2021-2022學年山東省淄博市高二上學期期末考試英語試題注意事項：1.答卷前，考生務必將自己的姓名、考生號等填寫在答題卡和試卷指定位置上。2.回答選擇題時，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對應題目的答案標號涂黑。如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標號。回答非選擇題時，將答案寫在答題卡上。寫在本試卷上無效。3.考試結束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分聽力（共兩節，滿分30分）做題時，先將答案標在試卷上。錄音內容結束后，你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉涂到答題卡上。第一節（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.Whenwillthemanhavedinnertomorrow?A.At6o’clockB.At8o’clock.C.At10o’clock.2.WhichyearofcollegeisWilliamin?A.Thesecondyear.B.Thethirdyear.C.Thefourthyear.3.WhyisSamgoingtoVietnam?A.Totravelaround.B.Togoonbusiness.C.Totakesomephotographs.4.Whathashappenedtothewoman?A.Shegotlockedout.B.Shelostherkey.C.Shewenttothewrongroom.5.WhydidNancyprobablycatsolittleatlunch?A.Shewasfull.B.Thefoodtastedhorrible.C.Shehadatoothache.第二節（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whatdidthewomanlose?A.Somepapers.B.Acomputer.C.Apurse.7.Whatisthetotalworthofthewoman’slostthings?A.￡40.B.￡65.C.￡90.聽第7段材料，回答第8至10題。8.WhyisSusansoupset?A.Herfiendshavenotimetopractice.B.Herconcertisgoingtobecanceled.C.Herinjurymayaffectherconcert.9.WhatdoesSusansayaboutJim?A.Heisnotreliable.B.Heisunfitforthetask.C.Heistoobusytocome.10.HowdoesSusandecidetosolvetheproblem?A.ByaskingJimforhelp.B.Byplayingtheviolinherself.C.Bypracticingmorebeforetheconcert.聽第8段材料，回答第11和第12題。11.Whatdidthewomanfindattheofficeinthemorning?A.Shecouldn’tconnecttotheInternet.B.Theairconditionerdidn’twork.C.Theofficewasn’tclean.12.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Poorlifequality.B.Poorcustomerservice.C.Poorworkingenvironment.聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.HowfarisitfromtheairporttoMiltonexactly?A.140miles.B.147miles.C.150miles.14.Whydoesthemannotwanttorentacar?A.Itcostsalot.B.Hecan’tdrive.C.Hedoesn’twanttodrive.15.Whatistheadvantageoftheshuttle?A.It’sthecheapest.B.Itinvolveshotelbooking.C.Itprovidesdoor-to-doorservice.16.HowmanywaysaretheretogettoMilton?A.Three.B.Four.C.Five.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.HowisSallygoingtoleadthetour?A.Bybus.B.Bybike.C.Onfoot.18.Whatdidthelocalpeoplewanttousethelandfor?A.Housing.B.Outdooractivities.C.Anindoorsportsbuilding.19.Whereistherosegarden?A.Inthewestoftheformalgardens.B.Intheeastoftheformalgardens.C.Inthenorthoftheformalgardens.20.Whatisthenaturalreserveusedfortheleast?A.Cycling.B.Observingplants.C.Havingoutdoorclasses.第二部分閱讀（共兩節，滿分50分）第一節（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。AWithholidaygreenery,colorfullights,andoutdoorfunlikeiceskating,wintercanbeamagicalseason.Whetherlookingforwardtoskiingorsnowboardingorhopingtoescapetowarmerclimates,youcanhaveagoodchoiceamongthetopEastCoastwinterdestinationswerecommendhere.StoweHeadtothetown,knownastheSkiCapitaloftheEast,forskiingandotherwinteractivities.YoucanalsochooseacarridetothepeakbeforediningontypicalAmericanfoods.Takeabreakandenjoysweettreatsorbeerproducedhere.Needasouvenir?StopintoStoweMapleProductsforit.KennebunkportItisperfectforaromanticoradventure-packedweekendtrip.InDecember,thetownhostsan11-dayChristmasPre-celebration,completewithafantasticholidaytree.YoucanvisitthePortlandMuseumofArt.MiamiLookingforanurbanbeachtrip?HeadtoMiami,wheretheweatheriswarmandthecityofferseverythingfromsandybeaches,eye-poppingarchitecturetothenationalpark.Youcanhikeorwalkthroughmangroves(紅樹林)tospotlocalwildlifelikesealsanddolphins.LakePlacidHostofthe1931and1980WinterOlympics,thisclassicalvillageisstillacenterforwintersports.Therearephotographsandmedalsfromthecity’sgames.EnjoydinnerwithaviewofthelakeattheTopofthePark,whichservessmallplatesaswellasmaindishes.Aftermakingyourchoice,pleaseclickheretofillintheformandwe’llofferyouthebestplanforyourdreamyholiday.1.WhichdestinationshowsafestivalatmosphereinDecember?A.Stowe,Vermont. B.C.Miami,Florida. D.2.WhowillbemostprobablyattractedtovisitMiami?A.Naturelovers. B.Drivingenthusiasts,C.Skiers. D.Athletes.3.WhatisthespecialfeatureofLakePlacid,A.Itsclassicalvillage. B.Itsdinnerswithvariousdishes.C.Itsgoodviewofthelake. D.Itsfameforhostingworldgames.【答案】1.B2.A3.D【解析】【分析】這是一篇應用文。主要推薦了幾個冬季旅行目的地的基本情況。【1題詳解】細節理解題。根據Kennebunkport,Maine部分“InDecember,thetownhostsan11-dayChristmasPre-celebration,completewithafantasticholidaytree.”（12月，該鎮將舉辦為期11天的圣誕節前慶祝活動，并配有一棵奇妙的圣誕樹。）可知，在緬因州的Kennebunkport,12月有圣誕節前慶祝活動，并配有奇妙的圣誕樹，有節日氣氛。故選B項。【2題詳解】推理判斷題。根據Miami,Florida部分“Youcanhikeorwalkthroughmangroves(紅樹林)tospotlocalwildlifelikesealsanddolphins.”（你可以徒步或步行穿過紅樹林，看到當地的野生動物，如海豹和海豚。）可知，在邁阿密可以享受自然風光，所以自然愛好者可能會被邁阿密吸引。故選A項。【3題詳解】細節理解題。根據LakePlacid,NY部分“Hostofthe1931and1980WinterOlympics,thisclassicalvillageisstillacenterforwintersports.Therearephotographsandmedalsfromthecity’sgames.”（作為1931年和1980年冬奧會的東道主，這個經典的村莊仍然是冬季運動的中心。這里有該市奧運會的照片和獎牌。）可知，紐約的LakePlacid因主辦奧運會而聞名，奧運會是世界性運動，即它因舉辦世界性運動聞名。故選D項。BTheAfricanBushElephantcanweighupto5.5tons,makingitoneofthelargestmammals(哺乳動物)alive.Itisonlysecondtothegiraffeintermsofheight!Previouslythoughttoexistasonespecies,boththeAfricanBushElephantandAfricanForestElephantwerediscoveredtobetwodifferentsubspecies.Basically,theybothhaveverybigears.But,theBushElephantislargerandhasalightercolorandoutwardcurving(彎曲)longteeth,whereastheForestElephantissmaller,verydarkandhasdownwardfacingstraightteeth.TheAfricanBushElephant’shabitatisgivenawaybyitsname—intheAfricanBush!ThisincludesgrasslandsandprimaryforestwithinCentralandSouthernAfrica.TheselocationsareperfectareasfortheAfricanBushElephanttofindfood.AnidealmealfortheAfricanBushElephantconsistsofplentyofgrass,fruits,androots.Theirteethcanbeusedfordigging.Allelephantsaresocialandliveinsocieties.Thismeansthattheyareledbyanolder,moreexperiencedfemale,andfemalessticktogether.Asmigrantanimals,theyareconstantlytravellingtogethertosearchforfoodandkeeptheiryoungsafe.Althoughpopulationlevelsarerecovering,AfricanBushElephantsfacemanythreats.Similartootherspecies,lossoflandreducestheavailabilityoffoodandwater,meaningtheyhavetotravelfurther.What’sworse,somewon’tsurvivethejourneyiftheycrosspathswithpoachers(偷獵者).AfricanBushElephantsaren’tjustkilledfortheillegaltrade,buttheyareoftenthesufferersofconflictswithlocalpeopletoo.Tohelpthem,weneedtogivethemroomtotravel!ApossiblesolutionwouldbetoprovidewildliferoadsthatallowtheAfricanBushElephanttotravelwithoutcomingintoconflictwithpeople.TheAfricanWildlifeFoundationcombinesgovernmentsandcommunitiesinAfricaandworkstosetlandasideforthispurpose.Similarly,educationthatencouragespeopletounderstandtheAfricanBushElephantcanchangeawarenessandreducelocalhuntingpressure.4.WhichisthepictureofanAfricanForestElephant?A. B. C. D.5.WherecanyoufindanAfricanBushElephant?A.MountainsinAfrica.B.ForestsinWesternAfrica.C.GrasslandsinCentralAfrica.D.DesertareasinSouthernAfrica.6.What’sthemainthreattotheAfricanBushElephants?A.Lackofleadingfemaleelephants.B.Developmentofthetrade.C.Lowlevelofsocialization.D.Worselivingconditions.7.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“thispurpose"inthelastparagraphreferto?A.Providingpassageways. B.Travellingfurther.C.Fightingwithothers. D.Educatingpeople.【答案】4.B5.C6.D7.A【解析】【分析】本文為一篇說明文，介紹了非洲叢林象的外貌特征、生活習性及生存面臨的威脅，并提出了相應的措施。4題詳解】細節理解題。根據文章第二段關鍵句“Basically,theybothhaveverybigears.But,theBushElephantislargerandhasalightercolorandoutwardcurvinglongteeth,whereastheForestElephantissmaller,verydarkandhasdownwardfacingstraightteeth.”(基本上，它們的耳朵都很大。但是，叢林象體型較大，顏色較淺，長牙齒向外彎曲，而森林象體型較小，非常黑，有向下的直齒。)觀察四幅圖可知，B圖中大象有大耳朵，且顏色深，有向下的直齒，為森林象。故選B項。【5題詳解】細節理解題。根據文章第三段關鍵句“TheAfricanBushElephant’shabitatisgivenawaybyitsname—intheAfricanBush!ThisincludesgrasslandsandprimaryforestwithinCentralandSouthernAfrica.”(非洲叢林象的棲息地是由它的名字給出的——非洲叢林！這包括非洲中部和南部的草原和原始森林。)可知，我們可以在非洲中部的草原找到非洲叢林象。故選C項。【6題詳解】細節理解題。根據文章倒數第二段關鍵句“Similartootherspecies,lossoflandreducestheavailabilityoffoodandwater,meaningtheyhavetotravelfurther.What’sworse,somewon’tsurvivethejourneyiftheycrosspathswithpoachers.AfricanBushElephantsaren’tjustkilledfortheillegaltrade,buttheyareoftenthesufferersofconflictswithlocalpeopletoo.”(與其他物種相似，土地的流失減少了食物和水的可用性，這意味著它們必須走得更遠。更糟糕的是，如果它們與偷獵者相遇，它們將無法在旅途中存活下來。非洲叢林象不僅因為非法貿易而被殺害，它們也常常是與當地人沖突的受害者。)可知，日益惡化的生存條件是非洲叢林象的主要威脅。故選D項。【7題詳解】詞義猜測題。根據文章最后一段關鍵句“ApossiblesolutionwouldbetoprovidewildliferoadsthatallowtheAfricanBushElephanttotravelwithoutcomingintoconflictwithpeople.TheAfricanWildlifeFoundationcombinesgovernmentsandcommunitiesinAfricaandworkstosetlandasideforthispurpose.”(一個可能的解決方案是為野生動物提供道路，讓非洲叢林象在不與人類發生沖突的情況下旅行。非洲野生動物基金會聯合了非洲的政府和社區，并致力于為此目的留出土地。)可知，此目的指的是給非洲叢林象提供旅行通道。故選A項。CImagineaworldwherephotographyisaslowprocessthatisimpossibletomasterwithoutyearsofstudy.Suchaworldexistedin1973,whenStevenSasson,ayoungengineer,wenttoworkforEastmanKodakcompany.SoonafterarrivingatKodak,Mr.Sassonwasgivenatask—toseewhethertherewasanypracticaluseforachargedcoupleddevice(C.C.D.),whichconsistedofasensor(傳感器)thattookanincominglightandtransformeditintoanelectricalsignal.Mr.Sassonwantedtocaptureanimagewithit,buttheC.C.D.couldn’tholditbecausetheelectricalpulses(脈沖)quicklydisappeared.Tostoretheimage,hedecidedtousedigitalization,turningtheelectronicpulsesintonumbers,Butthatsolutionledtoanotherchallenge—storingitonRAMmemory,thengettingitontodigitaltape.Healsoneededtoinventaplaybacksystemthatwouldtakethedigitalinformationonthetapeandtumitinto“somethingthatyoucouldsee”onatelevisionset:adigitalimage.Itwasaphotographicsystemofanall-electroniccamerathatdidn’tusefilmanddidn’tusepaper,andnoconsumables(消耗品)atallinthecapturinganddisplayofstillphotographicimages.Thecameraandtheplaybacksystemwerethebeginningofthedigitalphotographyage.ButthedigitalrevolutiondidnotcomeeasilyatKodak.Themainobjectionscamefromthemarketingandbusinesssides.Kodak’smarketingdepartmentwasnotinterestedinit,Mr,Sassonwastoldtheycouldsellthecamera,butwouldn’t—becauseitwouldcatawayatthecompany’sfilmsales,ThoughKodakdideventuallymarketbothprofessionalandconsumercameras,itwastoolate,Mr,Sassonsaid,“Itwasjustamatteroftime,andyetKodakdidn’treallyembraceanyofit.”8.WhatcantheC.C.D.beusedfor?A.Collectinglight.B.Capturingpictures.C.Changinglightintoelectronicsignals.D.StoringimagesintheRAM.9.Whydoestheauthorcallthephotographicsystemarevolution?A.Itcreatesanageofpaperlessoffice.B.Itdevelopsabetterwayofusingfilms.C.Itinventsanewwaytostoredigitalinformation.D.Itchangesthewayhumansprocessimagesgreatly.10.Whatisthethirdparagraphmainlyabout?A.Theworkingrulesoffulldigitalphotographicsystem.B.Thewaysofdevelopingatraditionalcamera.C.HowtomakefulluseoftheC.C.D.D.HowtoshowpicturesonaTVset.11.What’sKodak’sattitudetowardsMr.Sasson’sinvention?ADoubtful. B.Indifferent. C.Supportive. D.Respectful.【答案】8.C9.D10.A11.B【解析】【分析】這是一篇記敘文。Sasson先生發明了全數字攝影系統，但這項技術對柯達公司來說不具備吸引力。【8題詳解】細節理解題。根據第二段最后“whichconsistedofasensor(傳感器)thattookanincominglightandtransformeditintoanelectricalsignal.(它由一個傳感器組成，該傳感器接收入射光并將其轉換為電信號)”可知，C.C.D.可以把光變成電子信號。故選C。【9題詳解】推理判斷題。根據第三段最后一句“Itwasaphotographicsystemofanall-electroniccamerathatdidn’tusefilmanddidn’tusepaper,andnoconsumables(消耗品)atallinthecapturinganddisplayofstillphotographicimages.(這是一個全電子相機的攝影系統，它不使用膠片，也不使用紙張，在拍攝和顯示靜止的攝影圖像時根本沒有耗材)”可知，photographicsystem(攝影系統)極大地改變了圖像處理的方式。故選D。【10題詳解】主旨大意題。根據第三段“Mr.Sassonwantedtocaptureanimagewithit,buttheC.C.D.couldn’tholditbecausetheelectricalpulses(脈沖)quicklydisappeared.Tostoretheimage,hedecidedtousedigitalization,turningtheelectronicpulsesintonumbers,Butthatsolutionledtoanotherchallenge—storingitonRAMmemory,thengettingitontodigitaltape.Healsoneededtoinventaplaybacksystemthatwouldtakethedigitalinformationonthetapeandtumitinto“somethingthatyoucouldsee”onatelevisionset:adigitalimage.(薩森先生想用它來捕捉圖像，但ccd無法保持它，因為電脈沖很快就消失了。為了存儲圖像，他決定使用數字化技術，將電子脈沖轉化為數字。但這個解決方案帶來了另一個挑戰——將圖像存儲在RAM內存中，然后將其存儲在數字磁帶上。他還需要發明一種回放系統，可以將磁帶上的數字信息轉換成“你能在電視機上看到的東西”:數字圖像)”可知，本段主要對全數字攝影系統的工作原理進行了講解。故選A。【11題詳解】推理判斷題。根據最后一段“Themainobjectionscamefromthemarketingandbusinesssides.Kodak’smarketingdepartmentwasnotinterestedinit(主要反對意見來自營銷和商業方面。柯達的營銷部門對此不感興趣)”可知，柯達對于Sasson的發明很冷漠。故選B。【點睛】DInrecentyears,scientistshavefoundasurprisingphenomenon:Inmanyculturesaroundtheworld,parentsdon’tstruggletoraisehelpful,kindkids.Fromages2to18,kidswanttohelptheirfamilies.Theywakeupinthemorning,voluntarilydothedishes,hopofftheirbikestohelptheirdadcarrygroceriesintothehouseandwhensomebodyhandsthemacake,theyshareitwithayoungersisterorbrotherbeforetakingabitethemselves.Youcanfindthesecharitablekidsamongfarmers,huntersandfishermen,Duringthepastfouryears,I’vebeeninterestedinlearningwhataretheseparentsdoingtonurturesuchhelpfulnessintheirkids?Whiledoingtheresearch,Itraveledtothreeoftheworld’smosthonoredcultures—theMaya,InuitandHadzabe,anddescribewhatIfoundinmynewbook—Hunt,Gather,Parent.Supportedbypsychologists,myresearchresultshowsthatparentsraisinghelpfulchildrenwelcomeyoungchildrenandbabiesintofamilychoresandwork—evenifthechildwillmakeabitofamessorslowdownthework,justoppositetomanyofAmericanparents.Whattheysayisthat,“Iknowtheyarenotgoingtodoagoodjob,buttocreatemoreworkforme.”Infact,turningdownhelpfromkidscanhaveabadinfluence,destroyingtheirdesiretohelpandpossiblystoptheirdesiretotakecareoftheirfamilies.“Givenrequestatanearlyage,thechildrenwouldstarttoactonwhat’sneeded,andthenthelesslikelyparentsneedtobetellingthemwhattodolater,”Lew-Levy,apsychologistinHarvardUniversity,says“Youcanpullbackontheteaching,andkidsjustdoitontheirown.”Buthowdoesaparentletayoungbabyhelpwithatasktheycan’tactuallydoyet12.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“charitable”meaninparagraph1?A.Selfish. B.Dependent. C.Helpful. D.Curious.13.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribestheparentsraisinghelpfulchildren?A.Patientandserious. B.Open-mindedandthoughtful.C.Influentialandrisky. D.Hardworkingandadventurous.14.WhatdoLew-Levy’swordsmean?A.Childrenjustactonwhattheirparentstellthemtodo.B.Parentsshouldallowkidstodowhatevertheywant.C.Parentsareunlikelytotellchildrenwhattodoatanearlyage.D.Childrenaremorevoluntarywhengivenrequestsatayoungage.15.Whichisthebesttitleforthetext?A.HowcanWeParentCaringKids?B.HowtoBeKindParents?C.TheHelpfulChildreninSomeCulturesD.TheGrowingExperiencesofHelpfulChildren【答案】12.C13.B14.D15.C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了在某些文化中，孩子都樂于助人，作者就其原因進行了調查和分析。【12題詳解】詞義猜測題。根據文章第一段“Inmanyculturesaroundtheworld,parentsdon’tstruggletoraisehelpful,kindkids.Fromages2to18,kidswanttohelptheirfamilies.Theywakeupinthemorning,voluntarilydothedishes,hopofftheirbikestohelptheirdadcarrygroceriesintothehouseandwhensomebodyhandsthemacake,theyshareitwithayoungersisterorbrotherbeforetakingabitethemselves.（在世界各地的許多文化中，父母并不需要努力培養樂于助人、善良的孩子。從2歲到18歲，孩子們想要幫助他們的家庭。他們早上醒來，自愿洗碗，跳下自行車幫爸爸把雜貨搬進屋，當有人遞給他們蛋糕時，他們會和妹妹或弟弟分享，然后自己咬一口。）”可知，這些孩子愿意分享，樂于助人，由此推知，下文thesecharitablekids中形容詞“charitable”在本文中是指“樂于助人，慷慨大方”，和“helpful”含義相近。故選C。【13題詳解】推理判斷題。根據文章第三段“myresearchresultshowsthatparentsraisinghelpfulchildrenwelcomeyoungchildrenandbabiesintofamilychoresandwork—evenifthechildwillmakeabitofamessorslowdownthework（我的研究結果表明，養育樂于助人的孩子的父母歡迎年幼的孩子和嬰兒參與家庭瑣事和工作——即使孩子會弄得有點亂或放慢工作速度）”可推知，養育樂于助人的孩子的父母對孩子參與家庭瑣事和工作持開放態度，考慮得更全面。故選B。【14題詳解】推理判斷題。根據文章最后一段Lew-Levy的話“Givenrequestatanearlyage,thechildrenwouldstarttoactonwhat’sneeded,（在孩子很小的時候就對他們提出要求，他們就會開始做需要做的事）”可知，孩子在很小的時候，如果有人提出要求，他們會更加自愿去做事情。故選D。【15題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文，并結合第一段“Inrecentyears,scientistshavefoundasurprisingphenomenon:Inmanyculturesaroundtheworld,parentsdon’tstruggletoraisehelpful,kindkids.（近年來，科學家們發現了一個令人驚訝的現象：在世界各地的許多文化中，父母并不努力培養樂于助人、善良的孩子）”、第二段“Duringthepastfouryears,I’vebeeninterestedinlearningwhataretheseparentsdoingtonurturesuchhelpfulnessintheirkids?Whiledoingtheresearch,Itraveledtothreeoftheworld’smosthonoredcultures—theMaya,InuitandHadzabe,anddescribewhatIfoundinmynewbook—Hunt,Gather,Parent.（在過去的四年里，我一直很想知道這些父母是如何培養孩子的這種樂于助人的精神的?在做研究的過程中，我游歷了世界上三個最受尊敬的文化——瑪雅、因紐特和哈扎比，并在我的新書《狩獵、聚集、父母》中描述了我的發現）”和第三段“Supportedbypsychologists,myresearchresultshowsthatparentsraisinghelpfulchildrenwelcomeyoungchildrenandbabiesintofamilychoresandwork（在心理學家的支持下，我的研究結果表明，養育樂于助人的孩子的父母歡迎年幼的孩子和嬰兒參與家庭瑣事和工作）”可知，本文主要介紹了在某些文化中，孩子都樂于助人，作者就其原因進行了調查和分析，所以“在某些文化中樂于助人的孩子”是作者研究的對象，也是文章最佳標題。故選C。第二節（共5小題：每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Thecommoncoldisavirus(病毒)thatinfluenceyournoseorthroat,passingfromonepersontoanotherbytouch.Coldsareverycommon,especiallyintheweakofpoorhealth.____16____Yetthroughself-caremeasures,youmayfeelmorecomfortableasyourbodyfightsofftheillness.Stayinghumid(濕潤的)canhelpreplacewateryoulosefromafever.____17____Youcandrinkwater,juice,clearsoup,orevensoftdrinks.Avoidcoffee,teasandsoftdrinkswhichcancausedryandworsenyourillness.Studieshaveshownthathometreatmentofchickensoupcanlightensickness.Eatingchickensoupasyoucanmayhelpyougetoveryourcoldmorequickly.Youdon’thavetomakechickensouponyourowntogetthebenefits.____18____Throatlozenges(含片)containingsickness-preventingelementscanhelptreatasorethroat.____19____Havethroatlozengeseverytwotothreehours,oraccordingtothedoctor’sdirections.Keeptheminyourmouthuntilitiscompletelygone.Don’ttrytochewthemorswallowthemwholeinhurry.____20____Ifpossible,stayhomefromworkorschool,especiallyifyouhaveafeverorhavetakenmedicinesthatmakeyousleepy.Stayinghomecanalsoensureyouenoughrest.Takenapsduringthedayifyoucanandmakesureyougetatleasteighthoursofsleepanighttohelpyourbodyrecover.A.Thestore-bought,cannedkindworksjustaswell.B.Gettingenoughrestcanhelpyourecovermorequickly.C.Takinghomerestcanpreventyoufromgettingacold.D.Chickenisavailableonthemarketandcanbecookedathome.E.Drugsthathavesuchelementsmayalsohelptoreducephysicalpains.F.Enoughdrinkingmayhelpyoufeelbetterandgetoverthecoldmorequickly.G.Thoughthereisnoquickcureforit,mostpeoplewon’trecoverinashorttime.【答案】16.G17.F18.A19.E20.B【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了感冒時的自我護理措施。【16題詳解】下文“Yetthroughself-caremeasures,youmayfeelmorecomfortableasyourbodyfightsofftheillness.(然而，通過自我護理措施，當你的身體戰勝疾病時，你可能會感到更舒適)”說明如果感冒后康復，你可能會感覺更舒適，根據句中Yet表示轉折可知，空處可描述感冒的不便之處，G項“雖然沒有快速的治療方法，但大多數人不會在短時間內康復。”符合題意。故選G。17題詳解】上文“Stayinghumid(濕潤的)canhelpreplacewateryoulosefromafever.(保持潮濕有助于補充因發燒而流失的水分)”說明感冒時需要補充水分，F項“足夠的飲水可以幫助你感覺更好，更快地擺脫感冒。”符合題意。故選F。【18題詳解】上文“Youdon’thavetomakechickensouponyourowntogetthebenefits.(你不必自己做雞湯就能得到好處)”說明并不一定需要自己做雞湯，所以空處應說明買來的也可以，A項“商店里買的罐裝食品也同樣有效。”符合題意。故選A。【19題詳解】上文“Throatlozenges(含片)containingsickness-preventingelementscanhelptreatasorethroat.(含有防病成分咽喉含片有助于治療咽喉痛)”說明含有防病成分的咽喉含片會緩解咽喉痛，E項“含有這些成分的藥物也有助于減輕身體疼痛。”進一步說明它的作用，符合題意。故選E。【20題詳解】下文“Stayinghomecanalsoensureyouenoughrest.Takenapsduringthedayifyoucanandmakesureyougetatleasteighthoursofsleepanighttohelpyourbodyrecover.(待在家里也能保證你有足夠的休息。如果可以的話，白天小睡一會兒，確保每晚至少睡8小時，以幫助身體恢復)”說明待在家里能夠保證你有足夠的休息，幫助身體恢復。由此可知，本段主要說明感冒時充分休息能夠幫助恢復，B項“充分休息可以幫助你更快地恢復。”符合題意。故選B。第三部分語言運用（共兩節，滿分30分）第一節（共15小題：每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Avolunteer’ssmileisBeijing’sbestbusinesscard.Thisisatraditiondeeply____21____inthemindofZengZiyi,whowasaprimarystudentin2008whenBeijing____22____itsfirstSummerOlympics.Now,she’sa____23____fortheWinterOlympics.Zeng,anativeofChongqing,hasbeen____24____Russianforfiveyearsandisachievinghermaster’s____25____attheBeijingForeignStudiesUniversity.AsvolunteersofferinglanguageTheBeijing2022WinterOlympicsisunder____29____management,includingthetestseries.Volunteersalsoneedto____30____therulesandhavefixedroutesbetweenhotelsandgyms.Zenggetsanucleicacid(核酸)testeverydayandamaskis____31____duringvolunteeringtime,exceptmealbreaks.Ifshechangesherwork____32____,shewillhaveacompletecleaning.“Ourvolunteerteamislikeawarmandbigfamilyaswealwayshelpeachother,”Zengsaid.IamhappytobeavolunteerbecauseIcantake____33____ofmyknowledgetohelpotherswhile____34____newknowledgeandmakingfriendsduringvolunteering.Volunteeringinspiresmetobe____35____andachievehappiness.”21.A.created B.rooted C.started D.hidden22.A.requested B.managed C.celebrated D.hosted23.A.volunteer B.leader C.judge D.reporter24.A.designing B.collecting C.studying D.writing25.A.scholarship B.degree C.reward D.prize.26.A.experiences B.problems C.points D.services27.A.provide B.express C.support D.retell28.A.practice B.qualification C.process D.style29.A.serious B.busy C.kind D.strict30.A.establish B.follow C.adopt D.notice31.A.required B.mixed C.formed D.included32.A.situation B.choice C.position D.movement33.A.charge B.care C.notes D.advantage34.A.developing B.gaining C.understanding D.organizing35.A.responsible B.fashionable C.acceptable D.humorous【答案】21.B22.D23.A24.C25.B26.D27.A28.C29.D30.B31.A32.C33.D34.B35.A【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了曾子怡從事冬季奧運會志愿者的經歷，介紹了她的工作內容以及對志愿活動的看法。【21題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：這是曾子怡心中根深蒂固的傳統，2008年北京舉辦第一屆夏季奧運會時，她還是一名小學生。A.created創造；B.rooted扎根；C.started開始；D.hidden隱藏。根據上文“Thisisatraditiondeeply”可知，指傳統扎根于曾的心中，故選B。【22題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：這是曾子怡心中根深蒂固的傳統，2008年北京舉辦第一屆夏季奧運會時，她還是一名小學生。A.requested要求；B.managed管理；C.celebrated慶祝；D.hosted舉辦。根據后文“itsfirstSummerOlympics”可知，此處指北京舉辦夏季奧運會。故選D。【23題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：現在，她是冬季奧運會的志愿者。A.volunteer志愿者；B.leader領導；C.judge法官；D.reporter記者。根據后文“Asvolunteersofferinglanguage”可知，她是冬季奧運會的志愿者。故選A。【24題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：曾是重慶人，已經學了五年俄語，目前正在北京外國語大學攻讀碩士學位。A.designing設計；B.collecting收集；C.studying學習；D.writing寫。根據后文“Russianforfiveyears”可知，曾學了五年俄語。故選C。【25題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：曾是重慶人，已經學了五年俄語，目前正在北京外國語大學攻讀碩士學位。A.scholarship獎學金；B.degree學位；C.reward回報；D.prize獎勵。根據上文“isachievinghermaster’s”可知，指曾正在北京外國語大學攻讀碩士學位。故選B。【26題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：作為一名提供語言服務的志愿者，曾和她的隊友們主要在采訪區為外國運動員提供翻譯服務，或者在頒獎儀式前為獲獎者解釋頒獎過程。A.experiences經歷；B.problems問題；C.points要點；D.services服務。根據上文“Asvolunteersofferinglanguage”可知，指曾作為志愿者，提供語言服務。故選D。【27題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：作為一名提供語言服務的志愿者，曾和她的隊友們主要在采訪區為外國運動員提供翻譯服務，或者在頒獎儀式前為獲獎者解釋頒獎過程。A.provide提供；B.express表達；C.support支持；D.retell復述。根據后文“translationsforforeignathletesintheinterviewzone”可知，曾和她的隊友們主要在采訪區為外國運動員提供翻譯服務，故選A。【28題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：作為一名提供語言服務的志愿者，曾和她的隊友們主要在采訪區為外國運動員提供翻譯服務，或者在頒獎儀式前為獲獎者解釋頒獎過程。A.practice練習；B.qualification資格；C.process過程；D.style風格。根據后文“formedalwinnersaheadoftheawardingcelebration”可知，曾和隊友們要在頒獎儀式前為獲獎者解釋頒獎過程。故選C。【29題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：北京2022年冬奧會在嚴格的管理下，包括測試系列。A.serious嚴肅的；B.busy忙碌的；C.kind善良的；D.strict嚴格的。根據上文“TheBeijing2022WinterOlympicsisunder”以及常識，北京2022年冬奧會在嚴格的管理下，故選D。【30題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：志愿者還需要遵守規則，在酒店和體育館之間有固定的路線。A.establish建立；B.follow跟隨，遵守；C.adopt采用；D.notice通知。根據后文“therules”可知，指志愿者要遵守規則。故選B。【31題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：曾每天都要做核酸檢測，除了午休時間，在志愿者活動期間都要戴口罩。A.required需要；B.mixed混合；C.formed形成；D.included包含。根據上文“amaskis”可知，志愿者活動期間都要戴口罩。故選A。【32題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：如果她換了工作崗位，就要大掃除。A.situation情況；B.choice選擇；C.position位置；D.movement移動。根據上文“shechangesherwork”可知，指更換工作崗位，應用position。故選C。【33題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我很高興成為一名志愿者，因為我可以利用我的知識幫助別人，同時獲得新的知識和結交朋友在志愿服務。A.charge負責；B.care關心；C.notes筆記；D.advantage優勢。根據后文“ofmyknowledgetohelpothers”可知，指利用知識幫助別人，固定短語takeadvantageof“利用……”。故選D。【34題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我很高興成為一名志愿者，因為我可以利用我的知識幫助別人，同時獲得新的知識和結交朋友在志愿服務。A.developing發展；B.gaining獲得；C.understanding理解；D.organizing組織。根據后文“newknowledge”可知，指獲得新知識。故選B。【35題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：志愿活動激勵我負責任，獲得幸福。A.responsible負責的；B.fashionable時尚的；C.acceptable可接受的；D.humorous幽默的。根據上文描述可知，做志愿者要幫助他人，為他人負責。故選A。第二節（共10小題，每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當的單詞或括號內單詞的正確形式。ArmenianmusicianAstridPoghosyan,a28-year-oldviolinist,____36____(current)worksasaleadingassistanttothepresidentoftheShanghaiSymphonyOrchestra,acelebratedorchestrainChina’slargestcity.ShetakesgreatprideintheChinesenameshepicksfor____37____(her),MaXingxing.Thegivenname“Xingxing”literallymeaningstars____38____(inspire)byherArmenianfirstname,whilethesurname“Ma”istakenfromMaChao,afamouswarriorfromChina’sThreeKingdomsPeriod(220-280AD),Thissummer,shehasbeenbusymaking____39____(preparation)foraseriesofin-personandonlinemusiceventsandculturalexchangeprograms,____40____(include)amusicfestivalinShanghaiandalive-streamedinternationalviolincontest.Shealwaysputsallherenergyintotheprogramsin____41____sheisinvolved,whethertheyareoffline____42____onlineevents,asshebelievesth