Z20名校聯盟(浙江省名校新高考研究聯盟)2023屆高三第三次聯考英語試題卷考生須知：1.本試卷分第1卷(選擇題)和第II卷(非選擇題)。滿分為150分，考試時間為120分鐘。2.請用黑色簽字筆將學校、班級、姓名、考號分別填寫在答題卷和機讀卡的相應位置上。第I卷第一部分：聽力(共兩節，滿分30分)第一節：(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.【此處可播放相關音頻，請去附件查看】Whatarethespeakersprobablydoing?A.Parkingthecar. B.Movingsomefurniture. C.WatchingTVonthesofa.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:NowthatwehavethesofaandtheTVinhere,Ijustneedyoutohelpmewiththebed.Mycarisparkedjustoutsideonthestreet.M:Noproblem.2.【此處可播放相關音頻，請去附件查看】Wherearethespeakers?A.Atarestaurant. B.Atatheater. C.Atastore.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:Iamsorrytokeepyouwaiting.Willwebelateforthemovie?M:Oh,notatall.I’vebeenhereforonlyafewminutes.Wehaveenoughtimefordinner.Hereisthemenu.3.【此處可播放相關音頻，請去附件查看】Howmuchdoesthetelevisionsetcosttoday?A.$100. B.$150. C.$200.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:Whyareyousoexcited?M:Iamgoingtobuyanewtelevisionset.Theynormallycost300dollars,buttoday,theyareonsalefortwothirdsoftheregularprice.4.【此處可播放相關音頻，請去附件查看】Whyaretheman’seyesred?A.Heissick. B.Hedidn’tgetmuchsleep. C.Hehasterribleeyeproblems.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:Wow,Brian.Youlooklikeyouhadaterriblesleeplastnight.Youreyesareallred.M:Isleptwell,butIwokeupwithasorethroatandacough.Couldyoupassmeaglassofwater?5.【此處可播放相關音頻，請去附件查看】Whendidthewomanexpectthepackagetoarrive?A.Yesterday. B.Today. C.Tomorrow.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:Wasthatthemailmanatthedoor?M:Yes,here’sapackageforyou.Hesaidhetriedtodeliverityesterday.W:Oh!Iwasn’texpectingituntiltomorrow.第二節：(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘：聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關音頻，請去附件查看】6.Whyisn’tthegirlallowedtogoout?A.Shedidn’tdoherschoolwork.BShedidn’tdoherhousework.C.Shearguedwithherparents.7.Howdidthegirlfeelaboutherpunishment?A.Shethoughtitwasfair. B.Shewassurprisedbyit. C.Shefeltangryaboutit.【答案】6.B7.A【解析】【原文】M:Hey,Jen,doyouwanttogooutandgetsomeicecreamtonight?W:Myparentswon’tletmegoouttonightIhavetodomychoresinstead.M:That’ssurprising.Whathappened?Ican’timagineyoumakingyourparentsangry.W:It’smyfault.Iwassupposedtocleanmybathroomandmybedroomlastweekend.WhenmyparentssawIstillhadn’tdoneit,theytoldmeIcouldn’tgoouttonight.Itotallydeservedit.M:So,whatdidyoudowhentheygaveyouthebadnews?W:Iapologizedandhandledmyresponsibilities.There’snopointarguingwhenyouknowyou’rewrong.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關音頻，請去附件查看】8.HowdothespeakersknowGregParsons?A.Heusedtobetheirteacher.B.Heusedtobeafamousathlete.C.Heusedtoownabusinessintown.9.WhatwasthewomandoingwhenshesawBrianSheldontheotherday?A.Waitinginline. B.Drinkingcoffee. C.WatchingTV.10.Wherewillthespeakersgonext?A.Agrocerystore. B.Arestaurant. C.Astadium.【答案】8.C9.A10.B【解析】【原文】M:HeySherry,comeandtakealookatthis.Isn’tthatGregParsons?W:IsthattheguythatusedtosubstituteforMrs.Hayworth’smathclass?M:No.GregwastheguywhousedtoownthatItalianrestaurantweusedtogoto.W:You’reright.Andnowhe’sgothisownshowontheCookingNetwork.That’samazing.M:That’sthesecondpersonfromourtownthathasbecomefamous.RememberBrianSheldon?Iusedtoplaysoccerwithhim,andnowheplaysprofessionally.W:Iremember.IactuallysawhimtheotherdaywhenIwaswaitinginlineatStarbucks.Hestilllivesaroundhere.M:Yeah,Iknow.Hehasthatbighouseonthehillintherichneighborhood.W:Peoplelikethatalwaysdo,don’tthey?Anyway,seeingallthisfoodismakingmehungry.Shouldwegogetsomethingtoeat?M:Sure.HowaboutthatItalianplacearoundthecorner?W:That’sexactlywhatIwasthinking.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關音頻，請去附件查看】11.What’stherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Colleagues. B.Friends. C.Auntandnephew.12.Whydidthewomanvisittheman’shouse?A.Tohaveaglassofwine.B.Topickhimupbeforedinner.C.Tocongratulatehimonhisnewhome.13.Whycan’tMarciashowuptonight?ASheisn’tfeelingwell.B.Sheneedstofinishareport.C.Shehasameetingwithherboss.【答案】11.B12.C13.A【解析】【原文】M:Hi,comeonin.CanItakeyourcoat?W:Sure,thanks.Ibroughtyouabottleofwine.M:Thanks!You’rethefirstoneofallourfriendstoarrive.I’lljustputyourcoataway.W:Thisisaveryniceplace.Congratulations!Howlonghaveyoubeenlivingherenow?M:Justoverthreeweeks.Wouldyoulikeadrink?W:Sure,whatdoyouhave?M:I’vegotwhitewine,redwine,lemonade,orangejuice,andSprite.W:I’llhaveaglassofredwineplease.M:Oneglassofredwinecomingup!W:So,howmanypeoplearecomingfordinnertonight?M:Therearejustgoingtobesixofus.W:Oh,Ithoughtthereweregoingtobeeight.M:MarciaandPaulcalledtocancelatthelastminute.Paulhastoworkverylateathisoffice.Hehastofinishareporthisbossaskedhimtodo.AndMarciahasabadheadache.W:That’stoobad.They’resuchgoodcompany.M:Oh,Ithinkthere’ssomeoneatthedoor.ExcusemewhileIgoandgetit...聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關音頻，請去附件查看】14.Whendidthemangetthetickets?A.OnMonday. B.OnFriday. C.OnSunday.15.Howdoesthewomanfeelwhenthegamesareclose?A.Excited. B.Sad. C.Pressured.16.Whichteamarethespeakerscheeringfor?A.Spain. B.Russia. C.Switzerland.【答案】14.A15.C16.A【解析】【原文】M:Ifinallygotticketstothematch!W:That’sgreat!Wecameallthewaydowntown,andwealmostmissedit.Howdidyoumanagetogetthem?M:Oh,IwasstandinginlineallMondaymorning.Igotthelasttwotickets.Thepeoplebehindmeweresosad.They’regoingtohavetolistentothematchontheradio.W:Ifeelsorryforthem.Manypeoplehavetraveledalongwayjustlikeus.Theywanttoseetheteamsthatmadeittothenextlevel.ButI’msoexcitedwe’llseeit!Whichdayisit?M:It’sonFridayafternoon.W:Whowillwebeplaying?Russia?M:We’llbeagainsttheteamthatwinsinGroupD.Ithinkit’llbeSwitzerland.W:Oh,IhopeSpainwins!ButIdon’twantittobeaclosegame,either.M:Whyisthat?W:Forfanslikeus,thereissomuchpressurewhenthegamesareclose!M:Well,thereisalotmorepressureontheplayers!Besides,therehavebeenmanyclosegamessofar.ThereweretwolikethatonSunday.W:Iknowit’scommon,butI’dstillfeelbetterifSpainwonbytwoorthreegoals!M:IsupposeIagreewithyou.Oh,thisisgoingtobesoexciting!聽下面一段獨白，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關音頻，請去附件查看】17.WhatTVchannelisJimmyKimmelLiveon?A.NBC. B.TBS. C.ABC.18.WhendidJimmyKimmelbecomeespeciallyfamous?A.AfterhehostedtheOscars.B.AfterDonaldTrumpbecamepresident.C.Whenhecriedathisshowforthefirsttime.19.Ontalkshows,whatusuallycomesrightaftertheopeningspeech?A.Aninterview. B.Amusicalperformance. C.Acomedyperformance.20.WhatdidJimmyKimmeldobeforehostingJimmyKimmelLive?A.Hetaughtinadramaschool.B.Heworkedataradiostation.C.HewenttoschoolinLosAngeles.【答案】17.C18.B19.C20.B【解析】【原文】JimmyKimmelLiveisanAmericanlate-nighttalkshow.ItcanbeseenfivenightsaweekontheABCchannel.There’resomeothernightlytalkshowsthatareverypopularatthemoment,forexample,NBC’sTheTonightShowStarringJimmyFallonandConanontheTBSnetwork.Thehostsofthoseshowsaresomeofthemostfamousfiguresinshowbusiness.However,Kimmelhasbeenknowntostartcryingontheshowwhenhetalksaboutwhathecaresabout,andhehasbecomeespeciallyfamousafterDonaldTrumpbecamepresident.Alllate-nighttalkshowstendtofollowthesametiming:thereisanopeningspeechbythehost,followedbyaspecialcomedyperformancedonewithapartner.Thenthereisaseriesofinterviewswithotherfamouspeople,andamusicalperformancecomesattheend.KimmelhasbeensosuccessfulathisshowthathewasaskedtohosttheOscarsforthelasttwoyears.Inhisearlycareer,KimmelworkedataradiostationinLosAngeles,whichhelpedhimpracticehiscomedy.JimmyKimmelLive!isoneoftheonlyshowsinAmericathatarelovedbybothyoungpeopleandoldergenerations.第二部分：閱讀理解(共兩節，滿分50分)第一節：(共15小題，每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。AInspiredbyhismentorLouisSullivan,aninfluentialfigureintheworldofmodernistarchitecture,FrankLloydWrightcoinedtheterm‘organicarchitecture’around1908.Ratherthanimitatingnatureororganicelementswithinthenaturalworldorganicarchitectureismoreconcernedwithre-interpretationofnatureandharmonybetweentheorganicandthebuiltenvironment.Itensuresthattheindividualelementswithinbuildingsareputtogethertoreflecttheorderwithinnature.Hereare4ofthemoststrikingexamples.CasaMilàLocation:Barcelona,SpainYearofcompletion:1910Architect:AntoniGaudiConsideredthegreatestexponentofCatalanModernism,AntoniGaudiwasdevotedtonatureandtheCatholicreligion.Whileheoriginallyintendedthisorganicbuildingtohaveareligiouspurpose,itisnowanapartmentbuilding.Truetotheorganicstyle,itfeatureshoneyshapesthatseeminglyemergefromtheearth.LearningHubatNanyangTechnologicalUniversity(NTU)Location:SingaporeYearofcompletion:2015Architect:ThomasHeatherwickEarningthenicknames‘dimsumbasketbuilding’and‘theHive’,theLearningHubconsistsof12eight-storeytowersarrangedaroundapublicatrium.Theorganicnatureofthebuildingextendstoitsinteriorwithfeatureslikegardensthatareintendedtoencouragesocialinteractionsandstudyamongstudents.FallingWaterLocation:MillRun,PennsylvaniaYearofcompletion:1939Architect:FrankLloydWrightAclassicofmodernismandorganicarchitecture,FallingWatersitsontopofawaterfall.FrankLloydWrightdesigneditfortheKaufmannfamilywho-thoughtheyhadoriginallyhopedforaviewofthewaterfall-cametolovethehome.EastBeachCaféLocation:Littlehampton,UKYearofcompletion:2007Architect:ThomasHeatherwickLocatedinaseasideareawithanindustrialhistory,EastBeachCaferesembles(像)apieceofdriftwood.Fortymeterslong,sevenmeterswideandfivemetershigh,itinitiallypolarisedlocals,buthassincebeenwell-receivedbythewholecommunity.ItwasthefirstbuildingforThomasHeatherwickwhopreviouslywasbetterknownasasculptor.21.Whichbuildinghasthelongesthistory?A.CasaMilà. B.LearningHubatNTU. C.FallingWater. D.EastBeachCafe.22.WhatcanwelearnaboutEastBeachCafé?A.Itremainsfloatingonthesea. B.Itservestoencouragesocialinteractions.C.Itwasnotacceptedbyallthelocalsinitially. D.Itwasoriginallyintendedforaparticularfamily.23.Whichofthefollowingmagazinesisthetextprobablytakenfrom?A.NaturalWorld B.ArchitecturalDigestC.OrganicGardening D.ExtraordinaryFigures【答案】21.A22.C23.B【解析】【導語】這是一篇應用文。文章主要介紹了四座建筑的情況。【21題詳解】細節理解題。根據文章內容可知，CasaMilà完成于1910年；LearningHubatNanyangTechnologicalUniversity(NTU)完成于2015年；FallingWater完成于1939年；EastBeachCafé完成于2007年。故CasaMilà的歷史最悠久。故選A。【22題詳解】細節理解題。根據EastBeachCafé部分中“Fortymeterslong,sevenmeterswideandfivemetershigh,itinitiallypolarisedlocals,buthassincebeenwell-receivedbythewholecommunity.(它長40米，寬7米，高5米，最初引起了當地人的兩極分化，但后來得到了整個社區的好評)”可知，起初并不是所有的當地人都接受EastBeachCafé。故選C。【23題詳解】推理判斷題。根據第二段“Ratherthanimitatingnatureororganicelementswithinthenaturalworld,organicarchitectureismoreconcernedwithre-interpretationofnatureandharmonybetweentheorganicandthebuiltenvironment.Itensuresthattheindividualelementswithinbuildingsareputtogethertoreflecttheorderwithinnature.Hereare4ofthemoststrikingexamples.(有機建筑不是模仿自然或自然界中的有機元素，而是更關注對自然的重新詮釋，以及有機環境與建筑環境之間的和諧。它確保了建筑內部的單個元素被組合在一起，以反映自然的秩序。以下是四個最引人注目的例子)”結合文章主要介紹了四座建筑的情況。可推知，“建筑文摘”可能是本文的來源。故選B。BAsachild,Iwasproudofmysouthernorigin.Myownvoicereflectedmyfamily’spastandpresent-partnorthernMississippi,partTennessee,allsouthern.TherewasnosoundIlovedmorethanmygrandmother’saccent:thick,sweet,warm.Whilegrowingup,Ibegantorealizeoutsideofourregion,southernerswereoftendismissedasunculturedandignorant.IwasreadytoleavebehindmytinytowninWestTennessee,startinganewlifeandjumpingatbigchancesinsomefar-offcities.Inthatembarrassingspacebetween“teen”and“adult”,myaccentwasasymbolofeverythingIthoughtIhatedaboutmylifeintheruralSouth.Ifeareditwoulddisqualifymefrombeinganotedmagazinewriter.Iwouldhavetotalkless“country”.SoIkilledapieceofmyself.I’mashamedofit,butI’mmoreashamedthatItriedtokillthatpartofsomeoneelse-changeEmily’saccent.ImetEmilyincollege.Shewasdeterminedtoworkforthestudentnewspaper,whichwaswhereIspentmostofmywakinghours,andwebecamefriends.She,unlikeme,acceptedherroots.Earlyinourfriendship,hermotheraskedwhereIwasfrom,assumingitwassomewhereupnorth.ThenIfeltmyeffortspaidoffandevenwantedtoignorethemistake.Emilyistwoyearsyoungerandshecaredaboutmyopinion.IadvisedhertobemorelikemeandhidehersignatureManchesteraccent.Istressedthatthroughoutourcollegeyears,oftenbymakingfunofhervowel(元音)sounds.ItoldmyselfIwashelpingherachieveherdreamofworkingasareporter.Now,Iseethatitwasactuallyaboutjustifyingmyhidingpartofmyself.GrandmaCarolynusedtotellme,“Girl,don’tforgetwhereyoucomefrom.”NowItrulyunderstandthat.Manythingshavefadedfrommemory,butthissticksinmymindwithuncomfortableclarity.NowthatIamgrownandhavelefttheSouth,it’simportanttome.24.Whatmadetheauthorwanttoleaveherhometown?A.Appealofconvenienceincities.B.Herdreamofbecomingawriter.C.Outsideprejudiceagainstsoutherners.D.Herdesireforthenorthernaccent.25.HowdidtheauthorfeelaboutthemistakeofEmily’smother?A.Upset. B.Pleased. C.Ashamed. D.Surprised.26.WhyonearthdidtheauthortrytochangeEmily’saccent?A.Toproveherselfright. B.TohelpEmilybeareporter.C.Tomakeherselfinfluential. D.ToprotectEmily’sself-dignity.27.Whatmessagedoesthetextwanttoconvey?A.Staytruetoyourroots. B.Neverdothingsbyhalves.C.Holdontoyourdreams. D.Neverjudgeapersonbyhisaccent.【答案】24.C25.B26.A27.A【解析】【導語】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述作者因為別人的偏見以及追求更好的生活改變自己的口音，但后來才意識到這樣做抹殺了自己身份的一部分，也明白了要堅守本根。【24題詳解】細節理解題。根據第二段的“Whilegrowingup,Ibegantorealizeoutsideofourregion,southernerswereoftendismissedasunculturedandignorant.IwasreadytoleavebehindmytinytowninWestTennessee,startinganewlifeandjumpingatbigchancesinsomefar-offcities.(在成長過程中，我開始意識到，在我們的地區之外，南方人經常被認為是沒有文化和無知的。我準備離開我在西田納西州的小鎮，開始新的生活，并在一些遙遠的城市抓住大好機會)”可知，作者決定離開南部的家鄉是因為其他人認為南方人沒文化、無知，即外部對南方人的偏見。故選C。【25題詳解】推理判斷題。根據第三段的“Earlyinourfriendship,hermotheraskedwhereIwasfrom,assumingitwassomewhereupnorth.ThenIfeltmyeffortspaidoffandevenwantedtoignorethemistake.(在我們的友誼之初，她媽媽問我來自哪里，以為是北方的某個地方。然后我覺得我的努力得到了回報，甚至想忽略這個錯誤)”推知，當被Emily的媽媽誤會來自北方時，作者是非常開心的。故選B。【26題詳解】推理判斷題。根據第二段的“Ifeareditwoulddisqualifymefrombeinganotedmagazinewriter.Iwouldhavetotalkless“country”.SoIkilledapieceofmyself.(我擔心這會使我失去成為著名雜志作家的資格。我就得少說些“鄉村”了。所以我抹殺了自己身份的一部分)”，第三段的“Shewasdeterminedtoworkforthestudentnewspaper,whichwaswhereIspentmostofmywakinghours(她決心為校報工作，而我醒著的大部分時間都在那里度過的)”以及倒數第二段的“IadvisedhertobemorelikemeandhidehersignatureManchesteraccent.Istressedthatthroughoutourcollegeyears,oftenbymakingfunofhervowel(元音)sounds.ItoldmyselfIwashelpingherachieveherdreamofworkingasareporter.(我建議她更像我，隱藏她標志性的曼徹斯特口音。在我們的大學生活中，我經常通過取笑她的元音來強調這一點。我告訴自己，我是在幫她實現當記者的夢想)”可知，作者通過改變自己的口音獲得了在校報工作的機會。由此推知，作者努力改變Emily的口音是為了證明自己是對的，即改變南方口音就有可能獲得好工作。故選A。【27題詳解】推理判斷題。通讀全文，并結合第二段的“I’mashamedofit,butI’mmoreashamedthatItriedtokillthatpartofsomeoneelse-changeEmily’saccent.(我很慚愧，但我更慚愧的是我試圖抹殺別人的那部分——改變艾米麗的口音)”和最后一段“GrandmaCarolynusedtotellme,“Girl,don’tforgetwhereyoucomefrom.”NowItrulyunderstandthat.Manythingshavefadedfrommemory,butthissticksinmymindwithuncomfortableclarity.(卡羅琳奶奶過去常對我說：“女孩，別忘了你來自哪里。”現在我真的明白了。許多事情已經從記憶中消失了，但這件事卻以令人不安的清晰印象留在了我的腦海中)”可知，文章想要傳達的信息是：堅守本根。故選A。CInherbookTheLife-ChangingMagicofTidyingUp,MarieKondomakesthecasethatdecluttering(清理雜物)candramaticallytransformyourlife.Riddingyourspacesofunusedandunwantedstuffcanmakeyouhappier,moreconfidentandmaybeevenslimmer.Judgingbythepopularityofhermessageandmethod,Kondo’sphilosophysatisfiesmanypeople’sneed.Yettheevidencebackingthebenefitsofdeclutteringismixed.One2013studyfoundthatorderlyspacespromotehealthychoicesbutalsoconventionalthinking,whileworkinginamessyordisorganizedspacepromotescreativityandnewideas.Einstein,famously,hadaveryuntidydeskandhasbeenquotedassaying,“Ifacluttereddeskisasignofaclutteredmind,ofwhat,then,isanemptydeskasign?”Anotherstudylinkedphysicalclutter(雜亂)tolowerlevelsoflifesatisfaction.Butoneoftheauthorsofthatstudysaysthatclutter,ratherthanaprobleminandofitself,seemstobeasymptomofotherproblems,especiallyuncheckedconsumerism(無節制的消費).“Inthissocietyofabundancewelivein,Ithinktheideathatwehavetohavemoremakesuslesssatisfiedwithlife,”saysJosephFerrari,coauthorofthestudy.“Itisn’tabundancethat’stheproblemasmuchasattachmenttoabundance.”OtherpsychologistssaytechnologymayalsobecontributingtoAmerica’skeennessfororganization.Thecomplexityanddisorderlinessoflifeonlineencouragesmanypeopletoseekorderintheirphysicalspaces,Dr.DodgenMageesays.“Butthenyoufindwhenyourroomoryourinboxisorganized,yourworldhasn’tstoppedbeingcomplex,”shesays.Atthispoint,manypeopledecideevenmoreorganizingisneeded,shesays.Butthiscanleadtocompulsive(難控制的)tidyingand,unavoidably,asenseoffailurewhenyoujustcan’tkeepthingsasneatandorderlyasyou’dlikethemtobe,sheexplains.“Themoreofamessourinternalworldbecomes,themorelikelywearetograbontosomethingthatgivesusthissenseofpeace,”shesays.Whilealittletidyingcanbeacalmingdistraction,shesays,it’satemporarybandage,notacure.28.WhatdoweknowaboutKondo’sphilosophy?A.It’sbasedonsolidevidence. B.Itinvolvesspirit-liftingmethods.C.It’spopularwithmanypeople. D.Itleadspeopletorecycleunusedstuff.29.WhatdoestheexampleofEinsteinservetoshow?A.Anemptydeskisasignofanemptymind.B.Orderlyworkspacescanbringhealthbenefits.C.Anuntidydeskcandamageworkingefficiency.D.Messyenvironmentsarelikelytoencouragecreativity.30.WhatdoesJosephFerrarisayaboutphysicalclutter?A.Itdeterminespeople’slifesatisfaction.B.Itcontributestouncheckedconsumerism.C.Itreflectspeople’sattachmenttotechnology.D.Itarisesfromthedesireformorepossessions.31.Whatcanbeinferredabouttidyingfromthelasttwoparagraphs?A.Itcanleadtoafeelingoffrustration. B.Itmakespeople’sworldmorecomplex.C.Itcanprovidelastingpeaceofmind. D.Itworksbetterwiththehelpoftechnology.【答案】28.C29.D30.D31.A【解析】【導語】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了雖然很多人追求通過整理來改變生活，但相關研究表明整理實際上有好有壞，有序的空間能促進健康的選擇，但也可能會限制創造性的思維，雜亂反映了人們對于富足的依戀的問題，但是整理不能從根本上解決人們內心世界的混亂。【28題詳解】細節理解題。根據第二段中“Judgingbythepopularityofhermessageandmethod,Kondo’sphilosophysatisfiesmanypeople’sneed.（從她的想法和方法的受歡迎程度來看，Kondo的哲學滿足了許多人的需求。）”可知，Kondo的哲學受到很多人的歡迎。故選C項。【29題詳解】推理判斷題。根據第三段“One2013studyfoundthatorderlyspacespromotehealthychoicesbutalsoconventionalthinking,whileworkinginamessyordisorganizedspacepromotescreativityandnewideas.Einstein,famously,hadaveryuntidydeskandhasbeenquotedassaying,“Ifacluttereddeskisasignofaclutteredmind,ofwhat,then,isanemptydeskasign?”（2013年的一項研究發現，有序的空間會促進健康的選擇，但也會促進傳統思維，而在凌亂或雜亂無章的空間中工作，則會促進創造力和新想法。眾所周知，愛因斯坦有一張非常凌亂的桌子，有人引用他的話說：“如果凌亂的桌子是凌亂的大腦的標志，那么空桌子是什么標志呢?”）”可推知，這里用桌子凌亂但擁有巨大創造力的愛因斯坦的例子是為了佐證前面的觀點：凌亂的環境有可能促進創造力。故選D項。【30題詳解】細節理解題。根據第四段中““Inthissocietyofabundancewelivein,Ithinktheideathatwehavetohavemoremakesuslesssatisfiedwithlife,”saysJosephFerrari,coauthorofthestudy.“Itisn’tabundancethat’stheproblemasmuchasattachmenttoabundance.”（該研究的共同作者JosephFerrari說：“在我們生活的這個富足的社會里，我認為我們必須擁有更多的想法會讓我們對生活不滿意。問題不在于富足，而在于對富足的依戀。”）”可知，JosephFerrari認為物理上的雜亂源于人們內心對于富足的依戀，人們渴望擁有更多東西。故選D項。【31題詳解】推理判斷題。根據最后兩段，尤其是倒數第二段中“Butthiscanleadtocompulsive(難控制的)tidyingand,unavoidably,asenseoffailurewhenyoujustcan’tkeepthingsasneatandorderlyasyou’dlikethemtobe,sheexplains.（但這可能會導致強迫性的整理，當你不能像你希望的那樣保持東西整潔有序時，不可避免地會有一種失敗感，她解釋說。）”可知，科技給世界增加的復雜和無序會引起人們渴望整理，讓自己的世界不再復雜，但是這種渴望太過強烈的時候反而容易引起失落，因為有時候事與愿違。由此可知，整理可能會導致挫敗感。故選A項。DMorethan360millionyearsago,duringtheDevonian(泥盆紀)period,lifewasflourishinginspectacularfashion.Asfishandinvertebratespopulatedtheseas,thefirsttreesemergedonland.ButbytheendoftheDevonian,morethanhalfofallEarth’sspecieshaddisappearedinaseriesofmassextinctions.Newresearchshowshowtreeevolutioncouldhavecontributedtotheseextinctionevents.Aslandplantsdiversified,“theystartedtogrowmorecomplexrootsystemsthatwereabletoreachfartherdowntograbwater,”saysU.S.NavalAcademyoceanographerMathewSmart,leadauthorofthenewstudyintheGeologicalSocietyofAmericanBulletin.Deeptreerootsdrewcrucialmineralssuchasphosphorus(磷)outofthebedrockandtheneventuallydecayed,formingmineral-richsoil.Periodically,largequantitiesofthissoilwerewashedintotheseasandlakes-wherethesuddenphosphorusinflowcausedharmfulalgalblooms(藻華)thatpulledoxygenfromthewatersbelow.Thencameaseriesoflarge-scaleextinctions.TheresearcherstrackedthisdeadlypatterninfiveprehistoriclakebedsinScotlandandGreenland.TheymeasuredagradualphosphorusdecreaseinsedimentlayersfromthemiddletolateDevonian,accompaniedbysuddenincreaseofthemineralwithevidenceofcorrespondingoxygendepletion(耗竭).“We’vebeenworkingontheDevonianforalongtime,andwehavebeenthinkingthatthesecycleshaveoccurred,butwecouldn’treallyexplainit,”saysAnne-ChristineDaSilva,asedimentologistattheUniversityofLiègeinBelgium.“Thispapercouldbringanexplanation.”UniversityofNewMexicoplanetaryscientistMayaElrick,whowasalsonotinvolvedinthestudy,saysthatwhiletheoxygendepletionincidentscoincidedwithextinctions,itisunclearhowmuchofaroletreerootsplayed.Phosphoruslevelsdidgraduallydecreaseoverallastreesevolved,butshesaysthisreductionmayhavealreadybeenoccurring:“Ifit’satrendthatwashappeningprior,youcan’tblameitontheplants.”Next,Smart’steamplanstotestitsresultsusingcomputermodelstoseewhetherplantsonlandcouldhavecausedocean-wideoxygendepletionandcorrespondingextinction-analysisthatcouldalsohelppredictmodernalgalblooms’impact.32.What’sthemainideaofparagraph2?A.Theevolutionoflandplants. B.Theeffectofphosphorusinflow.C.Thesourceofcrucialminerals. D.Theprocessofmassextinctions.33.What’sAnne-ChristineDaSilva’sattitudetowardstheresearchfinding?A.Disapproving. B.Favorable. C.Doubtful. D.Unclear.34.WhichofthefollowingstatementsdoesMayaElrickagreewith?A.Oxygendepletionworsenedastreesevolved.B.Treeevolutioncan’tnecessarilyrevealextinctions.C.Plantextinctionresultedfromthemineralincrease.D.Phosphorusreductionoccurredbeforetreeevolution.35.Whatisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.TheRiseandFalloftheDevonianPeriodB.TheRoleofPhosphorusinTrees’EvolutionC.AlgalBloomsContributetoOxygenDepletionD.TreeRootsMayHaveSetOffMassExtinctions【答案】32.D33.B34.B35.D【解析】【導語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹最近一項研究發現泥盆紀樹木根的進化可能導致了大規模的物種滅絕。【32題詳解】主旨大意題。根據第二段“Aslandplantsdiversified,“theystartedtogrowmorecomplexrootsystemsthatwereabletoreachfartherdowntograbwater,”saysU.S.NavalAcademyoceanographerMathewSmart,leadauthorofthenewstudyintheGeologicalSocietyofAmericanBulletin.Deeptreerootsdrewcrucialmineralssuchasphosphorus(磷)outofthebedrockandtheneventuallydecayed,formingmineral-richsoil.Periodically,largequantitiesofthissoilwerewashedintotheseasandlakes-wherethesuddenphosphorusinflowcausedharmfulalgalblooms(藻華)thatpulledoxygenfromthewatersbelow.Thencameaseriesoflarge-scaleextinctions.(美國海軍學院海洋學家MathewSmart是《美國地質學會公報》上這項新研究的主要作者，他說，隨著陸地植物的多樣化，“它們開始生長更復雜的根系，能夠延伸到更遠的地方取水”。深深的樹根吸收了磷等重要礦物質然后最終腐爛，形成富含礦物質的土壤。周期性地，大量的這種土壤被沖入海洋和湖泊，在那里，磷的突然流入導致了有害的藻華從下面的水中抽取氧氣。隨后發生了一系列大規模的物種滅絕)”可知，本段主要介紹了一系列大規模的物種滅絕的過程。故選D。【33題詳解】推理判斷題。根據倒數第三段““We’vebeenworkingontheDevonianforalongtime,andwehavebeenthinkingthatthesecycleshaveoccurred,butwecouldn’treallyexplainit,”saysAnne-ChristineDaSilva,asedimentologistattheUniversityofLiègeinBelgium.“Thispapercouldbringanexplanation.”(“我們研究泥盆紀已經很長時間了，我們一直認為這些循環已經發生，但我們無法真正解釋它，”比利時列日大學的沉積學家AnneChristineDaSilva說。“這篇論文可能會給出一個解釋。”)”推知，Anne-ChristineDaSilva對研究發現持支持態度。故選B。【34題詳解】細節理解題。根據倒數第二段的“UniversityofNewMexicoplanetaryscientistMayaElrick,whowasalsonotinvolvedinthestudy,saysthatwhiletheoxygendepletionincidentscoincidedwithextinctions,itisunclearhowmuchofaroletreerootsplayed.Phosphoruslevelsdidgraduallydecreaseoverallastreesevolved,butshesaysthisreductionmayhavealreadybeenoccurring:“Ifit’satrendthatwashappeningprior,youcan’tblameitontheplants.”(新墨西哥大學行星科學家MayaElrick也沒有參與這項研究，她說，雖然氧氣耗盡事件與物種滅絕同時發生，但目前尚不清楚樹根在多大程度上發揮了作用。隨著樹木的進化，磷水平確實總體上逐漸下降，但她說這種下降可能已經發生了：“如果這是以前發生的趨勢，你不能把它歸咎于植物。”)”可知，MayaElrick認為樹木進化不一定能揭示物種滅絕，因為磷的下降可能之前就已經存在了，不能完全歸結于植物。故選B。【35題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文，并結合第一段的“Newresearchshowshowtreeevolutioncouldhavecontributedtotheseextinctionevents.(新的研究表明，樹木的進化可能導致了這些滅絕事件)”和第二段“Aslandplantsdiversified,“theystartedtogrowmorecomplexrootsystemsthatwereabletoreachfartherdowntograbwater,”saysU.S.NavalAcademyoceanographerMathewSmart,leadauthorofthenewstudyintheGeologicalSocietyofAmericanBulletin.Dee