杭州二中2024學年第一學期高二年級期中考英語試卷本試卷分為第Ⅰ卷（選擇題）和第Ⅱ卷（非選擇題）兩部分，共150分，考試時間120分鐘。第Ⅰ卷選擇題（共95分）第一部分聽力（共兩節，滿分30分）做題時，先將答案標在試卷上。錄音內容結束后，你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉涂到答題紙上。第一節（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.Whatwillthespeakersprobablydonext?A.Cookathome.B.Exploreastreet.C.Eatout.2.Whichdeskisthemangoingtobuy?A.Theonewithtwodrawers.B.Theonewiththreedrawers.C.Theonewithtwopenholders.3.Howdoesthewomandescribehermove?A.Stressful.B.Smooth.C.Unexpected.4.Wherearethespeakers?A.Inabank.B.Inabookstore.C.Inapostoffice.5.Whatarethespeakersdiscussing?A.Acourse.B.Aninstrument.C.Asport.第二節（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽下面一段對話，回答第6、7題。6.WhatdoesSimonathinkoftherankings?A.Highlyreliable.B.Alittleunfair.C.Veryexciting.7.Whichcityhasanefficienttransportsystem?A.SanFrancisco.B.London.C.Tokyo.聽下面一段對話，回答第8至10題。8.Whatarethespeakersabouttodo?A.Haveameeting.B.Takeacoffee.C.Writeareport9.HowdoesPhiffeelnow?A.Frightened.B.Disappointed.C.Anxious.10.WhatshouldEmilyvalue?A.Effectivemunication.B.Timeconsciousness.C.Teamwork.聽下面一段對話，回答第11至13題。11.Whenisthesendoffparty?A.OnMondayevening.B.OnFridayevening.C.OnSaturdayevening.12.Wherewillthepartybeheld?A.AtSusan’splace.B.AtPeter’splace.C.Attheman’splace.13.Whydoesthemandecidetobeabsentfromwork?A.Togotraveling.B.Tocontinuehisstudy.C.Toenjoycitylife.聽下面一段對話，回答第14至17題。14.Whatdoesthemando?A.Ahost.B.Adoctor.C.Aguest.15.WhatisAlice’sunmonability?A.Linkingemotionsandwords.BConnectingcolorswithwords.C.Expressingemotionswithcolors.16.WhatdoweknowaboutAliceandherbrother?A.Theycan’trecognizecolorscorrectly.B.Theyarebornwiththesamecondition.C.Theyfeelthesameaboutthesamecolor.17.HowdoesAlicesoundintheend?A.Depressed.B.Optimistic.C.Confused.聽下面一段獨白，回答第18至20題。18.Whatdoesthemangivethespeechfor?A.Tointroducethesalesandmarketingdirector.B.Tocongratulatetheemployeesontheirachievement.C.Toexpresshisgratitudeforeveryone’shardwork.19.Whatwillthelistenersreceivetoday?A.MorevacationdaysB.Threenewproducts.C.Anextrapayment.20.Whatisthespeakermostproudof?A.Theteamworkoftheemployees.B.Thedevelopmentoftheirproduct.C.Theperformanceoftheteam.第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節，滿分50分）第一節（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題紙上將該項涂黑。ABeautifulGuatemalaisalandrichindiversityandculturalheritage.Whetheryouhopetosummitavolcano,hikethroughthejungleorexploreancientruins,Guatemalawillnotdisappoint.TikalNationalParkTikalNationalParkisaUNESCOWorldHeritageSiteandoneofthemostfamousplacesinGuatemala.Tikalcoversanestimated46miles(around74km)andisoneofthemostextraordinaryarchaeologicalsitesinCentralAmerica.Itishere,centuriesago,thattheancientMayancivilisationboomed.Chichicastenango“Chichi,”asit’sknownbythelocalKichepopulation,hoststhelargestmarketinCentralAmerica.ThetownesaliveonThursdaysandSundayswhenvendors(小販)efromsurroundingareastodisplaytheirgoods.Themarketburstswithvariedcoloursandalivelyatmosphere,stockingeverythingfromvividlycoloredclothtotraditionalcarvedwoodenmasks.GuatemalaCityBrightlygraffitied(涂鴉)wallslinethebusystreetsinGuatemalaCitywhereyou’llfindtrendystores,relaxingbars,anddiverseartgalleries.MakesuretocheckoutLaEsquina,anindoorfoodmarketwithsomeofthebestfoodstallsinthecity.TheMuseoPopolVuhisaleadingmuseumintheworldofMayanart.HereyouwillbeabletospendacoupleofhoursappreciatingtheincredibleandprehensivecollectionofMayanaswellascolonialart.AcatenangoVolcanoVolcanoAcatenangotowersalmost4,000metresabovethesurroundinglandscapejustoutsideAntigua.Thehiketothesummitofthisvolcanoisoneofthetoughest,yetmostpopular,inGuatemala.Notonlywillyougettoappreciatethebreathtakingviews,butyouwillalsohaveabird’seyeviewofthenearby(andextremelyactive)VolcanFuego.1.What’sthebestchoiceforsomeoneinterestedinMayanhistory?A.TikalNationalPark. B.Chichicastenango.C.GuatemalaCity. D.AcatenangoVolcano.2.WhatdoweknowaboutGuatemalaCity?A.IthoststhelargestmarketinCentralAmerica.B.Itisaperfectdestinationforartlovers.C.Youcanbuyvividclothandmasksthere.DMuseoPopolVuhisagreatfoodmarket.3.WhatisspecialaboutAcatenangoVolcano?A.AbirdviewofGuatemalaCity.B.ThehighesttowerinGuatemala.C.Thehiketothevolcanosummit.D.Itisanextremelyactivevolcano.【答案】1.A2.B3.C【解析】【導語】這是一篇應用文。文章介紹了擁有豐富文化遺產的拉丁美洲國家Guatemala一些著名景點。【1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據本文關于TikalNationalPark的介紹段最后一句“Itishere,centuriesago,thattheancientMayancivilisationboomed.(幾個世紀前，古瑪雅文明就是在這里繁榮起來的)”可知，古瑪雅文明曾在這里繁榮，因此如果游客對瑪雅歷史感興趣，可以去這個國家公園。故選A項。【2題詳解】推理判斷題。根據本文關于GuatemalaCity的介紹段最后一句“HereyouwillbeabletospendacoupleofhoursappreciatingtheincredibleandprehensivecollectionofMayanaswellascolonialart.(在這里，你可以花幾個小時欣賞瑪雅人和殖民地藝術的難以置信而全面綜合的收藏品)”可知，這個地方有很多藝術作品，因此對熱愛藝術的人，這是旅游絕佳目的地。故選B項。【3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據本文關于AcatenangoVolcano的介紹段第二句“Thehiketothesummitofthisvolcanoisoneofthetoughest,yetmostpopular,inGuatemala.(攀登這座火山的頂峰是Guatemala最艱難但也是最受歡迎的徒步旅行之一)”可知，攀登該火山頂峰是最艱難，也是最受歡迎的徒步旅行，因此可推測這也是該火山最特殊的地方。故選C項。BI’veworkedinthefactoriessurroundingmyhometowneverysummersinceIgraduatedfromhighschool,butmakingthetransitionbetweenschoolandfulltimebluecollarworkduringthebreaknevergetsanyeasier.Forastudentlikemewhoconsidersanyclassbeforenoontobeuncivilized,gettingtoafactoryby6o’clockeachmorningistorture.MyfriendsneverseemtounderstandwhyI’msorelievedtobebackatschoolorthatmysummervacationhasbeenanythingbutavacation.There’refewpeopleasselfconfidentasacollegestudentwhohadneverbeenoutintherealworld.Peoplemyagealwaysseemtooverestimatethevalueoftheirtimeandknowledge.Infact,alltheclassesdidnotpreparemeformybattleswiththemachineIranintheplant,whichwouldjamwheneverIabsentmindedlyputinapartbackwardorupsidedown.Themoststressfulthingaboutbluecollarlifeisknowingyourjobcoulddisappearovernight.Issueslikedownsizingandoverseasrelocation(遷移)hadalwaysseemeddistanttomeuntilmycoworkerstoldmethattheunitIwasworkinginwouldshutdownwithinsixmonthsandmovetoMexico,wherepeoplewouldworkfor60centsanhour.Afterworking12hourshiftsinafactory,theotheropinionshavebeeonlytooclear.WhenI’mbackattheuniversity,skippingclassesandturninginlazyrewritesseemstooirresponsibleafterseeingwhatIwouldbedoingwithoutschool.Alltheadviceandpublicserviceannouncementsaboutthevalueofaneducationthatusedtosoundstale(陳腐的)nowringtrue.TheselessonsI’mlearning,howevervaluable,arealwaysmixedwithasenseofguilt.ManypeoplepasstheirlivesintheplacesIbrieflywork,spending30yearswhereIspendonlytwomonthsatatime.“Thisjobpayswell,butit’shellonthebody,”saidonecoworker.“Studyhardandkeepreading,”sheadded.MyexperiencesinthefactorieshaveinspiredmetomakethemostofmycollegeyearsbeforeIentertherealworldforgood.4.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofhissummerdayswhileatcollege?A.Theybroughthimnothingbuttorture.B.Theywerenoholidayforhimatall.C.Theywerearelieffromhishardworkatschool.D.Theyofferedhimachancetoknowmorepeople.5.Whatdoestheauthorsayaboutcollegestudents?A.Theyexpecttoomuchfromtherealworld. B.Theyhavemuchinterestinwhitecollarlife.C.Theyarenotconfidentoftheirfuture. D.Theythinktoohighlyofthemselves.6.Inwhatimportantwayhastheauthor’sworkexperiencechangedhim?A.Helearnedtobemorepractical. B.Hecametorespectbluecollarworkers.C.Hecametoappreciatehiscollegeeducation. D.Hegotasenseofguiltforhissocialpractice.7.Whydoestheauthorfeelsomewhatguilty?A.Hehasnotdonemuchtohelphiscoworkersatthefactory.B.Helooksdownuponthemechanicalworkattheworkingplace.C.Hehasstayedatschooljustforthepurposeofescapingfromtherealworld.D.Herealizesthereisagreatdividebetweenhislifeandthatofbluecollarworkers.【答案】4.B5.D6.C7.D【解析】【導語】這是一篇夾敘夾議文。作者通過介紹假期打工的經歷，談論了打工的經歷使他更加珍惜大學的時光，開始理解大學教育的意義。【4題詳解】細節理解題。根據第一段中“MyfriendsneverseemtounderstandwhyI’msorelievedtobebackatschoolorthatmysummervacationhasbeenanythingbutavacation.(我的朋友們似乎從來不明白為什么我回到學校會如此欣慰，或者為什么我的暑假根本不是一個假期)”可知，作者認為他大學時的暑假根本不是假期。故選B。【5題詳解】細節理解題。根據第二段中“There’refewpeopleasselfconfidentasacollegestudentwhohadneverbeenoutintherealworld.Peoplemyagealwaysseemtooverestimatethevalueoftheirtimeandknowledge.(很少有人像大學生那樣自信，但他們從來沒有接觸過現實世界。我這個年紀的人似乎總是高估自己時間和知識的價值)”可知，作者認為大學生對自己評價過高。故選D。【6題詳解】推理判斷題。根據第四段中“WhenI’mbackattheuniversity,skippingclassesandturninginlazyrewritesseemstooirresponsibleafterseeingwhatIwouldbedoingwithoutschool.Alltheadviceandpublicserviceannouncementsaboutthevalueofaneducationthatusedtosoundstale(陳腐的)nowringtrue.(在看到了不上學會做什么之后，當我再次回到大學，逃課和馬馬虎虎提交改寫的作業的行為就似乎太不負責任了。所有關于教育價值的建議和公共服務公告，過去聽起來很陳舊，但現在聽起來很真實)”以及最后一段“MyexperiencesinthefactorieshaveinspiredmetomakethemostofmycollegeyearsbeforeIentertherealworldforgood.(我在工廠的經歷激勵著我，在我進入真正的世界之前，我要充分利用我的大學時光)”可知，作者的打工經歷使他開始理解大學教育的意義，從而改變了他。故選C。【7題詳解】推理判斷題。根據倒數第二段中“TheselessonsI’mlearning,howevervaluable,arealwaysmixedwithasenseofguilt.ManypeoplepasstheirlivesintheplacesIbrieflywork,spending30yearswhereIspendonlytwomonthsatatime.(我學到的這些教訓，無論多么寶貴，總是夾雜著一種內疚感。許多人在我短暫工作的地方度過了他們的一生，在那里度過了30年，而我一次只呆了兩個月。)”和同事所說“Thisjobpayswell,butit’shellonthebody,(這份工作薪水不錯，但卻很累人)”可推斷，作者感到內疚是因為他意識到他的生活和藍領工人的生活有很大的差距。故選D。CWhenyouseesomeonetakethatfirstsipoffreshlymademilktea,theirfaceslooklikepurejoy.Acrosstheworld,customersflocktotheirfavoritespotstomeetwithfriendsandsavorsipsofthesetastydrinks.Intheearly2000s,though,milkteawasjustingonthescene.Thefewbrandsthatearnedafootholdintheindustrywereconcerned:Wouldmilkteajustbeanotherfad(一時風尚)food?Andwithsomuchnewexcitementforthisproduct,wouldpeoplebeabletodistinguishmilkteapanies?ThesewerethequestionsthatSerenitea,aManilabasedmilkteapany,facedin2014.Whilesuccessfullyopening60stores,theyfoundthemselvesinastrategicfog.Unsureofwhatconsumerstrulyfelttowardsthedrink,theyofferedasmanyflavorsaspossible.Theyalsohadnocleardefinitionofhowtheyweredistinct—theirbrandpromise,productline,andproductpackagingallseemednearlyidenticaltotheirpetitors.Howcouldtheydefinethemselves,inawaythatwoulddeeplyresonate?LikeAirbnb,Sereniteapartneredwithanagency,CIABootlegManila,whichspecializesindrillingdowntothedeepconsumer“why”.Theagencyconductedaseriesofpsychologicalbasedmarketresearch.Specifically,theyprobedtheconsumer’sdeeper,emotionalconnectionstomilktea,includingtheirearliestchildhoodmemoriesofmilkandtea.Theirresearchrevealedthatmilkteatriggeredthreeconsistentpsychologicalresponses.Peopleconnectedtomilkthroughtheconceptofnurturing;theyfondlyrememberedtheirchildhoodandbeingcaredforbytheirmothers.Nextconsumersconnectedteatoitshealingproperties;respondentswouldrecallreceivingteawhentheyhadindigestionproblemsorseeingtheirparentsdrinkingherbalteaforhealthreasons.Lastly,theyassociatedmilkteaitselfwithteenagefun:aguiltypleasureoftheiryouth.Theyhaduncoveredthethreepsychologicalcornerstonesofthemilkteaexperience:nurturing,healing,andteenagefun.Thissetofinsightswascrucial.Byincludingthemintothecoreoftheirbrandstrategy,theychartedanentirelynewpath.8.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“earnedafoothold”meaninParagraph2?A.Madeanadjustment. B.Wonaposition.C.Losttheinitiative. D.Achievedabreakthrough.9.WhatwasSerenitea’smainconcernin2014?A.Beingconfusedwithotherbrands. B.Therapidgrowthofmilkteabrands.C.Thepossibilityofmilkteacatchingon. D.Fallingbehindthechangingconsumertastes.10.WhatdidCIABootlegManilaspecializein?A.Productpackagingdesign. B.Marketexpansionstrategies.C.Analysisofcustomerpsychology. D.Flavorinnovationanddevelopment.11.Whichcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.ANewPathtoBusinessSuccess B.ThreeCornerstonesofMilkTeaC.SharingthePureJoyofMilkTea D.RevealingMilkTeaPsychology【答案】8.B9.A10.C11.D【解析】【導語】這是一篇說明文，文章講述了Serenitea這個奶茶品牌在發展過程中遇到的挑戰，以及他們如何通過深入研究消費者心理，找到了品牌的獨特定位，從而開辟了一條全新的發展道路。【8題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據下文“ThesewerethequestionsthatSerenitea,aManilabasedmilkteapany,facedin2014.Whilesuccessfullyopening60stores,theyfoundthemselvesinastrategicfog.(這些都是馬尼拉奶茶公司Serenitea在2014年面臨的問題。雖然成功地開了60家店，但他們發現自己陷入了戰略迷霧)”可知，馬尼拉奶茶公司Serenitea雖然已經開了60家店，在奶茶行業成功立足，但它仍然充滿擔憂。由此推知，“馬尼拉奶茶公司Serenitea”是對劃線詞所在句中“Thefewbrandsthatearnedafootholdintheindustry”的舉例說明，其意為“為數不多的在這個行業站穩腳跟的品牌”，后置定語從句“thatearnedafootholdintheindustry”中“earnedafoothold”的意思是“贏得了一席之地；站穩腳跟”，即“Wonaposition”。故選B。【9題詳解】推理判斷題。根據第二段中“Andwithsomuchnewexcitementforthisproduct,wouldpeoplebeabletodistinguishmilkteapanies?ThesewerethequestionsthatSerenitea,aManilabasedmilkteapany,facedin2014.(伴隨著這款產品帶來的如此多的新興奮點，人們能否區分開奶茶公司呢？這些是馬尼拉一家奶茶公司Serenitea在2014年所面臨的問題)”和第三段中“Theyalsohadnocleardefinitionofhowtheyweredistinct—theirbrandpromise,productline,andproductpackagingallseemednearlyidenticaltotheirpetitors.Howcouldtheydefinethemselves,inawaythatwoulddeeplyresonate?(他們也不清楚自己究竟有何獨特之處——他們的品牌承諾、產品線和產品包裝似乎都與競爭對手幾乎一模一樣。他們究竟該如何界定自身，才能引起消費者的強烈共鳴呢？)”可推知，Serenitea在2014年的主要擔憂是自身品牌與其他奶茶品牌沒有區分度，容易混淆。故選A。【10題詳解】細節理解題。根據第四段中“LikeAirbnb,Sereniteapartneredwithanagency,CIABootlegManila,whichspecializesindrillingdowntothedeepconsumer‘why’.Theagencyconductedaseriesofpsychologicalbasedmarketresearch.Specifically,theyprobedtheconsumer’sdeeper,emotionalconnectionstomilktea,includingtheirearliestchildhoodmemoriesofmilkandtea.(像Airbnb一樣，Serenitea與一家名為CIABootlegManila的機構合作，該機構專門研究深入探究消費者的‘為什么’。該機構進行了一系列以心理為基礎的市場調查。具體來說，他們探究了消費者與奶茶更深層次的情感聯系，包括他們童年對牛奶和茶的最早記憶)”可知，CIABootlegManila進行了一系列以心理為基礎的市場調查，專門深入探究消費者的心理。故選C。【11題詳解】主旨大意題。根據全文內容，結合第四段中“Theagencyconductedaseriesofpsychologicalbasedmarketresearch.Specifically,theyprobedtheconsumer’sdeeper,emotionalconnectionstomilktea,includingtheirearliestchildhoodmemoriesofmilkandtea.Theirresearchrevealedthatmilkteatriggeredthreeconsistentpsychologicalresponses.(該機構進行了一系列以心理為基礎的市場調查。具體來說，他們探究了消費者與奶茶更深層次的情感聯系，包括他們童年對牛奶和茶的最早記憶。他們的研究表明，奶茶會引發三種一致的心理反應)”可知，文章主要說明了奶茶背后心理學原理的發現和揭示過程，按照時間順序展開，從出現問題到尋求解決，最終找到答案。故D項“揭示奶茶心理”最符合文章標題。故選D。DElephantsarethelargestlandmammalsonEarth,andunderstandingthembettercouldleadtobigscientificbreakthroughsinscience.Bothdelicateandstudy,elephanttrunks(象鼻)cangraspasingleleafbutcanalsocarrynearly600pounds.Scientiststhinkthattheyareanincredibleinspirationforthenextgenerationofbioinspired(仿生)robots.Byconductingahighresolutionmotioncaptureanalysisofelephants’trunks,researchersfoundelephantshaveasetofsimplemovementsthattheycanintegratefreelytohandleobjectsofvariousshapesandsizes.Forexample,elephantsusesuction(吸力)topickuplightweightobjects.However,topickupheavierthings,theyusesuctiontosecurethepositionoftheobjectsandtrunkwrappingtoholdandliftthings.“It’snotthewholetrunkthatislengtheningorshortening—it’sdifferentparts,relyingonwhattheelephantisdoing,”saidMilinkovitch,professorofthephysicsofbiologyattheUniversityofGeneva,Switzerland.ResearchersalsoperformedCTscansandMRIsonthetrunkofadeadelephant.Theyusedhighresolutioncamerastocreatea3Dmodelofatrunk,allowingthemtobetterunderstandthestructureofanelephant’smusclegroups,skinandconnectivetissues.Thestudydatawillbeusedtohelpdesignaninnovative“soft”roboticarm.“Thedataisexceptional,butnowtheeffortistotranslatethisbiologicaldataintosomeengineeringspecifications,”Milinkovitchsaid.“Weneedtoextractsomesimplifyingprinciplesthatcanmaketherobot’sbehaviorsimpleenoughtobeeffectiveandadaptabletochanges.”Theprojectisalsofuelingadvancementsinmaterialscience,asresearchershavedevelopedanewmaterialsimilartotheusefulpropertiesofelephantskinandcanbe3Dprintedforroboticprototypes(原型).Thenewmaterialsmaybemercializedforawiderangeofuses.12.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“study”inparagraphlprobablymean?A.Strong. B.Broad. C.Sensitive. D.Rough13.Howdoesanelephanthandledifferentobjects?A.Bysecuringthepositionoftheseobjectsatfirst.B.Bybiningsuctionwithtrunkmovementsflexibly.C.Bysuckingthemwithallthestrength.D.Bystretchingitstrunkbasedonthings’sizes.14.Whydoresearcherstranslatethebiologicaldata?A.Totestthesafetyoftheroboticarm. B.Toupgradetheappearanceoftherobot.C.Toimprovethebehavioroftherobot. D.Tostudythestructureofmuscletissues.15Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?A.ElephantTrunks:TheTheoryofMovementinRoboticsB.ElephantTrunks:TheInspirationforSoftRoboticsC.“Soft”RoboticArms:AnInnovationin3DprintedRobotsD.“Soft”RoboticArms:AMajorBreakthroughinMaterialScience【答案】12.A13.B14.C15.B【解析】【導語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了象鼻的功能及其對軟體機器人設計的啟發。【12題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據劃線詞后文“elephanttrunks(象鼻)cangraspasingleleafbutcanalsocarrynearly600pounds(象鼻既能抓住一片葉子，也能搬運近600磅的重物)”可知，象鼻既敏銳又強壯，是強壯的。因此“sturdy”在此處應理解為“強壯的”。故選A。【13題詳解】細節理解題。根據第二段“Forexample,elephantsusesuction(吸力)topickuplightweightobjects.However,topickupheavierthings,theyusesuctiontosecurethepositionoftheobjectsandtrunkwrappingtoholdandliftthings.(例如，大象用吸力來撿起輕的物體。然而，為了拿起較重的東西，它們使用吸力來固定物體的位置，并使用軀干包裹來固定和抬起東西)”可知，大象通過靈活結合吸力和象鼻的動作來處理不同的物體。故選B。【14題詳解】細節理解題。根據第三段“Weneedtoextractsomesimplifyingprinciplesthatcanmaketherobot’sbehaviorsimpleenoughtobeeffectiveandadaptabletochanges.(我們需要提取一些簡化原則，使機器人的行為足夠簡單，能夠有效地適應變化)”可知，研究人員轉化生物數據是為了改進機器人的行為，使其更有效并適應變化。故選C。【15題詳解】主旨大意題。根據第一段“Scientiststhinkthattheyareanincredibleinspirationforthenextgenerationofbioinspired(仿生)robots.(科學家們認為他們對下一代仿生機器人有著不可思議的啟發)”可知，文章主要介紹了象鼻的功能及其對軟體機器人設計的啟發。所以短文的最佳標題為B選項“象鼻：軟體機器人的靈感來源”。故選B。第二節（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）根據短文內容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Beingstudious(好學的)isn’tjustaboutspendinghourswithyournoseinabook—it’saboutdevelopingamindsetthatmakeslearningexcitingandrewarding.Whilestudiouspeopledoprioritizetheirstudies,theyalsounderstandtheimportanceofbalanceandstayingmotivated.___16___Byembracingthisapproach,youcanstaymittedtoyourstudieswithoutlosingthejoyoflearning.Makesmallimprovements.Tostaymotivatedduringyourworktobeestudious,youshouldn’tthinkyou’vefailedifyoudidn’tgofromhavingaCaveragetoanAaverage.___17___Whenitestobeingstudiousandfeelingmotivatedtosucceed,it’sbettertomakegradualprogressratherthanriskbeingdisappointedandlosingmotivation.___18___Getastudybuddyorstudygroup.Thoughworkingwithapartneroragroupdoesn’tworkforeveryone,youshouldconsidermixingitupandworkingtobestudiouswithothers,sometimes.Youcanlearnalotfromworkingwithotherpeople,andtheycanhelpkeepyoufocusedandontrack.___19___And,youcangainmasteryofasubjectaftertryingtoteachittoyourfriends.Considerthisstudytechniquethenexttimeyouhitthebooks.___20___Thoughyoumaythinkstudiouspeopleneverhavefun,it’sactuallyveryimportanttoremembertorelaxandtakeabreakeveryonceinawhile.Ifyou’reonlyfocusedonyourstudies,thenyou’llfeelburnedoutandlikeyou’reunderalotofpressuretokeepup.Instead,rewardyourselfforstudyingbymakingtimeforyourfriends,yourhobbies,orevensomemindlessactivities.Takingbreaksforfunwillactuallyleadyoutoenjoythelearningexperiencemorewhenyoureturntoit,andwillhelpyoubeestudious.A.Remembertohavefun.B.Rewardyourselfforyourhardwork.C.pareyourprogresstoyourself,notothers.D.Youmayalsofindthatyoulearnmorefromaclosefriendthanfromateacher.E.Ifyouwanttotrulybestudious,youhavetostopparingyourselftootherpeople.F.Instead,youshouldbeproudofyourselffrommovingfromaCtoaBminus,andsoon.G.Achievingthisbalanceinvolvesmakingsteadyprogress,collaboratingwithothers,andtakingtimetorelax.【答案】16.G17.F18.C19.D20.A【解析】【導語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要就如何成為真正好學之人提出了一些建議。【16題詳解】根據上文“Whilestudiouspeopledoprioritizetheirstudies,theyalsounderstandtheimportanceofbalanceandstayingmotivated.(雖然好學的人會優先考慮他們的學習，但他們也明白平衡和保持動力的重要)”可知，上文強調了平衡和保持動力的重要性，本句承接上文并引出下文內容的話，根據后文“Byembracingthisapproach,youcanstaymittedtoyourstudieswithoutlosingthejoyoflearning.(通過采用這種方法，你可以繼續致力于你的學習，而不會失去學習的樂趣)”可知本句主要說明了保持平衡的方法。故G選項“達到這種平衡需要穩步進步，與他人合作，花時間放松”符合語境，故選G。【17題詳解】根據上文“Tostaymotivatedduringyourworktobeestudious,youshouldn’tthinkyou’vefailedifyoudidn’tgofromhavingaCaveragetoanAaverage.(為了在工作中保持學習的動力，如果你的平均成績沒有從C上升到A，你不應該認為你失敗了)”可知，本句與陳述遇到這種情況應該怎樣正確看待。故F選項“相反，你應該為自己從C升到B而感到自豪，以此類推”符合語境，故選F。【18題詳解】根據上文“Whenitestobeingstudiousandfeelingmotivatedtosucceed,it’sbettertomakegradualprogressratherthanriskbeingdisappointedandlosingmotivation.(說到勤奮好學和有動力去成功，與其冒著失望和失去動力的風險，不如循序漸進)”可知，本句強調了逐步取得進步的重要性，C選項與上文形成了補充關系，進一步強調了不要與他人比較，要關注自己的進步，故C選項“把你的進步和自己比較，而不是和別人比較”符合語境，故選C。【19題詳解】根據上文“Getastudybuddyorstudygroup.Thoughworkingwithapartneroragroupdoesn’tworkforeveryone,youshouldconsidermixingitupandworkingtobestudiouswithothers,sometimes.Youcanlearnalotfromworkingwithotherpeople,andtheycanhelpkeepyoufocusedandontrack.(找一個學習伙伴或學習小組。雖然與伙伴或團隊一起工作并不適合每個人，但有時你應該考慮將其混合起來，與他人一起努力學習。你可以從與其他人一起工作中學到很多東西，他們可以幫助你保持專注和正軌)”可知，本段主要強調了從同伴那里學習。故D選項“你可能還會發現，你從親密的朋友那里學到的東西比從老師那里學到的要多”符合語境，故選D。【20題詳解】根據后文“Thoughyoumaythinkstudiouspeopleneverhavefun,it’sactuallyveryimportanttoremembertorelaxandtakeabreakeveryonceinawhile.Ifyou’reonlyfocusedonyourstudies,thenyou’llfeelburnedoutandlikeyou’reunderalotofpressuretokeepup.Instead,rewardyourselfforstudyingbymakingtimeforyourfriends,yourhobbies,orevensomemindlessactivities.Takingbreaksforfunwillactuallyleadyoutoenjoythelearningexperiencemorewhenyoureturntoit,andwillhelpyoubeestudious.(雖然你可能認為好學的人從來沒有樂趣，但事實上，記住放松一下，偶爾休息一下是非常重要的。如果你只專注于學習，那么你會感到筋疲力盡，就像你在很大的壓力下要跟上一樣。相反，你可以花時間和朋友、愛好，甚至是一些不需要動腦的活動來獎勵自己的學習。當你重新開始學習的時候，為了娛樂而休息會讓你更享受學習的過程，并且會幫助你變得好學)”可知，本段主要強調了學習之余也要玩得開心，給自己放松的時間。故A選項“記得要玩得開心”符合語境，故選A。第三部分語言運用（共兩節，滿分30分）第一節完形填空（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題紙上將該項涂黑。Forkids,washingdishesisn’taboringjob.Standingatthesinkwithwaterdrippingdownontotheirbarefeetwasafunwaytowashdishesformychildrenwhentheywere___21___.Iwouldpullachairuptothesinkforthemtostandinandthenfillitwithwarmwaterand___22___littlethingstheycouldwashto___23___themselves.WhileIdidtherestofthe___24___,bubblesandgiggleswereeverywhere.However,astheygotolder,the___25___becameachore(家務),andtheir___26___disappeared.Myhusbandhelpedaroundthehousealot,buthehatedtodothedishes,sothiswasonechorehe___27___altogether.Oneday,Iaskedmyson,whowasabouttenyearsold,towashthedishes.___28___,heresistedattherequest.WhenI___29___,hesaiditwasawoman’sjob.Later,Iapproachedmyhusbandaboutthis____30____incident,andhesaid,“Well,Iguessit’stimeformetostarthelpingwiththedishes.”Thatnightaftersupper,heputononeofmyaprons(圍裙)andstarteddoingthedishes.Myhusbandinvitedoursonto____31____him.Afterthat,oursonhadnoproblemtakinghis____32____withtheotherkids.Thiswasoneofthosemomentsthatmadea____33____toourson.Yes,menwashdishes;daddemonstrateshisloveand____34____withtheirmom.Helpingandlovingeachotherdoesnotgo____35____intheeyesofchildrenwhoarelearningtodeveloptheirrelationships.21.A.free B.little C.naughty D.silly22.A.provide B.buy C.invent D.store23.A.relieve B.challenge C.evaluate D.entertain24.A.housework B.business C.experiment D.mitment25.A.trick B.situation C.game D.scene26.A.innocence B.enthusiasm C.genius D.potential27.A.encouraged B.criticized C.avoided D.delayed28.A.Strangely B.Hopefully C.Amusingly D.Naturally29.A.insisted B.denied C.quitted D.hesitated30.A.curious B.familiar C.unpleasant D.unusual31.A.push B.join C.observe D.guide32.A.turn B.time C.place D.chance33.A.eback B.statement C.promise D.mistake34A.appointment B.petition C.journey D.partnership35.A.unchanged B.unfinished C.undecided D.unnoticed【答案】21.B22.A23.D24.A25.C26.B27.C28.D29.A30.C31.B32.A33.B34.D35.D【解析】【導語】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了兒子長大后不愿意洗碗，父親以身作則，展示了父母之間的愛和伙伴關系。【21題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：當我的孩子們還小的時候，站在水池邊，讓水滴到他們的腳上，這是一種很有趣的洗碗方式。A.free自由的；B.little小的；C.naughty淘氣的；D.silly愚蠢的。根據后文“astheygotolder”可知，講述的是孩子小的時候。故選B。【22題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我會拉把椅子到水槽邊，讓他們站在上面，然后往里面倒溫水，給他們一些可以洗的小東西，讓他們自娛自樂。A.provide提供；B.buy購買；C.invent發明；D.store儲存。根據后文“littlethingstheycouldwash”指給孩子提供小的東西去洗。故選A。【23題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我會拉把椅子到水槽邊，讓他們站在上面，然后往里面倒溫水，給他們一些可以洗的小東西，讓他們自娛自樂。A.relieve緩解；B.challenge挑戰；C.evaluate評估；D.entertain娛樂。根據后文“giggleswereeverywhere”可知，孩子們會自娛自樂。故選D。【24題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當我做剩下的家務時，到處都是泡沫和笑聲。A.housework家務；B.business生意；C.experiment實驗；D.mitment承諾。根據上文“Forkids,washingdishesisn’taboringjob.(對孩子們來說，洗碗不是一件無聊的工作)”可知，指作者做剩下的家務。故選A。【25題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，隨著年齡的增長，游戲變成了一件苦差事，他們的熱情消失了。A.trick詭計；B.situation情況；C.game游戲；D.sc