完形填空專題三匯報(bào)人：句組層次題章節(jié)副標(biāo)題01詞語復(fù)現(xiàn)是指某一個詞以原詞，或同/近義詞(如difficult與challenging)、同源詞(如happy與happiness)、上下義(如vegetable與eggplant)、反義詞(如wrong與right)等形式在同一語篇中重復(fù)出現(xiàn)的現(xiàn)象。詞語復(fù)現(xiàn)是語篇銜接的一個重要手段，我們可以借助這一銜接手段解答完形填空題。解法1根據(jù)詞語復(fù)現(xiàn)選詞(2024·新課標(biāo)Ⅰ)I’vebeenmotivated—anddemotivated—byotherfolks’achievementsallmylife.WhenIwasateenager，aneighborhoodfriendwonamarathonrace.Feelingmotivated，Istartedrunningregularly，butthentwothingshappened.First，agirlImetonedaytoldmeshewastrainingfora“super”，referringtoa52.4-miledoublemarathon.Then，thenextdayIwentonmylongestrun—15miles.Tobehonest，Ihatedit!Betweenthegirlmakingmy

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andthepureboredomofjogging，IdecidedthattheonlyreasonwhyI’deverrunagainisifabigdogwasrunningafterme!A.advantage B.achievementC.contribution D.influence關(guān)鍵信息句關(guān)鍵復(fù)現(xiàn)詞：與選項(xiàng)B為原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)空格前后關(guān)鍵信息典例剖析[1]對比上下文與選項(xiàng)看是否有詞語復(fù)現(xiàn)：第一段的achievements與B項(xiàng)achievement為原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)。[2]“瞻前顧后”找規(guī)律：第一段句意：在我的生活中，別人的成就一直激勵著我，也讓我失去動力。空處前后意為：讓我的

顯得微不足道。根據(jù)這兩處信息推斷：別人的成就會激勵“我”，也會讓“我”感到?jīng)]有動力，空處應(yīng)該是別人的成績讓“我”的成就顯得非常渺小，所以就沒有了信心。[3]復(fù)核驗(yàn)證，確定答案：把a(bǔ)chievement填到空處后，句意通順，上下文邏輯通暢，故B項(xiàng)為答案。技法歸納1.同/近義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)(2020·全國Ⅱ)Itwassigned(簽名)“Bonnato”orsohethought，butwhenheresearchedit，heonlyfound“Bonnard，”aFrench

hehadneverheardof.HeboughtabookandwassurprisedtofindapictureoftheartistPierreBonnardsittingonthesamechairinthesamegardenashisfather’spainting.A.painterB.designerC.authorD.actor√即時演練由上文中的Bonnard以及下文中的“findapictureoftheartistPierreBonnardsittingonthesamechair”可知，此處表示一位法國畫家(painter)。artist與painter是近義詞。故選A。2.同源詞復(fù)現(xiàn)

(2022·全國乙)Webroughtyoungchildrenaged2－4intoourMindsinDevelopmentLabatUSC.Each

satdownwithanadultwhocoveredherowneyesorears.A.parent B.child

C.researcher D.doctor根據(jù)上文“Webroughtyoungchildrenaged2－4intoourMindsinDevelopmentLabatUSC.”可知，此處表示每個兒童都和一個成年人坐在一起。故選B。√3.上下義復(fù)現(xiàn)(2021·新課標(biāo)Ⅰ)Our

inthefactoryweresimple：Placecakesonamovingbelt.Attachicing(糖霜)ears.Applyicingeyesandnose.A.joys B.ideasC.roles

D.choices根據(jù)下文“Placecakesonamovingbelt.Attachicing(糖霜)ears...fromthebelt.”可知，這里介紹的是作者他們在工廠的具體工作或職責(zé)。role除了表示“角色”外，還可以表示“職責(zé)，作用”，故選C。√在做完形填空題時，考生一定要在快速閱讀文章的過程中，仔細(xì)找出能夠反映作者態(tài)度和情感色彩的重要詞匯。作者在選擇使用特定的褒義詞或貶義詞時就表達(dá)了自己的感情和意愿。考生做題時要抓住這個線索，根據(jù)態(tài)度一致原則，進(jìn)行合理推測，從而快速確定某些題目的正確答案。解法2根據(jù)作者情感態(tài)度選詞(2024·全國甲)Mychildhoodisquitehappycomparedwithhers.Iam56thatIdidnotneedtogothroughthehardshipslikeshedid.A.grateful B.surprisedC.convinced D.regretful分析根據(jù)上文“Mychildhoodis...hers.”可知，與她(此處指作者的祖母)的童年相比，作者的童年是相當(dāng)幸福的。由此可推知，作者很感激(grateful)自己不需要經(jīng)歷像祖母經(jīng)歷過的那樣的困難。故選A。典例剖析1.(2023·新課標(biāo)Ⅱ)Hewasso

andsentmeanicee-mailwithpictures.ItfeltgreattoknowthatIhadhelpedbringthisfamilytogetheragain.A.thankful B.generous

C.proud D.sympatheticthankful感激的；generous慷慨的；proud驕傲的；sympathetic同情的。根據(jù)下文“andsentmeanicee-mailwithpictures”和“Ihadhelpedbringthisfamilytogetheragain”可推知，此處指對于作者的幫忙，George非常感激。故選A。√即時演練2.(2021·全國乙)Simplysayingthankyoudoesn’tseemenoughincertainsituations.Iwasconsideringthiswhileworkingasanursejustafewweeksago.Anditcametomethenhowmucheasieritwouldbeifwehadarangeofwordsthatexpressdifferentgradesofgratitude(感謝)....Shewas

foreverythingthatthemedicalandnursingteamhaddoneforher.A.grateful B.thoughtful

C.sorrowful

D.fearful依據(jù)上文中的“gratitude(感謝)”可知，此處是她感激醫(yī)護(hù)人員為她做的一切。故選A。√3.(2021·新課標(biāo)Ⅰ)Dad

.Thesonofagrocer，he’dspentthesummersofhischildhooddeliveringfoodinBernardsville，NewJersey.Thiswasthesortofworkthatmadeyouappreciatethedollarsyouearnedandrespectthosewhodidthework，hetoldme.A.cried B.smiledC.hesitated D.refused根據(jù)下文說到的作者的父親童年時期的“打工”經(jīng)歷可知，作者的父親是理解作者當(dāng)下的感受的，所以他會心一笑(smile)。因此選B。√完形填空的每一道題都有依據(jù)，考生須在上下文中尋找依據(jù)。有時候問題的答案只需要考慮設(shè)空處所在句或該句的上文或下文，但有時需綜合考慮上下文。總結(jié)成口訣：每道題必有據(jù)，上下求索找信息。解法3根據(jù)語境暗示選詞(2024·新課標(biāo)Ⅱ)AfterImadeItalymypermanenthome，Idiscoveredhow

46Italiansare.Neighborswillbringmefreshlymadecheeseandwillcometomydoortoremindmetoclosethewindowinmycarwhenrainiscoming.A.open-minded B.strong-willedC.warm-hearted D.well-informed典例剖析關(guān)鍵信息1關(guān)鍵信息2[2]上下求索，找出關(guān)鍵信息：根據(jù)下文關(guān)鍵信息1：鄰居們會給“我”送來新鮮的奶酪和關(guān)鍵信息2：下雨的時候會來“我”家門口提醒我關(guān)上車窗，可推知作者發(fā)現(xiàn)意大利人都很熱心。[3]對比選項(xiàng)，得出答案：對比四個選項(xiàng)，可知C項(xiàng)“warm-hearted”(熱心的)符合句意，故選C。[1]定位設(shè)空句技法歸納1.上文信息(2024·浙江1月)Whiletakinga20-hourtrainridealongtheedgeoftheTaklimakanDesertinnorthwesternChina，Ihadthekindofhumbling，educational，andaboveallelse，wonderfulencounterwithalocalthatalltravelerslongfor.AyoungChinesemanapproachedmeonthetrain.My

friendspokevirtuallynoEnglish，soIhappilytookthechancetopracticemyChinese.A.true B.so-calledC.new D.long-lost√即時演練true真的；so-called所謂的；new新的；long-lost很久不見的。根據(jù)上文“Ihadthekindofhumbling，educational，andaboveallelse，wonderfulencounterwithalocalthatalltravelerslongfor”可知，兩人是新認(rèn)識的，所以