大學英語四級模擬試卷270

一、作文（本題共7題，每題7.0分，共7分。）

1、Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteacompositiononhowtoreduce

stress.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbelowinChinese.

1.現代社會人們的壓力與日俱增2.壓力產生的原因3.減少壓力的辦法

標準答案：HowtoReduceStressWiththeconstantlychangingandquickeningpaceof

modernlife,manypeopleareusedtorushingthroughtheirlife.Peoplehavelearnedto

takeitforgrantedthatthestressisandwillbeincreasingallthetime.Acertaindegreeof

stresscanpromoteourstudyandwork,buttoomuchstressiscertainlyharmful,and

sometimesmayevencauseseriousmentalandphysicalproblems.Soitisnecessaryto

knowhowtoreducestress.Stresscancomefromeverydirection.Forinstance,itcan

comefromsortsofcompetitionwithotherpeople.Itcancomewhenwehavetoomany

thingstodoandtoolittletimetodoit.Itcanalsocomewhenwedonothaveenough

moneytopayforwhatwcwant.Itcanalsocomewhenwclackconfidenceandadmire

others.Therearemanywaysthatcanhelpussolvethisproblem,butthefollowingmay

bethemosteffective.First,weshouldmakeapracticaljudgmentonourownabilityand

dowhatwecando.Don'tsetagoalthatistoohighbecausetherearemanythingsinthis

worldthatarebeyondourreach.Second,weshouldlearntobeconsiderateandtolerant.

Donottrytochangeotherpeopleorotherthings.Everythinghasitsownwayinthe

world.Third,we'dbetternot-too-muchkeenonthematerialthings.Ifyoutryto"keepup

withtheJoneses",youburdenyourselfwithstressandcanwalknolongerontheroadto

happiness.Donotharboranyjealousy,vanity,orresentmenttoothers.Besatisfiedv/ith

whatwehave.Finally,weshouldkeepfrequentcommunicationwithourrelativesand

friends.Talkwiththemwhatwewantandthinkof.Sharewiththemourhappinessand

misery.Thisallwillhelpustofee）better.Thesearenotnecessarytheonlywaystodeal

withstress,anditismyhopethateveryonecanfreefremstress,bothmentallyand

physically,andlivearelaxedhappylife.

知識點解析：暫無解析

二、快速閱讀理解（本題共70題，每題7.0分，共70

分。）

Bearisagroupofinaininals（哺乳動物）distinguishedbyalarge,strongbody;powerful

limbs;densefur;andashorttail.BearsliveinNorthAmerica,SouthAmerica,Europe,

andAsia,wheretheyoccupyawiderangeofhabitats,includingmountain,forest,and

Arcticwilderness.Overthelastcenturybearpopulationshavesteadilydeclinedas

humanshaveoverhuntedbearsandoccupiedtheirhabiiat（棲息地）.Zoologists（scientists

whostudyanimals）classifyeightspeciesofbears:giantpanda,spectacledbear,sunbear.

slothbear（長毛熊），Asiaticblackbear,Americanblackbear,brownbear,andpolarbear.

Allofthesespecies,withtheexceptionofsomepopulationsofspectacledbearsandsun

bears,livenorthoftheequator.BearsarenotcurrentlyfoundinAfrica,Australia,or

Antarctica.Allbearsaresimilar,butindividualspeciesvaryinsize,diet,andtypeof

habitat.Forexample,polarbearsliveinfrozenArcticwilderness,wheretheyfeed

primarilyonseals,whilesunbearsliveinAsianironforestsanddineoninsects,fruits,

nuts,andsmallanimals.Reachingweightsof800kg,polarbearsmaygrow12times

largerthantheirsmallercousinsthesunbears,whichrarelyexceed66kginweight.

Despitetheconsiderabledivisionofitsrange,thebrovvnbearisstillthemostwidespread

memberofitsfamily.ItpersistsinscatteredpocketsfromSpaintoJapanand'inthe

northernRockyMountainsoftheUnitedStates.Populationsaremorecontinuousin

Russia,Alaska,andCanada.Thisbroadrangeencompasses（包含）muchvariation,from

enormouscoastalbrownbearsinAlaskaandKamchatkatomuchsmallerbearsin

SouthernEurope,wherelarge,dangerousindividuals（andtheirgenes）wereeliminated

longago.Therearepalecreambrownbearsandalmostblackbrownbears.Becauseof

theirfrostedcoats,brownbeamoftheNorthAmericaninteriorareuniversallycalled

grizzlies（灰熊）.Bearshavelongfascinatedhumans.Ancientcaveartandmorerecent

paintingsandsculptureillustratethefearaswellasadmirationwithwhichpeopleregard

theawesomepowerandacuteintelligenceofbears.Infairytales,bearsarethesymbolic

imageofbravedeeds.Infolkliterature,thebear'shabitofdisappearinginwintermonths

andemerginginspringevokesathemeofspiritualrenewal,thesupplyoffood,andthe

returnofprosperity.Inmodemtimes,astherecreationaluseofparksandwilderness

areashasgrowndramatically,humanshaveexperiencedincreasedcontactwithbears.

Bearattacksonhumansarerare,however.Americanblackbearskilledfewerthan40

peopleduringthe20thcentury.Grizzlybears,atypeofbrownbear,aremoredangerous,

butattacksonhumansarestillrare.InUnitedStatesnationalperksthatarehometo

grizzlies,injuryratesfromgrizzlybearsareaboutonepersonper2millionvisitors.Bears

prefertoavoidhumans,butwhenattacksdooccur,theyarcusuallytheresultofhumans

surprisingthesenervous,shy,andeasilyfrightenedanimals.Bearsaregiantanimalswith

wideshoulders,ashortback,shortandthicklegs,broadpaws,andashorttail.Theyhave

alengthenedhead,roundedearsthatstandstraightup,smalleyes,andalongsnout（嘴）.

Bearshuntforfoodusinganacutesenseofhearingandanextremelykeensenseof

smell—somecandetectodorsfrommorethanamileaway.Beareyesightisprobably

similarinsharpnesstohumanvision.Blackbears,andlikelyotherbears,havecolor

vision,whichhelpsthemidentifyripefruitsandnuts.Bearshave32to42teeth,

dependingonthespecies,andtheseteethreflectavarieddietofbothplantsandanimals.

Althoughallbearsaremeateaters,allbutpolarbearshavebecomeomnivorous-thatis,

theyeatmanytypesoffoods,includingroots,nuts,fruits,berries,seaweed,grasses,

honeyandants.Bearteetharenotassharporspecializedforshearing（剪毛）meatasare

thoseofsomeothercarnivores,suchascats.Forinstance,canine（犬齒）teethinmost

carnivoresaregenerallylargeandpointedandareusedforkillingprey.Inbears,

however,theseteetharerelativelysmall,andbearstypicallyusethemmoretodefend

themselvesorastools.Themolar（臼齒）teethofbearsarebroadandflat,adaptedto

shredding（撕碎）andgrindingplantfoodintosmall,easilydigestedpieces.Bearshave

fourlimbsthatendinpav/s.Eachpewhasfivelong,sharpclaws.Unlikecats,bearsare

notabletodrawbacktheirclaws.Dependingonthespecies,theseclawsmaybeusedto

climbtrees,ripopenantnestsandbeehives,diguproots,orcatchprey.Bearswalk

differentlythanmost,carnivores（食肉動物），whichtendtowalkontheirtoesinaway

thatisadaptedforspeed.Likehumans,bearswalkwiththeirweightonthesolesoftheir

hindfeet,withtheheeltouchingtheground,whilethecoesoftheforefeetareusedmore

forbalance.Thisdistributionofweighttowardthehindfeetgivesbeatsaslowpace.

Althoughbearsarcslowerthanmostothercarnivores,suchaslionsandwolves,a

runningbearcanstillroachspeedsof50km/h.Bearsarefarstrongerthanother

carnivores,andtheirlimbsaremoreflexibleandswift.Bearfurislongandhairy.Fur

colorvariesamongspecies,rangingfromallwhite,blonde,orcreamtoblackandwhite

toallblackorallbrown.Furcolormayalsovarywithinaspecies.Americanblackbears,

forinstance,maybeblack,brown,reddish-brown,orbluish-black.Severalspecies,such

asthesunbearandspectacledbear,havelighter-coloredchestandfacialmarkings.

2、BearsarefbundinNorthAmerica,SouthAmerica,Europe,andAfrica.

A、Y

B、N

C、NG

標準答案：B

知識點解析:文中第一段提到"BearsliveinNorthAmerica,SouthAmerica,

Europe,andAsia.”文中第二段又提至『"BearsarcnotcurrentlyfoundinAfrica,

Australia,orAntarctica.”因此熊通常說來不居住在非洲，本題的表達與文章內容

不符。

3、Bearpopulationshavedecreasedbecausehumanshaveoverhuntedhearsand

occupiedtheirhabitat.

A、Y

B、N

C、NG

標準答案：A

知識點解析：文中第二段末尾提到“Overthelastcer.turybearpopulationshave

steadilydeclinedashumanshaveoverhuntedbearsandoccupiedtheirhabitat.“在過去

的一個世紀，熊的數量減少是因為人類的過量獵捕和占據了他們的棲息地。因此，

本題說法是正確的。

4、Allbearseatsimilarlyinsects,fruits,nuts,andsmallanimals.

A、Y

B、N

C、NG

標準答案：B

知識點解析:文章第二段提到“Allbearsaresimilar,butindividualspeciesvaryin

size,diet,andtypeofhabitat.Forexample,polarbearsliveinfrozenArctic

wilderness,wheretheyfeedprimarilyonseals,whilesunbearsliveinAsianrain

forestsanddineoninsects,fruits,nuts,andsmallanimals.”即熊的飲食是各有不同

的，所以不能說所有的熊吃得都類似。

5、Becausebrownhearisthemostwidespreadmemberofitsfamily,theyhavemuch

variation.

A、Y

B、N

C、NG

標準答案：A

知識點解析：本題說法認為棕熊是熊家族中分布最廣的一員，囚此他們有很多變

異。這句話是對文章第三段內容的總結，完全相符。

6、Ancientcaveartandmorerecentpaintingsandsculptureillustrateonlypeople'sfear

aboutbears.

A、Y

B、N

C、NG

標準答案：B

知識點解析：文章第四段說到“Ancientcaveartandmorerecentpaintingsand

sculptureillustratethefearaswellasadmirationwithwhichpeopleregardtheawesome

powerandacuteintelligenceofbears.”因此除了這里提到的恐懼，還應有欣賞。

7、Inbothfairytalcsandfolkliterature,bearsarcalwaysthepositiveimage.

A、Y

B、N

C、NG

標準答案：A

知識點解析：文章第四段提到“Infairytales,bearsarethesymbolicimageofbrave

deeds.Infolkliterature,thebear'shabitofdisappearinginwintermonthsand

emerginginspringevokesathemeofspiritualrenewal,thesupplyoffood,andthe

returnofprosperity.”可見熊的形象一直是正面的。

8、Visitors,injuryinUnitedStatesnationalparkswastheresultofhumanssurprising

thesenervous,shy,andeasilyfrightenedanimals.

A、Y

B、N

C、NG

標準答案：C

知識點解析：文中第四段后面提到，熊通常是避開人類的，受到驚嚇才襲擊。而本

段前面并未提到美國國家公園里游人是為什么受傷的。

9、Althoughallbearsaremeateaters,allbuthavebecomeomnivorous.

標準答案：polarbears

知識點解析：文中倒數第三段提到“Althoughallbearsaremembersoftheorder

Carnivoraandaremeateaters,allbutpolarbearshavebecomeomnivorous...

10>Thecanineteethofbearsareusedmoreto.

標準答案：defendthemselvesorastools

知識點解析：文章倒數第三段提到“Inbears,however,theseteetharerelatively

small,andbearstypicallyusethemmoretodefendthemselvesorastools.”

11、Mostcarnivoreswalkontheirtoesinawaythatisadaptedfbr.

標準答案：speed

知識點解析：文章倒數第二段提到“Bearswalkdifferentlythanmostcarnivores,

whichtendtowalkontheirtoesinawaythatisadaptedforspeed.”

三、聽力短對話（本題共8題，每題7.0分，共8分。）

12、

A^ThemanshouldhelpBillwithhisVCR.

B、ThemanshouldreadtheinstructionsforprogramminghisVCR.

C、ThemanshouldtrytotakehisVCRapart.

D^TheyshouldusetheVCRtorecordaprogram.

標準答案：B

知識點解析：暫無解析

13、

A、Takebotanyandzoologythiswinter.

B、CallDr.Hernandez.

C^Registerfbrzoology.

D、Changehismajortoscience.

標準答案：c

知識點解析：暫無解析

14、

A、Shecouldgowithhimafterwork.

Sheleftworkearly.

C>Sheavoidedhavingtoworkthisweekend.

D、Shewouldratherworkthangowiththeman.

標準答案：c:

知識點解析：暫無解析

15、

A、Hedidn'twanttopayalotfbrnewcovers.

B、Hewroteacheckatanupholstery（室內裝飾）shop.

C、Hewouldliketobuyanexpensivesofa.

D^Heusedtoworkatanupholsteryshop.

標準答案：A

知識點解析：暫無解析

16、

A、Sheisneversurprised.

B、Sheissurprisedbythenews.

C^Sheislesssurprisedthantheman.

D、Nothingissurprising.

標準答案：B

知識點解析：暫無解析

17、

A、Shehasbeenwaitingfortheman.

B、Shewillstartanewjobthenextday.

C、Shedoesnotknowifshegotthejob.

D、Shedoesnotgetthejob.

標準答案：C:

知識點解析：暫無解析

18、

A、Ittakeshimseveralyearstobuildahouse.

B、Hishouseisatleastsixtyfeetlong.

C、Hehasbuilthousesforoversixyears.

D、Hebuiltahousesixty-sevenyearsago.

標準答案：C

知識點解析：暫無解析

19、

A、Hehasdifficultysolvingtheproblems.

B、Hecan^understandtheteacher.

C^Hecan^drawthediagram.

D、Hewisheshehadn'ttakentheclass.

標準答案：A

知識點解析：暫無解析

四、聽力長對話（含3小題）（本題共9題，每題上0

分,共9分。）

20、

A、KingsofancientEgypt.

B、AncientEgyptiannobles.

C^TheplacewhereEgyptiankingswerebuffed.

D、Thepreservedbodyofadeadperson.

標準答案：D

知識點解析：暫無解析

21、

A、BeforetheEgyptiandevelopedasophisticatedtechnology.

B、Beforetherewerewheels.

C、AftertheEgyptiandevelopedasophisticatedtechnology.

D、Withtheuseofspices,oilsandlinencloth.

標準答案：A

知識點解析：暫無解析

22、

A^Placingthedeadintombscarvedoutofsolidrock.

B、Buildingpyramidstohousethebodiesofdeadkings.

C、Preservingdeadbodieswithoilsandspices.

D、Constructingtombswithouttheuseofwheelsorheavyequipment.

標準答案：C

知識點解析：暫無解析

23、

A、Governmentandtaxes.

B、Workandtaxes.

C>Freedomandtaxes.

D、Deathandtaxes.

標準答案：D

知識點解析：暫無解析

24、

A、Two.

Three.

C、Four.

D、Five.

標準答案：B

知識點解析：暫無解析

25、

A、Becausetheybeginjxiyingfederaltaxesfromthatday.

B>Becauseitisthelastdayforpeopletopaythecitylax.

C、Becauseitisthedeadlineforpayingfederaltaxes.

D^Becausethestatetaxisdueonthatday.

標準答案：C

知識點解析：暫無解析

26、

A、BecauseAmericanslovemeltingpot.

B、BecauseAmericanscamefromalmosteverypartoftheworld.

C^BecauseAmericaisfamousformeltingpot.

D、BecauseAmericacontainsalargenumberofpeople.

標準答案：B

知識點解析：暫無解析

27、

A、10,000

B、850,000

C、Millions

D、230million

標準答案：B

知識點解析：暫無解析

28、

A^Siberia.

B、India.

C、China.

D^America.

標準答案：A

知識點解析：暫無解析

五、聽力長對話（含4小題）（本題共4題，每題1.0

分，共4分。）

29、

A、Inanapartmentcomplex.

B、Inahotel.

C>Atafrienefshouse.

D、Hejustarrivedtodayanddoesnothaveaplacetosleepyet.

標準答案：B

知識點解析：暫無解析

30、

A、Thesizedoesnotmattertohim.

B、Heneedsaplacewithtwobedrooms.

C^Hejustwantstoshareaplacewithotherstudents.

D、Heneedsaverylargeapartment.

標準答案：B

知識點解析：暫無解析

31、

A、Proximitytotheuniversity.

B、Benefitsthathiswifeandchildwouldenjoy.

C、Cost.

D、Size.

標準答案：B

知識點解析：暫無解析

32、

A^Lackofairconditioning.

B、Distancefromtheuniversity.

C、Cost.

D、Lackoflaundryfacilitiescloseby.

標準答案：A

知識點解析：暫無解析

六、聽力短文（含4小題）（本題共4題，每題1.0

分，共4分。）

33、

A、OnJune12,1806.

B、OnFebruary12,1809.

C^Inthewinterof1816.

D、In1778.

標準答案：A

知識點解析：暫無解析

34、

A、Hebuiltlogcabinforothers.

B、Herodehorsestocarrylogs.

C、Heworkedasacarpenterandhandyman.

D、Heworkedatthefarmsallday.

標準答案：C

知識點解析：暫無解析

35、

A^Inalogcabin.

B、Inashelter.

C、Intheforestwithanopenfire.

D、Inasmallhouse.

標準答案：B

知識點解析：暫無解析

36、

A、Abraham'sfatherremarried.

B、ThomasLincolnwenttoKentucky.

C^TheLincolnssettledinIndiana.

D、Abrahamlosthismother.

標準答案：D

知識點解析：暫無解析

七、聽力復合式聽寫（本題共〃題，每題7.0分，共

〃分。）

Gettingintodebtand[Bl]ofincomeareprobablytwoofthethingsthat

internationalstudentsoftendonotconsiderwhenpreparingtolive[B2].

However,withoutafullunderstandingofpotential[B3]resultingfromdebt,

studentsoftenhavetodropoutofschoolandreturntotheircountrieswithout[B4]

theirdreamofaneducationabroad.First,toavoiddebtwhilestudyingabroad,be

sureyouhaveenoughsavingsforan[B5]yeartocovernotonlytuition,books,

androomandboard,butalsotopayfor[B6]expenseslikemedicalbills.Too

often,studentscomewiththe[B7]minimum,andthengetinto[B8]

problemswhentheygetsickorhaveanaccident.[B9].Perhapsyou

needtoaddnaveltoyourlist.Justplanonspendingmorethanyouanticipate,andifyou

don't,you'llhavemoneyleftovertopayforfutureschoolexpenses.[BIO].In

otherwords,manystudentsaresupportedbyparentsandfamilywhiletheyarestudying

abroad;however,evenparentscanlosetheirjobsduetochangesineconomicconditions,

andthiswillleavestudentstosupportthemselves.[Bl1];andputareasonable

shareofitinsavingsfora"rainyday."However,studentsneedtofollowthenationaland

locallawsofthecountrytodetermineiftheyareeligibletowork.

37、[Bl]

標準答案：loss

知識點解析：暫無解析

38、[B2]

標準答案：overseas

知識點解析：暫無解析

39、[B3]

標準答案：issues

知識點解析：暫無解析

40、[B4]

標準答案：fulfilling

知識點解析：暫無解析

41、[B5]

標準答案：entire

知識點解析：暫無解析

42、[B6]

標準答案：unexpected

知識點解析：暫無解析

43、[B7]

標準答案：bare

知識點解析：暫無解析

44、[B8]

標準答案：financial

知識點解析：暫無解析

45、[B9]

標準答案：Also,youshouldaddincarexpenses,likegas,insurance,regular

maintenance,etc.

知識點解析：暫無解析

46、[BIO]

標準答案：Inadditiontoavoidingdebt,studentsneedtoconsiderthereliabilityof

incomethatwillsupportthemabroad

知識點解析：暫無解析

47、[Bll]

標準答案：Thus,whenendwherepossible,studentsmaywanttoconsiderfindinga

part-timejobtosupplementtheirincome

知識點解析：暫無解析

八、閱讀（選詞填空）（本題共10題，每題1.0分，共

10分。）

Themen'sWorldCupisconsideredthemostpopularsportingeventintheworldandis

followedwith[SI]interestaroundtheglobe-thefinalgameofthe2002

[S2]wasplayedtoatelevisionaudienceofmorethan1billionviewers.

Foundedin1930withjust13teams,thetournamentnowattracts[S3]from

morethan200countries.Theteamsmust[S4]ineliminationgameswithintheir

ownregionsbeforequalifyingtobecomeoneofthe32nationsparticipatinginthefinal

tournament.Thewomen'sWorldCupwasfirstplayedin1991andhasgained[S5]

steadilysincethen.Morethan90,000fansattendedthefinalsofthe1999

tournament—oneofthelargestcrowdseverto[S6]awomen'ssportingevent.

Nearly75nations[S7]toqualifyforthe1999event,whichwasa16-team

eliminationtournament.In1904representativesfromsevenEuropeansoccerassociations

(France,Belgium,Denmark,TheNetherlands,Spain,Sweden,andSwitzerland)

organizedagoverningbodyforsoccer,calledFIFA.Atthatfirstmeeting,FIFAplanned

to[S8]aworldchampionship,but26yearspassedbeforeconditionswere

suitable.In1930thefirstWorldCuptournamentwasheldinUruguay.Itwaswonbythe

hostnationwitha[S9]overArgentinainthefinal.Despitebeingavoidedbythe

strongerEuropeannations,thetournamentwasa[S10]successandexcited

internationalinterest.A)organizeB)financialC)passionateD)militaryE)entriesF)

victoryG)witnessH)pursuedI)participateJ)tournamentK)attemptedL)learnM)

capabilityN)popularityO)perspective

48、[SI]

標準答案：C

知識點解析：此處需要一個形容詞來修飾后面的名詞interest,“男足世界杯被認為

是全世界最受歡迎的體育賽事，它總是被全世界球迷充滿熱情的關心包圍

著。“interest興趣,關心。三個形容詞中financial金融的,與句義無關;military軍

事的，軍用的與句義無關；passionate充滿熱情的，由于動作的發出者是全世界球

迷，所以，球迷充滿熱情的關心符合題意。

49、[S2]

標準答案：J

知識點解析：從結構上看此處需要一個名詞做主語，“有十億觀眾在電視機前收看

了2002年男足世錦賽的決賽。”根據本句出現的thefinalgame可知，需要的是足

球賽事的名稱，tournament錦標賽，符合題意。

50、[S3]

標準答案：E

知識點露析：此處需要一個名詞做賓語，“1930年足球世錦賽創立時只有13只隊

伍，但現在卻吸引了來自200多個國家的球隊。"entries個。

51、[S4]

標準答案：I

知識點解析：此處需要一個動詞做謂語，“成為最后進入32強的球隊前，每支球隊

都必須在所屬地區參加淘汰賽。”根據后面所接的介詞in得知，participate符合題

意。

52、[S5]

標準答案：N

知識點解析：此處需要一個名詞做賓語，本句話講的是“女足世界杯始于1991年，

從那時起，女足世界杯就穩固地流行起來。''根據所剩的四個名詞分析，

capability,perspective與句義無關;victory勝利，也不合題意;只有popularity表

示其受歡迎。

53、[S6]

標準答案：G

知識點解析：此處需要一個動詞構成動詞不定式，本句句意為“有9萬多球迷現場

觀看了1999年的女足世界錦標賽，成為有史以來觀看女子體育賽事幾次觀眾最高

上座率之一。"witness看，見證。

54、[S7]

標準答案：K

知識點解析：此處需要一個動詞做謂語后接不定式。“1999年的錦標賽更為激烈，

75支球隊試圖通過淘汰賽，進入16強。”除已選過的動詞外，organize,learn,時

態不對；pursued追趕，從事，不合題意。因此選擇auempled。

55、[S8]

標準答案：A

知識點解析：此處需要一個動詞，在剩下的三個詞中，只有organize才能使這句話

有意義。本句話的意思是“1904年，FIFA的第一次大會計劃要組織一項世界錦標

賽。”

56、[S9]

標準答案：F

知識點解析：冠詞后需要一個名詞，本句話的意思是“1930年的第一屆世錦賽是在

烏拉圭舉辦的，東道主在決賽中戰勝阿根廷取得勝利。”因本句出現了，

won...Argentina所以選擇victoryoversb.戰勝某人。

57、[S10]

標準答案：B

知識點解析：此處需要一個形容詞修飾名詞，financial,military都可以修飾

success,但前文中提到世錦賽吸引了成千上萬的觀眾，所以這里所指的成功應該是

經濟上的成功。本句的意思是“世錦賽獲得了巨大的經濟效益，并且激發了全世界

的興趣。”

九、閱讀（常規閱讀理解）（本題共10題，每題1.0

分，共10分。）

Warfarereferstotheuseofforceonthepartoftwoormorenationsorotherorganized

groupsforthepurposeofdecidingquestionsatissuethatcannotbesettledbydiplomatic

means.Warfaretakesavarietyofformsbesidesorganizedmilitaryconfrontations一

amongtheminsurrections（起義）,coupsd'elat（政變）,guerrilla（游擊隊）warfare,and

terrorism.Astateofwarcanalsoexistwithoutactualresorttoarms,suchasthecoldwar.

Themilitaryinstitutionsofanationandthewayitwageswaratedeterminedprincipally

byitsformofgovernment,socialstructure,economicstrength,andgeographical

position.BeforeWorldWarII,theUnitedStates,takingadvantageofitsisolated

geographicalpositions,maintainedonlyasmallstandingarmyanddependedonitsnavy

andthatofBritain.Warfareisemployedtobringaboutortoresistpolitical,social,or

economicchanges.Historyprovidesevidenceofsuchtangible（切實的）,andfrequently

interrelated,causesasreligiousconflict,protectionofdynastic（朝代的）succession,or

acquisitionofterritory.Warforacquisitionoflandisdirectlyrelatedtothenecessityof

providingfoodforanationoragroup;thus,pioneersettlersintheU.S.wagedwar

againsttheNativeAmericansforlandonwhichtogrowtheircropsandgrazetheircattle.

InancienttimesandduringtheMiddleAges,warswereoftenbasedonthedesireto

conquerotherpeoplesandtoincreasewealthbycollectingtaxesandtributesbyforce

fromthem.Warsarealsooftenlinkedtoadesireforsecurity,onthetheorythatase-

calledfirststrikepreventsanenemyfromcarryingoutthreats.Theoverallplandevised

todefeatanenemyiscalledstrategy.Theactualtechniquescarriedoutagainsttheenemy

aretactics,whichconsistoftheproceduresforwinningonthebattlefield,innavalbattle,

andinaerialcombat.Theexecutionofplans,makingpossibletheattainmentofmilitary

objectives,involvesfunctionscarriedoutbyafieldcommanderwhosetacticaljudgment

andleadershiparecritical.Logistics（后勤）,whichinvolvestransportingtroopsand

furnishingcontinuoussuppliesinsupportofmilitaryoperations,isessentialtothe

successofthemission.Mobilizingindustry,utilities,andmedicalservice,aswellas

scientificresearchfacilitiesandpropaganda（宣傳）sources,arealsopartofthelogistics

planningfunction.

58、Besidesorganizedmilitaryconfrontations,whatelseformofwarismentionedinthe

firstparagraph?

A、Diplomaticnegotiations.

B、Terrorism.

C^Strike.

D、Revolutions.

標準答案：B

知識點解析：文章第一段提到"Warfaretakesavarietyofformsbesidesorganized

militaryconfrontations-amongtheminsurrections,coupsd'etat,guerrillawarfare,and

terrorism”，因此選項中只有Bterrorism符合原文。

59、Accordingtothesecondparagraph,themilitaryinstitutionsofanationarenot

determinedby.

A^geographicalposition

B、socialstructure

C、economicstrength

D^theleader

標準答案：D

知識點解析：文章第二段提到“Themilitaryinstitutionsofanationandthewayit

wageswararedeterminedprincipallybyitsformofgovernment,socialstructure,

economicstrength,andgeographicalposition.”即一個國家的軍事制度和它發動戰

爭的方式主要由它的政府形式，社會結構，經濟力量，以及地理位置決定。而不是

主觀地由領導個人決定。因此選擇D。

60、WhichofthefollowingreasonsisNOTmentionedinthethirdparagraph?

A、Religiousreason.

B、Territorialreason.

C、Economicmason.

D、Culturalreason.

標準答案；D

知識點解析：文章第三段提到戰爭的多種原因，可以是政治，社會，經濟，宗教，

領域之爭。而文化因素沒有提到。

61、Whichofthefollowingistrueaboutstrategyandtactics?

A、Theoverallplansdevisedtodefeatanenemyarecalledtactics.

Theactualtechniquecardedoutagainsttheenemyiscalledstrategy.

C、Tacticsarcmoreconcretethanstrategy.

D、Strategyconsistsoftheproceduresforwinningonthebattlefield,innavalbattle,and

inaerialcombat.

標準答案：C

知識點解析：根據文章坡后一段“Theoverallplandevisedtodefeatanenemyiscalled

strategy.Theactualtechniquescarriedoutagainsttheenemyaretactics,whichconsist

oftheproceduresforwinningonthebattlefield,innavalbattle,andinaerial

combat.”打擊敵人的整體的一個計劃叫做戰略。具體實施的打擊敵人的方法被稱

做戰術，戰術包括了在陸地戰中、海戰中以及空戰中打敗敵人的過程和步驟。可以

推斷出C是正確選項ctics要比strategy更具體，指的是具體的戰術。

62Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?

A、Thedefinition,masonsandplanningofwar.

B、Thereasonsofwar.

C、Planningandorganizationofwar.

D、Actualstrategiesofwar.

標準答案：A-

知識點解析：本篇短文講的是：戰爭是什么，戰爭的原因和部署。B,C選項比較

片面，D選項文章沒有著重講到，因此，本題選擇A。

OlympicGamesareinternationalsportscompetition,heldevery-fouryearsatadifferent

site,inwhichathletesfromdifferentnationscompeteagainsteachotherinavarietyof

sports.TherearctwotypesofOlympics,theSummerOlympicsandtheWinter

Olympics.Through1992theywereheldinthesameyear,butbeginningin1994they

wererescheduledsothattheyareheldinalternateeven-numberedyears.Forexample,

theWinterOlympicswereheldin1994andtheSummerOlympicsin1996.TheWinter

Olympicswerenextheldin1998,andtheSummerOlympicsnextoccurredin2000.The

modemOlympicGamesbeganinAthens,Greece,in1896,twoyearsafterFrench

educatorandthinkerPierredeCoubertinproposedthattheOlympicGamesofancient

Greeceberevivedtopromoteamorepeacefulworld.Theprogramforthe1896Games,

includingonlysummerevents(theWinterOlympicswerenotestablisheduntil1924),

includedabout300athletesfromfewerthan15countriescompetingin43eventsinnine

differentsports.Incontrast,theprogram100yearslaterforthe1996SumnerOlympicsin

Atlanta,Georgia,includedmorethan10,000athletesfrommarethan190countries

competingin271eventsin29differentsports.TheOlympicGainesareadministeredby

theInternationalOlympicCommittee(IOC),whichisheadquarteredinLausanne,

Switzerland.TheIOCwascreatedinParis,France,in1894asanindependentcommittee

selectingitsownmembers.MostmembersarcelectediotheIOCaftersewingon(he

NationalOlympicCommittees(NOCs)oftheirowncountries.ThefirstIOCmembers

wereallfromEuropeortheAmericas,withtheexceptionofonefromNewZealand.The

committeeelecteditsfirstAsianmemberin1908anditsfirstAfricanmemberin1910.

Currently,membersfromEuropeanandNorthAmericancountriesstillaccountformuch

oftheIOCmembership.IOCmembersmustretireattheendoftheyearinwhichthey

reachtheageof80,unlesstheywereelectedbefore1966,inwhichcasetheycanserve

forlife.TheIOCoverseessuchfunctionsasdeterminingthesiteoftheOlympicGames,

theestablishmentofworldwideOlympicpolicies,andthenegotiationofOlympic

televisionbroadcastrights.TheIOCworkscloselywiththeNOCsandwiththe

InternationalAmateurAthleticFederation(theinternationalgoverni