考研英語模擬試卷21（共9套）

（共465題）

考研英語模擬試卷第1套

一、完型填空（本題共20題，每題7.0分，共20分。）

Likeallthehugemetropolisesoftheworld,therearelotsofdiversionsbothoutdoorsand

indoorsinChicago.TheArtInstituteofChicagohasoneoftheworld's[I]art

collections,includingmoreFrenchImpressionistpaintingsthanevenintheParisLouvre

itself.TheFieldMuseumofNaturalHistoryandtheMuseumofScienceandIndustryare

alsogreathistoricalandculturaltreasurehousesto[2]aswellasentertainchildrenand

adults[3]IntheFieldMuseumonecomes[4]asurprisinglybigcollectionofChinese

exhibitsfromtheancient[5]totheearlycentury.TheSearsTowerandthe

BuckinghamFountainarctheprideoftheChicagoans;[6]having110storey'sissaidto

bethehighesttowerintheworldandthe[7]isthelargestfountainintheUnitedStates.

LakeMichiganisforyachtinginsummertime,[8]thehighlightsofChicagolifeallthe

yearroundarcconcerts,operasandplays[9]bythecity'sorchestra,operahousesand

theatres.Insummer,especiallyaroundtheIndependenceDay,July4th,manyfestivals

andfairsaregivenoutdoors,which,[10]crowdsandcrowdsofpeople,withtheir

parades,fireworks,[11]concerts,water-skiingandgoodfoods.Butwithallits

attractionsandbeautifulspotsChicagoisalsoacity[12]forcrimes.Allthedwelling

housesare[13]withthreedoorsandvisitorshavetospeakthroughmicrophone[14]

inthewalltotheresidentsbeforetheycangetadmitted.Inthestreetstherearewhite-

colortelephones.Whenonefindsoneself[15],heneedsonlytoknockthereceiver

[16]thehookandthenextinstantthepolicewill[17].Ifonedoesnotdriveacar,it

maywellbedangerousforhimorhertogooutaloneintheevening.AtfirstIdidnot

takethiswarningseriously.【18]，mytwoencounterswiththeBlackpeople[19]dusk

intheneighborhoodweresounpleasantandfrighteningthatIhave[20]shutmyself

eveningsinmyroom,inalmostallstudying,imposingacurfewonmyself.

1、

A、smallest

B、smaller

C、greatest

D、greater

標準答案：c

知識點露析：考查固定咨配與上下文邏輯關系。根據下文中提到的more一詞可

知，small顯然是不對的，在選項C、D中，應該選擇最高級，這是一種固定句

型：oneofthe+形容詞的最高級。

2、

A、instruct

B、tell

C、inform

D、conduct

標準答案：A

知識點解析：考查詞義辨析與上下文邏輯關系。instruct意為“教育，教導"；tell意

為佶訴”；inform意為“通知”；conduct意為”指導,組織“。根據上下文的文意，只

有選項A正確，這里指：這些藝術珍品使孩子和大人在欣賞享受藝術的同時受到

了教育。

3、

A、alike

B、both.

C、like

D、either

標準答案：A

知識點解析：考查詞義辨析與用法。alike意為“一樣，相同”，這里表示對成人和

小孩子一樣予以指導，給予欣賞；both意為“兩者都”，應該是bolhchildrenand

adults；like意為“像...一樣”，不用于句末；either意為“也，而且”，常用于否定

句及疑問句中。

4、

A、upon

B、to

C、with

D^for

標準答案：A

知識點解析：考查短語的固定搭配。Comeupon意為“遇到，突然想到“；cometo

意為“來到，達到“：comewith意為“隨...而來"：comefor意為”來拿...,X

接...”。根據后面所接的賓語“asurprisinglybigcollectionofChineseexhibits”,只

有選項A可以與之搭配，故正確。

5、

A、age

B、ages

C^time

D、times

標準答案：D

知識點解析：考查固定密配和用法。times在此表示“時代”，“古代”必須用“ancient

times”這一固定的短語。

6、

A、thefirst

B、theformer

C、theprevious

D、theformal

標準答案：B

知識點解析：考查固定搭配。theformer是一個固定的搭配，表示“前者”，后者是

“thelatter”,它們一般配對出現。

7、

A、later

B、latter

C、late

D、former

標準答案：B

知識點解析：考查固定搭配。前面空格處提到了前者，此處就是說的后者，故選項

B正確。

8、

A、when

as

C>while

D、but

標準答案：C

知識點解析：考查連詞的用法。while除了表示時間外，還可以表示對比和轉折的

意思，翻譯為“而……”，根據上下文，這里是把芝加哥和密歇根湖做了個對比。而

其余幾個詞都無法表達這層含義。

9、

A、given

performed

C、conducted

D、acted

標準答案：B

知識點解析：考查詞義辨析與固定搭配。give意為“給出"，無法與operas和plays

搭配；perform意為“演出，表演”，可以與operas和plays搭配，為正確答案；

conduct意為“指導，指揮”，可以接指揮樂隊，不能和其他詞搭配；act意為“扮

演，演出“，只可以和play搭配。

10、

A、amazed

B、enticed

C>captured

D、attracted

標準答案：D

知識點解析:考查詞義辨析。amaze意為“使驚奇entice意為何誘,誘使”;

caplure意為“捕獲，抓住“；altracl意為“吸引”。根據上下文，這里表示的是：吸引

了無數的觀眾，故選項D正確。

11、

A、outsides

outdoor

C、without

D、within

標準答案：B

知識點解析：考查固定搭配與上下文邏輯關系。根據上下文，這里講的是發生在戶

外的事情，而outdoorconcerts是一個固定的短語，表示“室外音樂會

12、

A、notorious

B、known

C>famous

D、popular

標準答案：A

知識點解析：考查詞義辨析與上下文邏輯關系。所填的詞后面提到的是crime,故

此處需要一個表示貶義含義的詞。notorious意為“臭名昭著的”，是個貶義詞，放在

此處合適，其他幾個詞都不表示貶義。

13、

A、guarded

B、defended

C^protected

D、forefended

標準答案：C

知識點解析：考查詞義辨析與上下文邏輯關系。protect意為“保護"；guard意為“守

衛，警戒”；defend意為“保衛”；forefend意為“防匚，防避”。這里根據上下文是說

所有的住宅都安裝三扇門進行保護，故選項A正確。

14、

A^equipped

B>installed

C、put

D、inserted

標準答案：B

知識點解析：考查詞義辨析與上下文邏輯關系。equip意為“配備，裝備insiall意

為“安裝insert意為“鑲嵌，插入“。這里講的是裝在墻上的小話筒，故選項B符

合句意。

15、

A、inthemoment

B、innecessity

C、inajuncture

D、inanemergency

標準答案：D

知識點解析：考查短語辨析與上下文邏輯關系。in【hemomenl意為“在……的時

候“，一般用inamoment,意為“馬上，一會兒“；innecessity意為“需要，必須

時'、；junciurc意為“時刻，關頭”，一般用于短語alihisjunciurc；inanemergcncy=if

Ihereisemergency,意為“如果發生緊急情況”。本句話是說：當人們發現自己身處

險境時，他只需把話筒從掛鉤上敲下來即可，不一會兒警察就會來救他了。

16、

A、off

B、out

C、down

D、away

標準答案：A

知識點解析：考查介詞用法與上下文邏輯關系。knockoff意為“敲掉，敲落”；

knockout意為“敲出，打出“；knockdown意為“打倒，撞倒”；knockaway意為“敲

下”。選項A和D意思二近似，但有區別，off=awayfromsth.符合這里仁勺語境。

17、

A、rescuehim

cometohisrescue

C、cometosave

D、save

標準答案：B

知識點解析：考查短語的固定搭配。cometohisrescue意為“前來救他

18、

A、Therefore

B>Moreover

C^However

D^Whatever

標準答案：c

知識點。析：考查連詞用法與上下文邏輯關系。這里根據上下文的意思，前后是表

示轉折的，故選項C正確。

19、

A、in

B、on

C、at

D、by

標準答案：C

知識點解析：考查短語的固定搭配。atdusk意為“黃昏”。

20、

A、since

B、then

C、after

D、until

標準答案：A

知識點解析：考查上下文邏輯關系。本句表示的是從那時起直到現在，故選擇

since合適，同時，如果使用since時態要用現在完成時，本句用的正好是這個時

態。

二、閱讀（常規閱讀理解）（本題共20題，每題7.0

分，共20分。）

IncomeinequalityintheUnitedStateremainedrelativelystableforaperiodofnearly

fortyyears.Beginninginthe1970's,however,thisperiodofstabilityended,asthefirst

signsofwideningincomeinequalitybecameapparent.Overthecourseofthel970*sand

1980,s,anincreasinglycleartrendtowardgreaterincomeinequalityemerged.Bytheend

ofthe1980,s,thetop20percentofworkerswerereceivingthelargestshareofincome

everrecordedbygovernmentfigures,andthebottomthreefifthswerereceivingthe

lowestshareseverrecorded.Thistrendhascontinuedintothe1990'sandcurrentlyshows

nosignsofdecline.Whentheindicatorsofgrowinginequalitywerefirstobservedinthe

1970's,someresearchersarguedthattheeffectsweremerelytemporaryartifactsofshort-

termlabormarketdisturbances.Thenewoccupationalstructureappearstobeonewithan

increaseofwell-paidtechnical,scientificandprofessionaljobsatthetop,asliding

middleclass,andagrowingpoorly-paidserviceandretailjobsatthebottom.Several

importantlabor-forcechangesappearedtobecontributingtotheshiftingoccupational

structure.Asoccupationalreconstructingandgrowingincomeinequalityhavebecome

increasinglyevident,aheateddebateastothecausesandmagnitudeofthesechanges

arose.Twodominantbodiesofthoughtemergedaroundtheissue:thejob-skillmismatch

thesisandthepolarizationthesis.Mismatchtheoristsarguethatthereisanincreasing

distancebetweenthehighskillrequirementsofpost-industrialjobsandtheinadequate

trainingandmediocrequalificationsofworkers.Theyseethepost-industrialeconorriy

leavingbehindunskilledworkers,especiallywomenandminorities.Forthemismatch

theorist,thetrendtowardgreaterinequalityistemporaryaridwilldissipateoncethe

supplyofworkersacquirestheskillsdemandedbyapost-industrialeconomy.Andthey

predictthattheworkerswillexperienceanupgradingintheirwagesoverthelongrun.

Polarizationtheorists,ontheotherhand,believethattheriseininequalityispermanent,a

resultoftheshifttoaservice-basedeconomy.Thisvisionofthepostindustrialeconomy

ischaracteristicallypolarized.Theproblemaccordingtothesetheorists,isthetypeof

jobsbeinggeneratedintheneweconomy,notworkerattributes.Becausetheybelievethe

causesarestructuralandpermanent,polarizationtheoristswoulddenytheefficacyof

publicpoliciesdesignedtoeducateandtrainunskilledworkers.Theypredictalong-term

continuationofthetrendtowardsincreasingincomeinequality.Studiesshowthatthe

long-runincreaseinincomeinequalityisalsorelatedtochangesintheNation'slabor

marketanditshouseholdcomposition.Thewagedistributionhasbecomeconsiderably

moreunequalwithmorehighlyskilled,trainedandeducatedworkersatthetop

experiencingrealwagegainsandthoseatthebottomrealwagelosses.Onefactoristhe

shiftinemploymentfromthosegoods-producingindustriesthathavedisproportionately

providedhigh-wageopportunitiesforlow-skilledworkers,towardsservicesthat

disproportionatelyemploycollegegraduates,andtowardslow-wagesectorssuchasretail

trade.Butwithinindustry,shiftsinlabordemandawayfromless-educatedworkersare

perhapsamoreimportantexplanationoferodingwagesthantheshiftoutof

manufacturing.Alsocitedasputtingdownwardpressureonthewagesofless-educated

workersareintensifyingglobalcompetitionandimmigration,thedeclineofthe

proportionofworkersbelongingtounions,thedeclineintherealvalueoftheminimum

wage,theincreasingneedforcomputerskills,andtheincreasinguseoftemporary

workers.

21、FromtheParagraph1,wecanseethatbeginninginthe1970s.

A、incomebecamemoreunequal

B、incomebecamemoreequal

C、incomebecamemoreunstable

D、incomebecamemorestable

標準答案：A

知識點解析：從Beginninginthe1970*s>however,thisperiodofstabilityended,as

thefirstsignsofwideningincomeinequalitybecameapparent可以得出結論。

22、Accordingtothestatisticsofthe1980s,whichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?

A、Thetop20percentoftheworkersearnedmorethanthewell-paidtechnicians.

B、Overhalfoftheworkerswerepoorlypaid.

C、Thereweremoreservicejobs.

D、Incomestillremainedunequal.

標準答案：A

知識點解析：從文中可以看出，well-paidlechnicians就足高收入人群。

23、AccordingtoParagraph2,whichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue?

A>Bothmismatchtheoristsandpolarizationtheoriststhinkthatgreaterinequalitywill

remain.

B、Mismatchtheoristsandpolarizationtheoristshaveoppositeviewsregardingthepost-

industrialeconomy.

C>Polarizationtheoristsdonotthinkitusefultotraintheworkers.

D、Bothgroupsoftheoriststrytoexplainthecausesofincomeinequality.

標準答案:A

知識點解析：從第二段中Forthemismatchtheorist,thetrendtowardgreater

inequalityistemporaryaridwilldissipate可以得出結論。

24、Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?

A、Thelong-runincreaseinincomeinequalityiscausedbyhewagedistribution.

B、fewergoods-producingindustrialworkerswillbeemployed.

C、Notenoughcollegestudentsareemployedbydifferentservices.

D、Lesseducatedworkershavebecomemoreimportant.

標準答案：B

知識點解析：因為勞工雇用已經從goods-producingindustries轉變到其他領域。

25>Accordingtothewriter,intensifyingglobalcompetitionandimmigrationwill

A、reducetheproportionofunionworkers

reducetherealvalueoftheminimumwage

C、increasetheuseoftemporaryworkers

D、makethewagesofless-educatedworkersgodown

標準答案：D

知識點解析：從andtheincreasinguseoftemporaryworkers中可以得出答案。

Withonlyabout1,000pandasleftintheworld,Chinaisdesperatelytryingtoclonethe

animalandsavetheendangeredspecies.That'samovesimilartowhataTexasA&M

Universityresearcherhasbeenundertakingforthepastfiveyearsinaprojectcalled

"Noah'sArk".Dr.DuaneKraemer,aprofessorinTexasA&M'sCollegeofVeterinary

Medicineandapioneerinembryotransferworkandrelatedprocedures,sayshesalutes

theChineseeffortand"Iwishthemallthebestsuccesspossible.Itsaworthwhile

project,certainlynotaneasyone,andit'sverymuchlikewhatwe'reattemptinghereat

TexasA&M—tosaveanimalsfromextinction."Noah'sArkisaimedatcollectingeggs,

embryos,semenandDNAofendangeredanimalsandstoringtheminliquidnitrogen.If

certainspeciesshouldbecomeextinct,Kraemersaystherewouldbeenoughofthebasic

buildingblockstorcintroduccthespeciesinthefuture.Itisestimatedthatasmanyas

2,000speciesofmammals,birdsandreptileswillbecomeextinctoverthenext100years.

Thepanda,nativeonlytoChina,isindangerofbecomingextinctinthenext25years.

Thisweek,Chinesescientistssaidtheygrewanembryobyintroducingcellsfromadead

femalepandaintotheeggcellsofaJapanesewhiterabbit.Theyarenowtryingto

implanttheembryointoahostanimal.Theentireprocedurecouldtakefromthreetofive

yearstocomplete."Thenucleartransferofonespeciestoanotherisnoteasy,andthe

lackofavailablepandaeggscouldbeamajorproblem,"Kraemerbelieves."Theywill

probablyhavetodoseveralhundredtransferstoresultinonepregnancy.Ittakesalong

limeandit'sdifficult,butthiscouldbegroundbreakingscienceifitworks.Theyare

certainlynotputtinganylivepandasatrisk,soitisworththeeffort,"addsKraemer,who

isoneoftheleadersoftheMissyplicityProjectatTexasA&M,thefirst-everattemptat

cloningadog."Theyaretryingtodosomethingthat'sneverbeendone,andthisisvery

similartoourworkinNoah'sArk.We'rebothtryingtosaveanimalsthatfaceextinction.

Icertainlyapplaudtheireffortandthere'salotwecanlearnfromwhattheyare

attemptingtodo.It'saresearchthatisverymuchneeded."

26>Theaimof"Noah'sArk"projectisto.

A、implantembryointoahostanimal

salutetheChineseeffortsinsavingpandas

C>saveendangeredanimalsfromextinction

D、introducecellsfromadeadfemalepandaintotheeggceilsofaJapanesewhiterabbit

標準答案：C-

知識點解析：選項C的意思是：拯救瀕于滅絕的動物。原文見第二段末。

27、HowlongwilltheChinesepanda-cloningprojectlakeaccordingtothepassage9

A^1year.

B、3to5years.

C、2years.

D、25years.

標準答案：C

知識點解析：答案可從原文第8段找到。原文說：“整個程序需要三到五年。”

28、Theword"groundbreaking'^Paragraph7）canbeinterpretedas.

A、essentiallynew

B、pioneering

C>evolutionary

D、epoch-making

標準答案：B

知識點解析：這是,道解詞題。groundbreaking的意思等于openingupanew

researchfieldorground（開辟新的疆域、領域）。其相應詞pioneering的意思是：開創

性的，創新性的。

29>WhatcouldbethemajorproblemincloningpandasaccordingtoProfessor

Kraemer?

A、Lackofavailablepandaeggs.

B、Lackofhostanimals.

C、Lackofqualifiedresearchers.

D、Lackoffunds.

標準答案：D

知識點解析：這是一道句義轉換釋意題。原文是一個強調句，強調研究的重要性，

意為：”研究著實是很重要的。”其意相當于：It，sworthyofthenameof

research.（研究就是研究，這項研究確實是一項名副其實的研究。）

30、Thebesttitleforthepassagemaybe.

A、China一theNativePlaceofPandasForever

China'sEffortstoClonePandas

C、China'sFirstClonedPanda

D、ExploringthePossibilitytoClonePandas

標準答案：B

知識點解析：選項B和C都可以成為正確答案。但B更顯得中肯，樸實無華。選

項C加上了“willshocktheworld（將使世界震驚），沒有干成的事似可不必夸張。

ItisincongruousthatthenumberofBritishinstitutionsofferingMBAcoursesshould

havegrownby254percentduringaperiodwhentheeconomyhasbeenslidinginto

deeperrecession.Optimists,orthosegiventospeed,assumptions,mightthinkit

marveloustohavesucharesourceofbusinessschoolgraduatesreadyfortherecovery.

Unfortunately,thereisnowmuchdoubtaboutthevalueofthedegreenotleastamong

MBAgraduatesthemselves,sufferingastheyarefromtheeffectsofrecessionandfacing

theprospectofshrinkingmanagementstructures.Whatwastakensomeyearsagoasa

ticketofcertainadmissiontosuccessisnowbeingexposedtothescrutinyofcost-

consciousemployerswhoseek"can-dos"ratherthan"might-dos',,andwhofeelthat

academiabasnotbeensufficientlyappreciativeoftheneedsofindustryorofthe

employers'possiblecontribution.Itiscurious,giventhenameofthedegree,thatthere

shouldbenoleaguetableforUKbusinessschools;nounanimityaboutwhatthedegree

shouldencompass;andnoagreedsystemofaccreditation.Surelythereissomething

wrong.Onewonderswhereallthetutorsfbrthismassiveinfusionofbusinessexpertise

camefromandwhyallthismushroomingtookplace.Perhapscompanies（hatmadelarge

investmentswouldhavebeenwisertoinvestinalreadyexistingmanagers,perched

anxiouslyontheirowninternalladdersTheInstituteofManagement's1992survey,

whichrevealedthateighty-onepercentofmanagersthoughttheypersonallywouldbe

moreeffectiveiftheyreceivedmoretraining,suggeststhatthismightbethecase.There

is,too,thefactthattrainingalonedoesnotmakesuccessfulmanagers.Theyneedthe

inherentqualifications.Ofcharacter;adegreeofself-subjugation;andaboveall,the

abilitytocommunicateandlead;moresonow,whenempowermentisabuzzwordthatis

atleastgeneratinggenuflexions,ifnottotalconviction.Onecaneasilythinkofpeople,

somecomparativelyunlettered,whoarenotlaudedcaptainsofindustry.Wemay,

therefore,notneedtobetooconcernedaboutthefallinapplicationsforbusinessschool

places,oreventhedoubtaboutMBAs.Theproliferationandsubsequentquestioningmay

havebeenaninevitableevolution.IftheManagementCharterInitiative,nowexploring

theintroductionofaseniormanagementqualification,issuccessful,therewillbea

powerfulcorrective.Webelievenowthatmanagementisallaboutchange.Onehopes

therewillbesomeofthatinrelationshipbetweenmanagementandsciencewithin

industry,currentlycausingconcernandwhichisoverdueforattention.No-oncdoubts

thatwcneedmorcscientistsandinnovationtogiveusanedgeinanincreasingly

competitiveworld.Ifscientistsfeelthemselvesundervaluedandunder-used,workingin

industrialghettos,thatisnotapromisingauguryforthefuture.Itseemswehaveto

resolvethesemisapprehensionsbetweenscienceand.industry.Aboveall,wehaveto

makesurethatmanagementisnotitselfsmugaboutitsstatusandthatitdoesnotissue

missionstatementsaboutcommunicationwithoutrealizingthattheessenceofitisa

dialogue.Moreempowermentisrequiredandweshouldstrivetoachieveit.

31、Whatisthewriter'sviewinthereadingpassage?

HebelievesthattherearetoomanyMBAs

B、Hebelievesthatthedegreeisover-valued

C、Hebelievesthatstandardsareinconsistent

D^Hebelievesthatthedegreehasdubiousvalue

標準答案：c-

知識點解析：從文中第三段可知；A,B,D三項文中提到過，但只是某些人的觀

點，作者并未完全贊同。

32、Accordingtothepassage,employers.

A、feelthattheyhavenetbeenconsultedsufficientlyabouttheirneeds

considerthatcost-consciousnessisthemostimportantqualification

C、arcmoreconcernedaboutthevalueofthedegreethangraduatesthemselves

D、feelthatMBAswillnotbenecessarybecauseofshrinkingmanagementstructures

標準答案：D--

知識點解析：從文章一、二段可知；A文章未提及；B對于成本的考慮是對雇主的

形容，而不是對于管理者的素質要求；C錯誤，應以是對其自身素質的考慮重于學

位的考慮。

33、Accordingtothepassage.

A.managersneedadegreeandtheabilitytocommunicate

trainingneedtobedoneingroupstobesuccessful

C、managerstodaymusthavegoodcommunicationandleadershipskills

D、industrialmanagersdonotneedtowriteletters.

標準答案：C

知識點解析：文中第四段中“aboveall,theabilitytocommunicateandlead”nj知答

案。

34、Inthewriter'sopinion.

A、scienceincreasescompetition

scientistsareundervalued

C、themanagementofscienceneedsreassessment

D、managementfcelssmugaboutitsstatus

標準答案：A

知識點解析：文章最后一段中“No-onedoubtsthatweneedmorescientistsand

innovationtogiveusanedgeinanincreasinglycompetitiveworld”，可見科學是促進

競爭的因素之一；B錯誤，文中只是假設；C在文中未提及；D錯誤，與文中意思

相反。

35、Whichoftheinformationistrueaccordingtothepassage?

A、Mostmanagersinterviewedfeltthattheircolleaguesneededmoretraining

B、Employerstodayarelookingfbrprovenexperienceratherthanpotentialability

C、TheManagementCharterInitiativeisanattempttostandardizeMBAs

D、CompanieswouldhavebenefitedmorefromrecruitingMBAsratherthaninvesting

intheirownstaff

標準答案：B

知識點解析：文中第二段中說的“seekcan-dosratherthanmight-dos”表明企、也更看重

實際的能力而非潛在的能力，B正確；A錯誤，他們說的是自己，而非同事；C錯

誤，Manage-meritCharterInitiative正在開發一種新的高級管理資格標準，而非

MBA；D錯誤，剛好相反。

Nuclearpower'sdangertohealth,safety,andevenlifeitselfcanbesummedupinone

word:radiation.Nuclearradiationhasacertainmysteryaboutit,partlybecauseitcannot

bedetectedbyhumansenses.Itcan'tbeseenorheard,ortouchedortasted,eventhough

itmaybeallaroundus.Thereareotherthingslikethat.Forexample,radiowavesareall

aroundusbutwecan'tdetectthem,sensethem,withoutaradioreceiver.Similarly,we

can'tsenseradioactivitywithoutaradiationdetector.Butunlikecommonradiowaves,

nuclearradiationisnotharmlesstohumanbeingsandotherlivingthings.Atveryhigh

levels,radiationcankillananimalorhumanbeingoutrightbykillingmassesofcellsin

vitalorgans.Buteventhelowestlevelscandoseriousdamage.Thereisnolevelof

radiationthatiscompletelysafe.Iftheradiationdoesnothitanythingimportant,the

damagemaynotbesignificant.Thisisthecasewhenonlyafewcellsarehit.Andifthey

arekilledoutright,yourbodywillreplacethedeadcellswithhealthyones.Butifthefew

cellsareonlydamaged,andiftheyreproducethemselves,youmaybeintrouble.They

reproducethemselvesinadeformedway.Theycangrowintocancer.Sometimesthis

doesnotshowupformanyyears.Thisisanotherreasonforsomeofthemysteryabout

nuclearradiation.Seriousdamagecanbedonewithoutthevictimbeingawareatthetime

thatdamagehasoccurred.Apersoncanheirradiatedandfeelfine,thendieofcancer

five,ten,ortwentyyearslaterasaresult.Orachildcanbebornweakorliabletoserious

illnessasaresultofradiationabsorbedbyitsgrandparents.Radiationcanhurtus.We

mustknowthetruth.

36、Accordingtothepassage,thedangerofnuclearpowerliesin.

A、nuclearmystery

B、radiationdetection

C、radiationlevel

D、nuclearradiation

標準答案：D

知識點解析:nuclearradialion意為“核輻射”,題中的liesin意為“在于”。據短文中

的第一句：“核動力對……的危害歸納為一句話—核輻射該句中的radiation等

于muclearradiationo

37、Radiationcancauseseriousconsequencesatthelowestlevel.

A、whenitkillsfewcells

BNifitdamagesthefewcells

C、thoughthedamagedcellscanrepairthemselves

D、unlessthedamagedcellscanreproducethemselves

標準答案：B-

知識點解析：ifitdamagesthefewcells"如果核輻射損傷了少量的細胞”，題中的at

thelowestlevel意為“在最低的程度“，consequences意為“后果

38、Theword"significant"inParagraph3mostprobablymeans.

A、responsible

meaningful

C、fatal

D、harmful

標準答案：D

知識點解析：harmful意為“有害的”，題中的significant意為“重大的；有意義的

據第三段第四句：“如果輻射沒有輻射到重要部位，那么損害就不大”，得知nolbe

significan儼沒有意義”，即“無大礙”，也就足“無害”，因此significant的意思為

harmfulo

39、Radiationcanhurtusinthewaythatitcan.

A^killlargenumbersofcellsinmainorganssoastocausedeathimmediately

B、damagecellswhichmaygrowintocanceryearslater

C、affectthehealthygrowthofouroffspring

D^alloftheabove

標準答案：D

知識點解析：據第三、四段的內容我們得知：輻射對我們的傷害：1.它可以殺死

大量重要器官的細胞，造成立即死亡：2.損壞的細胞導致以后的癌癥：3.影響后

代的健康。

40、Whichofthefollowingcanbebestinferredfromthepassage?

A、Theimportanceofprotectionfromradiationcannotbeover-emphasized.

B、Themysteryaboutradiationremainsunsolved.

C^Cancerismainlycausedbyradiation.

D、Radiationcanhurtthosewhoarenotawareofitsdanger.

標準答案：A

知識點解析：短文說明，防止核輻射的重要性怎么強調都不過分。

三、閱讀（補全短文）（本題共5題，每題1.0分，共

5分。）

[A]Forexample,theUniiedStatesisamajorconsumerofcoffee,yetitdoesnothavethe

climatetogrowanyofitsown.Consequently,theUnitedStatesmustimportcoffeefrom

countries（suchasBrazil,ColombiaandGuatemala）thatgrowcoffeeefficiently.Onthe

otherhand,theUnitedStateshaslargeindustrialplantscapableofproducingavarietyof

goods,suchaschemicalsandairplanes,whichcanbesoldtonationsthatneedthem.If

nationstradeditemforitem,suchasoneautomobilefor10,000bagsofcoffee,foreign

tradewouldbeextremelycumbersomeandrestrictive.Soinsteadofbarter,whichisthe

tradeofgoodswithoutanexchangeofmoney,theUnitedStatesreceivesmoneyin

paymentforwhatitsells.ItpaysforBraziliancoffeewithdollars,whichBrazilcanthen

usetobuywoolfromAustralia,whichinturncanbuytextilesfromGreatBritain,which

canthenbuytobaccofromtheUnitedStates.[B]Foreigntradealsooccursbecausea

countryoftendoesnothaveenoughofaparticularitemtomeetitsneeds.Althoughthe

UnitedStatesisamajorproducerofsugar,itconsumesmorethanitcanproduce

internallyandthusmustimportsugar.[C]Foreigntrade,theexchangeofgoodsbetween

nations,takesplaceformanyreasons.Thefirst,asmentionedaboveisthatnonationhas

allofthecommoditiesthatitneeds.Rawmaterialsarescatteredaroundtheworld.Large

depositsofcopperareminedinPeruandZaire,diamondsareminedinSouthAfricaand

petroleumisrecoveredintheMiddleEast.Countriesthatdonothavetheseresources

withintheirownboundariesmustbuyfromcountriesthatexportthem.[D]Intoday's

complexeconomicworld,neitherindividualsnornationsareself-suffi-cient.Nations

haveutilizeddifferenteconomicresources;peoplehavedevelopeddifferentskills.Thisis

thefoundationofworldtradeandeconomicactivity.Asaresultofthistradeandactivity,

internationalfinanceandbankinghaveevolved.|E|Finally,foreigntradetakesplace

becauseofinnovationorstyle.EventhoughtheUnitedStatesproducesmoreautomobiles

thananyothercountry,itstillimportslargenumbersofautosfromGermany,Japanand

Sweden,primarilybecausethereisamarketforthemintheUnitedStates.[F]Formost

nations,exportsandimportsarethemostimportantinternationalactivity.Whennations

exportmorethantheyimport,theyarcsaidtohaveafavorablebalanceoftrade.When

theyimportmorethantheyexport,anunfavorablebalanceoftradeexists.Nationstryto

maintainafavorablebalanceoftrade,whichassuresthemofthemeanstobuynecessary

imports.|G|Third,onenationcansellsomeitemsatalowercostthanothercountries.

Japanhasbeenabletoexportlargequantitiesofradiosandtelevisionsetsbecauseitcan

producethemmoreefficientlythanothercountries.ItischeaperfortheUnitedStatesto

buythesefromJapanthantoproducethemdomestically.Accordingtoeconomictheory,

Japanshouldproduceandexportthoseitems