必修一Unit2TravellingAround單元培優綜合測試卷

第二部分閱讀(共兩節，滿分50分)

第一節(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。

A

（2024·浙江紹興·三模）BestofNashvilleTNVacation

EnjoythebestofthisuniquecitywiththeBestofNashvilleTNVacationpackage.Thispackageallowsyouto

experiencehand-pickedactivitiesthatwillhelpyoutohaveatrulymemorableMusicCityadventure.Package

Includes

●5Nights’Accommodationsinyourchoiceofover46hotels

●DiscoverNashvilleTour

●GrandOleOpryatOpryHousePreferredSeating

●GeneralJacksonShowboatEveningDinnerCruiseAbouttheIncludedDiscoverNashvilleTour

SeeallofthemostexcitingattractionsinNashvillewiththeincredibleDiscoverNashvilleTour.Thistourwillgive

youviewsofhistoricdowntown,theTennesseestatecapital,theParthenonandmanyotherwonderfulattractions.

ThistouralsoincludesadmissiontothelegendaryRymanAuditoriumwherethetraditionoftheGrandOleOpry

beganaswellasadmissiontothehugeCountryMusicHallofFameandMuseum.AbouttheIncludedGrandOle

OpryatOpryHouse

GuestswillalsobeabletoattendthemostfamouscountrymusicshowintheworldwithGrandOleOpryTickets!

HeadtotheOpryHousetoseesomeoflegendarystarsinthecountry.Youneverknowwhoyoumaygettosee!

ThispackageincludesPreferredSeating.AbouttheIncludedGeneralJacksonShowboatCruise

ExperienceoneofthemostbelovedactivitiesinNashville,TNwithticketsontheGeneralJackson.Climbaboard

thisfantasticshowboatandsetoffforaneveningofgreatentertainment,sightseeing,anddeliciousfood.Enjoy

someofthemostbeautifullandmarksinNashvilleandglimpsetheskylinefromthewater.It’ssuretobean

awesomeadditiontoyourjourney!AbouttheIncludedLodging

Visitorsonthisvacationwillalsobeabletochoosewhichlodgingoptionbestsuitstheirneeds.Whether

theywishtostayinabudget-friendlyhotelthatwillfittheentirefamilyorwouldlikeamorepeacefulsuiteina

resorthotel,thereareoptionsforeveryone.Thepackageincludesfivenightsoflodging.

ExperiencethebestofthebestofNashville’sfinestattractions,cruises,andmore!Youandyourlovedones

areboundtohaveanawesometimewiththesefunactivitiesandfivenightsoflodging.

1．WhatisNOTincludedintheBestofNashvilleTNVacationpackage?

A．Meetingsuperstarsofthecountry.B．Learningthehistoryofthestatecapital.

C．Appreciatingthesceneryontheshowboat.D．Enjoyingthemostfamouscountrymusicshow.

2．Whatistrueabouttheincludedlodgingaccordingtothepassage?

A．Thelodgingoptionisfixed.B．Awidechoiceofhotelsareoffered.

C．Thehotelstobeselectedareluxurious.D．Extraexpensesareneededforaccommodations.

3．Whatisthepassageprobablytakenfrom?

A．Atraveljournal.B．Atextbook.

C．Anadvertisingpage.D．Anewsreport.

B

（2024·安徽合肥·三模）Atthebeginningofgraduateschool,IknewthatifIwantedtogettenure(長期聘

用),Ihadtobeproductive.However,whenmyfirstthreepaperswererejectedbymajorjournals,aleadingexpert

toldmemyprojectswerehopeless,andIwonderedifIshoulddropout.

Weallgetrejectedatwork,whetherit’shavingoursuggestionsshotdownorgettingfiredfromajob.It

causespain.Neuroscientists(神經系統科學家)havescannedthebrainsofpeoplewhohavecruellybeenexcluded

fromanonlinegame.Thephysiological(生理學的)responselooksfairlysimilartoprocessingphysicalpain.

Apparently,thiswasadaptiveinourevolutionarypast.Ifrejectiondidn’thurt,youmighthavebeenperfectly

comfortableleavingyourtribe,whichwouldnotbegoodforyoursurvival.Butit’sleftusnervousandlikelyto

overreacttoeverydayrejections.Ifyou’veevergivenapresentationandfeltupsetbytheoneunfriendlyfaceina

roomfullofsmiles,youknowwhatImean.

That’sthebadnews.Thegoodnewsisthatwecanlearntoacceptrejectioncalmly.“Whenyou’reinsecure

inone,yourelyontheotheronethat’sdoingbetteratthattime.Pliability(柔韌性)isthedefinitionofstrength,”

saidfilmmakerM.NightShyamalan.

Whenmyworkgotrejectedearlyinmyacademiccareer,pliabilitybecamemysourceofstrength.My

identityasaresearcherwasunderthreat,butthatwasn’twhathaddrawnmetograduateschoolinthefirstplace.I

hadanother,strongeridentity:Iwantedtobeateacher.However,Ihadn’thadthechance:Thefirsttwoyearsofmy

programweresupposedtofocusentirelyonresearch.

IrealizedthatifIwantedtobouncebackfromtheresearchrejections,Ihadtofindawaytoteach.I

convincedanadvisertosignoffonindependentstudyprojectsforagroupofstudents,andIstartedmeetingwith

themweeklytoteachmyownlittleclass.Theconversationswiththestudentsgaverisetomyfirsttwomajor

papers,whichgavemeaheadstarttowardtenure.

4．Whatwastheauthor’sreactiontotheleadingexpert’swords?

A．Hetookhisadvice.B．Hefeltdiscouraged.

C．Hepaidnoattention.D．Heconsultedanotherexpert.

5．Whathaveneuroscientistsfoundout?

A．Rejectionreallyhurts.

B．Rejectionisimportanttosurvival.

C．Peopletendtooverreacttorejection.

D．Physicalpaingrowsbecauseofrejection.

6．Whatdoestheauthoradviseustodowhenfacingrejection?

A．Findoutthereasonsbehindit.

B．Forgivethosewhorejectus.

C．Turntoourstrongeridentity.

D．Learnalessonfrompastfailures.

7．Whathappenedtotheauthoratlast?

A．Heleftgraduateschool.

B．Heturnedintoamiddleschoolteacher.

C．Heworkedonpracticinghisphysicalpliability.

D．Heaccomplishedsomeresearchworksuccessfully.

C

（2024·重慶·三模）InOceanside,acoastalsuburbabout40milesnorthofSanDiego,thepalmtreeswave

andthetemperatureisalmostperfect.Teenagerswatchsurfersrideglassywaves.Everydayitfeelslikethemost

perfectsummerday.Thereisjustoneproblem:Thesandisdisappearing.

Whilemanyvisitors,andevenlifelongCaliforniansintheindustrialstate,mightseewideareasofsandas

partofthestate’snaturalbeauty,therealityisthatoverdecades,thecoasthasbecomeahighlyengineeredwonder.

Millionsofcubicyardsofsanddugfromotherpartshasbeenaddedinthelastcenturytobuildthepostcard-worthy

beachliketheoneinSantaMonica.

ButarangeofforceshaveshrunkbeachesallalongCalifornia’scoastline.Californiacouldloseasmuchas

75%ofitsbeachesby2100,giventhesealevelriserelatedtoclimatechange.Overtime,beachsandgetssweptup

intothewater.Someofitmovestowardsotherbeaches.Besides,damsandconcretecanalshavereducedthe

amountofriversediment(沉淀物)flowingdownstreamthatcouldhelpfillbeachesasasupplement(補充).Ifthe

shorelinewereallowedtoevolvewithouthumanintervention,thebeachescouldcontinuetoexistasweknowthem.

ButinCalifornia,thedevelopmentinmanyplacesalongthecoasthascreatedahardbarrier,disturbingthatnatural

evolution.

Overtheyears,localgovernmentsworkedtogetheronafewmajorsandsupplementprojects.Butthose,still,

haveprovedtobefleetingsolutions.“Everythingwedoisashort-termfix,”saidGaryGriggers,aprofessor

specializingincoastalscience.Inrecentyears,asthesand’sdisappearancegrewmoreextreme,longtimeOceanside

residentsformedanorganizationcalledSaveOceansideSand.Abeachtowncannotexistwithoutabeach.Leaders

herelaunchedsomeinternationaldesigncompetitions,aimingatfindingnewwaysofgettingandkeepingsandon

thecity’sbeaches.

“It’sreallyarace.Ithinkthere’sabsolutelynothingwecandotoholdbackthePacificOcean,”saidGairy

Griggers.

8．Whatdoestheauthormeanbymentioningtheengineeredwonder?

A．Mostvisitorsareengineers.B．Californiaisanindustrialstate.

C．It’stheperfectholidayvacation.D．Thebeachisartificiallymaintained.

9．WhatisareasonforthecrisisofbeachesalongCalifornia’scoastline?

A．Sandsupplementhasbeenadded.B．Sealevelriseresultsinclimatechange.

C．Muchriversedimentisflowingdownstream.D．Humaninterventionblocksthenaturalevolution.

10．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“fleeting”inParagraph4mean?

A．Efficient.B．Temporary.C．Sustainable.D．Complex.

11．WhichofthefollowingwasdonetopreserveCalifornianbeaches?

A．Designcontestswereheld.B．Damsandcanalswerebuilt.

C．Man-madebeacheswereexpanded.D．Sand-themedpostcardswerepublished.

D

（2024·山西·模擬預測）AteamofscientistsfromtheCenterforCognitionandSocialityandtheData

ScienceGroupattheInstituteforBasicScience(IBS)madeanexcitingdiscoveryabouthowcomputersandhuman

brainsworksimilarlywhenrememberingthings.Theyfoundoutthatthewayartificialintelligence(AI)models,

likethoseinsmartrobots,storememoriesisalotlikehowourbrain’smemorycenter,calledthehippocampus(海

馬體),doesit.Thispartofthebrainisreallyimportantforfeelingsandmemories.

UnderstandinghowAIlearnsandkeepsinformationiskeytomakingitsmarter.Thescientistslookedinto

howourbrainslearnandrememberbyfocusingonaspecialprocessinvolvingtheNMDAreceptor,acriticalpart

ofthehippocampus.Thisreceptorworkslikeasmartdoorinourbrainthathelpswithlearningandremembering.It

openswhencertainbrainchemicalsarepresent,allowingthecelltoreceivesignalsandcreatememories.Aspecific

element,magnesium,actslikeaguard,onlylettingsubstancesinundertherightconditions.

Interestingly,theteamfoundthatTransformer,atypeofAImodel,usesasimilar“guarding”methodto

manageitsmemory.TheywonderediftheycouldmaketheTransformer’smemorybetterbycopyingthebrain’s

process.ByadjustingsomesettingsintheTransformertomimic(模擬、模仿)thebrain’smemorydoor,they

improveditsabilitytorememberthingslong-term,justlikeadjustingmagnesiumlevelscanaffecthowwellwe

rememberstuff.

ThisdiscoveryisabigdealbecauseitshowswecanusewhatweknowaboutthebraintomakeAIsmarter.

C．JustinLEE,aneuroscience(神經學)directorattheinstitute,mentionedthatthisresearchwasabigstep

forwardforbothAIandbrainscience.Itopensupnewwaystounderstandhowthebrainworksandtocreatemore

advancedAIbasedontheseinsights.

So,insimpleterms,scientistshavefiguredoutthatcomputerscanlearnandrememberinwaysthatare

surprisinglysimilartous,whichcouldhelpmakethemevensmarterinthefuture.

12．Whatdoestheterm“NMDAreceptor”inparagraph2mostlikelyreferto?

A．AtypeofcomputervirusthatattacksAIsystems.

B．Anewtechnologyformakingcomputersrunfaster.

C．AcomponentinAImodelsthatpredictsfutureevents.

D．Apartofthehumanbraininvolvedinlearningandmemory.

13．WhatdidtheteamdiscoveraboutTransformer?

A．Itdirectlymimicsthebrain’smemoryprocess.

B．Itisunaffectedbychangesinmemorysettings.

C．Itusesaspecialmethodtomanagememory.

D．Itrequiresadjustmentstoenhancelong-termmemory.

14．WhatisthesignificanceoftheresearchfindingsaccordingtoC．JustinLEE?

A．Itisanewapproachtomemoryorganization.

B．ItisacrucialstepinadvancingAIandneuroscience.

C．Itisamethodforimprovingshort-termmemoryinAI.

D．ItisabreakthroughinunderstandingAIemotionalprocessing.

15．Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?

A．ExploringtheNMDAreceptorinthebrain.

B．DiscussingimplicationsofneuroscienceforAI.

C．Comparingcomputerandhumanmemoryprocesses.

D．DiscoveringsimilaritiesbetweenAIandhumanmemory.

第二節(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)

閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。

（2024·河南·模擬預測）HowtoCreatethePerfectSpringPlanter

Springcontainersareaneasysolutionforjazzingupacolorlessbalconyandboringcornersofanygardenat

thistimeofyear.16

Choosingtherightcontainerisimportant.Alwaysthinkaboutthestyleofyourgarden.17

Theyaresolidpotsforspringastheydon’tblowoverinthoseearlyspringwinds.Checkthatthepothasalarge

drainage(排水)holetoensurethatthesoildrainswell,butalwayscoveritwithacrock(likeapiecefromabroken

?owerplanter)sothatthesoildoesn’tblocktheholeandcreateproblemswithdrainagelaterdowntheline.

Choosingtherightcompost(堆肥)isthekeytothesuccessofanyplanting.Ithinkit’sbesttousesoil-based

compostsothatthesoildoesnotbecometooheavyorwaterlogged,especiallyinspringwhenwecouldhaveplenty

ofshowers.18Andtoomuchwaterinthesoilwillfreeze,preventingtheplantsfromtakingupthe

vitalwater.

Plantcombinationsareimportant,soalwaysthinkaboutmixeswhichwilllastaswellasannualand

perennial(多年生的)ones.19Abunchofpotsforcestheeyetolookaroundandtakeineachpot

andplantcombination.Aniceoptionisplantingsummer?owerslikeDahliaorLilytocreateasummerimpact.

20Itcanbeachievedbyusingtallplants.Ifyoudon’thaveatallplantthenyoucanalways

raiseyourpotoffthegroundwitholdhousebricksordecorativepotfeet,orusestepsinyourgardentocreate

interestanddrama.

Apleasantsmellisalwaysalovelyadditiontoaspaceaswellaswildlife.Selecttherightplantforyour

locationinyourgarden－sunorshade-loving.

A．Ilikegood,weightyplanters.

B．ItcanstillbefrostyrightuptoMay.

C．Andbesides,theyaresoeasytocarefor.

D．Ialsoliketogrouppotstogetherindifferentsizes.

E．Capitalizeonthosevariationstohelpchoosecompanions.

F．Youmay?ndsomeoftheseplantsinsmallerpotsorevenmulti-packs.

G．Heightisimportanttothinkaboutwhenyou’redesigningyourarrangement.

第三部分語言運用(共兩節，滿分30分)

第一節(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)

閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。

（2024·重慶·三模）JuleusGhuntaisapublishedchildren’sauthorandaward-winningpoet.Butwhenyoung,

hecould21read.

HegrewupwithhisthreesistersinruralWesternJamaica,raisedbytheirsinglemother.Lifewastough,and

properschoolingwasoutofthequestiondueto22resources.

WhenGhuntafinallywenttoschool,hecouldn’t23onreading.Notonlyhadhebeenkepthome

fromschoolasachild,buthehadnotbeen24tobooks.

Bysixthgrade,hecouldspellhisname,butstillcouldn’tmakeoutwordsorreadwith25.He

struggledinschoolwithadeepsenseof26andworthlessness.

Atage12,ayoungteacher-in-training27aspecialreadingprogramfor28students.

Ghuntawasthefirsttojoin.Thatteacher,whosenamehedoesnot29now,becameGhunta’sunsung

hero—thepersonwhochangedhislife.

Theteacherwasincrediblykindtohim.Underherguidance,Ghunta’sreadingskillssawmarked

improvement,andhissenseofinadequacybeganto30.

“Shehadleftmewiththegiftofliteracy,”hesaid.“Andadeeper31ofmytalent.”

AfterGhunta’sexperiencewiththeteacher,hislifecourse32.Hegraduatedwithacademic

33andisnowtheauthoroftwochildren’sbooks,including“RohanBullkinandtheShadows.”

Yearslater,Ghuntareturnedtohisoldschoolandaskedtheprincipalandteachersiftheyknewher

34,butnonedid.Carryingthismemory,however,hestillhopestofindandthankherforseeinghis35

andbeingasourceoflightandhopeinhislife.

21．A．merelyB．barelyC．totallyD．simply

22．A．abundantB．publicC．limitedD．financial

23．A．giveupB．fallbehindC．missoutD．catchup

24．A．exposedB．drawnC．adaptedD．devoted

25．A．referenceB．hesitationC．cautionD．understanding

26．A．aweB．lossC．guiltD．wonder

27．A．startedB．submittedC．downloadedD．forwarded

28．A．disappointingB．strugglingC．advancedD．qualified

29．A．typeB．spellC．distinguishD．recall

30．A．disappearB．peakC．formD．spread

31．A．appreciationB．wasteC．memoryD．source

32．A．riskedB．approachedC．shiftedD．determined

33．A．skillsB．honorsC．coursesD．efforts

34．A．occupation.B．identityC．ageD．name

35．A．drawbackB．reflectionC．potentialD．ambition

第二節(共10小題;每小題1.5分，滿分15分)

（2024·安徽蕪湖·三模）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當的單詞或括號內單詞的正確形式。

ThetraditionalChineselunarcalendardividestheyearinto24solarterms.GrainBudsisthe36

(eight)solartermofayear.Itmeansthattheseedsfromgrainarebecomingfullbutarenotripe.The24solarterms

37(create)thousandsofyearsagotoguideagriculturalproduction.Butthesolartermcultureisstilluseful

todaytoguidepeople’slivesthroughspecialfoods,38(culture)ceremonies,gardeningandevenhealthy

livingtipsthatcorrespond39eachsolarterm.DuringtheGrainBudsperiod,thesummerharvestisabout

tobegin.Asayingaboutrainduringthistimementions,“Aheavyrainfallmakestheriverfull".Becauseofthe

greatincreaseinrainfall,riversarefullofwater,whichmakesfishandshrimpbigandfat.Thisisagoodtime

40(eat)fishandshrimp.Itisalso41harvestseasonforfishermen.AChinesefarmerproverbsays,

“MulberriesbecomeblackduringtheGrainBudsperiod”.Thusitisagoodseasontoeatmulberries.Thistimeisa

goodperiodforthequick42(grow)offlowers.Itisalsoaseason43plantdiseasesandpestsare

atanall-timehigh.HightemperaturesandhumidityarecommonduringtheGrainBudsperiod.Theincreasein

temperatureoverthisseasonmayalsogiverisetonettlerash,sweatspotsandotherskin44(disease).Itis

alsoimportanttoexercisetokeephealthyduringthehotsummerdays.Walking,45(jog)andpracticing

TaiChiarepopular.

第四部分寫作(共兩節，滿分40分)

第一節(滿分15分)

（2024·廣東肇慶·三模）假定你是學生會主席李華，英國某中學的部分師生即將訪問你校，并體驗校園傳統

文化節活動。請你用英語寫一篇歡迎辭，主要內容包括：

1.表示歡迎；2.活動介紹；3.表達祝愿。

注意：1.寫作詞數應為80左右；2.請在答題卡的相應位置作答。

Dearvisitingguests,

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Thankyou!

第二節(滿分25分)

（2024·河南·模擬預測）閱讀下面材料,根據其內容和所給段落開頭語續寫兩段,使之構成一篇完整的短文。

This…wasturningouttobeastrangemeeting.Thoughtheoneinblackdoesn’tknowit,theonewhiteis

beginningtosharethedarkergirl’slackofenthusiasm.Likeafireinasuddenchillwind,herhopeflickersand

wanes.Nowshegrowsuncomfortable,anxious,andwary.Aslightbutunshakableatmospheredriftsbetweenthem,

onethatfeelsunmistakablyoff.Toher,itseemsasthoughtheirverymeetingissomethingtheworldfindstobe

simply…“wrong”.Theever-presentglass,nowscatteredunevenlythroughoutand