2025屆廣東省湛江市高三下學期普通高考測試（一模）英語試題學校:___________姓名：___________班級：___________考號：___________一、閱讀理解IncredibleBaliTourBedugulBeginthedaybyexploringtheBedugulBotanicalGardens.Walkaroundandrelaxunderthetalltrees.Afterward,makeaquickstopatCandiKuning,thetraditionalfruitandvegetablemarket,togetyourhandsonsomefreshlygrown,localproduce.Then,headtomountainrangesandlakesforattractiveviewsandmakeastopatUlunDanuTemple,locatedrightatthewater’sedge.LovinaRiseearlybeforethesunandgetreadytoventureouttoseaforanexcitingdayofdolphinwatching.Intheevening,watchuptofivespeciesofnativedolphinsspringfromthewateragainstthebackdropofanorangesunsetbeforeheadingback.SpendtherestofthedayunwindingatyourhotelwitharelaxingandtraditionalBalinesemassage(按摩).MenjanganIslandCollectyoursnorkeling(潛水)equipmentand,assistedbyyourlocalguide,exploretheisland’scolorfulreefsandgreenishbluewaters,consideredsomeofthebestintheregion.Backonthemainland,ventureonwardtoBanjarHotSpringsontheSeriritcoast.Relaxyourselfinitswarmwatersconsideredbylocalstopossessamixofnaturalnutrientsandminerals.KintamaniTakesshortstopatBejiTemple.Builtinthe15thcentury,thistempleiswidelyconsideredoneoftheoldesttemplesontheisland.Afterward,headtoPuraPuneakPenulisan.LocatedonthepeakofPenulisanMountain(1,745m),itisthehighesttempleinBali,with336stepsrisingallthewaytothepeak.Explorethetemple,withtheoptionforamazingviewsofthesurroundingcountryside.1．WhatcanatouristdoinBedugul?A．Learnaboutlocalproduce. B．Watchseaanimals.C．Gosuorkeling. D．Explorethecountryside.2．WhatisrecommendedforatouristtogetrefreshedontheSeriritcoast?A．Restingundertrees. B．Watchingthesunset.C．Takingamassage. D．Bathinginhotsprings.3．WhereisPuraPuncakPenulisanlocated?A．Nexttoabotanicalpark.B．Onthetopofamountain.C．Inthecenterofacoastaltown.D．Byalakesurroundedbymountains.ANewZealandmanplayinghisfirst-evercompetitiveScrabblegame(拼字游戲)inSpanishhaswontheboardgame’sSpanish-languageworldtitle—despitenotbeingabletospeaktheSpanishlanguage.NigelRichards,aprofessionalplayerwhoholdsfiveEnglish-languageworldtitles,wontheSpanishWorldScrabblechampionshipsinGranada,Spain,inNovember,losingonegameoutof24.“Richardsstartedmemorizingthelanguage’sScrabblewordlistayearago,”hisfriendLizFagerlund—aNewZealandScrabbleofficial—toldTheAssociatedPress.“Hecan’tunderstandwhyotherpeoplecan’tjustdothesamething,”LizFagerlundsaid.“Hecanlookatablockofwordstogether,andoncetheygointohisbrainasapicturehecanjustrecallthatveryeasily.”NothingliketheNewZealander’sachievementhadeverhappenedinSpanishScrableaccordingtoAlejandroTerenzani,acontestorganizer,whosaid,“Itwasimpossibletoreactnegatively;youcanonlybeamazed.”Richardshasdonethisbefore.In2015,hebecametheFrench-languageScrabbleworldchampion,despitenotspeakingFrench.HetooktheFrenchtitleagainin2018.RichardsisrecognizedininternationalScrabbleasthegreatestplayerofalltime.In2008hebecamethefirstplayerevertoholdtheworldUSandBritishtitlesatthesametime,despitehavingto“forget”40,000EnglishwordsthatdonotappearintheAmericanScrabblewordlisttowinintheUS.Scrabbledoesnotrequireplayerstoknowthedefinitionsofwords,onlywhatcombinationsoflettersareallowed,butnativespeakersdohaveanadvantage.Richards’motheroncetoldaNewZealandnewspaperthathewasnotexcellentatEnglishinschool,neverattendeduniversity,andtookamathematicalapproachtothegameratherthanalinguistic(語言學的)one.4．WhatisamusttoplayaScrabblegame?A．Memorizingawordlist. B．Buildingpictureblocks.C．Beingfluentinmultiplelanguages. D．Winningtitlesinspellingcompetitions.5．WhatdidAlejandroTerenzanithinkofRichards’achievement?A．Integrated. B．Inspiring. C．Unsustainable. D．Unmatched.6．HowistheAmericanScrabblegamedifferentfromtheEnglishone?A．Theyinvolvedifferentskillsets. B．Theyawardwinnersindifferentways.C．Theyhavedifferentwordcoverage. D．Theyrequiredifferentregistrationprocesses.7．WhatdidRichards’mothersayabouthim?A．Helearnedfivelanguages. B．Heperformedexcellentlyatuniversity.C．Heowedhissuccesstoaspecialapproach. D．HetookadvantageofbeinganativeSpanishspeaker.Ninety-year-oldLaurafoundanewsociallifeat82yearsoldbyjoiningacommunitycenterwithapool.Shebeganswimmingregularlyandsheenjoyedaffordablelunches,dancedtoDJmusic,andmadefriends.Researchshowsthatpeoplewithstrongsocialconnectionstendtobepositivetowardslifeandare50%morelikelytolivelongerthanthosewholivealone.ScientistsfromBrighamYoungUniversityanalyzed148studiesinvolvingover300,000participantsandfoundthatsatisfyingsociallivesareasbeneficialforlongevity(長壽)asquittingsmokingandmayevenbemorecrucialthanexerciseorlosingweight.Socialconnectionscaninfluencehealththroughbuffering,wheresupportfromothershelpsusadaptemotionallytochallenges,reducingstress-causedhormonesthatweakentheimmune(有免疫力)system.Rebeca,aprofessoratHarvardUniversity,addssomethingtothisunderstandingbypointingouttheimpactofourbeliefsaboutagingonhealthylongevity.Herstudiesshowthatoldpeoplewithpositiveviewsofagingaremuchbetterabletorundailyroutines.They’remorelikelytorecoverfromadisablinginjury.Herresearchalsosuggeststhatpositiveattitudestowardsagingofferprotectionagainstcognitive(認知的)decline.Rebecafindspeoplewithapositiveviewofaginglivedanaverageof8yearslongerthanthosewithanegativeone.Sheexplainsthatbeliefsarepowerfulbecausepeoplewithapositivemindsetaboutagingtendtohaveagooddietandactivelifestyle.Theyalsohavelowerlevelsofstresshormones.Rebecaemphasizesthatagebeliefscanbeshifted.Inonestudy,adultswhowroteaboutahealthyolderperson’slifeonceaweekforfourweeksshowedasignificantdeclineinnegativeperceptionsofaging.Despitethegrowingelderlypopulation,negativeviewsaboutaginghaveworsened,asisshownbyRebeca’sanalysisofa200-yeardatabaseofover400millionwords.Thelanguageusedaroundaginghasbecomemorenegativeanddismissivesincethelate1800s.Rebecaarguesthatlabelingagingasadiseaseignoresthestrengthsandgrowthpotentialinlaterlife.8．WhatdoesLaura’sexampleimply?A．Thechallengesofquittingsmoking.B．Theroleofexerciseinoveranhealth.C．Thepossibilityofphysicaldisabilityoftheelderly.D．Thepowerofsocialconnectionsonhealthylongevity.9．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“buffering”inparagraph2mean?A．Affectingeverydaytasks.B．Reducingtheharmfuleffects.C．Weakeningtheimmunesystem.D．Leadingtoemotionalstress.10．WhichpointofviewwillRebecaagreewith?A．Agingshouldbetreatedasadisease.B．Writinghelpstoslowdowncognitivedecline.C．Positivemindsetcanbeformedthroughpractice.D．Peoplearebecomingmorerespectfultotheelderly.11．HowdidRebecalearnaboutthechangeofpeople’sattitudetowardsaging?A．Bymakinginterviews.B．Byanalyzingadatabase.C．Byobservingasocialtrend.D．Bycomparingresearchfindings.Onesunnyafternoon,three-year-oldAisha,anorangutanattheSanDiegoZoo,playedoutsidewhileherfathersatnearby.Aishatookatoyandwaveditathim.Whenhedidntrespond,Aishawavedthetoyinherdadsfaceandbrusheditacrossthetopofhishead,makingitharderforhimtoignoreher.Finally,hegaveinandwatchedher.Aisha’sbehaviorsuggeststhatgreatapes(類人猿)engageinplayfuteasing(戲弄)justlikehumansandthattherootsofhumanhumorcangoback1.3millionyearstothecommonaneestorsofapesandhumans.AstudyledbyFedericoRossonoftheUniversityofCaliforniaincludesorangutans,chimpanzees,bonobos,andgorillasinzoos.Theycarriedoutavideo-basedstudyandidentifiedsocialinteractionsthatcontainamixofplayfulandannoyingelements.Theyfocusedoncharacteristicssuchasone-sidedprovocation(挑釁),surprise,lookingatthetarget’sface,andrepetitionofthebehavior.Despitelivingindifferentsocialstructuresandenvironments,allfourspeciesofgreatapesteaseoneanotherinsimilarways.Ateasermightgrabanother’shandorfoottostoptheiractivity.Sometimesapeshidunderobjectswhenteasing,reachingoutahandsuddenlytopullsomeone’shair.Targetstendedtoignoreteasersortrytogentlygetthemaway.Sometimestheyrespondedpositivelywithplay,orteasingoftheirown.Othertimestheyjustgotupandleft.Whiledoingplayfulteasing,theteaserhastopredictthetarget’sresponseandadjusttheirbehaviorbasedonhowthetargetislikelytorespond.Learningtopredicthowotherswillrespondisacriticalskillforhighlysocialanimals.Thestudyofplayfulteasingmaynotbelimitedtoapes.“Wesuspectthatotherhighlysocialanimalssuchasparrots,dolphins,elephants,whales,anddogs,mayalsoengageinthisbehavior,”saidco-researcher,IsabelleLaumer.Togathermoredata,researchershavesurveyedzookeepersandarecollectingstoriesofanimalteasingfromaroundtheworld.12．WhydidAishawaveatoyatherfather?A．Tohavefunplayfully.B．Tocopyhumanbehavior.C．Toattracthisattentiontoherhead.D．Toshowannoyanceforignoringher.13．Whatisparagraph3mainlyabout?A．Thesubjectsofthestudy.B．Thefindingsofthestudy.C．Theapproachofthestudy.D．Thestructureofthestudy.14．Whatcanbelearnedabouttheapes?A．Thetargetfeelsangryattheteaser.B．Theteaserfocusesonthetarget’sface.C．Theteaserpredictsthetarget’sresponse.D．Thetargetadaptstothebuildoftheteaser.15．Whatisasuitabletitleforthetext?A．HumorIsOlderthanHumans.B．PlayfulTeasingIsConductedAcrossSpecies.C．StudyDiscoverstheSecretofOurAncestors.D．ZooAnimalsEnjoyTakingEachOtherbySurprise.Classroomenvironmentsplayacrucialroleinstudents’learningexperiences.Asettingfilledwithtoomanythingscanlookuntidy.16Therefore,teachersaresupposedtobecarefulwithwhattheywanttheirclassroomtolooklike.Whilecontrollingallfactorsmaybechallenging,teacherscanmanagethematerialsonclassroomwallstoreducedistractions(分散注意力的事)。17Astudent’sworkingmemoryprocessesvisualandverbal(口頭的)information.Toomanyposters,regulations,orinformationsourcescanoverloadastudent’sworkingmemory,makingitdifficulttofocusandprocessinformation.18Theaveragepreschoolisoverloadedwithlabels,lists,andrules,whichcandecreasechildren’sabilitytofocusandlearn.Decorationsaresometimesmistakenforquality.Expertspointoutthatreadingandwritingperformancesareparticularlyaffectedbylevelsofstimulation,whilemathbenefitsfromstudent-centeredandpersonalizedclassroomdesigns.Involvingstudentsindesigningtheirlearningspacecangivethemasenseofownershipandpride.19Thecoloroftheclassroomisanothercriticalfactor.Redandorangecanmakestudentsfeelnervous,whileblueandgreenarecalming.Youngerchildrenmayrespondwelltobrightcolorslikeyellow,butolderstudentsbenefitfromlightshadesofblueandgreen.TheInternationalAssociationofColorConsultantsNorthAmericaemphasizestheimportanceofappropriatecolordesignforcreatingconducive(有利的)learningenvironmentsandpromotinghealth.20Suchsettingsarelikelytocausestudentstobecomeuninterestedinlearning.Therefore,teachersshouldbemindfuloftheimpactsofvisualstimuliontheirstudentsandworktominimizedistractionsforbetteracademicperformance.A．Itdistractsstudentsandnegativelyimpactstheiracademicperformance.B．Classroomsoftenbecometextandpicture-richfromearlyeducationlevels.C．Teachersshouldconsiderfeaturingstudentworkstopromotestudentworth.D．Alternatively,colorlessandpoorlylitclassroomsareoftenconsideredboring.E．Classroomenvironmentsareintendedtostimulateenthusiasmandparticipation.F．Overstimulationintheenvironmentincreasescompetitionforastudent’sattention.G．Acombinationofbrightandlightcolorsbenefitsacademicperformanceandhealth.二、完形填空Ascicadas(蟬)emergeinpartsoftheUnitedStatesin2024,JoshWicker,abiologyenthusiastfromSouthCarolina,isadvocatingforadifferentapproachtotheseinsects:21them,whichisnotanAmericandietaryhabit.Wickerseescicadasasaculinary(烹飪的)22ratherthananannoyance.Inspiredbyother23worldwidethatincludeinsectsintheirdiets,WickerdecidedtohostaninsectthemeddinnerpartytochallengeAmerican24.Wicker’slovefornatureledhimto25theideaofaddingcicadastohisdiet.Hewasmotivatedbytheglobal26ofeatingcicadas.He27onsocialmediatofindinteresteddiners,andtheresponsewasso28thathehadtostop29attendeesduetothegreatinterest.Fordinner,Wicker30amenufilledwithinsectdelicacies,presentedashorsd’oeuvres(開胃菜).Themenuincludedinnovativedishessuchaspigsinablanketwithcicadaheadsandbacon-wrappedcicadas.The31fromhisfriendswereamixofcuriosityandfear.Whilesomewereeagertotrythe32dishes,othersweremore33.Wicker’sexperimentnotonlyprovidedauniquediningexperiencebutalsoofferedanewviewonthe34betweenhumansandthenaturalworld.Itencouragespeopleto35theircomfortzonesoffoodandconsiderinsectsasasustainableandnutritiousfoodsource.21．A．charting B．consuming C．ignoring D．protecting22．A．accident B．business C．entertainment D．opportunity23．A．suggestions B．issues C．alarms D．cultures24．A．ideas B．strategies C．dreams D．promises25．A．explain B．abandon C．explore D．reform26．A．order B．market C．level D．practice27．A．reachedout B．showedoff C．profitedoff D．ledout28．A．enthusiastic B．careful C．special D．clear29．A．naming B．mentioning C．accepting D．applauding30．A．evaluated B．created C．recognized D．claimed31．A．reactions B．inspirations C．resources D．comparisons32．A．appetizing B．typical C．strange D．disappointing33．A．excited B．hesitant C．confused D．confident34．A．difference B．conflict C．separation D．relationship35．A．lookupto B．stepoutof C．makeuseof D．givewayto三、語法填空閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當的單詞或括號內單詞的正確形式。Beijingwillspeedupworktoprotectandmakeuseofculturalrelicsinitscorefunctionalareas.Thecityaimstopromotepublicaccess36moreheritage(遺產)sitesalongtheBeijingCentralAxis(軸),37wasrecognizedasaUNESCOWorldHeritageSitein2024.Accordingtothesite’sofficeforculturalheritage38(apply)andprotection,Beijingwilltakeadvantageofitsuniqueworldheritageresources39(enhance)itsroleasaninternationalexchangecenter,developingtheCentralAxisintoaspaceforinternationalevents.Authoritiesplantointensifyeffortstopreserveanddisplay40historyandcultureoftheBeijingCentralAxis.Theyintendtopromoterelevantliteraryandartisticcreation,launchmoretailoredtourist41(route),andenhanceurbanrenewalprojectsinsurroundingareas.Stretching7.8kilometersfromYongdingGateinthesouthtotheDrumandBellTowersinthenorth,theBeijingCentralAxiswasconstructed42(base)onancientarchitecturalphilosophiestocreateanideallayoutforacapitalcity.TheCentralAxis43(date)backtotheYuanDynasty,whileits44(long)wasextendedintheMingandQingdynasties.Followingitsinclusionontheworldheritagelist,visitstoscenicareasalongtheCentralAxishaveincreased45(significant).CulturalandhistoricalsitesremainthecornerstoneofBeijing’sculturaltourismconsumption,withtheBeijingCentralAxisemergingasamust-visitdestinationforbothdomesticandinternationaltourists.四、書信寫作46．假定你是李華，上周你參加了學校英語社團舉辦的中國成語故事英語短劇表演活動。請給你的英國朋友Alex寫一封郵件，分享你參加這次活動的經歷和感受。注意：1.寫作詞數應為80個左右;2.請按如下格式在答題卡的相應位置作答。DearAlex,____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua五、書面表達47．閱讀下面材料，根據其內容和所給段落開頭語續寫兩段，使之構成一篇完整的短文。Squeakywasn’texpectedtodomucharoundthehouse,butshewasresponsibleforlookingafterhersisterLouise,whowasintellectuallydisabled.PeopleintheirHarlemneighborhoodoftenmadefunofLouise,butSqueakydidn’thesitatetostandupforher.AsSqueakywasanincrediblyfastrunner,shecouldjustrunawayifthingsgottooheated.Infact,Squeakywonmanyracesshecompetedin,sometimeslosingtoherclassmateandfriend,Gretchen.Thesedays,SqueakyandGretchenweretalkingaboutwhoofthemwouldwininthecomingMayDayrace.Squeakyoftenranaroundtheneighborhood,trainingforracesandperformingbreathingexercises,andLouiseusuallywenttogether.Louiseoftencausedtroubleinpublic,drawingtheangerofneighborstowhomSqueakymustapologize.ButSqueakydidn’tmindaslongasLouisedidn’tinterfere(干擾)withhertraining.Presently,SqueakywaspracticingrunningintheneighborhoodwithLouisewhenshespottedGretchenrunningtowardsthem.Whentheycameclose,theyallstopped.GretchenlookedatLouiseincuriosity,whichwastakenasaprovocationbySqueaky,whosteppedforwardindefense.Gretchensteppedbackandsmiledkindly.Relieved,SqueakyintroducedLouisetoGretchenandexplainedwhyshewasdefensive.Gretchenlaughed,sayingshewascuriousbecauseshewassurprisedthatLouiseshouldbeabletorunasfastasSqueaky.“IsshealsotrainingfortheMayDayrace?”Gretchenasked.Squeaky’seyeslitup.“Whyhaven’tIeverthoughtofthis?”shethought.Gretchen’swordsremindedherofanideashehadneverthoughtof.“IdecidetoquitrunningandcoachLouiseinstead.Ihavemanyawards,butLouisehasnothing,”shetoldGretchen.GretchenwasalmosttouchedtotearsbySqueaky’sconsiderationforhersister.“CanIworktogetherwithyou?”Gretchenaskedwithenthusiasm.Thetwofriendslookedateachotherinagreement.注意：1.續寫詞數應為150個左右;2.請按如下格式在答題卡的相應位置作答。Thecoachingwasnoeasyjob.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________MayDayfinallyarrived.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________《2025屆廣東省湛江市高三下學期普通高考測試（一模）英語試題》參考答案題號12345678910答案ADBADCCDBC題號11121314151617181920答案BABCBAFBCD題號21222324252627282930答案BDDACDAACB題號3132333435答案ACBDB1．A2．D3．B【導語】這是一篇應用文，文章介紹了巴厘島的四個景點。1．細節理解題。根據Bedugul部分中“Afterward,makeaquickstopatCandiKuning,thetraditionalfruitandvegetablemarket,togetyourhandsonsomefreshlygrown,localproduce.(之后，在傳統的水果和蔬菜市場CandiKuning稍作停留，品嘗一些新鮮種植的當地農產品)”可知，游客在Bedugul可以了解當地的農產品。故選A。2．細節理解題。根據MenjanganIsland部分中“Backonthemainland,ventureonwardtoBanjarHotSpringsontheSeriritcoast.Relaxyourselfinitswarmwatersconsideredbylocalstopossessamixofnaturalnutrientsandminerals.(回到大陸，冒險前往Seririt海岸的班加爾溫泉。在當地人認為擁有天然營養和礦物質的溫暖水域放松自己)”可知，在班加爾泡溫泉可以使人放松，故給想要在Seririt海岸恢復精力的游客推薦泡溫泉。故選D。3．細節理解題。根據Kintamani部分中“Afterward,headtoPuraPuneakPenulisan.LocatedonthepeakofPenulisanMountain(1,745m),itisthehighesttempleinBali,with336stepsrisingallthewaytothepeak.(之后，前往PuraPuneakPenulisan。它位于Penulisan山（1745米）的山頂，是巴厘島最高的寺廟，有336級臺階一直上升到山頂。探索寺廟，可以欣賞到周圍鄉村的美景)”可知，PuraPuncakPenulisan位于山頂。故選B。4．A5．D6．C7．C【導語】這是一篇新聞報道。文章主要說明了一名新西蘭男子NigelRichards第一次用西班牙語玩拼字游戲，贏得了這個棋盤游戲的西班牙語世界冠軍。文章還介紹了他參加拼字游戲的經歷和拼字游戲的規則。4．細節理解題。根據第二段““Richardsstartedmemorizingthelanguage’sScrabblewordlistayearago,”hisfriendLizFagerlund—aNewZealandScrabbleofficial—toldTheAssociatedPress.(“理查茲一年前就開始背拼字游戲單詞表了，”他的朋友、新西蘭拼字游戲官員利茲·費格倫德告訴美聯社)”可知，玩拼字游戲的必備條件是背單詞表。故選A。5．推理判斷題。根據第四段“NothingliketheNewZealander’sachievementhadeverhappenedinSpanishScrableaccordingtoAlejandroTerenzani,acontestorganizer,whosaid,“Itwasimpossibletoreactnegatively;youcanonlybeamazed.”(比賽組織者亞歷杭德羅·特倫扎尼說，在西班牙語拼字游戲中，從來沒有出現過像這位新西蘭人這樣的成就。你只會感到驚奇。”)”可知，亞歷杭德羅·特倫扎尼對理查茲的成就是無可匹敵的。故選D。6．細節理解題。根據第六段“In2008hebecamethefirstplayerevertoholdtheworldUSandBritishtitlesatthesametime,despitehavingto“forget”40,000EnglishwordsthatdonotappearintheAmericanScrabblewordlisttowinintheUS.(2008年，他成為第一位同時獲得美國和英國拼字游戲世界冠軍的選手，盡管他必須“忘記”4萬個沒有出現在美國拼字游戲單詞表上的英語單詞才能在美國獲勝)”可知，兩者有不同的文字覆蓋率。故選C。7．細節理解題。根據最后一段“Richards’motheroncetoldaNewZealandnewspaperthathewasnotexcellentatEnglishinschool,neverattendeduniversity,andtookamathematicalapproachtothegameratherthanalinguistic(語言學的)one.(理查茲的母親曾對一家新西蘭報紙說，理查茲在學校的英語不太好，也沒上過大學，他玩足球時用的是數學方法，而不是語言方法)”可知，理查茲把自己的成功歸功于一種特殊的方法。故選C。8．D9．B10．C11．B【導語】本文是一篇說明文，主要介紹了社交關系和積極心態對健康長壽的影響。文章通過Laura的例子、科學研究和Rebeca的觀點，闡述了社交關系和積極心態對老年人健康的重要性。8．推理判斷題。根據文章第一段“Ninety-year-oldLaurafoundanewsociallifeat82yearsoldbyjoiningacommunitycenterwithapool.Shebeganswimmingregularlyandsheenjoyedaffordablelunches,dancedtoDJmusic,andmadefriends.Researchshowsthatpeoplewithstrongsocialconnectionstendtobepositivetowardslifeandare50%morelikelytolivelongerthanthosewholivealone.(九十歲的Laura在82歲時通過加入一個有游泳池的社區中心找到了新的社交生活。她開始定期游泳，享受實惠的午餐，隨著DJ音樂跳舞，并結交了朋友。研究表明，擁有強大社交關系的人往往對生活持積極態度，并且比獨居的人長壽的可能性高出50%。)”可知，Laura的例子展示了社交關系對健康長壽的積極影響。故選D。9．詞句猜測題。根據文章第二段“Socialconnectionscaninfluencehealththroughbuffering,wheresupportfromothershelpsusadaptemotionallytochallenges,reducingstress-causedhormonesthatweakentheimmune(有免疫力)system.(社會關系可以通過buffering影響健康，即來自他人的支持幫助我們情感上適應挑戰，減少削弱免疫系統的壓力激素)”可知，減少削弱免疫系統的壓力激素，可以減少有害影響。所以“buffering”意為“減少有害影響”。故選B。10．推理判斷題。根據文章第四段“Rebecaemphasizesthatagebeliefscanbeshifted.Inonestudy,adultswhowroteaboutahealthyolderperson’slifeonceaweekforfourweeksshowedasignificantdeclineinnegativeperceptionsofaging.(Rebeca強調，年齡觀念是可以改變的。在一項研究中，成年人每周寫一次關于健康老年人生活的文章，持續四周后，他們對衰老的負面看法顯著減少)”可推知，Rebeca認為積極心態可以通過練習形成。故選C。11．細節理解題。根據文章第五段“Despitethegrowingelderlypopulation,negativeviewsaboutaginghaveworsened,asisshownbyRebeca’sanalysisofa200-yeardatabaseofover400millionwords.(盡管老年人口不斷增長，但對老齡化的負面看法卻越來越嚴重，正如Rebeca對200年數據庫中超過4億字的分析所顯示的那樣）可知，Rebeca通過分析數據庫了解人們對衰老態度的變化。故選B。12．A13．B14．C15．B【導語】本文是一篇說明文，主要講述了類人猿（如猩猩、黑猩猩、倭黑猩猩和大猩猩）之間的開玩笑行為，研究表明這種行為與人類的幽默有著共同的起源，并且這種行為可能也存在于其他高度社會化的動物中。12．細節理解題。根據文章第一段“Aishatookatoyandwaveditathim.Whenhedidntrespond,Aishawavedthetoyinherdadsfaceandbrusheditacrossthetopofhishead,makingitharderforhimtoignoreher.Finally,hegaveinandwatchedher.Aisha’sbehaviorsuggeststhatgreatapes(類人猿)engageinplayfuteasing(戲弄)justlikehumans(Aisha拿起一個玩具，向父親揮舞。當父親沒有反應時，Aisha把玩具在他面前揮舞，并在他的頭頂上刷過，使他更難忽視她。最終，父親屈服并看著她。Aisha的行為表明，類人猿和人類一樣會開玩笑)”可知，Aisha的行為是開玩笑，是為了有趣地玩耍。故選A。13．主旨大意題。根據文章第三段“Despitelivingindifferentsocialstructuresandenvironments,allfourspeciesofgreatapesteaseoneanotherinsimilarways.(盡管生活在不同的社會結構和環境中，這四種類人猿都以相似的互相開玩笑的方式)”可知，本段主要講述了研究的結果，即不同種類的類人猿以相似的開玩笑方式。故選B。14．細節理解題。根據文章第四段“Whiledoingplayfulteasing,theteaserhastopredictthetarget’sresponseandadjusttheirbehaviorbasedonhowthetargetislikelytorespond.(在進行戲弄時，戲弄者必須預測目標的反應，并根據目標的可能反應調整自己的行為)”可知，開玩笑者會預測目標的反應。故選C。15．主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是第一段“Aisha’sbehaviorsuggeststhatgreatapes(類人猿)engageinplayfulteasing(戲弄)justlikehumansandthattherootsofhumanhumorcangoback1.3millionyearstothecommonancestorsofapesandhumans.(阿伊莎的行為表明，類人猿和人類一樣會開玩笑，而人類幽默的根源可以追溯到130萬年前的類人猿和人類的共同祖先)”可知，文章主要介紹了類人猿（如猩猩、黑猩猩、倭黑猩猩和大猩猩）之間的開玩笑行為，研究表明這種行為與人類的幽默有著共同的起源，并且這種行為可能也存在于其他高度社會化的動物中。所以短文的標題為“開玩笑存在于跨物種之中”。故選B。16．A17．F18．B19．C20．D【導語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了教室環境對學生學習的影響。16．由上文“Asettingfilledwithtoomanythingscanlookuntidy.(一個擺滿太多東西的環境會顯得很凌亂)”可知，上文描述了環境太凌亂，本空應強調環境太凌亂會有不好的影響。A項“Itdistractsstudentsandnegativelyimpactstheiracademicperformance.(它會分散學生的注意力，并對他們的學業成績產生負面影響)”講述了環境太凌亂帶來的后果，能承接上文，符合題意。故選A。17．由下文“Astudent’sworkingmemoryprocessesvisualandverbal(口頭的)information.Toomanyposters,regulations,orinformationsourcescanoverloadastudent’sworkingmemory,makingitdifficulttofocusandprocessinformation.(學生的工作記憶處理視覺和口頭信息。太多的海報、規則或信息來源可能會使學生的工作記憶超負荷，從而難以集中注意力和處理信息)”可知，下文描述了環境里的視覺刺激對學生注意力的影響，本空應強調教室環境的視覺刺激分散學生注意力，F項“Overstimulationintheenvironmentincreasescompetitionforastudent’sattention.(環境中的過度刺激會增加對學生注意力的爭奪)”能夠引起下文，符合題意，故選F。18．由下文“Theaveragepreschoolisoverloadedwithlabels,lists,andrules,whichcandecreasechildren’sabilitytofocusandlearn.(普通的幼兒園里貼滿了標簽、清單和規則，這會降低孩子們專注和學習的能力)”可知，下文舉例說明了普通的幼兒園中教室環境對孩子們專注和學習的能力的影響，本空應強調早期教育階段教室環境，B項“Classroomsoftenbecometextandpicture-richfromearlyeducationlevels.(從早期教育階段開始，教室就常常充滿了文字和圖片)”能夠引起下文，符合題意，故選B。19．上文“Involvingstudentsindesigningtheirlearningspacecangivethemasenseofownershipandpride.(讓學生參與設計他們的學習空間可以給他們一種歸屬感和自豪感)”可知，上文介紹了讓學生參與設計教室的好處，本空應強調老師可以讓學生參與設計教室，C項“Teachersshouldconsiderfeaturingstudentworkstopromotestudentworth.(老師們應該考慮展示學生的作品來提升學生的價值)”能夠承接上文，符合題意，故選C。20．上文“TheInternationalAssociationofColorConsultantsNorthAmericaemphasizestheimportanceofappropriatecolordesignforcreatingconducive(有利的)learningenvironmentsandpromotinghealth.(北美國際色彩顧問協會強調了適當的