2016年英語(yǔ)閱讀理解試題及答案(二十篇)Passage1

In1939twobrothers,MacandDickMcDonald,startedadrive-inrestaurantinSanBernadino,California.Theycarefullychoseabusycornerfortheirlocation.Theyhadruntheirownbusinessesforyears,firstatheater,thenabarbecue（烤肉）restaurant,andthenanotherdrive-in.Butintheirnewoperation,theyofferedanew,shortenedmenu:Frenchfries,hamburgers,andsodas.Tothissmallselectiontheyaddedonenewconcept:quickservice,nowaitersorwaitresses,andnotips.

Theirhamburgerssoldforfifteencents.Cheesewasanotherfourcents.TheirFrenchfriesandhamburgershadaremarkableuniformity,forthebrothershaddevelopedastrictroutineforthepreparationoftheirfood,andtheyinsistedontheircooks'stickingtotheirroutine.Theirnewdrive-inbecameincrediblypopular,particularlyforlunch.Peopledroveupbythehundredsduringthebusynoontime.Theself-servicerestaurantwassopopularthatthebrothershadallowedtencopiesoftheirrestauranttobeopened.TheywerecontentwiththismodestsuccessuntiltheymetRayKroc.

KrocwasasalesmanwhomettheMcDonaldbrothersin1954,whenhewassellingmilkshake-mixingmachines.Hequicklysawtheuniqueappealofthebrothers'fast-foodrestaurantsandboughttherighttofranchise（特許經(jīng)營(yíng)）othercopiesoftheirrestaurants.Theagreementstruckincludedtherighttoduplicatethemenu.Theequipment,eventheirredandwhitebuildingswiththegoldenarches（拱門）.

TodayMcDonald'sisreallyahouseholdname.ItsnamesforitssandwicheshavecometomeanhamburgerinthedecadessincethedayRayKrocwatchedpeoplerushuptoorderfifteen-centhamburgers.In1976,McDonald'shadover$1billionintotalsales.Itsfirsttwenty-twoyearsisoneofthemostincrediblesuccessstoriesinmodernAmericanbusinesshistory.

1.Thispassagemainlytalksabout.

A）thedevelopmentoffastfoodservicesB）howMcDonald'sbecameabillion-dollarbusinessC）thebusinesscareersofMacandDickMcDonaldD）RayKroc'sbusinesstalent

2.MacandDickmanagedallofthefollowingbusinessesexcept.

A）adrive-inB）acinemaC）atheaterD）abarbecuerestaurant

3.Wemayinferfromthispassagethat.

A）MacandDickMcDonaldneverbecamewealthyfortheysoldtheirideatoKrocB）ThelocationtheMcDonaldschosewastheonlysourceofthegreatpopularityoftheirdrive-inC）Fortyyearsagotherewerenumerousfast-foodrestaurantsD）RayKrocwasagoodbusinessman

4.Thepassagesuggeststhat.

A）creativityisanimportantelementofbusinesssuccessB）RayKrocwastheclosepartneroftheMcDonaldbrothersC）MacandDickMcDonaldbecamebrokenaftertheysoldtheirideastoRayKrocD）Californiaisthebestplacetogointobusiness

5.Asusedinthesecondsentenceofthethirdparagraph,theworduniquemeans.

A）specialB）financialC）attractiveD）peculiarPassage2

You'rebusyfillingouttheapplicationformforapositionyoureallyneed;let'sassumeyouonceactuallycompletedacoupleofyearsofcollegeworkoreventhatyoucompletedyourdegree.Isn'tittemptingtoliejustalittle,toclaimontheformthatyourdiplomarepresentsaHarvarddegree?OrthatyoufinishedanextracoupleofyearsbackatStateUniversity?

Moreandmorepeopleareturningtoutterdeceptionlikethistolandtheirjobortomoveaheadintheircareers,forpersonnelofficers,likemostAmericans,valuedegreesfromfamousschools.Ajobapplicantmayhaveagoodeducationanyway,butheorsheassumesthatchancesofbeinghiredarebetterwithadiplomafromawell-knownuniversity.Registrarsatmostwell-knowncollegessaytheydealwithdeceitfulclaimsliketheseattherateofaboutoneperweek.

Personnelofficersdocheckupondegreeslistedonapplicationforms,then.Ifitturnsoutthatanapplicantslying,mostcollegesarereluctanttoaccusetheapplicantdirectly.OneIvyLeagueschoolcallsthemimpostors（騙子）;anotherreferstothemasspecialcases.Onewell-knownWestCoastschool,inperhapsthemostdelicatephraseofall,saysthattheseclaimsaremadebynosuchpeople.

Toavoidoutright（徹底的）lies,somejob-seekersclaimthattheyattendedorwereassociatedwithacollegeoruniversity.Aftercarefullychecking,apersonnelofficermaydiscoverthatattendingmeansbeingdismissedafteronesemester.Itmaybethatbeingassociatedwithacollegemeansthatthejob-seekervisitedhisyoungerbrotherforafootballweekend.Oneschoolthatkeepsrecordsoffalseclaimssaysthatthepracticedatesbackatleasttotheturnofthecentury-that'swhentheybegankeepingrecords,anyhow.

Ifyoudon'twanttolieorevenstretchthetruth,therearecompaniesthatwillsellyouaphony（假的）diploma.Onecompany,withofficesinNewYorkandontheWestCoast,willputyournameonadiplomafromanynumberofnon-existentcolleges.ThepricebeginsataroundtwentydollarsforadiplomafromSmootStateUniversity.ThepricesincreaserapidlyforadegreefromtheUniversityofPurdue.AsthereisnoSmootStateandtherealschoolinIndianaproperlycalledPurdueUniversity,thepricesseemratherhighforonesheetofpaper.

6.Themainideaofthispassageisthat.

A）employersarecheckingmorecloselyonapplicantsnowB）lyingaboutcollegedegreeshasbecomeawidespreadproblemC）collegedegreescannowbepurchasedeasilyD）employersarenolongerinterestedincollegedegrees

7.Accordingtothepassage,specialcasesrefertocaseswhere.

A）studentsattendaschoolonlypart-timeB）studentsneverattendedaschooltheylistedontheirapplicationC）studentspurchasefalsedegreesfromcommercialfilmsD）studentsattendedafamousschool

8.Wecaninferfromthepassagethat.

A）performanceisabetterjudgeofabilitythatacollegedegreeB）experienceisthebestteacherC）pastworkhistoriesinfluencepersonnelofficersmorethandegreesdoD）adegreefromafamousschoolenablesanapplicanttogainadvantageoverothersinjobpetition

9.Thispassageimpliesthat.

A）buyingafalsedegreeisnotmoralB）personnelofficersonlyconsiderapplicantsfromfamousschoolsC）mostpeoplelieonapplicationsbecausetheyweredismissedfromschoolD）societyshouldbegreatlyresponsibleforlyingonapplications

10.Asusedinthefirstlineofthesecondparagraph,theworduttermeans.

A）addressB）thoroughC）ultimateD）decisivePassage3

EveryonehasheardoftheSanAndreasfault（斷層）,whichconstantlythreatensCaliforniaandtheWestCoastwithearthquakes.ButhowmanypeopleknowabouttheequallyseriousNewMadridfaultinMissouri?

BetweenDecemberof1811andFebruaryof1812,threemajorearthquakesoccurred,allcenteredaroundthetownofNewMadrid,Missouri,ontheMississippiRiver.Propertydamagewassevere.Buildingsintheareawerealmostdestroyed.Wholeforestsfellatonce,andhugecracksopenedintheground,allowingsmellofsulfur（硫磺）tofilterupward.

TheMississippiRiveritselfcompletelychangedcharacter,developingsuddenrapidsandwhirlpools.Severaltimesitchangeditscourse,andonce,accordingtosomeobservers,itactuallyappearedtorunbackwards.FewpeoplewerekilledintheNewMaridearthquakes,probablysimplybecausefewpeoplelivedintheareain1811;buttheseverityoftheearthquakesareshownbythefactthattheshockwavesrangbellsinchurchtowersinCharleston,SouthCarolina,onthecoast.BuildingsshookinNewYorkCity,andclockswerstoppedinWashington,D.C.ScientistsnowknowthatAmerica'stwomajorfaultsareessentiallydifferent.TheSanAndreasisahorizontalboundarybetweentwomajorlandmassesthatareslowlymovinginoppositedirections.Californiaearthquakesresultwhenthemovementofthesetwomassessuddenlylurches（傾斜）forward.

TheNewMadridfault,ontheotherhand,isaverticalfault;atsomepoints,possiblyhundredsofmillionsofyearsago,rockwaspusheduptowardthesurface,probablybyvolcanoesunderthesurface.Suddenly,thevolcanoescooledandtherockcollapsed,leavinghugecracks.Evennow,therockcontinuestosettledownwards,andsuddensinkingmotionstrigger（觸發(fā)）earthquakesintheregion.Thefaultitself,alargecrackinthislayerofrock,withdozensofothercracksthatsplitofffromit,extendsfromnortheastArkansasthroughMissouriandintosouthernlllinois.

ScientistswhohavestudiedtheNewMadridfaultsaytherehavebeennumeroussmallerquakesintheareasince1811;thesesmallerquakesindicatethatlargeronesareprobablycoming,butthescientistssayhavenomethodofpredictingwhenalargeearthquakewilloccur.

11.Thispassageismainlyabout.

A）theNewMadridfaultinMissouriB）theSanAndreasandtheNewMadridfaultsC）thecausesoffaultsD）currentscientificknowledgeaboutfaults

12.TheNewMadridfaultis.

A）ahorizontalfaultB）averticalfaultC）amoreseriousfaultthantheSanAndreasfaultD）responsibleforformingtheMississippiRiver

13.Wemayconcludefromthepassagethat.

A）itisprobablyasdangeroustoliveinMissouriasinCaliforniaB）theNewMadridfaultwilleventuallydevelopamountainrangeinMissouriC）CaliforniawillbecomeanislandinfutureD）AbigearthquakewilloccurtoCaliforniasoon

14.Thispassageimpliesthat.

A）horizontalfaultsaremoredangerousthanverticalfaults.B）VerticalfaultsaremoredangerousthanhorizontalfaultsC）EarthquakesoccuronlyaroundfaultareasD）Californiawillbreakintopiecesbyaneventualearthquake

15.Asusedinthefirstsentenceofthefourthparagraph,thewordessentiallymeans.

A）greatlyC）basicallyB）extremelyD）necessarilyPassage4

Thosewhowelcomedtherailwaysawitasmorethanarapidandcomfortablemeansofpassing.Theyactuallysawitasafactorinworldpeace.Theydidnotforeseethattherailwaywouldbejustonemoremeansfortherapidmovementofaggressivearmies.Noneofthemforesawthatthemorewearetogether-themorechancesthereareofwar.Anyboyorgirlwhoisoneofalargefamilyknowsthat.

Wheneveranynewinventionisputforward,thoseforitandthoseagainstitcanalwaysfindmedicalmentoapproveorcondemn.Theanti-railwaygroupproduceddoctorswhosaidthattunnelswouldbemostdangeroustopublichealth:theywouldproducecolds,catarrhs（粘膜炎）andconsumptions.Thedeafeningnoiseandtheglareoftheenginefire,wouldhaveabadeffectonthenerves.Further,beingmovedthroughtheairatahighspeedwoulddograveinjurytodelicatelungs.Inthosewithhighblood-pressure,themovementofthetrainmightproduceapoplexy（中風(fēng)）.Thesuddenplungingofatrainintothedarknessofatunnel,andtheequallysuddenrushintofulldaylight,wouldcausegreatdamagetoeyesight.Butthepro-railwaygroupwasofcourseabletoproduceequallyfamousmedicalmentosayjusttheopposite.Theysaidthatthespeedandswingofthetrainwouldequalizethecirculation,promotedigestion,tranquilizethenerves,andensuregoodsleep.

Theactualrolling-stockwasanythingbutcomfortable.Ifitwasatestofendurancetositforfourhoursoutsideacoachinrain,orinsideindirtyair,therailwayofferedlittlemoreinthewayofcomfort.Certainlythefirst-classcarriageshadcushionedseats;butthesecond-classhadonlynarrowbareboards,whilethethird-classhadnothingatall;noseatsandnoroof;theywerejustopentrucks.Sothatthird-classpassengersgainednothingfromthefewmodeexceptspeed.Inthematterofcomfort,indeedtheylost;theydid,onthecoaches,haveaseat,butnowtheyhadtostandalltheway,whichgaveopportunitiestothecomic（滑稽的）press.Thiskindofthing:Amanwasseenyesterdaybuyingathird-classticketforthenewLondonandBirminghamRailway.Thestateofhismindisbeingenquiredinto.

Awriterintheearlydaysofrailwayswrotefeelinglyofbothsecond-andthird-classcarriages.Hemadethesuggestionthatthedirectorsoftherailwaysmusthavesentallovertheworldtofindthehardestpossiblewood.Oftheopenthird-classtruckshesaidthattheyhadthepeculiarpropertyofmeetingtherainfromwhateverquarteritcame.Hedescribedthemashorizontalshower-baths,fromwhosesearchingpowertherewasnoescape.

16.Allboysandgirlsinlargefamiliesknowthat.

A）aboyandagirlusuallyfightwhentheyaretogetherB）peopletendtobetogethermorethantheyusedtobeC）alotofpeoplebeingtogethermakesfightslikelyD）Railwayleadstheworldtopeace

17.Accordingtothosewhowelcomedtherailway,therailwayitselfshouldincludeallthefollowingexcept.

A）therailwayenablespeopletravelfastB）therailwaybringscomforttopeopleC）therailwaymakestheworldpeacefulD）therailwayleadstheworldtowaraswell.

18.Accordingtotheanti-railwaygroup,allthefollowingsaretruebut.

A）tunnelsaredangeroustopublichealthB）thenoiseandtheglareoftheenginefiremayaffectpeople'snervesC）therapidspeedthroughtheairdoesdamagetopeople'slungsD）tothosewithhighblood-pressure,therapidspeedofthetraincausesthemtodie

19.Wemaysafelyconcludethat.

A）theauthorbelongstotheanti-railwaygroupB）theauthorbelongstothefor-railwaygroupC）theauthorspeakshighlyoftherailwayD）theauthormaynevertaketrainbecauseofitspotentialdangers

20.Whatisthetoneofthispassage?

A）PracticalB）SatiricalC）HumorousD）ExaggeratedPassage5

In1960-1961,Chad（乍得）harvested9800tonsofcottonseedforthefirsttimeinitshistory,andputouttheflagalittletoosoon.Theeffortsoftheauthoritiestogetthepeasantsbacktowork,astheyhadslackedoff（松懈）agreatdealthepreviousyearduringindependencecelebrations,largelycontributedtoit.Also,rainswerewellspaced,andcontinuedthroughthewholemonthofOctober.Ifthe1961-1962totalisbacktotheregionof45000tons,itismostlybecauseeffortsslackenedagainandsowingwasstartedtoolate.

TheaveragedateofsowingisaboutJuly1st.Ifthisdateissimplymovedupfifteenortwentydays,30000to60000tonsofcottonaregained,dependingontheyear.ThepeasantinChadsowshismillet（小米）first,anditishardtocriticizethisinstinctiveprioritygiventohisdailybread.Anessentialreasonforhislatenesswithsowingcottonisthatatthetimewhenheshouldleavetopreparethefieldshehasjustbarelysoldthecottonofthepreviousseason.Theworkrequiredtosow,ingreatheat,ispsychologicallyfarmoredifficultifone'spocketsarefullofmoney.Thedateofcottonsalesshouldthereforebemovedforwardasmuchaspossible,andpurchasesofequipmentanddraughtanimalsencouraged.

Peasantsshouldalsobeencouragedtosavemoney,tohelpthemthroughthedifficultperiodbetweenharvests.Ifnecessarytheyshouldbeforcedtodoso,byhavingthepaymentsforcottongiventothemininstallments（分期付款）.Thelastpaymentwouldbemadeafterproofthatthepeasanthasplantedbeforethedeadline,thedatebeingadvancedtotheendofJune.Thosewhohavedonesowouldreceiveextramoneywhereasthelastplanterswouldnotreceivetheirlastpaymentuntillater.

Onlythefirststepsarehard,becauseonceworkhasstartedthepeasantscontinuewillinglyontheirway.Educationalcampaignsamongthepeasantswillplayanessentialroleinthisbasicadvance,earlysowing,onwhichalltheothersdepend.Itisnotamatterofcontrollingthepeasants.Eachpeasantwillremainmasterofhisfields.Onecould,however,suggesttheneedforthetimebeingofkindbutfirmrule,which,aslongasitcannotberealizedbythepeople,shouldatleastbeforthepeople.

21.In1960-1961,Chadhadagoodharvestofcottonbecause.

A）thegovernmentgreatlyencouragedpeasantsB）rainsfavoredthegrowthofcottonC）ChadgainedindependenceinthepreviousyearD）BothA）andB）

22.Welearnfromthepassagethatthedateofsowingcottonisusually.

A）onJune15thB）onJuly15thC）onJuly1stD）onJuly20th

23.Asusedinthethirdsentenceofthesecondparagraph,dailybreadrefersto.

A）breakfastB）breadandbutterC）riceD）millet

24.Inordertohelpthemthroughthedifficulttimebetweenharveststhepeasantshaveto.

A）sellcottoninadvanceB）beencouragedtosavemoneyC）sowcottonintimeD）plantmilletfirst

25.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?

A）Educationalcampaignsareveryimportanttoearlysowing.B）Ofalltheadvancesthatthewriterhopesfor,earlysowingisthemostimportant.C）Peasantsshouldremainthemastersoftheirfields.D）Governmentmightaswellmakegoodandfirmruleforpeasants.Passage6

Wecanmakemistakesatanyage.Somemistakeswemakeareaboutmoney.Butmostmistakesareaboutpeople.DidJerryreallycarewhenIbrokeupwithHelen?WhenIgotthatgreatjob,didJimreallyfeelgoodaboutit,asafriend?Ordidheenvymyluck?AndPaul-whydidn'tpickupthathewasfriendlyjustbecauseIhadacar?Whenwelookback,doubtslikethesecanmakeusfeelbad.Butwhenwelookback,it'stoolate.

Whydowegowrongaboutourfriends-orourenemies?Sometimeswhatpeoplesayhidestheirrealmeaning.Andifwedon'treallylistenwemissthefeelingbehindthewords.Supposesomeonetellsyou,You'realuckydog.That'sbeingfriendly.Butluckydog?There'sabitofenvyinthosewords.Maybehedoesn'tseeithimself.Butbringinginthedogbitputsyoudownalittle.Whathemaybesayingisthatthedoesn'tthinkyoudeserveyourluck.

Justthinkofallthethingsyouhavetobethankfulforisanothernoisethatsaysonethingandmeansanother.Itcouldmeanthatthespeakeristryingtogetyoutoseeyourproblemaspartofyourlifeasawhole.Butishe?Wrappedupinthisphraseisthethoughtthatyourproblemisn'timportant.It'stellingyoutothinkofallthestarvingpeopleintheworldwhenyouhaven'tgotadateforSaturdaynight.

Howcanyoutelltherealmeaningbehindsomeone'swords?Onewayistotakeagoodlookatthepersontalking.Dohiswordsfitthewayhelooks?Doeswhathesaysagreewiththetoneofvoice?Hisposture（姿態(tài)）?Thelookinhiseyes?Stopandthink.Theminuteyouspendthinkingabouttherealmeaningofwhatpeopletoyoumaysaveanothermistake.

26.Thispassageismainlyabout.

A）howtointerpretwhatpeoplesayB）whattodowhenyoulistentootherstalkingC）howtoavoidmistakeswhenyoucommunicatewithpeopleD）Whywegowrongwithpeoplesometimes

27.Accordingtotheauthor,thereasonwhywegowrongaboutourfriendsisthat.

A）WefailtolistencarefullywhentheytalkB）PeopletendtobeannoyedwhenwecheckwhattheysayC）PeopleusuallystateonethingbutmeansanotherD）Wetendtodoubtwhatourfriendssay

28.InthesentenceMaybehedoesn'tseeithimself.inthesecondparagraph,thepronounitrefersto.A）beingfriendlyC）luckydogB）abitofenvyD）yourluck

29.Whenwelistentoapersontalking,themostimportantthingforustodois.

A）noticethewaythepersonistalkingB）takeagoodlookatthepersontalkingC）mindhistone,hispostureandthelookinhiseyesD）examinetherealmeaningofwhathesaysbasedonhismanner,histoneandhisposture

30.Theauthormostprobablyisa.

A）teacherC）philosopherB）psychologistD）doctorPassage7

Amoment'sdrillingbythedentistmaymakeusnervousandupset.Manyofuscannotstandpain.Toavoidthepainofadrillingthatmaylastperhapsaminuteortwo,wedemandtheneedle-ashotofnovocaine（奴佛卡因）-thatdeadensthenervesaroundthetooth.

Nowit'struethatthehumanbodyhasdevelopeditsmillionsofnervestobehighlyawareofwhatgoesonbothinsideandoutsideofit.Thishelpsusadjusttotheworld.Withoutournerves-andourbrain,whichisabundleofnerves-wewouldn'tknowwhat'shappening.Butwepayforoursensitivity.Wecanfeelpainwhentheslightestthingiswrongwithanypartofourbody.Thehistoryoftortureisbasedonthehumanbodybeingopentopain.

Butthereisawaytohandlepain.LookattheIndianfakir（行僧）whositsonabedofnails.Fakirscanputaneedlerightthroughanarm,andfeelnopain.Thisabilitythatsomehumanshavedevelopedtohandlepainshouldgiveusideasabouthowthemindcandealwithpain.

Thebigthinginwithstandingpainisourattitudetowardit.Ifthedentistsays,Thiswillhurtalittle,ithelpsustoacceptthepain.Bystayingrelaxed,andbytreatingthepainasaninterestingsensation（感覺(jué)）,wecanhandlethepainwithoutfallingapart.Afterall,althoughpainisanunpleasantsensation,itisstillasensation,andsensationsarethestuffoflife.

31.Thepassageismainlyabout.

A）howtosufferpainB）howtoavoidpainC）howtohandlepainD）howtostoppain

32.ThesentenceButwepayforoursensitivity.inthesecondparagraphimpliesthat.

A）weshouldpayadebtforourfeelingB）wehavetobehurtwhenwefeelsomethingC）ourpainisworthfeelingD）whenwefeelpain,wearesufferingit

33.WhentheauthormentionstheIndianfakir,hesuggeststhat.

A）IndiansarenotatallafraidofpainB）peoplemaybesenselessofpainC）somepeopleareabletohandlepainD）fakirshavemagictoputneedlesrightthroughtheirarms

34.themostimportantthingtohandlepainis.

A）howwelookatpainB）tofeelpainasmuchaspossibleC）toshowaninterestinpainD）toacceptthepainreluctantly

35.Theauthor'sattitudetowardspainis.

A）pessimisticB）optimisticC）radical（極端的）D）practicalPassage8

Thirty-twopeoplewatchedkittyGenovesebeingkilledrightbeneaththeirwindows.Shewastheirneighbor.Yetnoneofthe32helpedher.Notoneevencalledthepolice.Wasthisingunmancruelty?Wasitlackoffeelingaboutone'sfellowman?

Notso,sayscientistsJohnBarleyandBibFatane.Thesemenwentbeyondtheheadlinestoprobethereasonswhypeopledidn'tact.Theyfoundthatapersonhastogothroughtwostepsbeforehecanhelp.Firsthehastonoticethatisanemergency.

Supposeyouseeamiddle-agedmanfalltotheside-walk.Ishehavingaheartattack?Isheinacoma（昏迷）fromdiabetes（糖尿病）?Orisheabouttosleepoffadrunk?

Isthesmokecomingintotheroomfromaleakintheairconditioning?Isitsteampipes?Orisitreallysmokefromafire?It'snotalwayseasytotellifyouarefacedwitharealemergency.

Second,andmoreimportant,thepersonfacedwithanemergencymustfeelpersonallyresponsible.Hemustfeelthathemusthelp,orthepersonwon'tgetthehelpheneeds.

Theresearchersfoundthatalotdependsonhowmanypeoplearearound.Theyhadcollegestudentsintobetested.Somecamealone.Somecamewithoneortwoothers.Andsomecameinlargegroups.Thereceptioniststartedthemoffonthetests.Thenshewentintothenextroom.Acurtaindividedthetestingroomandtheroomintowhichshewent.Soonthestudentsheardascream,thenoiseoffilecabinetsfallingandacryforhelp.Allofthishadbeenpre-recordedonatape-recorder.

Eightoutoftenofthestudentstakingthetestaloneactedtohelp.Ofthestudentsinpairs,onlytwooutoftenhelped.Ofthestudentsingroups,nonehelped.

Inotherwords,inagroup,Americansoftenfailtoact.Theyfeelthatotherswillact.They,themselves,needn't.Theydonotfeelanydirectresponsibility.

Arepeoplebotheredbysituationswherepeopleareintrouble?Yes.Scientistsfoundthatthepeoplewereemotional,theysweated,theyhadtremblinghands.Theyfelttheotherperson'strouble.Buttheydidnotact.Theywereinagroup.Theiractionswereshapedbytheactionsofthosetheywerewith.

36.Thepurposeofthispassageis.

A）toexplainwhypeoplefailtoactinemergenciesB）toexplainwhenpeoplewilactinemergenciesC）toexplainwhatpeoplewilldoinemergenciesD）toexplainhowpeoplefeelinemergencies

37.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?

A）Whenapersontriestohelpothers,hemustbeclearthatthereisarealemergency.B）Whenapersontriestohelpothers,heshouldknowwhetherheyareworthhishelp.C）Apersonmusttakethefullresponsibilityforthesafetyofthoseinemergenciesifhewantstohelp.D）Apersonwithaheartattackneedsthemost.

38.Theresearchershaveconductedanexperimenttoprovethatpeoplewillactinemergencieswhen.

A）theyareinpairsB）theyareingroupsC）theyarealoneD）theyarewiththeirfriends

39.Themainreasonwhypeoplefailtoactwhentheystaytogetheristhat.

A）theyareafraidofemergenciesB）theyarereluctanttogetthemselvesinvolvedC）otherswillactiftheythemselveshesitateD）theydonothaveanydirectresponsibilityforthosewhoneedhelp

40.Theauthorsuggeststhat.

A）weshouldn'tblameapersonifhefailstoactinemergenciesB）apersonmustfeelguiltyifhefailstohelpC）peopleshouldberesponsibleforthemselvesinemergenciesD）whenyouareintrouble,peoplewillhelpyouanywayPassage9

Peopledonotanalyzeeveryproblemtheymeet.Sometimestheytrytorememberasolutionfromthelasttimetheyhadasimilarproblem.Theyoftenaccepttheopinionsorideasofotherpeople.Othertimestheybegintoactwithoutthinking;theytrytofindasolutionbytrialanderror.However,whenallthesemethodsfail,thepersonwithaproblemhastostartanalyzing.Therearesixstagesinanalyzingaproblem.

Firstthepersonmustr