專業(yè)英語八級（閱讀）模擬試卷24（共

9套）

（共193題）

專業(yè)英語八級（閱讀）模擬試卷第1套

一、選擇題（本題共15題，每題1.0分，共分。）

PASSAGEONE（1）ThesocialorganizationofEgyptwasdistinguishedbyasurprising

degreeoffluidity.Noinflexiblecastesystemeverdeveloped.Allmenwereequalinthe

sightofthelaw.Althoughdegreesofeconomicinequalitynaturallyexisted,noman's

statuswasunalterablyfixed,unlesshewasamemberoftheroyalfamily.Evenserfs

appeartohavebeencapableofrisingabovetheirhumblecondition.Freemenquite

regularlymadethetransitionfromonesocialordertoanother.（2）Duringthegreaterpart

ofthehistoryofEgyptthepopulationwasdividedintofiveclasses:theroyalfamily;the

priests;thenobles;themiddleclassofscribes,merchants,artisans,andfarmers;andthe

serfs.DuringtheEmpireasixthclass,theprofessionalsoldiers,wasadded,ranking

immediatelybelowthenobles.Thousandsofslaveswerecapturedinthisperiodalso,and

theseformedforatimeaseventhclass.Thepositionofthevariousranksofthesociety

shiftedfromtimetotime.Intheoldkingdomthenoblesandpriestsamongallofthe

Pharaoh'ssubjectsheldthesupremacy.DuringtheMiddleKingdomtheclassesof

commonerscameintotheirown.Scribes,merchants,artisans,andserfsrebelledagainst

thenoblesandwrestedconcessionsfromthegovernment.Particularlyimpressiveisihe

dominantroleplayedby（hemerchantsandindustrialistsinthisperiod.Theestablishment

oftheEmpireaccompanied,asitwasbytheextensionofgovernmentfunctions,resulted

intheascendancyofnewnobility,madeupprimarilyofbureaucrats.Thepriestsalso

waxedinpowerwiththegrowthofmagicandsuperstition.（3）Thegulfthatseparatedthe

standardsoflivingoftheupperandlowerclassesofEgyptwasperhapsevenwiderthan

itistodayinEuropeandAmerica.Thewealthynoblelivedinsplendidvillasthatopened

intofragrantgardensandshadygroves.Theirfoodhadalltherichnessandvarietyof

sundrykindsofmeat,poultry,cakes,fruit,wine,beer,andsweets.Theyarefrontvessels

ofalabaster,gold,andsilver,andadornedtheirpersonswithexpensivefabricsandcostly

jewels.Bycontrast,thelifeofthepoorwaswretchedindeed.Thelaborsinthetowns

inhabitedcongestedslumscomposedofmud-brickhovelswithroofsofthatch.Their

onlyfurnishingswerestoolsandboxesandafewcrudepotteryjars.Thepeasantsonthe

greatestatesenjoyedalesscrowdedbutnomoreabundantlife.（4）Thcbasicsocialunit

amongtheEgyptianswasthemonogamousfamily.Noman,noteventhePharaoh,could

havemorethanonelawfulwife.Concubinage,however,wasasociallyreputable

institution.Womenoccupiedanunusuallyenviablestatus.Wiveswerenotsecluded,and

thereisnorecordofanydivorce.Womencouldownandinheritpropertyandengagein

business.AlmostalongamongOrientalpeoplestheEgyptianspermittedwomento

succeedtothethrone.Anotherextraordinarysocialpracticewascloseinbreeding.The

rulerassonofthegreatsungodwasrequiredtomarryhissisterorsomeotherfemaleof

hisimmediatefamilylestthedivinebloodbecontaminated.Thereisevidencethatmany

ofhissubjectsfollowedtheidenticalcustom.Asyet,historianshavebeenunableto

discoveranypositivetracesofracialdegenerationproducesbythispractice,probablyfor

thereasonthattheEgyptianstockwasgeneticallysoundtobeginwith.(5)Thc

educationalsystemofthisancientpeoplewasaboutwhatonewouldexpectinahighly

integratedsociety.Attachedtothetreasurywereanumberofpublicschoolsequippedfor

thetrainingofthethousandsofscribeswhoseservicev/erenecessaryinthekeepingof

recordsandaccountsandintheadministrationofgovernmentfunctions.Manyofthem

werealsoemployedinaprivatecapacitybytheownersofthelandedestatesandbythe

leadersofthebusinessworld.Admissiontotheseschoolswasopentoanypromising

youthregardlessofclass.Apparentlyinstructionwasprovidedfreeofchargebythe

governmentbecauseofthevitalneedfortrainedmen.Nonebutthoroughlyutilitarian

subjectshadanyplaceinthecurriculum;thepurposewasnoteducationinthebroader

sense,butpracticaltraining.Inspiteoftheirlimitations,theseschoolsdidprovideforthe

poorbuttalentedyouthanavenueofescapefromalifeofhopelessdrudgery.

1、WecaninferfromthefirstparagraphallthefollowingEXCEPT.

A、Egyptenjoyedflexiblesocialsystem

B、everymanenjoyedthesamesocialstatus

C、mancouldchangefromonesocialordertoanother

D、aflexiblecastesystemwasdeveloped

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B

知識點(diǎn)解析：第1段提到，人們只有在法律面前才平等，而并非都享有同等社會地

位，故選B。A“埃及社會體制自由”、C“人們可以從一個社會階層變換到另一個社

會階層”和D”發(fā)展了自由的社會等級制度”均在本段中有體現(xiàn)，故排除。

2、CloseinbreedingwaspopularinEgyptduringtheancienttimebecause.

A^theywantedtomaintaintheirblood'spurity

B、therewasnootheridealchoices

C、nobodyknewthereasonsbynow

D、itwasalawduringthattime

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A-

知識點(diǎn)解析：第4段講述埃及實(shí)行一夫一妻制，他們也實(shí)行近親結(jié)婚，以保證血統(tǒng)

純正，故A符合題意。A中的maintaintheirblood'spurity是文中的lestthedivine

bloodbecontaminated的同義替換。

3、Whatisthebesttitleofthisarticle?

A^AncientEgypt'sEducationalSystem.

B、SocialLifeinAncientEgypt.

C、SocialSysteminAncientEgypt.

D^AncientEgypt'sClassesSystem.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B

知識點(diǎn)解析：文章從古埃及的社會階層、各社會等級問的財(cái)富差距、社會基本組成

結(jié)構(gòu)、教育制度等方面介紹了古埃及的社會生活的方方面面，很容易得出“古埃及

的社會生活”這一答案，即B°A”古埃及的教育制度”是第5段的段意，C”古埃及

社會制度''是第1段的段意，D“古埃及的等級制度”是第2段的段意，都是片面的理

解。

PASSAGETWO(l)Howiscommunicationactuallyachieved?Itdepends,ofcourse,

eitheronacommonlanguageoronknownconventions,oratleastonthebeginningsof

these.Ifthecommonlanguageandtheconventionsexist,thecontributor,forexample,

thecreativeartist,theperformer,orthereporter,triestousethemaswellashecan.Bui

often,especiallywithoriginalartistsandthinkers,theproblemisinonewaythatof

creatingalanguage,orcreatingaconvention,oratleastofdevelopingthelanguageand

conventionstothepointwheretheyarecapableofbearinghisprecisemeaning.In

literature,inmusic,inthevisualarts,inthesciences,insocialthinking,inphilosophy,

thiskindofdevelopmenthasoccurredagainandagain.Itoftentakesalongtimetoget

through,andfbrmanypeopleitwillremaindifficult.Butweneedneverthinkthatitis

impossible;creativeenergyismuchmorepowerfulthanwesometimessuppose.Whilea

manisengagedinthisstruggletosaynewthingsinnewways,heisusuallymorethan

everconcentratedontheactualwork,andnotonitspossibleaudience.Manyartistsand

scientistssharethisfundamentalunconcernaboutthewaysinwhichtheirworkwillbe

received.Theymaybegladifitisunderstoodandappreciated,hurtifitisnot,butwhile

theworkisbeingdonetherecanbenoargument.Thethinghastocomeoutastheman

himselfseesit.(2)Inthissenseitistruethatitisthedutyofsocietytocreateconditions

inwhichsuchmencanlive.Forwhateverthevalueofanyindividualcontribution,the

generalbodyofworkisofimmensevaluetoeveryone.Butofcoursethingsarenotso

formal,inreality.Thereisnotsocietyontheonehandandtheseindividualsontheother.

Inordinaryliving,andinhiswork,thecontributorsharesinthelifeofhissociety,which

oftenaffectshimbothinminorwaysandinwayssometimessodeepthatheisnoteven

awareofthem.Hisabilitytomakehisworkpublicdependsontheactualcommunication

system:thelanguageitself,orcertainvisualormusicalorscientificconventions,andthe

institutionsthroughwhichthecommunicationwillbepassed.Theeffectoftheseonhis

actualworkcanbealmostinfinitelyvariable.Foritisnotonlyacommunicationsystem

outsidehim;itisalso,howeveroriginalhemaybe,acommunicationsystemwhichisin

factpartofhimself.Manycontributorsmakeactiveuseofthiskindofinternal

communicationsystem.Itistothemselves,inaway,thattheyfirstshowtheir

conceptions,playtheirmusic,presenttheirarguments.Notonlyasawayofgettingthese

clear,intheprocessofalmostendlesstestingthatactivecompositioninvolves.Butalso,

whetherconsciouslyornot,asawayofputtingtheexperienceintoacommunicable

form.Ifonemindhasgraspedit,thenitmaybeopentootherminds.(3)Inthisdeep

sense,thesocietyisinsomewaysalreadypresentintheactofcomposition.Thisis

alwaysverydifficulttounderstand,butoften,whenwehavetheadvantageoflooking

backataperiod,wecansee,evenifwecannotexplain,howthiswasso.Wecanseehow

muchevenhighlyoriginalindividualshadincommon,intheiractualwork,andinwhat

iscalledtheir"structureoffeeling",withotherindividualworkersofthetime,andwith

thesocietyofthattimetowhichtheybelonged.Thehistorianisalsocontinuallystruck

bythefactthatmenofthiskindfeltisolatedattheverytimewheninrealitytheywere

beginningtogetthrough.Thiscanalsobenoticedinourowntime,whensomeofthe

mostdeeplyinfluentialmenfeelisolatedandevenrejected.Thesocietyandthe

communicationarethere,butitisdifficulttorecognizethem,difficulttobesure.

4、Creativeartistsandthinkersachievecommunicationby.

A、dependingonsharedconventions

B、fashioningtheirownconventions

C、adjustingtheirpersonalfeelings

D、elaboratingacommonlanguage

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B」「

知識點(diǎn)解析：第1段第4句說，對于具有原創(chuàng)思想的(creative即original之義)藝術(shù)

家和思想家，問題在于如何去創(chuàng)造一種自己的語言、慣例……來準(zhǔn)確表達(dá)自己的意

So故B“形成自己的慣例”正確。

5、Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingstatementsisINCORRECT?

A、Individualcontributionscombinedpossessgreatsignificancetothepublic.

B、Goodcontributorsdon'tneglecttheuseofinternalcommunicationsystem.

C、Everyoneexceptthoseoriginalpeoplecomesundertheinfluenceofsociety.

D、Knowinghowtocommunicateisuniversalamonghumanbeings.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C

知識點(diǎn)解析：第3段首句說，早在作品的創(chuàng)作過程中，社會就已參與其中。第3句

又說，即使最具有創(chuàng)新力的人也與同時代其他人以及那個時代的社會有許多共同之

處。由此可判斷C”這些具有原創(chuàng)精神的人不受社會影響”這種說法錯誤，是答案。

6、Whichofthefollowingbestsummarizesthemainideaofthepassage?

A^Communicationdependsonacommonlanguageorknownconventions.

B>Originaluoiilribulorsneedurcalcnewuoiivuiilionstouoiiiniuniualc(heirprecise

meanings.

C、Thesocietyneedcreateconditionsfororiginalcontributorstolivein.

D^Newwaysofcommunicationbycreativecontributorsoriginatefromthesociety.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D

知識點(diǎn)解析：本文主要講創(chuàng)新者的創(chuàng)作與社會(及現(xiàn)有交際手段)之間的關(guān)系，與之

相應(yīng)的是D。

PASSAGETHREE(1)1wasjustaboywhenmyfatherbroughtmetoHarlemforthefirst

time,almost50yearsago.WestayedattheHotelTheresa,agrandbrickstructureat

12.SthStreetandSeventhAvenue.Once,inthehotelrestaurant,myfatherpointedout

JoeLouis.HeevengotMr.Brown,thehotelmanager,tointroducemetohim,abit

paunchybutstillthechampasfarasIwasconcerned.(2)Muchhaschangedsincethen.

Businessandrealestatearebooming.Somesayanewrenaissanceisunderway.Others

decrywhattheyseeasoutsideforcesrunningroughshodovertheoldHarlem.(3)New

YorkmeantHarlemtome,andasayoungmanIvisiteditwheneverIcould.Butmanyof

myoldhauntsaregone.TheTheresashutdownin1966.Nationalchainsthatonce

ignoredHarlemnowanticipateyuppiemoneyandwan:piecesofthisprimeManhattan

realestate.SohereIamonahotAugustafternoon,sittinginaStarbucksthattwoyears

agoopenedablockawayfromtheTheresa,snatchingatmemoriesbetweensipsofhigh-

pricedcoffee.IamabouttoopenupapieceoftheoldHarlem-theNewYork

AmsterdamNews—whenatouristaskingdirectionstoSylvia's,aprominentHarlem

restaurant,penetratesmydaydreaming.He'scarryingabook:TouringHistoricHarlem.

(4)History.ImissMr.Michaux'sbookstore,hisHouseofCommonSense,whichwas

acrossfromtheTheresa.Hehadabigbillboardoutfrontwithbrownandblackfaces

paintedonitthatsaidinlargeletters:"WorldHistoryBookOutleton2,000,000,000

AfricansandNonwhitePeople."Anuglystateofficebuildinghasswallowedthatspace.

(5)1missspeakerlikeCarlosCooks,whowasalwaysonthesouthwestcornerof125th

andSeventh,urginglistenerstosupportAfrica.Harlem'spowerfulpoliticalelectricity

seemsunplugged-althoughthestreetsarestillenergized,especiallybyWestAfrican

immigrants.(6)Hardworkingsouthernnewcomersformedthebulkofthecommunity

backintheL920'8and1930's,whenHarlemrenaissanceartists,writers,andintellectuals

gaveitaglitterandrenownthatmadeitthecapitalofblackAmerica.FromHarlem.W.

E.B.DuBois,LangstonHughes,PaulRobeson,ZoraNealHurston,andothershelped

powerAmerica'sculturalinfluencearoundtheworld.(7)Bythe1970sand'80sdrugsand

crimehadravagedpartsofthecommunity.AndthelifeexpectancyformeninHarlem

waslessthanthatofmeninBangladesh.Harlemhadbecomeasymbolofthedangersof

inner-citylife.(8)Now,youwanttoshout"Lookin'good!Hatthisplacethathasbeen

neglectedforsolong.CrowdspushintoHarlemUSA,anewshoppingcentreon125th,

whereaDisneystoresharesspacewithHMVRecords,theNewYorkSportsClub,anda

nine-screenMagicJohnsontheatrecomplex.Nearby,aRiteAiddrugstorealsoopened.

MaybepartofthereasonHarlemseemstobeundergoingarebirthisthatitisfinally

gettingwhatmostpeopletakeforgranted.(9)Harlemisalsopartofan^empowerment

zone"一afederaldesignationaimedatfosteringeconomicgrowththatwillbringover

halfabillioninfederal,state,andlocaldollars.Justtheshellsofonceelegantold

brownstonesnowcancostseveralhundredthousanddollars.Rentsareskyrocketing.An

improvedeconomy,tougherlawenforcement,anticommunityeffortsagainstdrugshave

contributedtoa60percentdropincrimesince1993.

7、AtthebeginningtheauthorseemstoindicatethatHarlem.

ANhasremainedunchangedalltheseyears

B、hasundergonedrasticchanges

C^hasbecomethecapitalofBlackAmerica

D、hasremainedasymbolofdangersofinncr-citylife

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B

知識點(diǎn)解析：文章第1段回憶了作者小時候在Harlem的情景，第2段開頭即稱：

“在那之后，可謂時過境遷。”可見在四個選項(xiàng)中，只有B“已經(jīng)發(fā)生了巨大的變化”

正確。

8、Fromthepassagewecaninferthat,generallyspeaking,theauthor.

A^hasstrongreservationsaboutthechanges

B>hasslightreservationsaboutthechanges

C、welcomesthechangesinHarlem

D^iscompletelyopposedtothechanges

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：c-

知識點(diǎn)解析：雖然文章的前半部分表達(dá)了作者對兒時的哈萊姆的懷念，并且提到七

八十年代這里毒品泛濫、犯罪猖獗，但是最后還談到了從1993年以來犯罪降低了

60%o所以作者對這一地區(qū)的變化是持肯定態(tài)度的，應(yīng)該選擇C。

9、WhichofthefollowingistrueaboutHarlemtoday?

A、Thelifeexpectancyformenthereislessthanotherpartsofthecountry.

B>GreatblackAmericansinHarlemmakeitthecapitalofblackAmerica.

C、DrugsandcrimeareabigproblemnowinHarlem.

D^HousesareveryexpensiveinHarlembecauseofitsgrowingeconomy.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D」^

知識點(diǎn)解析：最后一段第2句說，如今就連優(yōu)雅的老式赤褐色砂石建筑框架也值幾

十萬美元，其含義是說現(xiàn)在房價、不動產(chǎn)很昂貴。故D正確。

PASSAGEFOUR(1)OscarWildesaidthatworkistherefugeofpeoplewhohave

nothingbettertodo.Ifso,Americansarenowamongtheworld'ssaddestrefugees.

FactoryworkersintheUnitedStatesarcworkinglongerhoursthanatanytimeinthepast

half-century.Americaonceledtherichworldincuttingtheaverageworkingweek—

from70hoursin1850tolessthan10hoursbythe1950s.Itseemednaturalthataspeople

grewrichertheywouldtradeextraearningsformoreleisure.Sincethe1970s,however,

thehours,clockedupbyAmericanworkershaverisen,toanaverageof42thisyearin

manufacturing.(2)Severalstudiessuggestthatsomethingsimilarishappeningoutside

manufacturing:Americansarespendingmoretimeatworkthantheydid20yearsago.

Executivesandlawyersboastof80-hourweeks.Onholiday,theyseekoutfaxmachines

andphonesaseagerlyasGermansbagthebestsun-loungers.YetworkingtimeinEurope

andJapancontinuestofa'LInGermany'sengineeringindustrytheworkingweekistobe

trimmedfrom36to35hoursnextyear.MostGermansgetsixweeks1paidannual

holiday;eventheJapanesenowtakethreeweeks.Americansstillmakedowithjusttwo.

(3)Germanyrespondstothiscontrastwithitsusualconcernaboutwhetherpeople's

aversiontoworkisdamagingitscompetitiveness.YetGermanworkers,likethe

Japanese,seemtobeactingsensibly:astheirincomesrise,theycanachieveabetter

standardoflivingwithfewerhoursofwork.ThepuzzleiswhyAmerica,theworld's

richestcountry,seesthingsdifferently.Itisapuzzlewithsinistersocialimplications.

Parentsspendlesstimewiththeirchildren,whomaybeleftaloneathomeforlonger.Is

itjustacoincidencethatjuvenilecrimeisontherise?(4)Someexplanationsfor

America'stimeatworkfailtostanduptoscrutiny.Oneblamesweaktradeunionsthat

leaveworkersopentoexploitation.Areworkersbeingforcedbycost-cuttingfirmstotoil

harderjusttokeeptheirjobs?ArecentstudybytwoAmericaneconomists,Richard

FreemanandLindaBelksuggestsnot:whenasked,Americansactuallywanttowork

longerhours.MostGermanworkers,incontrast,wouldratherworkless.(5)Thcn,why

doAmericanswanttoworkharder?Onereasonmaybethattherealearningsofmany

Americanshavebeenstagnantorfallingduringthepasttwodecades.Peopleworklonger

merelytomaintaintheirlivingstandards.Yetmanyhigher-skilledworkers,whohave

enjoyedbigincreasesintheirrealpay,havebeenworkinghardertoo.Also,onereason

fortheslowgrowthofwageshasbeentherapidgrowthinemployment—whichismore

orlesswheretheargumentbegan.(6)Taxesmayhavesomethingtodowithit.People

whoworkanextrahourinAmericaareallowedtokeepmoreoftheirmoneythanthose

whodothesameinGermany.FallsinmarginaltaxratesinAmericasincethe1970shave

madeitallthemoreprofitabletoworklonger.(7)Noneoftheseanswersreallyexplains

whythecentury-longdeclineinworkinghourshasgoneintoreverseinAmericabutnot

elsewhere(thoughBritainshowssignsoffollowingAmerica'slead).Perhapscultural

differences—thelastrefugeofthedefeatedeconomist—areatplay.Economistsusedto

believethatonceworkersearnedenoughtoprovidefortheirbasicneedsandallowfbra

fewluxuries,theirincentivetoworkwouldbeeroded,likelionsrelaxingafterakill.But

humansaremoresusceptibletoadvertisingthanlions.Perhapsclevermarketinghas

ensuredthat"basicneeds',—forashowerwithbuilt-inTV,forarocket-propelledcar一

expandcontinuously.ShoppingisalreadyoneofAmerica'smostpopularpastimes.Butit

requiresmoney-hencemoreworkandlessleisure.{8)Ortrythis:thetelevisionisnot

verygood,andbaseballandhockeykeepbeingwipedoutbystrikes.PerhapsWildewas

right.MaybeAmericanshavenothingbettertodo.

10、IntheUnitedStates,workinglongerhoursis.

ANconfinedtothemanufacturingindustry

B、atraditionalpracticeinsomesectors

C^prevalentinallsectorsofsociety

D、favouredbytheeconomists

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：c

知識點(diǎn)露析：文章第1段最后一句說，美國人勞動時間延長；第2段開頭即說，這

一情況不局限于制造業(yè)，其他行業(yè)也一樣。可見，美國各行業(yè)都出現(xiàn)了丁作時間延

長的現(xiàn)象。C”在社會各部門都很普遍”正確。

11、Accordingtothethirdparagraph,whichmightbeoneoftheconsequencesof

workinglongerhours?

A、Riseinemployees5workingefficiency.

B、Riseinthenumberofyoungoffenders.

C、Riseinpeople'slivingstandards.

D、Riseincompetitiveness.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B

知識點(diǎn)解析?：文章第3段說，工作時間延長有不良的社會影響，即父母與孩子相處

時間減少，從而導(dǎo)致青少年罪犯數(shù)量上升，故答案為B。

12>WhichofthefollowingistrueaboutAmericanworkersaccordingtothepassage?

A^Theyaremorediligentthanthosefromotherdevelopedcountries.

B、Theyearnmorethanthosefromotherdevelopedcountries.

C、Theyprefertospendmoretimewiththeirchildrenbutareforcedtoworklonghours.

D、TaxpoliciesmakeitprofitablefbrAmericanworkerstoworkextratime.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D

知識點(diǎn)解析：第6段說，自20世紀(jì)70年代以來美國降低了邊際稅率，美國工人加

班的話就更加合算了。D與此一致，是答案。

PASSAGEFIVE(1)ThebiggestproblemfacingChileasitpromotesitselfasatourist

destinationtobereckonedwith,isthatitisattheendoftheearth.Itistoofarsouthtobe

aconvenientstoponthewaytoanywhereelseandismuchfartherthanarelativelycheap

half-day'sflightawayfromthebigtouristmarkets,unlikeMexico,forexample.(2)Chilc,

therefore,ishavingtofighthardtoattracttourists,toconvincetravellersthatitisworth

cominghalfwayroundtheworldtovisit.Butitissucceeding,notonlyinexisting

marketsliketheUSAandWesternEuropebutinnewterritories,inparticulartheFar

East.Marketsclosertohome,however,arenotbeingforgotten.Morethat50%ofvisitors

toChilestillcomefromitsnearestneighbour,Argentina,wherethecostoflivingismuch

higher.(3)LikeallSouthAmericancountries,Chileseestourismasavaluableearnerof

foreigncurrency,althoughithasbeenfarmoreseriousthanmostinpromotingitsimage

abroad.Relativelystablepoliticallywithintheregion,ithasbenefitedfromtheproblems

sufferedinotherareas.InPeru,guerrillawarfareinrecentyearshasdealtaheavyblowto

thetouristindustryandfearofstreetcrimeinBrazilhasreducedtheattractionofRiode

Janeiroasadreamdestinationforforeigners.(4)Morethan150,000peoplearedirectly

involvedinChile'stouristsector,anindustrywhichearnsthecountrymorethanUS$950

millioneachyear.Thestate-runNationalTourismService,inpartnershipwithanumber

ofprivatecompanies,iscurrentlyrunningaworld-widecampaign,takingpartintrade

fairsandinternationaleventstoattractvisitorstoChile.(5)Chile*sgreatstrengthasa

touristdestinationisitsgeographicaldiversity.FromtheparchedAtacamaDesertinthe

northtotheAntarcticsnowfieldsofthesouth,itismorethan5,000kmlong.Withthe

PacificononesideandtheAndeanmountainsontheother,Chileboastsnatural

attractions.ItsbeachesarenotuptoCaribbeanstandardsbutresortssuchasVinadelMar

aregenerallycleanandunspoiltandhaveahighstandardofservices.(6)Butthetrump

cardistheAndesmountainrange.Thereareanumberofexcellentskiresortswithinone

hour'sdriveofthecapital,Santiago,andthenationalparksinthesoutharchometorare

animalandplantspecies.Theparksalreadyattractspecialistvisitors,including

mountaineers,whocometoclimbthetechnicallydifficultpeaks,andfishermen,luredby

thesalmonandtroutintheregion'srivers.(7)However.infrastructuraldevelopmentin

theseareasislimited.TheskiresortsdonothaveasmanyliftsastheirEuropean

counterpartsandthepoorqualityofroadsinthesouthmeansthatonlythemost

determinedtravellersseethebestofthenationalparks.(8)AirlinksbetweenChileand

therestoftheworldare,atpresent,relativelypoor.WhileChile'stwolargestairlines

haveextensivenetworkswithinSouthAmerica,theyoperateonlyasmallnumberof

routestotheUnitedStatesandEurope,whileservicestoAsiaarealmostnon-existent.

(9)lnternaltransportlinksarebeingimprovedandluxuryhotelsarebeingbuiltinoneof

itsnationalparks.NorisdevelopmentbeingrestrictedtotheAndes.EasterIslandand

Chile'sAntarcticTerritoryarealsoonthelistofareaswheretheGovernmentbelievesit

cancreatetouristmarkets.(10)Buttherushtoopenhithertoinaccessibleareastomass

tourismisnotbeingwelcomedbyeveryone.Indigenousandenvironmentalgroups,

includingGrccnpcacc,saythatmanypartsoftheAndeswillsufferiftheybecomeover-

developed.ThereisagenuinefearthatareasofChilewillsuffertheculturaldestruction

witnessedinMexicoandEuropeanresorts.(11)ThepolicyofopeningupAntarcticato

tourismisalsopoliticallysensitive.Chilealreadyhaspermanentsettlementsontheice

andmanypeoplesecthedecisiontoallowtouriststhereasapoliticalmove,enhancing

Santiago'sterritorialclaimoverpartofAntarctica.（12）TheChileanGovernmenthas

promisedtorespecttheenvironmentasitseekstobringtourismtotheseareas.Butthere

areimmensecommercialpressurestoexploitthecountry'stourismpotential.The

Governmentwillhavetomonitordevelopmentscloselyifitisgenuinelyconcernedin

creatingabalanced,controlledindustryandifthepriceofanincreasinglylucrative

touristmarketisnotgoingtomeanthelossofmanyofChile'snaturalriches.

13、Chileisdisadvantagedinthepromotionofitstourismby.

geographicallocation

B、guerrillawarfare

C、politicalinstability

D^streetcrime

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A

知識點(diǎn)解析：第1段首句Thebiggestproblem...isthatitisattheendoftheearth說

明，智利在旅游業(yè)開發(fā)方面遇到的最大問題是它位于地球末端。顯然，地理位置是

智利旅游業(yè)發(fā)展的不利因素。因此，A（地理位置）正確。B（游擊戰(zhàn)）是第3段第3句

談到的內(nèi)容，但它發(fā)生在秘魯，而非智利。C（政治不穩(wěn)定）與第3段第2句中的該

地區(qū)政局相對穩(wěn)定不符。D（街頭犯罪）是有關(guān)巴西的情況。

14、ManyofChile'stouristsusedtocomefromEXCEPT.

A、U.S.A

B、theFarEast

C、WesternEurope

D、herneighbours

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B

知識點(diǎn)解析：根據(jù)第2段第2句和最后兩句說明A、C、D這三個地區(qū)是以前來智

利旅游的人的主要來源地，而遠(yuǎn)東則是新地區(qū)。故B正確。

15>TheobjectiontothedevelopmentofChile'stourismmightbeallEXCEPTthatit

A、isambitiousandunrealistic

ispoliticallysensitive

Cswillbringharmtoculture

D、willcausepollutioninthearea

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A

知識點(diǎn)解析：最后幾段談到了各種反對理由：倒數(shù)第3段第2句表明當(dāng)?shù)鼐用窈铜h(huán)

境保護(hù)人士都是反對過度開發(fā)智利旅游業(yè)的，因此D不合題意，應(yīng)排除。倒數(shù)第3

段末句可知，人們擔(dān)心旅游業(yè)開發(fā)會破壞當(dāng)?shù)匚幕逝懦鼵。B可在倒數(shù)第2段

首句中找到相關(guān)證據(jù)，也應(yīng)排除。文中并未提到發(fā)展旅游業(yè)是ambitiousand

unrealistic（野心勃勃和不現(xiàn)實(shí)的），故選A。

二、簡答題(本題共10題，每題1.0分，共10分。)

PASSAGEONE

16、InwhichpositionwerefannersrankedduringtheEmpire?

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：Thefifth.

知識點(diǎn)解析：在Empire時期，新的排序?yàn)椋夯首濉⒛翈煛①F族、十兵、中產(chǎn)階級

(包括農(nóng)民)、農(nóng)奴。所以，fanner排在第五位，答案為Thefifth。

17、WhatLstheroleofthesecondparagraphinthedevelopmentofthetopic?

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：Tooffersupportingevidencetotheprecedingparagraph.

知識點(diǎn)解析：第1段總述古埃及社會人民享受比較自由的社會組織結(jié)構(gòu)，第2段敘

述各個時期社會階層地位的變化，為上一段觀點(diǎn)提供例證支持，故答案為T。offer

supportingevidencetotheprecedingparagrapho

PASSAGETWO

18、What'sthecommoncharacteristicofartistsandscientistsinvolvedincreativev/ork?

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：Theyareindifferenttowardresponsetotheirwork.

知識點(diǎn)解析：從第1段倒數(shù)第3句的sharethisfundamental