廣東省深圳市2024-2025學年八年級下學期開學模擬測試英語練習卷一．完形填空（共1小題）1．（2024秋?羅湖區校級期末）Therewasonceamanwhobuilthisownhouse.From（1）tobottom，hedesignedandbuilteveryinchofhishome.Ittookhimoverayear，butintheend，hehadabeautifulhouseofhisown.Noother（2）inhisneighborhoodlookedlikeitandmanyofhisneighborsadmired（羨慕）it.Butastime（3），hishousestartedtohavesomeproblems.Oneday，aneighborsaid，"Friend，itlookslikeyourfrontyard（前院）isabitovergrown."Themanreplied，"Yes，Iknow.Butit'sokay.I'll（4）thegrasstomorrow."Afewdayslater，amailmancamebywithaletterfortheman.Themailmansaid，"Friend，itlookslikeyourwindowsareabit（5）."Themanreplied，"Yes，Iknow.Butit'sokay.I'llwashthemtomorrow."Weekspassedby.Finally，theman'sbrothercameovertopayavisit.Hetookonelookathisbrother'shouseandcouldn't（6）whathesaw.Theyardwasamess，the（7）onthewallswasfallingdownandthewindowswerecoveredwithdirt.Thehouselookedlikeitcouldfallapartatany（8）﹣allbecausethemanputeverythingoffuntil"（9）".Whenweprocrastinate（拖延），"tomorrow"canturninto"nextweek"oreven"nextyear".It'smuch（10）tojusttakecareofthingstodaythantowaituntilsomeimaginary"tomorrow"thatmightnotactuallycome.（1）A．heightB．widthC．lengthD．top（2）A．houseB．gardenC．neighborsD．people（3）A．wentoutB．wentbyC．wentpastD．wentup（4）A．plantB．waterC．cutD．dry（5）A．oldB．newC．brokenD．dirty（6）A．believeB．discoverC．findD．say（7）A．pictureB．paintC．colorD．window（8）A．secondB．yearC．monthD．week（9）A．yesterdayB．todayC．tomorrowD．nextweek（10）A．worseB．betterC．longerD．shorter二．閱讀理解（共4小題）2．（2024秋?龍崗區校級期末）Atreehasroots.Peoplehaverootstoo，Ifyougettotherootofaproblem，youwillsolveit.It'sthesamethingwithwords.Digdeeplyintoabig，unfamiliarwordandyouwillunderstandwhereitcamefromAsreaders，especiallythosereadinginasecondlanguage，weneedtodealwiththetextasifweweredetectives（偵探）lookingforinformationtounlocktheunknown.Likeanygooddetectivearrivingonthecrimescene，thefirstthingtodowhenmeetinganewanddifficultwordistojudgethesituation，tolookateverythingthatisknownandseeifithelpsustounderstandwhatitmeans.Asyouknow，prefixes（前綴）andsuffixes（后綴）canbeaddedtothebeginningorendofwordstochangethemeaning.Knowthem，andyouwillhavethewordbuildingpower.Butrootwordsarethekey.Taketimetolearnafewofthese，puttheminyourmemory，andyouwillbecomeamasterworddetective.Let'slookatonecommonrootwordusedinEnglish."Alter"fromtheLatinwordmeans"other".Whenyoumeetthisrootword，youknowthatthebiggerwordhassomethingtodowith"other"，Examinetheword"alternate.CanyoufindtheLatinrootinit？Ifyouandyourfriendliketoeatout，firstyoupayandtheotherpaysthenexttime.Youarealternatingpaying.IfyougotothemoviesonalternateSaturdays，yougoononeSaturday，butnottheotherSaturday.Ifyouhavenoalternative，youhavenootherchoice.Learnasmanyrootwordsaspossibleinthelanguageyouarestudying.Thenuseyour"rootingforwords"skills.Likeanynewskill，practiceandhardworkarealwayspaidback.（1）Whatdoestheunderlinedword"it"inparagraph2referto？A．Thesituation.B．Thecrimescene.C．Anewanddifficultword.D．Everythingthatisknown.（2）IfJimandLilygotothemovies，whichonebelowis"alternatingpaying"？A．Theyeachpayhalf.B．Jimpayseverytime.C．Theytaketurnstopay.D．Theirparentspayforthem.（3）Howdoestheauthorexplainhisideasaboutrootwords？A．Bygivingafact.B．Bytakinganexample.C．Bytellingastory.D．Byhavingadiscussion.（4）"Sen"fromtheLatinwordmeans"old".WhichwordusesthisLatinroot？A．Mybrotherismyseniorbytwoyears.B．Hewasillsohewasabsentfromschool.C．Acriminalwassentencedtodeathbylaw.D．60studentswerepresentatthesportsmeeting.（5）Whatshouldyoudoifyouwanttouseyour"rootingforwords"skillswell？A．Youshoulduseyourdictionaryfirst.B．Youshouldpracticeandworkhard.C．Youshouldworkasadetective.D．Youshouldmakemoreexamples.3．（2024秋?龍崗區校級期末）ThecarmakerVolvoannouncedthisweekthatitwouldonlymakeelectricvehicles（車輛）in2030.Volvoisthesecondlargestcarcompanytosayitwillstopmakingtraditionalinternalcombustionengines（傳統內燃機）.InJanuary，AmericancarmakerGeneralMotorssaiditwouldonlymakeelectricvehiclesin2035.HenrikGreenisVolvo'schieftechnologyofficer（首席技術官）.GreensaysthatthefirstreasonforthemovetoelectricvehicleproductionistohelpVolvomeet（滿足）theexpectationsoftheircustomers.Second，thereisnolong﹣termfutureforcarswithtraditionalengines.Third，itwillbeahelpfulwaytofightagainstairpollution.Asgovernmentstrytoreducepollution，morecarmakerslikeVolvoareincreasingproductionofelectricvehicles.IfyouwanttobuyoneoftheseVolvosinaboutnineyears，youwillhavetomakeyourorderonline.YouwillstillbeabletolookatcarsataVolvostorenow.TheVolvostores，whichareknownasdealership（經銷商），willremaininplacesothatcustomerscanlookatcarsandhavethemrepaired.Inmakingtheannouncement，Volvosaysitalsoplanstoshowaneweclecticvehicle.Thecompanyhopesthatinfouryears，halfofitssalesaroundtheworldwillcomefromelectricvehicles.Theotherhalfwillcomefromcarsknownashybridcars.Hybridcarsusemixedpowerofelectricandtraditionalenginetomovethevehicles.Volvosoldabout660，000carsworldwidelastyear.Aroundtheworld，about2﹣and﹣a﹣halfmillionelectricvehiclesweresoldlastyearandanalysts（分析家）expectthattoincreaseby70%in2021.（1）By2030willhavestoppedmakingtraditionalinternalcombustionengines.A．VolvoB．GeneralMotorsC．bothVolvoandGeneralMotorsD．neitherVolvonorGeneralMotors（2）reasonsfortheVolvo'smovetoelectricvehicleproductionarementioned.A．TwoB．ThreeC．FourD．Five（3）WhoisthechieftechnologyofficerofVolvo？A．GeneralMotors.B．Volvo.C．HenrySmith.D．HenrikGreen.（4）HowmanycarsdidVolvosellintheyear2020？A．Aboutsixhundredandsixtythousand.B．Aboutsixmillion.C．About2﹣and﹣a﹣halfmillion.D．About70%oftheyear2021.（5）Whatdoesthewriterwanttotellus？A．Traditionalinternalcombustionwillbemorepopular.B．Thegovernmentdoesn'twanttofightagainstairpollution.C．Volvowillonlymakeelectricvehiclesin2030.D．Volvoisthelargestcarcompanyintheworld.4．（2024秋?羅湖區校級期末）①A64﹣year﹣oldChinesecarpenter's（木工的）traditionalskillshavebecomeverypopularashecreateswoodworkwithnothingmorethanasinglepieceofwood，withoutglues，screws（螺絲）ornails（釘子）.②WangDewen，knownas"GrandpaAmu"onYouTube，hasbeenhonoredwith"themoderndayLuBan"，thankstohiswonderfulcarpentryknowledge.③GrandpaAmu'smostpopularvideo，whichshowshimmakingawoodenbridge，hasspreadwidelyonYouTube，gettingmorethan40millionviews.④"Ifyoudosomething，youhavetoloveit，andyouhavetobeinterestedinit；howeverbeinginteresteddoesn'tmeanthere'sonlyhappinessandnopain."GrandpaAmusharedwheretalkingabouthisexcellentcarpentryskills.⑤GrandpaAmufollowsanancientChinesemortise（卯眼）andtenon（榫）technique，whichmeansnonailsorgluesareusedinthewholeprocessofbuildingthebridge.⑥Themastercarpenterhasalsomadeseveralwoodentoysforhisgrandsonusingthesametechnique.Hisyounggrandson'sfavoritesincludeawalkingPeppaPigandabubbleblowingmachine.Attractingover1.17millionfansonYouTube，GrandpaAmu'svideossofarhavegainedmorethan300millionviews.（1）Whydidtheoldcarpenterbecomefamous？A．Hecreateswoodworkonlywithwood.B．HemakeswoodentoyslikePeppaPig.C．Heisgoodatmakingfunnyvideos.D．Heteachesushowtomakewoodwork.（2）HowmanyviewsdidWangDewen'smostpopularvideoget？A．1，170，000.B．40，000，000.C．300，000，000.D．340，000，000.（3）WhatcanwelearnfromWang'swordsinParagraph4？A．Wecandoeverythingwellifweareinterestedinit.B．Ifweareinterestedinsomething，wemustdoitwell.C．Withonlyinterestandlove，wecandosomethingwelleasily.D．Todosomethingwell，weneedbothinterestandhardwork.（4）Accordingtothepassage，whichofthefollowingisTRUE？A．WangDewenisknownas"GrandmaAmu"onYouTube.B．WangDewenhasgotalotofmoderncarpentryknowledge.C．WangDewenhasmorethan1.17millionfansonYouTube.D．WangDewenhasmadetwowoodentoysforhisgrandson.（5）Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage？A．TraditionalChineseSkillsB．HowtoMakeaWoodenBridgeC．NoPain，NoGainD．TheModernDayLuBan5．（2024秋?羅湖區校級期末）Holdyourhandstogetherandyoufeeltheheatfromthem.Didyouknowthatthisheatcouldbeakindofenergy？AnnMakosinski，agirlfromBritishColumbia，Canada，madeaflashlight（手電筒）thatonlyusestheheatfromyourhandsaspower.Theinventionwontopprizeinlastyear'sGoogleScienceFair's15～16agegroup.Makosinskiwasjust15then.MakosinskihasbeeninterestedinhumanenergysinceGrade6.Shesaidashumans，weproduceheateveryminute.Shewantedtomakeuseofthattolightuptheflashlight.Shefoundakindoftiles（瓷片）.Thesetilesproduceelectricitywhenonesideisheatedandtheothersideiscooled.Shemadetheflashlightemptyandputthetilesbothinsideandoutsideofit.Holdingtheflashlightwithyourhandswouldmakethetilesheatupononeside.Atthesametime，theaircoolsthetilesontheinsideoftheflashlight.TheelectricitythatwasmadebythetileswasenoughforanLEDlight，butitdidnotmakesomuchvoltage（電壓）.Withoutvoltage，flashlightswillnotlightup.Todealwiththeproblem，MakosinskispentmonthsfindinginformationontheInternetanddoingexperimentsathome.Shesaidsometimesshethoughtitwouldneverwork，butsheknew"Youjusthavetokeepgoing".Intheend，shemadeacircuit（電路）byherselfanditworked!Makosinskiisworkingongettingapatent（專利）forherflashlight.（1）WhichofthefollowingisTRUEabouttheflashlight？A．ItwasinventedbyagirlfromBritain.B．Itonlyusestheheatfrompeople'sheads.C．ItwonthesecondprizeinGoogleScienceFair.D．Ithadtilesbothinsideandoutsideofit.（2）HowoldisAnnMakosinskinow？A．13.B．14.C．15.D．16.（3）Whatdoestheunderlinedword"that"referto？A．Aspecialtypeoftiles.B．Electricityproducedbytiles.C．Heatproducedbyhumans.D．2020GoogleScienceFair.（4）HowdidAnnMakosinskidealwiththeproblemofvoltage？A．Sheputtilesinsideandoutsideoftheflashlight.B．Sheheldtheflashlightwithherbothhands.C．Sheworkedhardtomakeacircuitonherown.D．Sheworkedongettingapatentforherflashlight.（5）WhichphrasescanbestdescribeMakosinski？A．Beinggiftedandpretty.B．Helpingscientistswarmly.C．Workingatschoolcarefully.D．Stickingfirmlytoherinterest.三．短文還原（共1小題）6．（2024秋?龍崗區校級期末）A.Thebraincontrolsdopamine（多巴胺）intwoways.B.Itislikeacupoverflowing（溢出）withwater.C.So，whydosomestudentsperformbetterunderstress？D.So，thetruthisthatpracticedoesmakeperfect.E.DopamineisachemicalinourbrainthatsendsinformationtoourbodyF.Isthereanythingthatcanhelpchangethespeedofdopaminegettingintoourbody？Whatisthemoststressfulthinginschool？Itisprobablyexams.Examscanputusunderalotofpressure.Butsomestudentsdowellunderpressure，whileothersfeelterrible.（1）Becauseitallcomesdowntodopamine（多巴胺）（2）Ithasmanyimportantroles，influencingmemory，attentionandhowwelearn.Ourbrainsworkbestwhenthereisanevenbalance（平衡）ofdopamine﹣nottoomuchortoolittle.（3）Iteithertakesoutdopaminequickly，orslowly.Examsuccesscanberelatedtohowfastdopaminegoesbacktoanevenbalance.Whathappenswhenwesitforanexam？Ifyoubecomestressed，yourbrainwillstarttooverload（超負荷）ondopamine.（4）Thequickeryouareabletogobacktoanevenbalanceofdopamine，thequickeryoucanfixyourselfperformbetteronatest.Scientistsfoundthat，duringatest，peoplewhoslowlygotbacktoanevenbalanceofdopaminescored8percentlower.That'sthedifferencebetweenagoodmarkandabadmark.Butdon'tfear，thereissomegoodnews.Thestudyalsofoundthatthemorepracticeyouget，thelessstressedyou'llbe.（5）四．任務型閱讀（共1小題）7．（2022?廣東）請閱讀下面短文，根據所提供的信息，回答5個問題，要求所寫答案語法正確，語義完整切題，并把答案寫在答題卡對應題目的答題位置上。Weallknowdoingexercisemakesushealthy.Butmanyofusdon'tknowwhichisbetter，toexerciseinthedayoratnight.Dr.Yang，afamoussleepdoctor，advisespeopletodooutdoorexerciseforatleast30minutesadayinthedaytime.Dr.Yanghasbeendoingresearchonsportsandsleepforyears.Hefindsoutthatthosewhoexerciseinnaturallightforhalfanhoureverydayhavebettersleepandmoreenergy（能量）.Dr.Yanghimselfgetsupat6：30a.m.Thenheusuallytakesawalkoutside.Sometimes，hewalkshistwodogsintheparkintheafternoonwithhissunglassesleftathome.ManyschoolsputDr.Yang'sfindingsintopractice.Theymadeitarulethatstudentsshoulddooutdoorexerciseonceortwiceaday.Insomeschools，studentsevenformedoutdoorrunningclubs.Aftersometime，moststudentssaidtheybenefited（受益）alotfromoutdoorexercise.Nowtheysleepbetterandconcentrate（集中）moreontheirstudies.Somestudentsarenowthinkingaboutinvitingtheirteacherstojointhemintheirdailyruns.（1）AccordingtoDr.Yang，whenisitbettertoexercise，inthedayoratnight？（2）WhatisDr.Yang'sresearchabout？（3）WhatdoesDr.Yangusuallydoafterhegetsup？（4）Howoftendostudentsdooutdoorexerciseinmanyschools？（5）Whowillsomestudentsinvitetojoinintheirdailyruns？五．書面表達（共1小題）8．（2024秋?龍崗區校級期末）為了展現同學們的英語能力，學校將在下周舉辦英語周系列活動。請你根據學校英語周的活動安排，寫一篇作文，描述各項活動的具體安排。內容必須包括：（1）活動名稱，活動內容，活動時間、地點。（2）參加活動時的注意事項。（3）列舉活動不少于三個。注意：寫作時不能出現學校真實名字。字數80﹣100。EnglishWeekToimproveourEnglishlevelandprovideastageforstudentstoshowtheirEnglishtalents，_________.

參考答案與試題解析一．完形填空（共1小題）1．（2024秋?羅湖區校級期末）Therewasonceamanwhobuilthisownhouse.From（1）Dtobottom，hedesignedandbuilteveryinchofhishome.Ittookhimoverayear，butintheend，hehadabeautifulhouseofhisown.Noother（2）Ainhisneighborhoodlookedlikeitandmanyofhisneighborsadmired（羨慕）it.Butastime（3）B，hishousestartedtohavesomeproblems.Oneday，aneighborsaid，"Friend，itlookslikeyourfrontyard（前院）isabitovergrown."Themanreplied，"Yes，Iknow.Butit'sokay.I'll（4）Cthegrasstomorrow."Afewdayslater，amailmancamebywithaletterfortheman.Themailmansaid，"Friend，itlookslikeyourwindowsareabit（5）D."Themanreplied，"Yes，Iknow.Butit'sokay.I'llwashthemtomorrow."Weekspassedby.Finally，theman'sbrothercameovertopayavisit.Hetookonelookathisbrother'shouseandcouldn't（6）Awhathesaw.Theyardwasamess，the（7）Bonthewallswasfallingdownandthewindowswerecoveredwithdirt.Thehouselookedlikeitcouldfallapartatany（8）A﹣allbecausethemanputeverythingoffuntil"（9）C".Whenweprocrastinate（拖延），"tomorrow"canturninto"nextweek"oreven"nextyear".It'smuch（10）Btojusttakecareofthingstodaythantowaituntilsomeimaginary"tomorrow"thatmightnotactuallycome.（1）A．heightB．widthC．lengthD．top（2）A．houseB．gardenC．neighborsD．people（3）A．wentoutB．wentbyC．wentpastD．wentup（4）A．plantB．waterC．cutD．dry（5）A．oldB．newC．brokenD．dirty（6）A．believeB．discoverC．findD．say（7）A．pictureB．paintC．colorD．window（8）A．secondB．yearC．monthD．week（9）A．yesterdayB．todayC．tomorrowD．nextweek（10）A．worseB．betterC．longerD．shorter【考點】記敘文；日常生活．【答案】DABCDABACB【分析】本文是一篇記敘文，通過一個人建造房子和收拾房子的事來告訴人們做好今天的事，不要拖延和推遲今天要完成的事。【解答】（1）考查名詞。句意：從頂端到底部，他設計并建造他房子的每一寸地方。height高度；width寬；length長；top頂端。fromtoptobottom"從頂端到底部"固定搭配，故選D。（2）考查名詞。句意：他的鄰居沒有一個房子像他的，很多人都羨慕它。house房子；garden花園；neighbors鄰居；people人。后文it指代"房子"，故選A。（3）考查動詞短語。句意：但是，隨著時間的流逝，他的房子出現了一些問題。wentout熄滅、過時；wentby（時間）流逝；wentpast經過；wentup上升。此句主語是time"時間"，所以謂語動詞用goby，故事為過去式，所以用wentby。故選B。（4）考查動詞。句意：我明天會割掉這些草。plant種植；water澆水；cut砍、割；dry烘干。根據"Friend，itlookslikeyourfrontyard（前院）isabitovergrown."，可知，院子的草長得很高，所以他要割掉，用cut。故選C。（5）考查形容詞。句意：朋友，你的窗戶似乎有點臟。old老的；new新的；broken壞的；dirty臟的。根據后文"I'llwashthemtomorrow"可知，他明天要擦洗，所以推斷窗戶臟了，故選D。（6）考查動詞。句意：他看了一眼他哥哥的房子，不能相信他所看到的。believe相信；discover發現；find找到；say說。根據后文"Theyardwasamess"，房子很亂，所以他不敢相信自己看到的一切。故選A。（7）考查名詞。句意：院子里一團糟，墻上的畫掉下來，窗戶被塵土覆蓋著。picture畫；paint油畫；color顏色；window窗戶。picture是可數名字，并且后面系動詞是was（單數），可知此處應該是墻上的油畫。故選B。（8）考查名詞。句意：房子看起來會隨時土崩瓦解，全是因為這個人把每一件事都推遲到明天才去做。second秒；year年；month月；week周。atanysecond"隨時"，固定搭配。故選A。（9）考查名詞。句意：房子看起來會隨時土崩瓦解，全是因為這個人把每一件事都推遲到明天才去做。yesterday昨天；today今天；tomorrow明天；nextweek下一周。根據第七段第一句可知，此處為這個人把一切都拖延到明天去做，故選C。（10）考查形容詞。句意：今天就處理好事情比等到想象中的"明天"到來要好得多。worse更差的；better更好的；longer更長的；shorter更短的。根據句意應該是今天處理好事情比等到明天會更好，故選B。【點評】根據短文大意和語境選擇合適的單詞，并用其正確的形式填入空白處，使補全后的短文意思通順，語法正確，結構完整，注意單詞的適當形式。二．閱讀理解（共4小題）2．（2024秋?龍崗區校級期末）Atreehasroots.Peoplehaverootstoo，Ifyougettotherootofaproblem，youwillsolveit.It'sthesamethingwithwords.Digdeeplyintoabig，unfamiliarwordandyouwillunderstandwhereitcamefromAsreaders，especiallythosereadinginasecondlanguage，weneedtodealwiththetextasifweweredetectives（偵探）lookingforinformationtounlocktheunknown.Likeanygooddetectivearrivingonthecrimescene，thefirstthingtodowhenmeetinganewanddifficultwordistojudgethesituation，tolookateverythingthatisknownandseeifithelpsustounderstandwhatitmeans.Asyouknow，prefixes（前綴）andsuffixes（后綴）canbeaddedtothebeginningorendofwordstochangethemeaning.Knowthem，andyouwillhavethewordbuildingpower.Butrootwordsarethekey.Taketimetolearnafewofthese，puttheminyourmemory，andyouwillbecomeamasterworddetective.Let'slookatonecommonrootwordusedinEnglish."Alter"fromtheLatinwordmeans"other".Whenyoumeetthisrootword，youknowthatthebiggerwordhassomethingtodowith"other"，Examinetheword"alternate.CanyoufindtheLatinrootinit？Ifyouandyourfriendliketoeatout，firstyoupayandtheotherpaysthenexttime.Youarealternatingpaying.IfyougotothemoviesonalternateSaturdays，yougoononeSaturday，butnottheotherSaturday.Ifyouhavenoalternative，youhavenootherchoice.Learnasmanyrootwordsaspossibleinthelanguageyouarestudying.Thenuseyour"rootingforwords"skills.Likeanynewskill，practiceandhardworkarealwayspaidback.（1）Whatdoestheunderlinedword"it"inparagraph2referto？CA．Thesituation.B．Thecrimescene.C．Anewanddifficultword.D．Everythingthatisknown.（2）IfJimandLilygotothemovies，whichonebelowis"alternatingpaying"？CA．Theyeachpayhalf.B．Jimpayseverytime.C．Theytaketurnstopay.D．Theirparentspayforthem.（3）Howdoestheauthorexplainhisideasaboutrootwords？BA．Bygivingafact.B．Bytakinganexample.C．Bytellingastory.D．Byhavingadiscussion.（4）"Sen"fromtheLatinwordmeans"old".WhichwordusesthisLatinroot？AA．Mybrotherismyseniorbytwoyears.B．Hewasillsohewasabsentfromschool.C．Acriminalwassentencedtodeathbylaw.D．60studentswerepresentatthesportsmeeting.（5）Whatshouldyoudoifyouwanttouseyour"rootingforwords"skillswell？BA．Youshoulduseyourdictionaryfirst.B．Youshouldpracticeandworkhard.C．Youshouldworkasadetective.D．Youshouldmakemoreexamples.【考點】說明文；語言/學習．【答案】CCBAB【分析】這篇短文主要講述了在語言學習中，詞根學習的重要性。【解答】（1）代詞指代題。根據第二段Likeanygooddetectivearrivingonthecrimescene，thefirstthingtodowhenmeetinganewanddifficultwordistojudgethesituation，tolookateverythingthatisknownandseeifithelpsustounderstandwhatitmeans.（就像任何到達犯罪現場的好偵探一樣，當遇到一個新的難詞時，首先要做的是判斷情況，看看所有已知的東西，看看它是否有助于我們理解﹣﹣﹣的意思。）聯系前句可猜測出下劃線單詞it應指代的是：新的難詞。故選C。（2）推理判斷題。根據第四段Ifyouandyourfriendliketoeatout，firstyoupayandtheotherpaysthenexttime.Youarealternatingpaying.（如果你和你的朋友喜歡在外面吃飯，你先付錢，然后另一個付錢，你們是輪流付錢。）可推斷出如果吉姆和莉莉去看電影，他們輪流付款就是"交替付費"。故選C。（3）細節推理題。根據第四段Let'slookatonecommonrootwordusedinEnglish."Alter"fromtheLatinwordmeans"other".Whenyoumeetthisrootword，youknowthatthebiggerwordhassomethingtodowith"other"，Examinetheword"alternate.（讓我們看一下英語中常用的一個詞根。拉丁語中的"alter"意思是"other"。當你遇到這個詞根時，你知道更大的詞與"other"有關。）可知，作者通過舉例子來解釋他對詞根的理解。故選B。（4）推理判斷題。根據題干中"Sen"fromtheLatinwordmeans"old".（"Sen"來自拉丁詞，意思是"old"。）可知，A項中，我哥哥比我大兩歲。senior一詞用到了詞根"Sen"。故選A。（5）細節理解題。根據最后一段Learnasmanyrootwordsaspossibleinthelanguageyouarestudying.Thenuseyour"rootingforwords"skills.Likeanynewskill，practiceandhardworkarealwayspaidback.（在你正在學習的語言中盡可能多地學習詞根。然后使用你的"詞根"技能。像任何新技能一樣，練習和努力總是有回報的。）可知如果你想很好地運用你的"詞根"技能，你你應該練習并努力學習。故選B。【點評】通讀全文，理解文章大意，閱讀題目后返回原文閱讀并找出與題目相對應的內容，仔細核對，選擇符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次閱讀并檢查。3．（2024秋?龍崗區校級期末）ThecarmakerVolvoannouncedthisweekthatitwouldonlymakeelectricvehicles（車輛）in2030.Volvoisthesecondlargestcarcompanytosayitwillstopmakingtraditionalinternalcombustionengines（傳統內燃機）.InJanuary，AmericancarmakerGeneralMotorssaiditwouldonlymakeelectricvehiclesin2035.HenrikGreenisVolvo'schieftechnologyofficer（首席技術官）.GreensaysthatthefirstreasonforthemovetoelectricvehicleproductionistohelpVolvomeet（滿足）theexpectationsoftheircustomers.Second，thereisnolong﹣termfutureforcarswithtraditionalengines.Third，itwillbeahelpfulwaytofightagainstairpollution.Asgovernmentstrytoreducepollution，morecarmakerslikeVolvoareincreasingproductionofelectricvehicles.IfyouwanttobuyoneoftheseVolvosinaboutnineyears，youwillhavetomakeyourorderonline.YouwillstillbeabletolookatcarsataVolvostorenow.TheVolvostores，whichareknownasdealership（經銷商），willremaininplacesothatcustomerscanlookatcarsandhavethemrepaired.Inmakingtheannouncement，Volvosaysitalsoplanstoshowaneweclecticvehicle.Thecompanyhopesthatinfouryears，halfofitssalesaroundtheworldwillcomefromelectricvehicles.Theotherhalfwillcomefromcarsknownashybridcars.Hybridcarsusemixedpowerofelectricandtraditionalenginetomovethevehicles.Volvosoldabout660，000carsworldwidelastyear.Aroundtheworld，about2﹣and﹣a﹣halfmillionelectricvehiclesweresoldlastyearandanalysts（分析家）expectthattoincreaseby70%in2021.（1）By2030Awillhavestoppedmakingtraditionalinternalcombustionengines.A．VolvoB．GeneralMotorsC．bothVolvoandGeneralMotorsD．neitherVolvonorGeneralMotors（2）BreasonsfortheVolvo'smovetoelectricvehicleproductionarementioned.A．TwoB．ThreeC．FourD．Five（3）WhoisthechieftechnologyofficerofVolvo？DA．GeneralMotors.B．Volvo.C．HenrySmith.D．HenrikGreen.（4）HowmanycarsdidVolvosellintheyear2020？AA．Aboutsixhundredandsixtythousand.B．Aboutsixmillion.C．About2﹣and﹣a﹣halfmillion.D．About70%oftheyear2021.（5）Whatdoesthewriterwanttotellus？CA．Traditionalinternalcombustionwillbemorepopular.B．Thegovernmentdoesn'twanttofightagainstairpollution.C．Volvowillonlymakeelectricvehiclesin2030.D．Volvoisthelargestcarcompanyintheworld.【考點】說明文；科普知識．【答案】ABDAC【分析】本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹了以沃爾沃為代表的汽車制造商將向電動汽車生產轉型。這不僅僅是為了滿足客戶的需求也是為了對抗空氣污染。【解答】細節理解題。（1）據短文第一段內容：ThecarmakerVolvoannouncedthisweekthatitwouldonlymakeelectricvehiclesin2030.Volvoisthesecondlargestcarcompanytosayitwillstopmakingtraditionalinternalcombustionengines.InJanuary，AmericancarmakerGeneralMotorssaiditwouldonlymakeelectricvehiclesin2035.（汽車制造商沃爾沃本周宣布，它將在2030年只生產電動汽車。沃爾沃是宣布將停止生產傳統內燃機的第二大汽車公司。今年1月，美國汽車制造商通用汽車表示，該公司將只在2035年生產電動汽車。）由此可知，到2030年停止生產傳統內燃機的汽車制造商是沃爾沃。故選A。（2）根據短文第二段內容：GreensaysthatthefirstreasonforthemovetoelectricvehicleproductionistohelpVolvomeettheexpectationsoftheircustomers.Second，thereisnolong﹣termfutureforcarswithtraditionalengines.Third，itwillbeahelpfulwaytofightagainstairpollution.（格林表示，轉向電動汽車生產的第一個原因是幫助沃爾沃滿足客戶的期望。其次，使用傳統發動機的汽車沒有長遠的前景。第三，這將是對抗空氣污染的有效方法。）由此可知，沃爾沃轉向電動汽車生產的原因一共有三個。故選B。（3）根據短文第二段內容：HenrikGreenisVolvo'schieftechnologyofficer.（HenrikGreen是沃爾沃的首席技術官。）由此可知，HenrikGreen是沃爾沃的首席技術官。故選D。（4）根據短文第五段內容：Volvosoldabout660，000carsworldwidelastyear.Aroundtheworld，about2﹣and﹣a﹣halfmillionelectricvehiclesweresoldlastyearandanalystsexpectthattoincreaseby70%in2021.（沃爾沃去年在全球銷售了約66萬輛汽車。去年，全球電動汽車銷量約為250萬輛，分析師預計2021年這一數字將增長70%。）由此可知，短文寫于2021年，因此短文中的lastyear指的就是2020年，通過具體描述可知，沃爾沃2020年在全球銷售了約66萬輛汽車。故選A。（5）根據短文第一段內容：ThecarmakerVolvoannouncedthisweekthatitwouldonlymakeelectricvehiclesin2030.（汽車制造商沃爾沃本周宣布，它將在2030年只生產電動汽車。）由此可知，作者想告訴我們沃爾沃將在2030年只生產電動汽車。故選C。【點評】通讀全文，理解文章大意，閱讀題目后返回原文閱讀并找出與題目相對應的內容，仔細核對，選擇符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次閱讀并檢查。4．（2024秋?羅湖區校級期末）①A64﹣year﹣oldChinesecarpenter's（木工的）traditionalskillshavebecomeverypopularashecreateswoodworkwithnothingmorethanasinglepieceofwood，withoutglues，screws（螺絲）ornails（釘子）.②WangDewen，knownas"GrandpaAmu"onYouTube，hasbeenhonoredwith"themoderndayLuBan"，thankstohiswonderfulcarpentryknowledge.③GrandpaAmu'smostpopularvideo，whichshowshimmakingawoodenbridge，hasspreadwidelyonYouTube，gettingmorethan40millionviews.④"Ifyoudosomething，youhavetoloveit，andyouhavetobeinterestedinit；howeverbeinginteresteddoesn'tmeanthere'sonlyhappinessandnopain."GrandpaAmusharedwheretalkingabouthisexcellentcarpentryskills.⑤GrandpaAmufollowsanancientChinesemortise（卯眼）andtenon（榫）technique，whichmeansnonailsorgluesareusedinthewholeprocessofbuildingthebridge.⑥Themastercarpenterhasalsomadeseveralwoodentoysforhisgrandsonusingthesametechnique.Hisyounggrandson'sfavoritesincludeawalkingPeppaPigandabubbleblowingmachine.Attractingover1.17millionfansonYouTube，GrandpaAmu'svideossofarhavegainedmorethan300millionviews.（1）Whydidtheoldcarpenterbecomefamous？AA．Hecreateswoodworkonlywithwood.B．HemakeswoodentoyslikePeppaPig.C．Heisgoodatmakingfunnyvideos.D．Heteachesushowtomakewoodwork.（2）HowmanyviewsdidWangDewen'smostpopularvideoget？BA．1，170，000.B．40，000，000.C．300，000，000.D．340，000，000.（3）WhatcanwelearnfromWang'swordsinParagraph4？DA．Wecandoeverythingwellifweareinterestedinit.B．Ifweareinterestedinsomething，wemustdoi