PAGEPAGE17.閱讀理解(2篇)＋七選五＋語法填空Ⅰ.閱讀理解A(2024·福建廈門一模)話題：國家介紹詞數：224難度：★TinyCountriesYouNeverKnewExistedSaoTomeandPrincipeSaoTomeandPrincipeoffAfrica’swestcoastisonly372squaremiles，butithasimpressive，undamagednature，richinbiodiversespecies.Theamazingneedle-likevolcanicpeakPicoCaoGranderises1,000feetintotheair.Theislandsarehometoonlyaround200,000peopletoday.SanMarinoOnly23squaremileswithapopulationofjust34,000，thelittle-knowncountryofSanMarino，surroundedbyItaly，istheworld’sfifthsmallestcountry.WiththeUNESCOWorldHeritageSiteofMountTitano，thecountryissaidtobetheoldestrepublicintheworld.DominicaDominicacoversonly290squaremiles，withsomeofthebestdivingintheCaribbean，includingtheUNESCOWorldHeritageSiteofvolcanicMormeTroisPitonsNationalPark.InDominica，you’llseerainforests，waterfalls，andcoastalviews.TheislandisalsohometotheonlyremainingpopulationoftheKalinago，whoarepartoftheisland’s74,900inhabitants.KiribatiThisPacificislandcountryof33coralislandsis313squaremiles，butit’stheonlycountryintheworldtofallintoallfourhemispheres(半球)．Thecountry’s109,000residentsliveinonly21oftheislands.Seethistropicalparadisebeforeitisnolongerthere—risingseasarethreateningtoswallowthecountrywhole.語篇解讀這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了四個小國家。1．Whichcountryhasthesmallestpopulation?A．SaoTomeandPrincipe. B．SanMarino.C．Dominica. D．Kiribati.答案B解析細微環節理解題。依據第一段中的“Theislandsarehometoonlyaround200,000peopletoday”，其次段中的“Only23squaremileswithapopulationofjust34,000”，第三段中的“whoarepartoftheisland’s74,900inhabitants”和第四段中的“Thecountry’s109,000residents”可知，圣馬力諾的人口最少。故B選項正確。2．WhatcanoneseeinbothSanMarinoandDominica?A．Volcanoes. B．Worldheritagesites.C．ViewsoftheCaribbean. D．Waterfalls.答案B解析細微環節理解題。依據其次段最終一句“WiththeUNESCOWorldHeritageSiteofMountTitano，thecountryissaidtobetheoldestrepublicintheworld.”和第三段中的“includingtheUNESCOWorldHeritageSiteofvolcanicMormeTroisPitonsNationalPark”可知，在這兩個國家都有世界文化遺址。故B選項正確。3．WhichisTRUEofKiribati?A．Itisrichinbiodiversespecies.B．ItissurroundedbyItaly.C．ItishometotheKalinago.D．Itisdisappearing.答案D解析推理推斷題。依據最終一段中的“risingseasarethreateningtoswallowthecountrywhole”可知，上升的海平面正在威逼著整個國家。由此可以推知，這個國家快要消逝了。故D選項正確。B(2024·湖南婁底二模)話題：鐵杉樹蟲害詞數：359難度：★★★Thehemlock(鐵杉)treesalongtheWappingerCreek，NewYork，lookhealthy.However，scientistGaryLovettsaysthewhiteballswhichprovideprotectionforthebugsarecreatedbyatinyinsect.It’shardtobelievethetinybugcouldkillatree.However，treescanendupwithmillionsandmillionsofthepests.Whentherearethatmany，itendsupkillingthetree.ThebugfromEastAsiaisslowlykillingtreesacrosstheUSA.Thetrouble-makingbugisjustoneofmanyinvasive(入侵的)peststhathaveslippedintotheUnitedStates.Theycanhurtotherlivingthingsintheirnewhome.Manyinvasivepestsarriveonwoodenpalletspiledinsideshippingcontainers.Theysupportandseparategoods，andkeepthemfromslidingaround.Invasivepestsoftentunnelintothepallets.Howcanwestoppestsfromridingonpallets?Lovettsaysnewrulesareneeded.Thecompaniesthatmakepalletsdon’twantmorerules.Congresshasaddedanamendment(修正案)inthe2024FarmBilltotryandpreventthisproblem.However，Lovettisnothopefulitwillmakemuchofadifference.Palletsarecheckedbyinspectors.Manyaresprayedwithbug-killingpesticide.“Ibelieveinthesystem，”saidBrentMcClendon，presidentofTheNationalWoodenPalletandContainerAssociation.Healsosaidshippingcontainersarecheckedverycarefully.Still，eachyear13millioncontainersareshippedtotheUS.Eachisfullofwoodenpallets.Lovettsays，“Inspectorscan’tpossiblycheckeverything.Allittakesareafewbadpallets;weshouldgetridofwoodenpallets.”Hebelievespalletsshouldbemadeofplasticoreco-compositewood.Eco-compositewoodisamixofwoodfiberandplastic.Insectscannothideintoit.Oneproblemisthatthesechoicescostmore.Theymaybeworththeextramoney，though.InvasivepestscosttheUS$5billionayear.Treesdon’tjustdieinforests.Theyalsodieincitiesandouryards.Then，theyneedtobereplaced.Thatcostsmoney，too.語篇解讀本文介紹了美國鐵杉樹蟲害由運輸過程中運用的木板所攜帶的外來蛾蟲所致。政府頒布了法案解決但收效甚微。有關人士就此也提出相應的解決方案。4．AllthestatementsaretrueEXCEPTthat.A．pesticidehasbeenappliedtobug-killingB．thecompaniesmakingpalletsdon’twantmorerulesC．invasivepestshideinpalletsusedinshippingD．invasivepestsarenativetoWappingerCreek答案D解析細微環節理解題。依據其次段第一句“ThebugfromEastAsiaisslowlykillingtreesacrosstheUSA.”可知，此害蟲為外來物種，并非瓦平格河土生土長的，故選D。5．Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?A．Bugswon’tbotherthetreeifjustinfewnumbers.B．Bugsruintheshippinggoodsslowly.C．Bugscanbeeasilyspottedbyeyes.D．Bugscovertreeswithwhitesoftballsforprotection.答案A解析推理推斷題。依據第一段最終兩句“However，treescanendupwithmillionsandmillionsofthepests.Whentherearethatmany，itendsupkillingthetree.”可知，每棵樹上都會有大量的害蟲，當達到肯定數量之后，樹木就會死亡，故可以推出，少量的害蟲不會造成樹木死亡，故選A。6．WhydoesGaryLovettwanttogetridofwoodenpallets?A．Becauseinsectsmostlydieinthem.B．Becausetheyarethemajorpestcarriers.C．Becausetheyarenotworthextramoney.D．Becauseplasticpalletsareeco-friendly.答案B解析細微環節理解題。依據最終一段前兩句以及最終一段第五、六、七句可知，木板是鐵杉斑螟蛾蟲的主要載體，所以要把木制的板子換成塑料的，讓蛾蟲無藏身之地，故選B。7．Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?A．Congresscontributesalottodealingwithinvasivepests.B．Effectivemeasureshavestoppedthepestinvasion.C．InvasivepestsareharmingplantsintheUSA.D．EcosystemintheUSAispoorlydamagedbyinvasivewoods.答案C解析主旨大意題。依據第一段最終三句并結合全文內容可知，本文主要講解并描述外來蛾蟲入侵所致的鐵杉樹蟲害，會給當地的樹木造成猛烈的影響以及巨大的經濟損失，故選C。Ⅱ.七選五(2024·浙江溫州2月適應性考試)話題：語言學習詞數：282難度：★★★EverydayIseeadvertisementsinthenewspapersandonthebusesclaimingthatitiseasytolearnEnglish.Accordingtothem，withlittleeffort，astudentwillbeabletospeakthelanguagefluentlyinthreemonthsoreventendays.WhenIseeadvertisementslikethis，Idon’tknowwhethertolaughorcry.Ifitwerethateasy，Iwouldhavetolookforanotherjob，becauseveryfewqualifiedteacherswouldbeneeded.8Otherwisetheadvertisementswouldnotappear.Itisnaturalforstudentstobeattractedtomethodsthatwillteachthemquicklyandefficiently.9AnditisnousepretendingthatanyonehasdiscoveredaperfectwayofteachingEnglish.Someexpertsevenarguethattherearemanygoodmethodsofteachingalanguage.Nodoubtthisistruetoacertainextent，butitisnotveryhelpfultostudents.10OfcourseitisclearthatstudentswhogotoEngland，America，orAustraliatolearnEnglishhaveagreatadvantageoverothers.Butmanystudentscannotaffordtodoso.Otherstudentsgototheoppositeextreme.11ButitiswrongtoassumethateachwordinEnglishhasaprecisewordinanotherlanguage.Inmypersonalopinion，noonecaneverlearntospeakalanguageunlessheisinterestedinit.Humanbeings，unlikeanimals，donotlikemakingnoisesunlesstheyunderstandandcanrelatethemtotheirownlives.Itisworthrememberingthatlanguageisameansofcommunication.12Itwillbehelpfulifwepractisetheunfamiliarformsinrealsituations，talkingtoeachotheraboutreallifeinreallanguage.A．Weneedotherpeopletotalktoandlistento.B．Theyteachthemselvesathomewithdictionaries.C．Everyteacherisanindividualwithhisownpersonality.D．Butalargenumberofpeoplemustbelievetheseridiculousclaims.E．It’simpossibleforanytranslationmethodtoproducegoodpronunciation.F．Butitisdifficultforanyonetoexplainwhyonemethodisbetterthananother.G．Somestudentsbelievethattheonlywaytolearnalanguageistostayinthatcountry.eq\x(語篇解讀這是一篇說明文。本文講解并描述了一名語言老師對語言學習的個人看法。)8．答案D解析依據下文“Otherwisetheadvertisementswouldnotappear.(否則這些廣告就不會出現了)”可推知，上文是指肯定是有許多人信任了這些可笑的觀點。故選D。9．答案F解析本句位于段中，起承上啟下的作用。依據上文句意“學生自然會被快速有效的教學方法所吸引”與下文句意“假裝有人發覺了一種完備的英語教學方法是沒有用的”可知，本句應提出“但是任何人都很難說明為什么一種方法比另一種好”的觀點，故選F。10．答案G解析依據下文“Otherstudentsgototheoppositeextreme.”以及本段主要內容可知，G項“Somestudentsbelievethattheonlywaytolearnalanguageistostayinthatcountry.”符合語境。故選G。11．答案B解析依據上文“一些學生認為去說那個語言的國家是唯一的方法，而其他學生則走向另一個極端”，可推想下文是描述這一極端行為“他們在家自學字典”。students可對應到B選項中的They，故選B。12．答案A解析依據后文句意“假如我們在真實的情景中練習不熟識的形式，用真實的語言和對方談論真實的生活，這將是很有幫助的”。可知，上文是說學習語言須要和他人對話和傾聽。故選A。Ⅲ.語法填空(2024·山西試驗中學質檢)話題：救助溺水的孩子詞數：217難度：★★While13.(swim)，Myles，myfour-year-oldsonhadsomehowleftthekids’areaandgotintotheadults’pool.Weranoverandpulledhimoutofthewater，onlytoseehisfaceblueandbodystill.Hewasweakandlifeless.Oneperson14.(immediate)contactedthefrontdeskwhileanothercalled911.Myfriend，JohnNewlandandIbegantoperformCPR(心肺復蘇)．Thoughwetriedourbest，wefailed15.(make)anyimportantprogress.Anotherfriendof16.(I)realizedthattwooff-dutylifeguards，LizandAlisonManley，werenearby.Thesisters,15and18，recentlytrainedbytheRedCrossinCPR，tookovercompression(擠壓)andbreathing.AlisonstartedcompressionandLizgave17.(instruction)．Theycontinuedchestcompressionandrescuebreathing,18.seemedtolastforages.Allatonce19.filledmymindwereregretandhope.“Whatkindofafatherletsthishappen？”“Help，somebody，doanything！”Thenithappe