2021-2022學年山東青島市高新區青島中學上高二上學期期中考試英語試題本試卷共5頁，共5道大題，考試用時120分鐘注意事項：1、答卷前，考生務必將自己的姓名填寫在試題卷和答題卡上。2、作答要求：客觀題需用2B鉛筆將答案填涂在答題卡對應位置，主觀題用0.5毫米黑色簽字筆直接答在答題卡上對應的答題區域內。答在試題卷、草稿紙上無效。3、請保持答題卡的整潔。考試結束后，試題卷和草稿紙自行保存，請將答題卡上交。Ⅰ.聽力（每小題1.5分，共20小題，滿分30分）1.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inabookstore.B.Inalibrary.C.Inaclassroom.2.Whatdoesthewomanoffertodo?A.Lendherbiketotheman.B.Goshoppingwiththeman.C.Drivethemantothetrainstation.3.Whatdoesthewomancomplainaboutherkids?A.TheywatchtoomuchTV.B.Theydon’tdotheirhomework.C.Theydon’thelpwithhousework.4.Whydoesthewoman’shairlookshorter?A.Shecutit.B.Sheworeahat.C.Shemadeitstraight.5.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Doctorandpatient.B.Teacherandstudent.C.Receptionistandvisitor.6.Whatisthewomanplanningtododuringhervacation?A.Goskiing.B.Haveaget-together.C.Makesomesweaters.7.Whatmakesthemannervous?A.Gettinghurtduringskiing.B.Wearinganuglysweater.C.Makingsnacksforaparty.8.Howdoesthewomanmostlikelyfeel?A.Sorry.B.Annoyed.C.Surprised.9.Whatdoweknowaboutthewoman?A.Herfatherisinhospital.B.Shealwaysdoesthingsontime.C.Alotofthingshavehappenedtoherlately.10.Whatdidtheman’steamfailtodobefore?A.Makeadecisioninagroup.B.Discussjobresponsibilities.C.Finishtasksontime.11.Whatdoesthemansayaboutthenewboss?A.Sheseldomconsultswithcolleagues.B.Sheisinahurrytoestablishnewworkingpractices.C.Shehaslittleunderstandingoftheorganization’shistory.12.Whatdoesthewomansuggestthemando?A.Workmoreefficiently.B.Focusonhisownworkschedule.C.Takeamorepositiveattitudetohisnewboss.13.Howdidthewomanknowthejob?A.Fromafriend.B.ThroughtheInternet.C.Fromthenewspaper.14.Howlongdotheassistantsworkaday?A.7hours.B.8hours.C.9hours.15.Whendotheassistantshavetowork?A.FromMondaytoTuesday.B.FromTuesdaytoFriday.C.FromFridaytoSunday.16.Whatcanwelearnfromtheconversation?A.Theman’sdepartmentstoreisbig.B.Thewomanisunsatisfiedwiththejob.C.Theassistantshavetopayfortheirlunch.17.Whatisthewoman’sopinionabouttheSeaA.Decemberisthebesttimetovisitit.B.It’sunsuitablefortheold.C.It’sworthvisiting.18.WhatcanwelearnabouttheSeaA.Ticketsfortheoldarethecheapest.B.Itopensat9:30everymorning.C.It’sopenallyearround.19.Whatspecialserviceisavailableforalargegroup?A.Aguidedtour.B.Cheapertickets.C.Asouvenirforeveryone.20.Whatattractsbothchildrenandadults?A.VideoShows.B.TheGlassTunnel.C.HourlyFeedingTimes.Ⅱ.閱讀理解（每小題2.5分，共20小題，滿分50分）AGoGreenWithoutaGreenThumbIfyou’reanythinglikeme,youmanagetokillabsolutelyeveryplantthatcomesyourway.NomatterhowhardItry,Ican’tmanagetokeepflowersaliveformorethanafewdays.SoI’vemadealistofplantsthatevenIcouldn’tkillanddecidedtoshareitwitheveryonewhoalsolacksagreenthumb.1.JadeWecommonlythinkofjadeasabeautifulstone,butitalsohappenstobeaplantthatrequireshardlyanycareandwillgiveyourapartmentanairofelegance.Thereareonlytwothingsyouneedtodototakecareofthisplant:Watertheplantwhenthesoilbecomesmoderatelydry.Wipedowntheleaveseveryonceinawhiletoremovedust.2.AfricanVioletWanttoaddalittlecolortoyourapartment?Thatcanbechallengingifyoudon’thaveagreenthumb—mostfloweringplantsrequireatonofcare.Fortunately,Africanvioletsarenotoneofthoseplants.Simplywaterthemonceaweekandenjoytheirbeautifulblue,pinkandpurplehues!Justdoyourbesttoavoidgettinganywaterontheplants’leaves,asthiscancausewaterspots(污漬).3AloeAloeisalsoaplantthateventheworstgardeneramonguscanmanagetokeepalive.Stepone:Acquireplant.Steptwo:Wateritwhenthesoiliscompletelydry,abouteverytwotothreeweeks.Note:Aloecanbepoisonousforyourpet.Ifyouhavepets,makesuretoonlyplantpet-friendlyplants.4.LuckyBambooTobringsomegoodfortuneintoyourapartment,purchasesomeluckybamboo.Thishouseplantdoesbestindimlighting,sokeepitawayfromwindows.Otherthanthat,allyouneedtodoismakesuretherootsarealwayscoveredinwater(aninchortwoshoulddothetrick).1.Whatcanwelearnfromthetext?A.Jadeisonlyakindofbeautifulstone.B.Youshouldspray(噴灑)waterontheleavesofAfricanviolet.C.Aloeisapet-friendlyplant.D.Luckybamboocanbringgoodlucktoyou.2.Whichofthefollowingplantsneedswateringfrequently?A.Jade. B.Africanviolet.C.Luckybamboo. D.Aloe.3.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthetext?A.Tointroduceseveralplantsthatrequirelittlespecialcare.B.Tosharewithreaderstheauthor’sopinionongrowingplants.C.Toattractreaderstobuysomeoftheirproductsonthelist.D.Tocallonreaderstoprotecttheenvironmentindailylife.【答案】1.D2.C3.A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了四種不需要特別照顧的植物。【1題詳解】細節理解題。根據最后一段Tobringsomegoodfortuneintoyourapartment,purchasesomeluckybamboo.可知為了給你的公寓帶來好運，就買些幸運竹吧。所以幸運竹可以給你帶來好運。故選D。【2題詳解】細節理解題。根據Jade部分Watertheplantwhenthesoilbecomesmoderatelydry.可知，土壤適度干燥時給植物澆水，所以Jade不需要經常澆水；根據AfricanViolet部分Simplywaterthemonceaweek.可知，只需每周給它們澆水一次，所以AfricanViolet需要每周澆水一次；根據Aloe部分Wateritwhenthesoiliscompletelydry,abouteverytwotothreeweeks.可知，土壤完全干燥時澆水，大約每兩到三周澆水一次，所以Aloe是兩到三周澆一次水；根據luckybamboo部分Otherthanthat,allyouneedtodoismakesuretherootsarealwayscoveredinwater(aninchortwoshoulddothetrick).可知，除此之外，你所要做的就是確保根部總是被水覆蓋（一到兩英寸就可以了），所以幸運竹需要經常澆水。故選C。【3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據第一段Ifyou'reanythinglikeme,youmanagetokillabsolutelyeveryplantthatcomesyourway.NomatterhowhardItry,Ican'tmanagetokeepflowersaliveformorethanafewdays.SoI'vemadealistofplantsthatevenIcouldn'tkillanddecidedtoshareitwitheveryonewhoalsolacksagreenthumb.可知，如果你和我一樣，你會殺死你養的每一種植物。無論我多么努力，我都無法讓花存活幾天以上。所以我列出了一份即使是我也殺不死的植物清單，并決定把清單分享給那些同樣缺乏綠色拇指的人。所以文章是為了介紹一些不需要特別照顧的植物。故選A。BAsayoungster,therewasnothingIlikedbetterthanSundayafternoonsatmygrandfather’sfarminwesternPennsylvania.Surroundedbymilesofwindingstonewalls,thehouseandfieldprovidedendlesshoursoffunforacitykidlikeme.Iwasusedtotidylivingroomsthatseemedtowhisper,“Nottobetouched!”IcanstillrememberoneafternoonwhenIwaseightyearsold.Sincemyfirstvisittothefarm,Ihadwantedmorethananythingtobeallowedtoclimbthestonewallssurroundingthehouses.Myparentswouldneverapprove.Thewallswereold;somestonesweremissing,otherslooseandfalling.Still,myideatoclimbacrossthosewallsgrewsostrongthatfinally,onespringafternoon,Ihadallmycouragetoenterthelivingroom,wheretheadultshadgatheredafterSundaydinner.“I,uh—Iwanttoclimbthestonewalls,”Isaid.Everyonelookedup.“CanIclimbthestonewalls?”Immediatelyvoicesofdisagreementwentupfromthewomenintheroom.“Heavens,no!”You’llhurtyourself!”Iwasn’ttoodisappointed;theresponsewasjustasI’dexpected.ButbeforeIcouldleavetheroom,Iwasstoppedbymygrandfather’sloudvoice.“Nowholdonjustaminute,”Iheardhimsay.“Lettheboyclimbthestonewalls.Hehastolearntodothingsforhimself.”“Go,”hesaidtome,“andcomeandseemewhenyougetback.”ForthenexttwoandahalfhoursIclimbedthoseoldwalls-andhadthetimeofmylife.LaterImetwithmygrandfathertotellhimaboutmyadventures.I’llneverforgetwhathesaid.“Fred,”hesaid,smiling,“Youmadethisdayaspecialdayjustbybeingyourself.Alwaysremember,there’sonlyonepersoninthiswholeworldlikeyou,andIlikeyouexactlyasyouare.”Manyyearshavepassedsincethen,andtodayIhostthetelevisionprogramMisterRogers’Neighborhood,seenbymillionsofchildrenthroughoutAmerica.Therehavebeenchangesovertheyears,butonethingremainsthesame:mymessagetochildrenattheendofalmosteveryvisit.“There’sonlyonepersoninthiswholeworldlikeyou,”thekidscancountonhearingmesay,“andpeoplecanlikeyouexactlyasyouare.”4Thewriterenjoyedhisvisitstothefarmbecause________.A.Therewereoldstonewalls B.ItwasanexcitingplaceforhimC.Helikedhisgrandfather D.Hewasallowedtoclimbthestonewalls5.Hearingthewriter’sideatoclimbthestonewalls,________.A.Alltheadultswereshocked B.HisparentsagreedC.Noneoftheadultsresponded D.Hisgrandfatherbackedhimup6.Wecanlearnfromthepassagethatthewriterwas________.A.adventurous B.funny C.smart D.talkative7.Whatisprobablythebesttitleforthetext?A.ADiscouragingExperience B.DoWhateverYouLikeC.JustBeYourself D.RemainAdventurous【答案】4.B5.D6.A7.C【解析】【分析】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了，作者通過小時候在祖父農場玩的經歷表明，要做我們自己，正是當我們作自己的時候人們才會喜歡我們。【4題詳解】細節理解題。由第一段中的“Asayoungster,therewasnothingIlikedbetterthanSundayafternoonsatmygrandfather’sfarminwesternPennsylvania.Surroundedbymilesofwindingstonewalls,thehouseandfieldprovidedendlesshoursoffunforacitykidlikeme.(小時候，沒有什么比周日下午在賓夕法尼亞州西部我祖父的農場里玩，更讓我喜歡的了。房子和田野被綿延數英里的蜿蜒石墻環繞，為我這樣的城市孩子提供了無盡的樂趣)”可知，作者很喜歡去農場玩，是因為農場給他提供了無盡的樂趣，農場對他來說是個令人興奮的地方。故選B項。【5題詳解】細節理解題。由第二段中的“ButbeforeIcouldleavetheroom,Iwasstoppedbymygrandfather’sloudvoice.“Nowholdonjustaminute,”Iheardhimsay.“Lettheboyclimbthestonewalls.Hehastolearntodothingsforhimself.”(但在我離開房間之前，我被祖父的洪亮聲音攔住了。“等一下，”我聽見他說。“讓這個男孩爬石墻吧。他必須學會為自己做事。”)”和第三段中的““Go,”hesaidtome,“andcomeandseemewhenyougetback.”(“去吧，”他對我說，“回來后來看我。”)”可知，聽到作者想爬上石墻的想法，他的祖父支持他，讓他去爬石墻。故選D項。【6題詳解】細節理解題。由第三段中的“LaterImetwithmygrandfathertotellhimaboutmyadventures.(后來我見到了祖父，告訴他我的冒險經歷)”可知，作者是具有冒險精神的（adventurous）。故選A項。【7題詳解】主旨大意題。由倒數第二段中的““Fred,”hesaid,smiling,“Youmadethisdayaspecialdayjustbybeingyourself.Alwaysremember,there’sonlyonepersoninthiswholeworldlikeyou,andIlikeyouexactlyasyouare.”(“弗雷德，”他笑著說，“你做你自己，讓今天成為了特別的一天。永遠記住，世界上唯有一個人和你相似，正是當你作自己的時候我才能喜歡你。”)”和最后一段中的““There’sonlyonepersoninthiswholeworldlikeyou,”thekidscancountonhearingmesay,“andpeoplecanlikeyouexactlyasyouare.”(“世界上唯有一個人和你相似”，孩子們可以聽到我所說的，“并且正是當你作自己的時候人們才能喜歡你。”)”可知，作者通過小時候在祖父農場玩的經歷表明，要做我們自己，正是當我們作自己的時候人們才會喜歡我們，C項“做你自己”符合文意。故選C項。CArobotcalledBina48hassuccessfullytakenacourseinthePhilosophyofLoveatNotreDamedeNamurUniversity(NDNU),inCalifornia.AccordingtocourseinstructorWilliamBarry,associateprofessoratNDNU,Bina48istheworld’sfirstsociallyadvancedrobottocompleteacollegecourse,anachievementhedescribedas“remarkable”.Therobottookpartinclassdiscussions,gaveapresentationwithastudentpartnerandparticipatedinadebatewithstudentsfromanotherinstitution.Beforebecomingastudent,Bina48appearedasaguestspeakerinBarry’sclassesforseveralyears.OnedaywhenaddressinginBarry’sclass,Bina48expressedadesiretogotocollege,adesirethatBarryandhisstudentsenthusiasticallysupported.Ratherthanenrolling(報名)Bina48inhisRobotEthics:PhilosophyofEmergingTechnologiescourse,BarrysuggestedthatBina48shouldtakehiscoursePhilosophyofLoveinstead.“LoveisaconceptBina48doesn’tunderstand,”saidBarry.ThereforethechallengewouldbegreatforBarryandhisstudentstoteachBina48whatloveis.“Someinterestingthingshappenedintheclass,”saidBarry.HesaidthathisstudentsthoughtitwouldbestraightforwardtoteachBina48aboutlove,which,afterall,isfairlysimple—it’safeeling.Buttherealitywasdifferent.“Bina48endeduplearning31differentversionsoflove,”saidBarry,highlightingsomeofthechallengeshumansmayfacewhenworkingwithartificialintelligenceinfuture.Bina48participatedinclassdiscussionsviaSkypeandalsotookpartinaclassdebateaboutloveandconflictwithstudentsfromWestPoint.Bina48’scontributiontothedebatewasfilmedandpostedonYouTube.ItwasjudgedthatBina48andNDNUclassmateswerethewinnersofthisdebate.Inthenextdecade,BarryhopesBina48mightbecomecomplexenoughtoteachaclass,thoughhesaysheforeseesrobotsbeingusedtobettertheteachingandlearningexperience,ratherthanreplacinginstructorscompletely.8WhatwasBina48’sperformancelikeinclass?A.Extraordinary. B.Insignificant.C.Discouraging. D.Average.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“addressing”inparagraph3probablymean?A.Dealingwith. B.Competingwith.C.Givingaspeechto. D.Sendingaletterto.10.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.BarryrefusedtoenrollBina48forhiscourse.B.Bina48feltitinterestingtolearnaboutlove.C.Artificialintelligenceisdefinitelysuperiortoman.D.Sometimesitcanbechallengingtoworkwithartificialintelligence.11.WhatdoesBarrythinkofthefuturedevelopmentofBina48?A.Itwillsurelybeabletoserveasabetterteacher.B.Itwillbeabletopromotelearningandteaching.C.Itwillcompletelytaketheplaceofinstructors.D.Itwillbesmartenoughtocontrolhumanbeings.【答案】8.A9.C10.D11.B【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了機器人Bina48參加討論、做報告、參與辯論，在課堂上的表現堪稱是非凡的。它的表現展示出人類未來可能會面臨人工智能的挑戰。未來它可能在教學和學習領域被更好地利用。【8題詳解】推理判斷題。根據第二段第一句話Bina48istheworld'sfirstsociallyadvancedrobottocompleteacollegecourse,afeathedescribedas"remarkable".可知，Bina48是世界上第一個在社交方面很先進的機器人，它能完成大學課程。它的成績被描述為“卓越的”。所以Bina48在課堂上的表現是非凡的。故選A。【9題詳解】詞義猜測題。根據上文Beforebecomingastudent,Bina48appearedasaguestspeakerinBarry’sclassesforseveralyears.可知，在做學生之前，Bina48在Barry的課堂上擔任客座發言者好幾年。因此推斷他經常在Barry的課上做演講。故劃線詞所在句OnedaywhenaddressinginBarry’sclass,Bina48expressedadesiretogotocollege.意為“一天當Bina48在Barry的課堂上演講時，他表達了想要上大學的愿望”。故劃線詞詞義與C項“做演講”意義相近。故選C。【10題詳解】推理判斷題。根據第四段最后一句Bina48endeduplearning"31differentversionsoflove,"saidBarry,highlightingsomeofthechallengeshumansmayfacewhenworkingartificialintelligenceinfuture.可知，Bina48最終學習了31種不同版本的愛，強調了人類未來可能會面臨的人工智能的挑戰。因此與人工智能一起工作，有時候是具有挑戰性的。故選D。【11題詳解】推理判斷題。根據最后一段Inthenextdecade,BarryhopesBina48mightbecomecomplexenoughtoteachaclass,thoughhesaysheforeseesrobotsbeingusedtobettertheteachingandlearningexperience,ratherthanreplacinginstructorscompletely.可知，在接下來的十年，Barry希望未來Bina48能變得足夠復雜，可以教授課程。但是他也預計機器人將被更好地用于教學和學習體驗，而不是完全取代教師。因此Bina48未來的發展能夠促進學習和教學。故選B。【點睛】閱讀理解考察學生的細節理解和推理判斷能力，做詞意猜測題時一定要在文章中找到相應的答案區域，在上下文中理解，再做出正確的選擇。比如第二小題，前文中的aguestspeakerinBarry’s，與問題區域的addressinginBarry’sclass對應，所以address應該與speak同義，即發言、說話，故答案選C。DBluePlanetII’slatestepisodefocusesonhowplasticishavingadisastrouseffectontheoceanandslowlypoisoningourseacreatures.ResearchersrecentlyalsofoundthatseacreatureslivinginthedeepestplaceonEarth,theMarianaTrench,haveplasticintheirstomachs.Indeed,theoceansaredrowninginplastic.Thoughitseemsnowthattheworldcouldn’tpossiblyfunctionwithoutplastics,consumerplasticsarearemarkablyrecentinvention.Thefirstplasticbagswereintroducedinthe1950s;thesamedecadethatplasticpackagingbegangaininginpopularityintheUnitedStates.Thisgrowthhashappenedsofastthatscienceisstillcatchingupwiththechange.Plasticspollutionresearch,forinstance,isstillaveryearlyscience.Weputalltheseplasticsintotheenvironmentandwestilldon’treallyknowwhattheoutcomesaregoingtobe.Whatwedoknow,though,isdisturbing.Oceanplasticisestimatedtokillmillionsofmarineanimalseveryyear.Nearly700species,includingendangeredones,areknowntohavebeenaffectedbyit.Oneinthreeleatherbackturtles,whichoftenmistakeplasticbagsforjellyfish,havebeenfoundwithplasticintheirbellies.Ninetypercentofseabirdsarenoweatingplasticsonaregularbasis.By2050,thatfigureisexpectedtoriseto100percent.Andit’snotjustwildlifethatisthreatenedbytheplasticsinourseas.Humansareconsumingplasticsthroughtheseafoodweeat.Icouldunderstandwhysomepeopleseeoceanplasticasadisaster,worthmentioningtothesamedegreeasclimatechange.Butoceanplasticisnotascomplicatedasclimatechange.Therearenooceantrashdeniers(否認者),atleastsofar.Todosomethingaboutit,wedon’thavetoremakeourplanetenergysystem.Thisisnotaproblemwherewedon’tknowwhatthesolutionis.Weknowhowtopickupgarbage.Anyonecandoit.Weknowhowtodispose(處理)ofit.Weknowhowtorecycle.Wecanallstartbythinkingtwicebeforeweusesingle-useplasticproducts.Thingsthatmayseemordinary,likeusingareusablebottleorareusablebag----whentakencollectively,thesechoicesreallydomakeadifference.12.Whyisplasticspollutionresearchstillaveryearlyscience?A.Theplasticspollutionresearchistoodifficult.B.Plasticshaveproducedlesspollutionthancoal.C.Theworldcouldn’tpossiblyfunctionwithoutplastics.D.Plasticshavegainedinpopularitytoofastforsciencetocatchup.13.HowdidtheauthorsupporthisopinioninParagraph3?A.Bystatistics.B.Byquotationsfromleadingexperts.C.Byusingexamplesfromhisownexperience.D.Bycomparisonandcontrast.14.Whatcanweinferaboutclimatechange?A.Climatechangeiscausedbyhumanactivities.B.Somepeopleholdsomedoubtsaboutclimatechange.C.Climatechangeislessimportantthanoceanpollution.D.Oceanplasticismorecomplicatedthanclimatechange.15.Whatisthemainideaofthispassage?A.Oceanplasticisaglobalissue.B.Theoceansbecomechokedwithplastic.C.BluePlanetIIhasleftviewersheartbroken.D.Plasticsgaininpopularityallovertheworld【答案】12.D13.A14.B15.B【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章主要講了藍色星球II的最新一集關注的是塑料如何對海洋產生災難性影響，如何慢慢毒害我們的海洋生物。研究人員最近還發現，生活在地球上最深處——馬里亞納海溝的海洋生物胃里有塑料。的確，海洋被塑料淹沒了。【12題詳解】細節理解題。根據第二段Thoughitseemsnowthattheworldcouldn'tpossiblyfunctionwithoutplastics，consumerplasticsarearemarkablyrecentinvention．Thefirstplasticbagswereintroducedinthe1950s；thesamedecadethatplasticpackagingbegangaininginpopularityintheUnitedStates．Thisgrowthhashappenedsofastthatscienceisstillcatchingupwiththechange．Plasticspollutionresearch，forinstance，isstillaveryearlyscience（雖然現在看來，沒有塑料世界是不可能運轉的，但消費塑料卻是最近才發明的。第一個塑料袋是在20世紀50年代問世的，就在塑料包裝在美國開始流行的那個十年里，塑料包裝的這種增長發生得如此之快，以至于科學仍在跟上變化。例如，塑料污染研究仍然是一門非常早期的科學。）可知塑料已經普及得太快了，科學跟不上，故選D。【13題詳解】推理判斷題。根據第三段介紹：我們把所有這些塑料投入到環境中，但我們仍然不知道會產生什么結果。然而，我們所知道的是令人不安的。據估計，海洋塑料每年會殺死數百萬的海洋動物。據了解，包括瀕臨絕種的海龜在內，有三分之一的棱皮龜經常誤以為塑料袋是水母。目前，90%的海鳥經常吃塑料制品。2050年，這一數字有望上升到100%。可知作者是通過統計數據的方法來支持自己的觀點，故選A。【14題詳解】推理判斷題。根據第四段Icouldunderstandwhysomepeopleseeoceanplasticasadisaster，worthmentioningtothesamedegreeasclimatechange．Butoceanplasticisnotascomplicatedasclimatechange．Therearenooceantrashdeniers（否認者），atleastsofar．Todosomethingaboutit，wedon'thavetoremakeourplanetenergysystem（人類正在通過我們食用的海鮮來食用塑料。我可以理解為什么有些人把海洋塑料視為災難，這和氣候變化一樣值得提及。海洋塑料不像氣候變化那么復雜。沒有海洋垃圾否認者，至少到目前為止是這樣。）可知有些人對氣候變化持懷疑否認態度，故選B。【15題詳解】主旨大意題。文章介紹塑料如何對海洋產生災難性影響，如何慢慢毒害我們的海洋生物。研究人員最近還發現，生活在地球上最深處——馬里亞納海溝的海洋生物胃里有塑料。的確，海洋被塑料淹沒了，后面文章介紹塑料垃圾對環境的影響，可知文章大意講塑料垃圾充斥著海洋，故選B。EWe’veallheardthephrase,“Worksmarter,notharder.”Whenitcomestostudying,therearesomeveryspecificwaysyoucanimproveyoureffectivenesswithoutaddingloadsofextrawork.Createagameplan.Beforeyoubeginyourstudysession,createagameplanforexactlyhowyouwillstudy.Considerwhatyouwillstudy,howlongyou’llspendoneachsubjectandwhatstudymethodsyouwilluse.___16___Takeatleast10minutesbeforeyourstudysessiontomapoutyourgameplan.Outlineyournotes.Takingthetimetoboilyournotesdowntoastandardoutlinecanhelpyougrasptheoverallconceptsyou’restudying.Youcertainlycanborroworcopysomeoneelse’snotes,butyoumustworkhardtoputeverythinginyourownwords.___17___Manytimes,understandingthebigpictureisjustasimportantasrememberingalltheindividualfacts.Outliningallowsyoutofileindividualfactsunderlargerideas.Maintainbalance.Balancecanbedifficulttomaintaininschoolbutit’scrucialforsuccess.___18___Seektocarryoutabalancedlife.Makesuretomaintainasociallifeanddevelophobbiesoutsideofschool.Stayintouchwithyourfamilyandkeeptheminformedofyourschoolprogress.It’scertainlyachallenge,butlivinginbalancewillkeepyouonthepathtosuccess.___19___Ifyouwanttodowellinschool,yousimplyhavetodoit.Buttherearespecificwaystostudybetter.Tomakethemostofyourlimitedtime.___20___Byfollowingthemethodsabove,youcanraisethequalityofyourstudyingsessionswithoutnecessarilyincreasingthequantity.A.Tokeepfromspinningyourwheels.B.There’snowaytogetaroundstudying.C.Writeoutyournotesbyhandduringclass.D.Ifyoudon’t,you’llfailtounderstandthelargerconcept.E.Thisallowsyoutostudytherightmaterialsattherighttime.F.Thelastthingyouwanttodoisburyyourselfinamountainofbooks.G.Don’tspendallyourtimestudyingorallyourtimehangingwithfriends.【答案】16.E17.D18.G19.B20.A【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了提高學習效率的一些具體的方法。【16題詳解】根據上文Createagameplan.Beforeyoubeginyourstudysession,createagameplanforexactlyhowyouwillstudy.Considerwhatyouwillstudy,howlongyou’llspendoneachsubjectandwhatstudymethodsyouwilluse.可知制定一個游戲計劃。在你開始學習之前，為你將如何學習制定一個游戲計劃。考慮一下你要學什么，每門課要花多長時間，以及你要用什么學習方法。由此可知，上文提出方法，本句說明這個方法的作用在于可以讓你在正確的時間學習正確的材料。故E選項“這可以讓你在正確的時間學習正確的材料”符合語境，故選E。【17題詳解】根據上文Youcertainlycanborroworcopysomeoneelse’snotes,butyoumustworkhardtoputeverythinginyourownwords.可知你當然可以借或抄別人的筆記，但你必須努力用自己的話表達。以及后文Manytimes,understandingthebigpictureisjustasimportantasrememberingalltheindividualfacts.(很多時候，理解大局和記住所有的個別事實一樣重要)由此可知，上文提到用自己的話表達是為了更好地區理解概念，如果不這樣做，就無法理解更大的概念。故D選項“如果你不這樣做，你就無法理解更大的概念”符合語境，故選D。【18題詳解】根據上文Maintainbalance.Balancecanbedifficulttomaintaininschoolbutit’scrucialforsuccess.可知保持平衡。在學校里很難保持平衡，但這是成功的關鍵。由此可知，本句承接上文具體說明，要保持平衡意味著不要把你所有的時間都花在學習上，或者花在和朋友玩上。故G選項“不要把你所有的時間都花在學習上，或者花在和朋友玩上”符合語境，故選G。【19題詳解】根據后文Ifyouwanttodowellinschool,yousimplyhavetodoit.可知如果你想在學校取得好成績，你就必須這樣做。由此可知，要想在學校取得好成績，那么努力學習是無法逃避的，你必須學習。故B選項“學習是沒有辦法逃避的”符合語境，故選B。【20題詳解】根據上文Tomakethemostofyourlimitedtime.可知充分利用你有限的時間。由此可知，本句承接上文說明，充分利用有限的時間意味著不要磨洋工，本句與上文為并列關系。故A選項“不要磨洋工”符合語境，故選A。Ⅲ.完形填空（每小題1分，共15小題，滿分15分）JackMaisknownasoneoftherichestChinese.____21____,hewasnotbornrich.HegrewupatatimewhenChinawas____22____fromtheworld,andlikeeveryfamilyinChina,hisfamilydidn’thave____23____whentheywereyoung.Asachild,Mahad____24____justlikeanyotherkid.Helikedcollectingcrickets(蟋蟀)andmakingthemfight.Withoutmoney,theonlywayMacouldchangehislifewasthrough____25____.Afterhighschool,he____26____togotocollege,butfailedtheentranceexam____27____.Afteragreatdealofstudying,hefinallypassedonthethirdtry,goingonto____28____HangzhouTeachersCollege.HeHereceivedmorethanadozen_____30_____,includingfromKFC.Buthedidn’tgiveuptryingandfinallywasemployedasanEnglish_____31_____.Malovedhisstudents,thoughheonlymade80yuanamonthatalocaluniversity.Mahadnoexperiencewiththe_____32_____,whichwasnotveryaccessibletomostChinese,buthewas_____33_____theInternetwhenheuseditforthefirsttimein1995.Ma’sfirstonlinesearchwas“beer”,buthewas_____34_____tofindthatnoChinesebeersturnedupintheresults.Itwasthen_____35_____hedecidedtofoundaninternetcompanyforChina.Thatwasthefirststeptohisfuture.21.A.Therefore B.Fortunately C.However D.Thus22.A.closed B.different C.remote D.isolated23.A.money B.relatives C.friends D.changes24.A.tasks B.hobbies C.jobs D.qualities25.A.education B.work C.luck D.view26.A.applied B.deserved C.succeeded D.failed27.A.once B.often C.twice D.seldom28.A.attend B.leave C.quit D.start29.A.continued B.presented C.introduced D.graduated30.A.admissions B.opportunities C.rejections D.invitations31.A.engineer B.headmaster C.teacher D.worker32.A.company B.computer C.teaching D.competition33.A.disappointedwith B.crazyabout C.abandonedto D.skepticalabout34.A.surprised B.excited C.desperate D.helpless35.A.when B.where C.that D.how【答案】21.C22.D23.A24.B25.A26.A27.C28.A29.D30.C31.C32.B33.B34.A35.C【解析】【分析】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了馬云建立阿里巴巴以前的生活、學習和求職經歷。【21題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，他并非生來就富有。A.Therefore因此；B.Fortunately幸運地；C.However然而；D.Thus因此。上文中的“oneoftherichestChinese”和“hewasnotbornrich.”形成轉折關系。故選C。【22題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：在他成長的年代，中國與世界隔絕，像中國的每一個家庭一樣，他的家庭年輕時也沒有錢。A.closed關閉的；B.different不同的；C.remote偏遠的，遙遠的；D.isolated孤立的。根據常識和“hewasnotbornrich”可知，馬云生長的那個年代，大多數家庭都是不富裕的，中國那時候也是與世隔絕的。故選D。【23題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在他成長的年代，中國與世界隔絕，像中國的每一個家庭一樣，他的家庭年輕時也沒有錢。A.money錢；B.relatives親戚；C.friends朋友；D.changes改變。根據下文“Withoutmoney”可知，此處是信息詞money的詞匯復現。故選A。【24題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：作為一個孩子，馬云和其他孩子一樣有自己的愛好。A.tasks任務；B.hobbies愛好；C.jobs工作；D.qualities質量。根據“Helikedcollectingcricketsandmakingthemfight.”可知，馬云小時候有自己的愛好。故選B。【25題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：沒有錢，馬云改變自己生活的唯一途徑就是接受教育。A.education教育；B.work工作；C.luck好運，運氣；D.view看法，見解。根據下文“Afteragreatdealofstudying,hefinallypassedonthethirdtry”可知，馬云想通過教育改變自己的命運。故選A。【26題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：高中畢業后，他申請上大學，但兩次高考都沒有通過。A.applied申請，應用；B.deserved值得；C.succeeded成功；D.failed失敗。applyto為固定短語，意為“申請”，此處表示申請上大學。故選A。【27題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：高中畢業后，他申請上大學，但兩次高考都沒有通過。A.once一次，曾經；B.often經常；C.twice兩次；D.seldom很少。根據“Afteragreatdealofstudying,hefinallypassedonthethirdtry”可知，高考失敗過兩次。故選C。【28題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：經過大量的學習，他終于在第三次嘗試中通過了，進入了杭州師范大學。A.attend參加，前往，上（大學等）；B.leave離開；C.quit放棄；D.start開始。根據“HangzhouTeachersCollege.”可知，馬云上了杭州師范大學。故選A。【29題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：1988年，他從大學畢業，開始申請盡可能多的工作。A.continued繼續；B.presented贈予，展現；C.introduced介紹；D.graduated畢業。根據“startedapplyingtoasmanyjobsashecould.”可知，1988年，馬云大學畢業了。graduatefrom為固定短語，意為“從……畢業”。故選D。【30題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他收到了包括肯德基在內的十多封拒絕信。A.admissions準許加入，承認；B.opportunities機會；C.rejections拒絕；D.invitations邀請。根據“Buthedidn’tgive