetreehouse?A.Heexpectedtorisetofamethroughwritingbooks.B.Heshowedgreatinterestindesigningtreehouses.C.Hebecametiredofworkinginsidetheoffice.D.Hechosetoliveasfreealifeashepreferred.2. WhichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribeHuntington’streehouse?A. Expensive,comfortableandcool.B. Crowded,expensiveandfunctional.C. Unique,woodenandcheap.D. Special,quietandexpensive.3. AccordingtoHuntington,histreehousewill__.A. inspirehimtocreatemoreartworksB. actasagoodexampleforotherstofollowC. helpotherslivetheirdreamtothefullestD. helphimwriteaguideforothers4. Whatshouldbethebesttitleofthispassage?A. HowtoLeadaFreeLifestyleintheTreeB. Free-spiritedHuntingtonC. TheAmazingTreeHouseD. TheCharactersofanUnusualTreeHouse參考答案和解析：一、單詞拼寫1.expand 2.Therefore3.struggle 4.hunger；hungry5.disturibing;打擾6.export;import7.freedom;自由的8.battle9.decade 10.equip;equipment;裝備的二、短語互譯1.在乎;在意;喜歡 2.尋找，搜尋3. withthehopeof 4.besatisfiedwith5.struggleagainst/with...三、用適當(dāng)?shù)亩陶Z完成句子1.strugglefor 2.Thanksto 3.arewellequippedwith4.wouldrather 5.ingreatneedof6.hasmadeabigdifference7.arenotsatisfiedwith8.getridof/ridyourselfof四、翻譯句子1.Equippedwiththeprofessionalknowledge【解題思路】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，邏輯主語I與equip之間是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，beequippedwith”具備，具有（能力、品質(zhì)、知識(shí)等）"，為固定短語，故空處填Equippedwiththeprofessionalknowledge。2.consideritagreathonortobeinvited【解題思路】考查形式賓語本句中真正的賓語是tobeinvited…，it是形式賓語，agreathonor是賓語補(bǔ)足語。3. threetimesaslargeas【解題思路】考查倍數(shù)表達(dá)法。此處倍數(shù)的表達(dá)方式是:倍數(shù)+as+形容詞的原級(jí)+as...。【知識(shí)拓展】常見的倍數(shù)表達(dá)方式： "...times+形容詞/副詞的比較級(jí)+than...”。例如：Thishallisfivetimesbiggerthanourclassroom.這個(gè)大廳比我們的教室大四倍。② ”...times+as+形容詞/副詞的原級(jí)+as.例如：Thistableisthreetimesaslongasthatone.這張桌子是那張桌子的三倍長(zhǎng)。③ ”…times+the+名詞（size，height，weight,length，width等）+of...例如：Theearthis49timesthesizeofthemoon,地球的體積是月球的四十九倍。④ "...times+asmany(或much)+名詞+as... 。例如：Hehasgotthreetimesasmanybooksashissister.他擁有的書的數(shù)量是他妹妹的三倍。⑤ ”...times+what從句”。例如：Thepriceofthemeatnowistwicewhatitwaslastyear?現(xiàn)在的肉價(jià)是去年的兩倍。4. whatiscalledAmerica【解題思路】考查名詞性從句。根據(jù)提示詞可知，此處應(yīng)用what引導(dǎo)賓語從句，作介詞in的賓語。5. ofwhichthevalue【解題思路】考查定語從句。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，本句包含一個(gè)非限制性定語從句，先行詞是Truefriendship，關(guān)系詞指代先行詞，且和valve之間是所屬關(guān)系，故填ofwhichthevalue。過能力語言知識(shí)運(yùn)用一、易混易錯(cuò)辨析1.(1)notmorethan【解題思路】句意:那時(shí)她還很小，不超過15歲，設(shè)計(jì)了一款電腦程序。依據(jù)句中的stillveryyoung可知，這里應(yīng)用notmorethan，表示”不超過"。(2)morethan【解題思路】句意:至于收入，我認(rèn)為大多數(shù)人都應(yīng)得到比他們現(xiàn)在得到的更多些。根據(jù)句意可知，應(yīng)用morethan,意為”多于……"。(3)nomorethan【解題思路】句意:要達(dá)到這個(gè)目標(biāo)，需要的只是堅(jiān)定的意志。根據(jù)句意可知，此處用nomorethan,表示”只是，僅僅"。【妙辨異同】notmorethan表示”不超過”；morethan表示”比 更多"；nomorethan表示n不過，僅僅”。2. (l)struggle【解題思路】句意:雖然很艱辛，但是我們終于完成了那項(xiàng)計(jì)劃。struggle指長(zhǎng)時(shí)間的難做的事，用在此處符合句意。(2) wars【解題思路】句意:他父親經(jīng)歷過兩次世界大戰(zhàn)。war是戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的總稱，指大型的、耗時(shí)長(zhǎng)久的戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)。worldwar”世界大戰(zhàn)”，two暗示其后接名詞復(fù)數(shù)wars。(3) battle【解題思路】句意:那位畫家描繪了滑鐵盧戰(zhàn)役中的拿破侖。battle指大型戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)中的戰(zhàn)斗或戰(zhàn)役。thebattleofWaterloo”滑鐵盧戰(zhàn)役”。(4) fight【解題思路】句意:Jim忍住了怒氣，避免了一場(chǎng)斗毆。fight多指具體的人與人之間的爭(zhēng)斗，用在此處符合句意。【妙辨異同】struggle指長(zhǎng)時(shí)間、激烈的爭(zhēng)斗，多指肉體、精神上的戰(zhàn)斗;也可指長(zhǎng)時(shí)間的難事。war是戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的總稱cbattle指大型戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)中的戰(zhàn)斗或戰(zhàn)役。fight指具體的人與人之間或動(dòng)物之間的爭(zhēng)斗。3. (l)extend【解題思路】句意:如果任其自然生長(zhǎng)，這種樹可以長(zhǎng)到約90米高。此處指樹木高度的延伸，故用extend。(2)expanded【解題思路】句意:十年之間該城市人口增加了百分之十二。此處指人口數(shù)量的增加，故用expand。(3)spread【解題思路】句意:他張開雙臂仿佛要祝福他們一樣。此處指動(dòng)作"伸開”，故用spread。【妙辨異同】extend伸出，延伸"，指空間范圍的擴(kuò)大，以及長(zhǎng)度、寬度的朝外延伸，也可指時(shí)間的延長(zhǎng)。expand"展開，擴(kuò)大”，不僅指尺寸的增加，還可指范圍和體積的擴(kuò)大以及尺碼、數(shù)量和重要性的增加。spread"伸開，傳播”，一般指向四面八方擴(kuò)大傳播的范圍，如傳播（疾病）、散布（信息）等，也可指伸開雙臂、雙腿等。二、單句語法填空1. a【解題思路】考查冠詞。句意:如果他失敗的話，是不是還得等到明年才能再試一次？此處表示"又一，再一"之意，因此用"a+序數(shù)詞+名詞"。【知識(shí)拓展】序數(shù)詞前面一般加定冠詞表示”第幾"，但在second、third等詞前加不定冠詞表示"又一，再一"。如：SonowIgettocheckthewholethingforasecondtime.所以現(xiàn)在我開始再次檢查所有的事情。Onthethirdlaphelefttheotherrunnerefarbehind.跑到第三圈時(shí)，他已經(jīng)把其他跑步的人遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)拋在后面了。2.therefore/thus【解題思路】考查副詞。句意:天下著大雨，因此運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)不得不延期。前后是因果關(guān)系，因此用therefore或thus表示"所以，因此"。3. for【解題思路】考查介詞。句意:眾所周知，良好的教育能受用終生。equip….for...表示”使作好……準(zhǔn)備，使有能力”，由于受equip...with...的干擾，此題考生易誤填with,equip...with...意為"用……裝備"。4. against【解題思路】考查固定短語。句意:在貧困中掙扎了十年后，她總算把兒子撫養(yǎng)成人。根據(jù)空后的poverty可知，空處應(yīng)填against。5.although/though【解題思路】考查讓步狀語從句。句意:在那一點(diǎn)上，我不同意他的意見，盡管他可能是對(duì)的。根據(jù)句意可知，空處引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，因此填although或though。6. making【解題思路】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意:你有沒有考慮過在自由活動(dòng)課上利用這個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)室呢？consider后接動(dòng)詞時(shí)，應(yīng)用動(dòng)名詞作賓語。故填making。7. freedom【解題思路】考查詞形轉(zhuǎn)換。句意:在現(xiàn)代社會(huì)，我們不能隨心所欲做任何我們喜歡做的事情。havethefreedomtodosth.是固定用法，意為”有做某事的自由"。8. expansion【解題思路】考查詞形轉(zhuǎn)換。句意:人口驟增是現(xiàn)代社會(huì)最嚴(yán)峻的問題之一。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處是”人口驟增"，在句中.作主語，因此用expand的名詞形式。9. produced【解題思路】考查過去分詞作定語。句意:研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，在美國(guó)生產(chǎn)的大約40%的食物都被浪費(fèi)了。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，food與produce是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，且賓語從句中有謂語動(dòng)詞iswasted,因此這里用過去分詞作后置定語。10.it【解題思路】考查形式賓語。句意:雙方認(rèn)為增進(jìn)兩國(guó)之間的了解是可取的。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，這里用it作形式賓語，代替句子真正的賓語tofurthertheunderstandingbetweenthetwocountries,因此填it。【知識(shí)拓展】當(dāng)不定式（短語）、動(dòng)名詞（短語）或從句在某個(gè)句子中作賓語時(shí)，為保持句子結(jié)構(gòu)平衡，避免句式結(jié)構(gòu)的混亂，常用it作形式賓語，而將真正的賓語放在句尾。通常和下列動(dòng)詞連用：think,make,find,consider,feel,suppose三、語法填空【解題導(dǎo)語】本文主要介紹了農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué)家袁隆平。1. when【解題思路】考查定語從句。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾時(shí)間狀語in1953，故用when。2. hasbeen【解題思路】考查時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。由時(shí)間狀語Sincethen可知，此處應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。又因主語是"findingwaystogrowmorerice”，故應(yīng)用hasbeen。3. toincrease【解題思路】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。awaytodosth.是習(xí)慣搭配，表示”做某事的方法”。故此處填toincrease。4. isconsidered【解題思路】考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)。句子的主語he與consider是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，再由時(shí)間狀語Now可知，此處應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)。5. finding【解題思路】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。Devote…to…意為”致力于……"，其中to是介詞，其后接名詞或動(dòng)名詞。故此處填find的動(dòng)名詞形式finding。6.a【解題思路】考查冠詞。ahighoutput表示”高產(chǎn)量”，故填不定冠詞a。7. However【解題思路】考查副詞。根據(jù)語境可知，上下文內(nèi)容含有轉(zhuǎn)折含義，故填However。8. less【解題思路】考查形容詞的比較級(jí)。由語境可知，此處表示”更少的自由’’，含有比較意味，故用little的比較級(jí)less。9.hobbies【解題思路】考查名詞復(fù)數(shù)。根據(jù)下文內(nèi)容可知，他喜歡聽音樂、游泳、讀書。這些不是一種愛好，且hobby為可數(shù)名詞，因此用hobby的復(fù)數(shù)形式。10.with【解題思路】考查介詞。由語境可知，這里指有錢的人，with表示”具有，擁有"。過拓展語言能力提升—、完形填空【解題導(dǎo)語】一個(gè)教授通過一場(chǎng)畢業(yè)考試來告訴學(xué)生一個(gè)道理：即使他們大學(xué)畢業(yè)了，但是他們的教育其實(shí)才剛剛開始。【重點(diǎn)詞語鏈接】restlessly不安寧地；煩躁地Sheshiftedrestlesslyinherchair.她坐在椅子上，煩躁不安。1.D【解題思路】根據(jù)下文可知學(xué)生們正在等候考試，故D項(xiàng)正確，即幾分鐘之后。2.B【解題思路】根據(jù)上文中的”Itwasthelastdayofthefinalexaminationinalargeeasternuniversity”可知，他們考完試就可以畢業(yè)（graduation)了。3.D【解題思路】一些人在討論已經(jīng)找到的工作，有的人在討論將會(huì)找到的工作。would”將要”。4.C【解題思路】他們感覺已經(jīng)準(zhǔn)備好了，能夠掌控這個(gè)世界了。takecontrolof”控制”，為固定短語。5.C【解題思路】根據(jù)下文可知，教授說他們可以帶任何書籍或者筆記去