昆明市2024屆高三第八次考前適應性訓練英語試卷本試卷共三個部分。考試結束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。滿分120分，考試用時100分鐘。注意事項：1.答題前，考生務必用黑色碳素筆將自己的姓名、準考證號、考場號、座位號在答題卡上填寫清楚，并認真核準條形碼上的準考證號、姓名、考場號、座位號及科目，在規定的位置上貼好條形碼。2.每小題選出答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對應題目的答案標號涂黑。如需改動，用橡皮擦擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標號。答在試卷上的答案無效。第一部分：閱讀（共兩節，滿分50分）第一節（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項（A、B、C、D）中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。AIftheremaybeanyerrorswhenusingthejuicer,pleaseconfirmthefollowingpointsbeforecontactingthecustomerserviceforsupport.1.Error:Can’tworkReason:DeadbatterySolution:Chargeintime2.Error:StopsuddenlyduringworkingReason:(1)Thefruitistoobig(2)ThebatteryisdownSolution:(1)Cutsmallpiecesoffruit(2)Chargeintime3.Error:AbnormalnoiseReason:(1)Partsofthemachinearenotinstalledinplace(2)Themachineisplacedinaninclined(傾斜的)positionwhenworkingSolution:(1)Confirmwhetherpartsofthemachinearewellassembled(2)Putthemachineonalevelsurfaceforuse4.Error:ThereisfoodoverflowwhenworkingReason:(1)Thefruitistoobig(2)TheuppercoverisnotinstalledcorrectlySolution:(1)Cutsmallpiecesoffruit(2)Installtheuppercovercorrectly5.Error:(1)Theredalarmlightflashesforabout10seconds(2)ThechargingindicatorlightisnotbrightReason:(1)Thebatteryisdeadortheautomaticprotectionison(2)ThechargingcableisnotconnectedSolution:(1)Chargeintime(2)ConnectthechargingcableWarranty(保修)exceptionTheproductisnotcoveredbythewarrantyifitbreaksdownorisdamagedunderanyofthefollowingcircumstances.1.Theproductsusedareobtainedthroughotherchannelsthanthecompany’ssaleschannels.2.Productswhosewarrantycardislostandcannotproviderelevantsupportingmaterials.3.Damagecausedbydisassemblyorrepairoftheproductbyanyindividualotherthanthespecialrepairdesignated(指定)bythecompany.4.Productdamagejudgedtobeman-made.Ifanyrepairsoccur,therelevantfeeswillbecharged.1.Whatcanusersdowhenhearingabnormalnoise?A.Chargeintime. B.Replacecertainparts.C.Cutsmallpiecesoffruit. D.Putthemachineonalevelsurface.2.Whatwillhappeniftheuppercoverisn’tputinplace?A.Thefoodwillspill. B.Themachinewillstop.C.Theredalarmlightwillflash. D.Theautomaticprotectionwillbeon.3.Inwhichconditiondocustomerslosetherighttowarranty?A.Theusersrefusetopayrelevantfees.B.Theproductispurchasedatadiscount.C.Theusershaveresetthemachineformanytimes.D.Theproductisdamagedduetousers’carelessness.【答案】1.D2.A3.D【解析】【導語】這是一篇應用文。短文介紹了如果在使用榨汁機時可能存在任何錯誤，請在聯系客服尋求支持之前確認以下幾點注意事項。【1題詳解】細節理解題。根據3.Error:Abnormalnoise中的“Themachineisplacedinaninclined(傾斜的)positionwhenworking(機器工作時處于傾斜位置)”以及“Putthemachineonalevelsurfaceforuse(把機器放在水平面上使用)”可知，當用戶聽到異常噪音時，要將機器放在水平面上。故選D項。【2題詳解】細節理解題。根據4.Error:Thereisfoodoverflowwhenworking(工作時食物溢出)中的“Theuppercoverisnotinstalledcorrectly(上蓋沒有正確安裝)”可知，如果上蓋不到位，食物會溢出。故選A項。【3題詳解】細節理解題。根據Warranty(保修)exception中的“Theproductisnotcoveredbythewarrantyifitbreaksdownorisdamagedunderanyofthefollowingcircumstances.(如果產品在下列情況下發生故障或損壞，則不包括在保修范圍內)”及“Productdamagejudgedtobeman-made.(判定為人為造成的產品損壞)”可知，因用戶不小心導致產品損壞情況下，客戶失去保修權利。故選D項。BItallbeganinEverett,Washington,wheremyprojectteamwasintheprocessofconductingoneofourbusinesssystems.Sotoughwastheprojectthatweoftenstayedupcompletingthetasksassigned.Allofuswerewornout.Onenight,asIwalkedthroughtheparkinglotwithoneofmyemployees.Ifoundacentandpickeditup.Glancingatmyexhaustedemployee.Isuddenlyhadanideatodelighthim.Playfully,Ipresentedthecenttotheemployeeandsaid,“Thisisaninformalawardforyourefforts.”Heputthecentinhispocket.“Thankyou,”hesaid,awaveofjoysweepingacrosshisface.Aboutsixmonthslater,Iwaswalkingwiththesameemployee、thistimeinLosAlamitos,California,whenIagainfoundacentandgaveittohimwiththesamewords.Later,Igotintohisofficeandthere,tapedonapieceofpaperwerethetwocents,whichmademesurprised.Hesaidhewasdisplayingthemashisrecognitionforajobwelldone.Otheremployeesnoticedthecentsproudlydisplayedandbeganaskingwhytheyhadn’treceivedany.Theywerealsolongingforthe“reward”.ItwasthenthatIstartedhandingoutcents,explainingthattheywereforrecognition,notforreward.Soon,somanypeoplewantedthemthatIdesignedacentholder.Thefrontfeaturesaplaceforacentandbesideitthephrase,“Yourworkisrecognized!”Thebackhasroomfor30morecentsandthephrase,“Yourachievementscount!”Onetime,Ispottedanemployee,Mia,doingsomethingrightandwantedtorecognizeher,butIdidn’thaveacent,soIgaveheraquarter.Laterthesamedayshestoppedbyandreturned24cents.That’showthe“OneCentAward”wasborn.It’sbecomeasignificantsourceofrecognitioninourorganization.4.Whydidtheauthorgiveacenttotheemployeeinitially?A.Topraisehim. B.Toamusehim.C.Torewardhim. D.Tosurprisehim.5.Whatinspiredtheauthortohandoutcents?A.Thedesignofacentholder. B.Thesharedbeliefsinhisteam.C.Theeagernessoffellowemployees. D.Theexpectationforbetterachievements.6WhydidMiareturntheauthor24cents?A.Onecentstoodforrecognition. B.Shewasadvisedtodoso.C.Theauthorwasmeanwithmoney. D.Itisthecompany’sstrictregulation.7.Whichcanbestdescribetheemployees?A.Greedy. B.Motivated. C.Aggressive. D.Talented.【答案】4.B5.C6.A7.B【解析】【導語】這是一篇記敘文。本文講述作者一次不經意給員工發了一枚硬幣，以表示對其工作的認可，之后員工們努力進取并形成企業文化的故事。【4題詳解】細節理解題。根據第一段“Glancingatmyexhaustedemployee.Isuddenlyhadanideatodelighthim.Playfully,Ipresentedthecenttotheemployeeandsaid,“Thisisaninformalawardforyourefforts.””（瞥了一眼我疲憊的員工。我突然想到一個使他高興的主意。我開玩笑地把那枚硬幣遞給那位員工，說：“這是對你努力的非正式獎勵。）可知，作者起初只是讓員工開心，與他開了個玩笑。故選B項。【5題詳解】細節理解題。根據第四段“Otheremployeesnoticedthecentsproudlydisplayedandbeganaskingwhytheyhadn’treceivedany.Theywerealsolongingforthe“reward”.”（其他員工注意到這些驕傲地展示出來的美分，開始問為什么他們沒有收到一美分。他們也渴望得到“獎賞”）可知，同事們的急切心情啟發了作者分發硬幣。故選C項。【6題詳解】細節理解題。根據倒數第二段“Onetime,Ispottedanemployee,Mia,doingsomethingrightandwantedtorecognizeher,butIdidn’thaveacent,soIgaveheraquarter.Laterthesamedayshestoppedbyandreturned24cents.”（有一次，我看到一位名叫米婭的員工做對了一件事，我想認可她，但我沒有一分硬幣，所以我給了她一個25美分的硬幣。當天晚些時候，她來找我，還給了我24美分。）可知，為什么米婭還給了作者24美分是因為一分銀幣代表認可。故選A項。【7題詳解】推理判斷題。根據第四段“Otheremployeesnoticedthecentsproudlydisplayedandbeganaskingwhytheyhadn’treceivedany.Theywerealsolongingforthe“reward”.ItwasthenthatIstartedhandingoutcents,explainingthattheywereforrecognition,notforreward.Soon,somanypeoplewantedthemthatIdesignedacentholder.”（其他員工注意到這些驕傲地展示出來的美分，開始問為什么他們沒有收到一美分。他們也渴望得到“獎賞”。就在那時，我開始分發硬幣，解釋說它們是為了表彰，而不是獎勵。很快，很多人都想要這種硬幣，于是我設計了一個硬幣夾。）可知，員工們都積極向上。故選B項。CDogsareman’sbestfriends,andtheymaybetheheart’sbestfriendsaswell.AgroupofheartdiseaseexpertsfromtheAmericanHeartAssociation(AHA)reviewedresearchconnectinghearthealthwithowningadogandfoundthatowningadoghasalikelynexuswithalowerriskofheartdiseaseforthosewithoutahistoryofheartproblems,andwithgreatersurvivalratesamongheartdiseasepatients.Thegroup,chairedbyDr.GlennLevine,aprofessorofmedicineatBaylorCollegeofMedicine,releasedascientificstatementinfavorofhavingadogtolowertheriskofheartdiseasebyhelpingpeopletobemorephysicallyactiveaswellasreducebloodpressureandminimizetheeffectsofstress.Previousstudiesshowedthatthecompanionshipandcloserelationshipthatownersbuildwiththeirdogscanboostlevelsofanti-stresshormones(抗應激激素)thatcanincreaseresilience(適應力)andhelppeopletocopewithstressfulsituations.Oneofthestudiesfound,forexample,thatthosewhoadopteddogsenjoyedadropinbloodpressure,whileanotherrevealedthatamong5,200adults,thosewhoowneddogswere54%morelikelytogetrecommendedlevelsofexerciseandbeactivethannon-dogowners.Thattrendissupportedbyotherstudiesthatfoundpeoplewhoowneddogswerelesslikelytobeoverweight.AccordingtoareportoftheCentersforDiseaseControlandPrevention(CDC),dogsaren’tapanacea(靈丹妙藥)againstheartdisease,andit’slikelythattakingcareofthemrequirestheirownerstogetmoreexercise,whichcanreducestress,weightandbloodpressureandthusbenefittheheart.“Ifsomeoneadoptsapet,butstillsitsonthecouchandsmokesandeatswhateverhewantsanddoesn’tcontrolhisbloodpressure,”LevinetoldtheNeroYorkTimes,“that’snotawisestrategytodecreasetherisk”.8.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“nexus”inparagraph2probablymean?A.Comparison. B.Similarity. C.Combination. D.Link.9.Whatcanwelearnfromparagraph3?A.Stressisthecauseofheartattack.B.Peopleraisingpetscanbeslimmer.C.Dogs’companionholdsbackhormonefunctions.D.Anti-stresshormonelevelsarelowindogowners.10.WhichstatementmightCDCsupport?A.Dogownersworkoutmorebywalkingthedog.B.Dogscanbetrainedtodetecthighbloodpressure.C.Dogscanpreventownersfromsmokingonthecouch.D.Dogownersattachimportancetomonitoringhearthealth.11.Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?A.Howdogspromoteowners’mentalhealth.B.Raisingdogscanhelpreduceheartattack.C.Whataretheadvantagesofraisingdogs.D.Havingadogmaylowerheartdiseaserisk.【答案】8.D9.B10.A11.D【解析】【導語】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了狗可以幫助主人降低心臟病的風險。【8題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據第二段“AgroupofheartdiseaseexpertsfromtheAmericanHeartAssociation(AHA)reviewedresearchconnectinghearthealthwithowningadogandfoundthatowningadoghasalikelynexuswithalowerriskofheartdiseaseforthosewithoutahistoryofheartproblems,andwithgreatersurvivalratesamongheartdiseasepatients.(美國心臟病協會召集的一個心臟病專家小組，對一項將心臟健康與養寵物聯系起來的研究進行了審核，發現養寵物狗對那些沒有心臟病史的人來說很有可能與他們患心臟病的風險降低nexus，同時也與患心臟病的人的高存活率相關)”可知，研究說明了寵物狗與沒有心臟病史的人和患心臟病的人之間的關系。由此可知，劃線詞的意思是“聯系，關系”。故選D項。【9題詳解】推理判斷題。根據第三段“Thattrendissupportedbyotherstudiesthatfoundpeoplewhoowneddogswerelesslikelytobeoverweight.(這一趨勢得到了其他研究的支持，這些研究發現，養狗的人不太可能超重)”可推知，養寵物的人可能更苗條。故選B項。【10題詳解】推理判斷題。根據最后一段“AccordingtoareportoftheCentersforDiseaseControlandPrevention(CDC),dogsaren’tapanacea(靈丹妙藥)againstheartdisease,andit’slikelythattakingcareofthemrequirestheirownerstogetmoreexercise,whichcanreducestress,weightandbloodpressureandthusbenefittheheart.(根據美國疾病控制與預防中心(CDC)的一份報告，狗不是對抗心臟病的靈丹妙藥，照顧它們可能需要它們的主人多做運動，這樣可以減輕壓力、減輕體重和血壓，從而有益于心臟)”可推知，CDC可能支持養狗的人通過遛狗來鍛煉身體。故選A項。【11題詳解】主旨大意題。根據全文以及第三段“releasedascientificstatementinfavorofhavingadogtolowertheriskofheartdiseasebyhelpingpeopletobemorephysicallyactiveaswellasreducebloodpressureandminimizetheeffectsofstress.(發布了一份支持養狗的科學聲明，通過幫助人們更多地鍛煉身體，降低血壓，最大限度地減少壓力的影響，從而降低患心臟病的風險)”可知，短文主要講養狗可以降低患心臟病的風險。故選D項。DManyprimitivepeoplebelievedthatbyeatingananimaltheycouldgetsomeofthegoodqualitiesofthatanimalforthemselves.Theythought,forexample,thateatingdeerwouldmakethemrunasfastasthedeer.Sometribes(部落)evenateenemiesthathadshownbraveryinbattles.Amongcivilizedpeopleitwasoncethoughtthatgingerrootscouldimprovethememory.Eggswerethoughttomakethevoicepretty.Tomatoesalsowerebelievedtohavemagicalpowers.Theywerecalledloveapplesandweresupposedtomakepeoplewhoatethemfallinlove.Eventodaythereareagreatmanywrongideasaboutfood,someofwhichareverywidespread.Onesuchideaisthatfishisthebestbrainfood.Fishisgoodbrainfoodjustasitisgoodmusclefoodandskinfoodandbonefood.Butnoscientisthasbeenabletoprovethatfishisanybetterforthebrainthanmanyotherkindsoffood.Anothersuchideaisthatyoushouldnotdrinkwaterwithmeals.Scientiststellusthatwashingfooddownwithwaterasasubstituteforchewingisnotagoodidea,butsomewaterwithmealshasbeenfoundtobehelpful.Itmakesthedigestivejuicesflowmorefreelyandhelpstodigestthefood.Manyoftheideasthathavetodowithmixturesoffoodshavenoscientificfoundation.Afewyearsago,thebeliefbecamegeneralthatorangejuiceandmilkshouldneverbedrunkatthesamemeal.Thereasongivenwasthattheacidintheorangejuicewouldmakethemilkcurdle(結團)andbecomeindigestible.Asamatteroffact,expertsconfirmmilkalwaysmeetsinthestomachadigestivejuicewhichcurdleit;infact,thecurdlingofthemilkisthefirststepinitsdigestion.Asimilarwrongideaisthatfishandicecreamwheneatenatthesamemealformapoisonouscombination.12.Whydidsometribeseatbraveenemies?A.Theywereeagertobecourageous. B.Theyhatedbraveenemiesbitterly.C.Theyhadtofollowthelocalcustom. D.Theywereextremelylackinginfood.13.Whatmightcivilizedpeopleapproveof?A.Consumingeggscouldstrengthenthebones.B.Singersweresupposedtoconsumefishfrequently.C.Applescouldmakepeoplelosetheirhearttoothers.D.Thosesufferingmemorylossshouldeatgingerroots.14.Whichstatementisbasedonscientificbasis?A.Thecurdlingofmilkcanharmpeople’sstomach.B.Milkwillbepoisonousbyaddingorangejuicein.C.Drinkingwaterwithmealsisbeneficialtodigesting.D.Eatingfishandicecreamtogetherwillsickenpeople.15.Whatmightbeasuitabletitleofthetext?A.CivilizedPeople’sTableManners B.GoodRecipesPopularwithPeopleC.WrongWidespreadIdeasaboutFood D.PracticalThoughtsinFavorofHealth【答案】12.A13.D14.C15.C【解析】【導語】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了關于食物的一些錯誤觀點。【12題詳解】細節理解題。根據第一段“Manyprimitivepeoplebelievedthatbyeatingananimaltheycouldgetsomeofthegoodqualitiesofthatanimalforthemselves.Theythought,forexample,thateatingdeerwouldmakethemrunasfastasthedeer.Sometribes(部落)evenateenemiesthathadshownbraveryinbattles.(許多原始人相信，通過食用某種動物，他們可以獲得這種動物一些優良品質。例如，他們認為吃鹿肉會讓他們跑得和鹿一樣快。有些部落甚至吃掉在戰斗中表現勇敢的敵人)”可知，有些部落吃勇敢的敵人是因為他們渴望勇敢。故選A項。【13題詳解】細節理解題。根據第二段“Amongcivilizedpeopleitwasoncethoughtthatgingerrootscouldimprovethememory.(在文明人中，人們曾經認為姜根可以提高記憶力)”可知，文明人也許會贊成記憶力減退的人應該吃姜根。故選D項。【14題詳解】細節理解題。根據第五段“Scientiststellusthatwashingfooddownwithwaterasasubstituteforchewingisnotagoodidea,butsomewaterwithmealshasbeenfoundtobehelpful.Itmakesthedigestivejuicesflowmorefreelyandhelpstodigestthefood.(科學家告訴我們，用水把食物沖下去代替咀嚼并不是一個好主意，但用餐時喝水被發現是有幫助的。它使消化液更自由地流動，有助于消化食物)”可知，吃飯時喝水有利于消化是有科學依據的。故選C項。【15題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文尤其是根據第三段“Eventodaythereareagreatmanywrongideasaboutfood,someofwhichareverywidespread.(即使在今天，關于食物也有很多錯誤的觀念，其中一些非常普遍)”可知，文章介紹了關于食物的一些錯誤觀點。由此可知，短文的最佳標題為“關于食物的錯誤普遍觀念”。故選C項。第二節（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）根據短文內容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Moneyissomethingyou’vebeenfamiliarwiththroughoutyourlife.Infact,youmayalreadyconsideryourselfanexpertonthesubject.Youregularlyusemoneytomeasurethevalueofthingsyouown.____16____.Itmightsurpriseyoutolearnthatthere’sagreatdealofdisagreementamongeconomistsaboutwhatmoneyisandhowtomeasureit.Moneyservesanumberoffunctions,andanydefinitionofmoneymustconsiderallofitsfunctions.AMediumofExchangeMoneyrulesouttheneedforbarter(等價交換),thedirectexchangeofoneitemforanother.Barterisaveryinconvenientmeansoftrading.____17____.Asellerwithagoodsorservicetooffermustsearchforabuyerwhohasexactlywhatthesellerdesires.____18____Moneyprovidesaunitofaccount.Thevalueofanitemisameasureofwhatapersonwillsacrificetoobtainit.Howmuchisatwo-weekvacationinHawaiiworthtoyou?Ifyou’relikemostpeople,you’llprobablyrespondtosuchaquestionbyvaluingthevacationindollars—approximately$2,000—ratherthanintermsofotherthings(likeyourcar).____19____.AStandardofDeferredPayment(賒賬)____20____.Theunitofaccountfordeferredpaymentofdebtsisalsomoney.Ifyouborrowmoneytobuyacar,theloancontractspecifieshowmuchyoumustpaybackeverymonthandthenumberofmonthsrequiredtofulfillyourduty.A.AStandardofValueB.AnAccountofWealthC.You’reconstantlyvaluingitemsindollarsD.ItrequiresthedoublecoincidenceofwantsE.MoneycanbequicklytransformedintogoodsandservicesF.YoualsohavesomeofitinyourpocketandinbankaccountsG.Manycontractsinvolvepromisestopaysumsofmoneyinthefuture【答案】16.F17.D18.A19.C20.G【解析】【導語】這是一篇說明文。短文介紹了貨幣的諸多功能。【16題詳解】根據上文“Youregularlyusemoneytomeasurethevalueofthingsyouown.”（你經常用金錢來衡量你所擁有的東西的價值。）可知，錢在我們生活中很重要，所有應該有些錢或者存款。故F選項“你的口袋里和銀行賬戶里也有一些錢”切題。故選F項。【17題詳解】根據上文“Barterisaveryinconvenientmeansoftrading.”（物物交換是一種非常不方便的貿易方式）可知，選項承接上文說明物物交換要滿足的條件。故D選項“它需要需求的雙重巧合”，符合題意。故選D項。【18題詳解】根據下文“Moneyprovidesaunitofaccount.Thevalueofanitemisameasureofwhatapersonwillsacrificetoobtainit.”（貨幣是一種記賬單位。一件物品的價值是衡量一個人為了得到它付出了什么）可知，本段主要講貨幣是一種價值標準。故A選項“一種價值標準”切題。故選A項。【19題詳解】根據上文“Ifyou’relikemostpeople,you’llprobablyrespondtosuchaquestionbyvaluingthevacationindollars—approximately$2,000—ratherthanintermsofotherthings

(likeyourcar).”（如果你和大多數人一樣，你可能會用美元來衡量這個假期的價值——大約2000美元——而不是用其他東西(比如你的車)來衡量。）可知，我們常用錢來衡量物品的價值，而不是其他物品來衡量。故C選項“你總是用美元來衡量物品的價值”切題。故選C項。【20題詳解】根據標題“AStandardofDeferredPayment(賒賬)”（賒賬標準）可知，選項要說明延期付款標準的法律依據是什么。故G選項“許多合同都包括在未來支付一定數額的款項的承諾”切題。故選G項。第二部分：語言運用（共兩節，滿分30分）第一節（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的四個選項（A、B、C、D）中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。Hewas11yearsoldandoftenwentfishingwithhisfatherintheirboat.Onthedaybeforethebass(鱸魚)season____21____,heandhisfatherwerefishingearlyintheevening,catchingsunfishandperchwithworms.Whenhis____22____doubledover,heknewsomethinghugewasontheotherend.Heverycarefully____23____theexhaustedfishfromthewater.Itwasthelargestonehehad____24____seen,butitwasabass.Thefatherlitamatchandlookedathis____25____.Itwouldbetwohoursbeforethebassseasonopened.Helookedatthefishandthenattheboy.“You’llhaveto____26____it,son,”hesaid.“Dad!”criedtheboy.“Therewillbeotherfish,”saidhisfather.“Notasbigasthisone,”criedtheboy.He____27____thelake.Nootherfishermenorboatswereanywherearoundinthemoonlight.Helookedagainathisfather.Eventhoughnoonehadseenthem,norcouldanyoneeverknowwhattimehecaughtthefish,theboycouldtellbyhisfather’sfirmvoicethatthedecisionwasnot____28____.Heslowlyworkedthehook(鉤子)outofthelipofthehugebassandlowereditintotheblackwater,andit____29____soon.Thatwas34yearsago.Today,theboyisasuccessfularchitectinNewYorkCity.Hehadneveragaincaughtsucha_____30_____fishastheonehelandedthatnightlongago.Buthedoesseethatsamefish—againandagain—everytimehecomesupagainstaquestionof_____31_____.Ashisfathertaughthim,moralsaresimple_____32_____ofrightandwrong.Itisthepracticeofmoralsthatisdifficult.Dowedorightwhennooneis_____33_____?Weshouldlearntofollowthe_____34_____asthefathertaughttheson.Itisastorywewillproudlytellourchildrenandgrandchildren.Itisnotabouthowwehadachancetobeatthesystemandtookadvantageofit,butabouthowwedecideandhowwedotherightthing.The_____35_____todorightwilllivefreshinourmemory.21.A.closed B.opened C.canceled D.banned22.A.pole B.boat C.bucket D.line23.A.scratched B.squeezed C.lifted D.stamped24.A.rarely B.never C.merely D.ever25.A.watch B.son C.bass D.match26.A.hide B.release C.keep D.feed27.A.soughtfor B.divedinto C.lookedaround D.wanderedabout28.A.unacceptable B.available C.unavoidable D.negotiable29.A.arose B.approached C.disappeared D.bled30.A.huge B.tasty C.fresh D.valuable31.A.justice B.moral C.confidence D.insistence32.A.remarks B.assumptions C.behaviors D.matters33.A.checking B.inquiring C.caring D.looking34.A.regulation B.view C.motto D.trick35.A.challenge B.decision C.proposal D.honor【答案】21.B22.A23.C24.D25.A26.B27.C28.D29.C30.A31.B32.D33.D34.A35.B【解析】【導語】本文為記敘文。本文通過記述一個男孩與父親的一次釣魚經歷，揭示了深刻的人生哲理：無論什么時候都要堅持規定。【21題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：在釣鱸魚季節開始的前一天，他和他的父親在傍晚早早地開始了釣魚，用蠕蟲做誘餌釣太陽魚和鱸魚。A.closed關閉；B.opened打開，開始；C.canceled取消；D.banned禁止。根據下文“beforethebassseasonopened”可知，在釣鱸魚季節開始的前一天。故選B項。【22題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當他的桿子彎下來時，他知道有個龐然大物在另一頭。A.pole極，桿子；B.boat船；C.bucket水桶；D.line線。根據上文“fishing”以及常識可知，釣魚用魚竿。故選A項。【23題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：他小心翼翼地把筋疲力盡的魚從水里釣了出來。A.scratched撓(癢處)；B.squeezed壓榨；C.lifted抬起，抬高；D.stamped跺(腳)。根據下文“theexhaustedfishfromthewater”可知，魚上鉤時，要抬起起魚桿，將魚釣出水面。故選C項。【24題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：這是他所見過的最大的一條，但是這是一條鱸魚。A.rarely稀少地；B.never決不；C.merely僅僅；D.ever曾經。根據上文“Itwasthelargestone”可知，這是男孩曾經見過的最大的魚。故選D項。【25題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：父親點燃了一根火柴，看了看手表。A.watch手表；B.son兒子；C.bass鱸魚；D.match比賽。根據下文“Itwouldbetwohours”可知，作者的父親看了看手表。故選A項。【26題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：他說，“你得把它放了，孩子。”A.hide躲藏；B.release發布，釋放；C.keep保持；D.feed喂養。根據下文“Heslowlyworkedthehook(鉤子)outofthelipofthehugebassandlowereditintotheblackwater”可知，父親要求兒子放了鱸魚。故選B項。【27題詳解】考查動詞短語詞義辨析。句意：他環湖看了看。A.soughtfor搜尋；B.divedinto分成；C.lookedaround環顧著四周；D.wanderedabout徘徊。根據下文“Nootherfishermenorboatswereanywherearoundinthemoonlight.Helookedagainathisfather.”可知，他環湖看了看。故選C項。【28題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：盡管沒有人見過他們，也沒有人知道他是什么時候釣到魚的，但男孩可以從他父親堅定的聲音中看出，這個決定是不容商量的。A.unacceptable不可接受的；B.available可利用的；C.unavoidable不可避免的；D.negotiable可商議的。根據上文“hisfather’sfirmvoice”可知，男孩知道這個決定是不容商量的。故選D項。【29題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：他慢慢地把魚鉤從大鱸魚的嘴唇上取下來，把它放進黑水里，很快它就消失了。A.arose發生、出現；B.approached接近；C.disappeared消失；D.bled流血。魚被放了，所以很快就消失了。故選C項。【30題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：他再也沒有釣到過像很久以前那個晚上釣到的那樣巨大的魚。A.huge巨大的；B.tasty美味的；C.fresh新鮮的；D.valuable有價值的。根據上文“Itwasthelargestone”可知，他再也沒有釣到過像很久以前那個晚上釣到的那樣巨大的魚。故選A項。【31題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：但每次他遇到道德問題時，他確實會一次又一次地看到同樣的魚。A.justice公正；B.moral道德；C.confidence自信；D.insistence堅持。根據下文“morals”可知，指道德問題。故選B項。【32題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：正如他父親教導他的那樣，道德是簡單的對與錯問題。A.remarks評論；B.assumptions假設；C.behaviors行為；D.matters問題。根據下文“rightandwrong”可知，道德是簡單的對與錯問題。故選D項。【33題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我們在沒人注意的時候做對了嗎?。A.checking核對；B.inquiring詢問；C.caring關心；D.looking看，注意。根據上文“looked”和男孩覺得沒人看見不想放魚可知，作者在問人們在沒人注意的時候做對了嗎。故選D項。【34題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我們應該像父親教兒子那樣學會遵守規定。A.regulation法規，規定；B.view觀點；C.motto座右銘；D.trick詭計。根據上文可知，兒子在鱸魚季開釣之前，卻釣到了鱸魚，而父親堅持讓兒子放掉鱸魚，可見這是父親教兒子要學會遵守規定。故選A項。【35題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：做正確的決定將使我們記憶猶新。A.challenge挑戰；B.decision決定；C.proposal提議；D.honor榮耀。根據上文“Heslowlyworkedthehook(鉤子)outofthelipofthehugebassandlowereditintotheblackwater,andit____9____soon.”可知，兒子做出了正確的決定，使他34年后每遇到道德問題時，就會想起那條大魚，記起父親的教誨。故選B項。第二節（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當的內容（1個單詞）或括號內單詞的正確形式。Atage25,LanceArmstrongwasoneoftheworld’sbestcyclists.Heproveditby____36____(win)theWorldChampionshipsandmultipleTourdeFrancestages.LanceArmstrongseemedever-victoriousandhisfuturewasbright.Thentheytoldhimhehadcancer.Nexttothechallengehethenfaced,bikeracingseemedinsignificant.Thediagnosiswastesticularcancer,the____37____(common)cancerinmenaged15-35.If____38____(detect)early,ithadapromising90percentcurerate.Likemostyoung,healthymen,Lanceignoredthewarningsigns,andheneverimaginedthe____39____(serious)ofhiscondition.Goinguntreated,thecancer____40____(spread)toLance’sabdomen,lungsandbrain.Hischancesdimmed.Thenacombinationofphysicalconditioning,astrongsupportsystemandhis____41____(compete)spirittookover.Hedeclaredhimselfnotacancervictim____42____acancersurvivor.Hetookanactiveroleineducatinghimselfabouthisdiseaseandthetreatment.Armed____43____knowledgeandconfidenceinmedicine,heunderwentaggressivetreatmentandbeatthedisease.Duringhistreatment,beforehisrecovery,andbeforeheevenknewhisownfate,hecreatedtheLanceArmstrongFoundation,____44____markedthebeginningofLance’slifeas_____45_____advocateforpeoplelivingwithcancerandaworldrepresentativeforthecancercommunity.【答案】36.winning37.mostcommon38.detected39.seriousness40.hadspread41.competitive42but43.with44.which45.an【解析】【導語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了LanceArmstrong曾經是一名世界騎行冠軍，但是不幸得了癌癥，他并沒有被病魔打倒，而是積極配合治療，最終克服了病魔，并且還成立了基金會來幫助其他不幸的人。【36題詳解】考查介詞和動詞搭配。句意：他通過贏得世錦賽和多個環法自行車賽賽段的冠軍證明了這一點。win是動詞，意思是“贏得”，橫線前有介詞by，后面需要接doing的形式，故答案是winning。【37題詳解】考查形容詞最高級。句意：他被診斷為睪丸癌，在15—35歲的男性中最常見的癌癥。common是形容詞，意思是“常見的”，橫線前有the，說明這里需要填最高級形式，common的最高級是themostcommon，故答案是mostcommon。【38題詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意：如果早期發現，治愈率有望達到90%。分析句子可知，本句已經存在謂語had，所以detect（檢測）只能充當非謂語，它的邏輯主語是it，二者呈被動關系，需要使用過去分詞形式，故答案是detected。【39題詳解】考查名詞。句意：像大多數健康的年輕人一樣，蘭斯忽視了這些警告信號，他從來沒有想過自己病情的嚴重性。serious是個形容詞，意思是“嚴肅的”，橫線前有the，說明橫線處需要填名詞，serious的名詞是seriousness，故答案是seriousness。【40題詳解】考查過去完成時。句意：由于得不到治療，癌細胞已經擴散到蘭斯的腹部、肺部和腦部。分析句子可知，spread在句子里充當謂語，所以要考慮其時態變形。根據句意可知，由于他長時間未接受治療，癌癥已經開始蔓延，再因為全文都是過去時，所以應該使用過去完成時，表示過去的過去。spread的過去分詞仍然是spread，故答案是hadspread。【41題詳解】考查形容詞。句意：然后，身體調理，強大的支持系統和他的競技精神的結合接管了一切。compete是個動詞，意思是“競爭”，橫線后有名詞spirit，所以需要填入形容詞來充當定語修飾spirit，compete的形容詞是competitive（競爭的；競技的），故答案是competitive。【42題詳解】考查短語。句意：他宣稱自己不是癌癥患者，而是癌癥幸存者。本句考查固定句型“not…but…”，意思是“不是……而是……”，橫線前有“notacancervictim”，根據句意，這里填but符合題意，故答案是but。【43題詳解】考查介詞。句意：用知識和對醫學的信心武裝起來，他接受了積極的治療，戰勝了疾病。橫線前有armed，意思是“被裝備”，它的固定用法是“bearmedwithsth.”，意思是“裝備有某事”，故答案是with。【44題詳解】考查定語從句。句意：他創建了蘭斯阿姆斯特朗基金會，這標志著蘭斯作為癌癥患者的倡導者和癌癥社區的世界代表的生活的開始。橫線后是完整句子，橫線前有名詞foundation，說明這個句子是定語從句。先行詞是foundation，在從句中充當主語，而且本句是帶逗號的非限定性定語從句，故答案是which。【45題詳解】考查冠詞。句意：他創建了蘭斯阿姆斯特朗基金會，這標志著蘭斯作為癌癥患者的倡導者和癌癥社區的世界代表的生活的開始。advocate是個可數名詞，意思是“擁護者”，可數名詞單數前需要添加冠詞，根據句意，這里并不是特指，advocate首字母的發音為元音音素。故答案是an。第三部分：寫作（共兩節，滿分40分）第一節應用文寫作（滿分15分）46.假如你是國際學校學生李華，隨著世界野生動物日（5月22日）的到來，愛護動物已成為世界十大環保工作之一。請你在學校貼吧上發布一份倡議。要點如下：1.當前現狀；2.提出倡議；3.其他。注意：1.詞數80左右；2.可以適當增加細節，以使行文連貫。___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】Currently,thewildlifeisfacingseverechallenges.Theirhabitatsarebeingdestroyed.Worsestill,theirpopulationsaredecliningrapidly.Itisourcollectiveresponsibilitytoprotectthesepreciousspecies.First,itisproposedthatwepromotegreenlifestylesandreduc