2024級高一上期12月階段性學業反饋英語本卷共10頁，分為第Ⅰ卷（選擇題）和第Ⅱ卷（非選擇題）兩部分，滿分150分，考試時間120分鐘。注意事項：1.答題前，務必將自己的姓名、考籍號填寫在答題卡規定的位置上。2.答選擇題時，必須使用2B鉛筆將答題卡上對應題目的答案標號涂黑，如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其它答案標號。3.答非選擇題時，必須使用0.5毫米黑色簽字筆將答案書寫在答題卡規定的位置上。4.所有題目必須在答題卡上作答，在試題卷上答題無效。5.考試結束后，只將答題卡交回。第Ⅰ卷（共95分）第一部分聽力（共兩節，每小題1.5分，滿分30分）第一節聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標在試卷的相應位置。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時問來回答有關小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1WhatdoweknowaboutJanet?A.Sheisalwayslate.B.Sheforgotanappointment.C.Shewenttoawrongstore.2.Whatdoesthemanreporttothewoman?AApowerfailure.B.Ablockedstreet.C.Afallentree.3.Whydoesthemanwanttogotothelibrary?A.Toborrowbooks.B.Toreturnbooks.C.Tomeetafriend.4.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Theputersystem.B.Thewoman’snewjob.C.Thewoman’sworkmates.5.Howdoesthewomansound?A.Annoyed.B.Impatient.C.Anxious.第二節聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Wherearethespeakersplanningtogo?A.Asubwaystation.B.Atheater.C.John’splace.7.Whatdoesthewomanoffertodo?A.Booktickets.B.CallJohn.C.CollectJohn.聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8.Whatmakesthemanqualifiedfortheposition?A.Hisinterestinteaching.B.Hisacademicbackground.C.Hispreviousworkexperience9.Whatextrabenefitdoesthewomanmention?A.Muchfreetime.B.Careerdevelopment.C.Flexiblehours.聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Atarestaurant.B.Atahotel.C.Atasupermarket.11.WhatproblemdoesHaroldmention?A.Thelateorder.B.Thewrongdelivery.C.Theoverchargeonthereceipt.12Whatwillthewomanprobablydonext?A.Makeatelephonecall.B.RefundHarold’smoney.C.PrepareanewbillforHarold.聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.Whatisthemandoing?A.Hostingashow.B.Givingalecture.C.Conductingadebate.14.HowmanyprizesdidSilviawinbeforetheYoungWriter’sAward?AOne.B.TwoC.Three.15.HowdidSilvia’sparentshelpwithherwriting?A.Theysenthertowritingclasses.B.Theytaughthertowritestories.C.Theystartedherreadingfromherchildhood.16.WhydoesSilviawanttostudypsychologyinuniversity?A.Tomakemoremoney.B.Tohaveabackupcareer.C.Tosucceedasawriter.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.Whatwasthemainreasonforthespeakertostartstreetperforming?A.Tomakealiving.B.Tobeatstagefright.C.Tobeefamous.18.Wheredidthespeakerstartstreetperforming?A.Inhishometown.B.Inabigcity.C.Inanearbytown.19.Howdidthespeaker’scareergetstarted?A.Byrecordinghisfirstsingle.B.Bypartneringwithanothermusician.C.Byjoiningabandasasingersongwriter.20.Whatisthespeaker’sattitudetowardshiscareer?A.Positive.B.Proud.C.Confused.第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節，滿分50分）第一節（共15題：每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項（A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。AVolunteerbysupportingalocalanimalrescuecenterinCostaRica!Ifyoulikeanimalsandarealsointerestedinpreservingtheenvironment,youwillbeperfectforthisprogram.Youwillbehelpingoutinandsupportingalocalanimalshelter.Notonlydoesthissheltertakeinhomelessanimals,butalsowildanimalswhichareinbadcondition.Inadditiontothecaretakingoftheanimals,volunteershelpuswelevisitorsattheentranceandansweranyquestionsthatvisitorsmayhaveabouttheshelteroritsanimals.Asvolunteersspendmoredaysintheshelter,knowledgeaboutwildlifemanagementwillgrow.Requirements*Youneedtobeatleast15yearsoldontheprogramstartdateatthehighschoollevelorabove.*SpeakingEnglishisabasicrequirement.*Norestrictionsonnationality.HelpinghandsbothinCostaRicaandbeyondarewele.*Yourhelpinghandwillberequiredfrom09:00to15:00onMonday,Tuesday,Wednesday,Thursday,SaturdayandSunday.ProgramfeesDurationProgramfees1week(minimumstay)$3502weeks$7003weeks$1,0504weeks$1,4005weeks$1,75050weeks(maximumstay)$17,500*Bookingpayments(15%):Thebookingpaymentissimplytoreserveyourvolunteerplacement.PaymentismadebyPayPal.Youcanalsopayusingacreditcard.*Finalpayments(85%):YourfinalpaymentwillbeagreedwithVolunteerNowCostaRicaduringtheapplicationprocess.1.Whatcanavolunteerdointherescuecenter?A.Searchforhomelessanimals. B.Givelecturesaboutanimals.C.Gettrainedtoplaceanimals. D.municatewithvisitors.2.Whocanvolunteerintheprogram?A.AlocalpersonfreeonlyonFridays. B.A19yearoldcollegestudentfromAmerica.C.Aprimaryschoolchild. D.AFrenchspeakingadult.3.Howmuchshouldavolunteerpayatleasttomakeabooking?A.$105. B.$52.5 C.$350. D.$297.5.【答案】1.D2.B3.B【解析】【導語】本文是一篇應用文。文章主要介紹了如何申請支持哥斯達黎加當地動物救援中心的志愿者。【1題詳解】細節理解題。根據第二段“Inadditiontothecaretakingoftheanimals,volunteershelpuswelevisitorsattheentranceandansweranyquestionsthatvisitorsmayhaveabouttheshelteroritsanimals.(除了照顧動物外，志愿者還幫助我們在入口處歡迎游客，并回答游客可能對收容所或動物的任何問題)”可知，志愿者在救援中心可以與游客溝通。故選D項。【2題詳解】推理判斷題。根據Requirements中“*Youneedtobeatleast15yearsoldontheprogramstartdateatthehighschoollevelorabove. *

SpeakingEnglishisabasicrequirement.*

Norestrictionsonnationality.(*您需要在課程開始日期至少15歲，高中或以上水平。*會說英語是基本要求。*國籍不限)”可知，一位來自美國的19歲大學生可以參加這個項目。故選B項。【3題詳解】細節理解題。根據Programfees中“1week(minimumstay)$350(1周（最少停留）350美元)”以及“Bookingpayments(15%)(預訂費用（15%）)”可知，志愿者至少要付350×15%=52.5美元，才能預約。故選B項。BHanselEnmanuel,a19yearoldbasketballplayer,hasdrawnattentionaftervideosspreadquicklyshowinghisawesomeskills,likemaking3pointshotsanddunking(灌籃)withease.Allwithjusthisrightarm.Itlooksalmosteffortlesswhenheplays.However,it’snot.Itneverhasbeen.Enmanuelwas6whenhewasclimbingawall.Itfelloverhim,bricksandblocksonhisleftarm.Hewasrushedtothehospital,butthedoctorcouldn’tsavehisarmanditwascutoffseveralinchesbelowtheshoulder.ItwasadarktimeforEnmanuelandhisfamily.Slowly,thingsgotbetterforthelittleboy.Hestillremembersthefirsttimehetiedhisshoes.Just7,Enmanuelwaswaitingforhismothertodoitforhim,butshewasbusycooking.“Iwaslike,nevermind,I’mgoingtostart,”hesaidinarecentinterview.“Itoldmyselfletmetry.Iwastrying.ThenImadeit.”“SoIwasexcited,excitedlikecrazy,”headded.Smallthingsbecamehugevictories.Monthsafterthat,Enmanueltriedbasketball,too.Butit’snotaneasypath.Hismissingarmlefthimlackingbalance.Everytimehetriedtorun,he’dcrashtotheground,fallingondebris(碎片)coveredacrossthecourtsheplayedon.Thesefallslefthimwithnumerousscars(疤痕).Intheinterview,Enmanuelpointedtothescarafterscardownthelengthoftheleg,remindersofahardtimethathasbroughthimtoexcellenceinbasketballskills.Enmanuelfirstdunkedat14,anditwasn’tlongbeforehispopularitygrewwiththeviewsonhisvideos.Butitwasn’tthehighlightvideosthatinterestedhiscoach,CoreyGipson.HelikedEnmanuel’sattitudeandthewayhecarriedhimselfonthecourt.“Hanselisaverytoughperson,”Gipsonsaid.“Whenyouseehimonthefloor,youjustseeanunstoppableforcethatdoesn’ttakeanythingforgranted(理所應當).”“I’mnotspecial,”Enmanuelsaid.“I’mnotdifferentthannobody.TheonlydifferenceisthatI’vegotonearm,butthat’snotdifferent.”4.WhatfirstencouragedEnmanueltorecoverfromtheaccident?A.Thehelpfromhisdoctor. B.Managingtotiehisshoes.C.Videosonhisshotsanddunking. D.Theattentionfromhismother.5.Enmanuelpointedtoscarsonhislegmainlytoshowhis______.A.success B.health C.efforts D.petence6.WhatinterestedEnmanuel’scoachmost?A.Hisresponsetodifficulties. B.Hisgreatsenseofbalance.C.Hisconfidenceonthecourt. D.Hispopularityonsocialmedia.7.Whatdoesthestoryintendtotellus?A.Hewholaughslastlaughsbest.B.Don’tjudgeabookbyitscover.C.Nothingisimpossibletoawillingheart.D.Youcanmakeadifferencebybeingdifferent.【答案】4.B5.C6.A7.C【解析】【導語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了19歲的獨臂男孩HanselEnmanuel用右臂展示了他出色的三分球投籃和輕松灌籃的技術，這使他在網上迅速走紅。他的成就是他在經過無數次摔倒后仍然努力練球所換來的。這個故事告訴我們：有志者事竟成。【4題詳解】細節理解題。根據第三段中“Hestillremembersthefirsttimehetiedhisshoes.Just7,Enmanuelwaswaitingforhismothertodoitforhim,butshewasbusycooking.“Iwaslike,nevermind,I’mgoingtostart,”hesaidinarecentinterview.“Itoldmyselfletmetry.Iwastrying.ThenImadeit.”“SoIwasexcited,excitedlikecrazy,”headded.(他還記得第一次系鞋帶的情景。伊曼紐爾才7歲，正在等他的母親為他做飯，但她正忙著做飯。“我當時想，沒關系，我要開始了，”他在最近的一次采訪中說道。“我告訴自己讓我嘗試一下。我正在嘗試。然后我就成功了。”“所以我很興奮，興奮得發瘋，”他補充道)”可知，Enmanuel第一次設法系好了鞋帶，這是第一次促使他從事故中恢復過來，故選B。【5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據倒數第二段中“Everytimehetriedtorun,he’dcrashtotheground,fallingondebris(碎片)coveredacrossthecourtsheplayedon.Thesefallslefthimwithnumerousscars(疤痕).Intheinterview,Enmanuelpointedtothescarafterscardownthelengthoftheleg,remindersofahardtimethathasbroughthimtoexcellenceinbasketballskills.(每次他試圖跑起來時，他都會摔倒在地，落在他所打球的球場上覆蓋的碎片上。這些跌倒給他留下了無數疤痕。在采訪中，恩曼紐爾指著腿上一道又一道的傷疤，讓人想起正是這段艱難的時光讓他取得了卓越的籃球技術。)”可知，Enmanuel嘗試打籃球時很努力，一次次摔倒給他留下了很多疤痕。由此推知，Enmanuel指著自己腿上的傷疤主要是為了表明他為打籃球所付出的努力。故選C。【6題詳解】推理判斷題。根據最后一段中“Butitwasn’tthehighlightvideosthatinterestedhiscoach,CoreyGipson.HelikedEnmanuel’sattitudeandthewayhecarriedhimselfonthecourt.“Hanselisaverytoughperson,”Gipsonsaid.“Whenyouseehimonthefloor,youjustseeanunstoppableforcethatdoesn’ttakeanythingforgranted(理所應當).”(但令他的教練科里·吉普森感興趣的并不是精彩視頻。他喜歡恩曼紐爾的態度和他在球場上的表現。“漢塞爾是一個非常堅強的人，”吉普森說。“當你看到他在場上時，你就會看到一種不可阻擋的力量，不會認為任何事情都是理所當然的。”)”可知，教練喜歡Enmanuel的態度和在球場上的表現，即他很堅強，有一種不可阻擋的力量來戰勝困難。由此推知，令教練對Enmanuel感興趣的是他應對困難的反應。故選A。【7題詳解】推理判斷題。通讀全文，尤其是第一段“HanselEnmanuel,a19yearoldbasketballplayer,hasdrawnattentionaftervideosspreadquicklyshowinghisawesomeskills,likemaking3pointshotsanddunking(灌籃)withease.Allwithjusthisrightarm.Itlooksalmosteffortlesswhenheplays.However,it’snot.Itneverhasbeen.(9歲的籃球運動員漢塞爾·恩曼紐爾(HanselEnmanuel)在視頻迅速傳播后引起了人們的關注，他展示了他出色的三分球投籃和輕松灌籃的技術。全部只用他的右臂。當他演奏時，看起來幾乎毫不費力。然而，事實并非如此。而且從來不是這么輕松)”和倒數第二段中“Butit’snotaneasypath.Hismissingarmlefthimlackingbalance.Everytimehetriedtorun,he’dcrashtotheground,fallingondebris(碎片)coveredacrossthecourtsheplayedon.Thesefallslefthimwithnumerousscars(疤痕).Intheinterview,Enmanuelpointedtothescarafterscardownthelengthoftheleg,remindersofahardtimethathasbroughthimtoexcellenceinbasketballskills.(但這并不是一條容易的路。他失去的手臂使他失去平衡。每次他試圖逃跑時，他都會摔倒在地，落在他所打球的球場上覆蓋的碎片上。這些跌倒給他留下了無數疤痕。在采訪中，恩曼紐爾指著腿上一道又一道的傷疤，讓人想起正是這段艱難的時光讓他取得了卓越的籃球技術)”可知，19歲的獨臂男孩HanselEnmanuel用右臂展示了他出色的三分球投籃和輕松灌籃的技術，這使他在網上迅速走紅。事實上，這并不像視頻中看起來這么輕松，這是他在經過無數次摔倒仍然努力練球所換來的成就。由此推知，這個故事告訴我們只要想做就能成功，即有志者事竟成。故選C。CAdaptationandinnovation(創新)oftraditionaloperaisanimportanttrendinChineseoperacircleinrecentyears.Inordertoattractyoungaudienceofnewgenerationandcatchupwiththetime,traditionaloperacirclemakeseffortstocreatenewworks.Inrecentyears,traditionaloperahaseacrossthechangeoftimeandsociety.Itgraduallylostthemainelderlyaudienceandwasnotattractivefortheyoung.Inordertofindnewopportunities,usingmodernsound,lightanddigitalstageeffects,China’straditionalPekingOpera,alsoknownasjingju,isappealingtoyoungpeopleinafashionableandinnovativeway,astheclassicartfacesanagingaudience.ThecenturiesoldTianleyuanTheaterinBeijinghasintroducedfashionableperformancesofPekingOpera.Theoperabinesinstrumentalmusic,vocalperformance,mime(啞劇表演),danceandacrobatics(雜技).Tianleyuanhasajingjuartexperiencesectionandfashionableperformances.Ithasattractedmorethan2,000audiencemembers,mostlyyoungpeople,accordingtotheaterstaff.“Goodartshouldkeeppacewiththetimes,sodoesjingju,”saidZhangZishang,a22yearoldperformerofTheDrunkenBeauty,oneoftheclassicjingjuplaysperformedinthetheater.“Ifeeltoday’sperformanceisveryspecial,”Zhangadded.Shewasbornintoafamilyofjingjuperformersandhashad10yearsofstageexperience.“Innovationisgood,butwemustalsocarryonthebasicelementsofjingju,”anotheryoungperformerDengsaid.AccordingtoDeng,innovationisperhapsthebestwayforjingjutodealwiththeproblemofanagingaudience.Ithasmadesuccessfulattemptstobinejingjuwithlocaloperaformssuchasballetwhenorganizingperformancesabroad.“Innovationcanhelptraditionalartsgofurther.Wearehappytoseemanyyoungfaces,andsomeofthemevenetwicetoexperiencethe‘new’art,”sheadded.8.Whyisadaptationandinnovationoftraditionaloperaimportant?A.Torunafterfashion. B.Toattracttheyoungaudience.C.Toimprovedigitalstageeffect. D.Tochangethetraditionaloperacircle.9.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeTianleyuanTheater?A.AdestroyerofPekingOpera. B.Anobjectorofmodernopera.C.Apioneerofinnovativeopera. D.Adefenderoftraditionalopera.10.What’sDeng’sattitudetotheinnovationofjingju?A.Worthless. B.Objective. C.Favourable. D.Indifferent.11.Whichonecanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.TheTraditionalOperaIsDyingOutB.TheFutureoftheTraditionalOperaIsPromisingC.ThePerformersoftheTraditionalOperaAreSupportingJingjuD.TraditionalOperaCircleIsInnovatingtoAttractYoungAudience【答案】8.B9.C10.C11.D【解析】【導語】本文是一篇新聞報道。文章主要報道了傳統戲曲界在進行創新嘗試，以順應時代潮流，吸引年輕觀眾。【8題詳解】細節理解題。根據第一段中“Adaptationandinnovation(創新)oftraditionaloperaisanimportanttrendinChineseoperacircleinrecentyears.Inordertoattractyoungaudienceofnewgenerationandcatchupwiththetime,traditionaloperacirclemakeseffortstocreatenewworks.(對傳統戲曲的改編和創新是近年來中國戲曲界的一個重要趨勢。為了吸引新一代的年輕觀眾，跟上時代的步伐，傳統戲曲界努力創作新的作品)”可知，對傳統戲曲進行改編和創新的重要意義在于吸引年輕觀眾。故選B項。【9題詳解】推理判斷題。根據第三段“ThecenturiesoldTianleyuanTheaterinBeijinghasintroducedfashionableperformancesofPekingOpera.Theoperabinesinstrumentalmusic,vocalperformance,mime(啞劇表演),danceandacrobatics(雜技).(有著百年歷史的北京天樂園戲院引進了時尚的京劇表演。戲曲結合了器樂、聲樂、啞劇、舞蹈和雜技)”和第四段中“Tianleyuanhasajingjuartexperiencesectionandfashionableperformances.(天樂園設有京劇藝術體驗區和時尚演出區)”可知，天樂園戲院對京劇表演做出創新，融合多種元素，對演出類型進行細分。這表明該戲院在創新戲曲方面走在前列。故選C項。【10題詳解】推理判斷題。根據最后一段中“AccordingtoDeng,innovationisperhapsthebestwayforjingjutodealwiththeproblemofanagingaudience.(鄧認為，創新或許是京劇應對觀眾老齡化問題的最佳方式)”和Deng所說的話“Innovationcanhelptraditionalartsgofurther.Wearehappytoseemanyyoungfaces,andsomeofthemevenetwicetoexperiencethe‘new’art(創新可以幫助傳統藝術走得更遠。我們很高興看到許多年輕的面孔，其中一些人甚至來兩次體驗“新”藝術)”可知，鄧認可創新幫助京劇解決觀眾老齡化問題的作用，看到了創新可以幫助京劇走得更遠。由此可知，她對京劇創新是贊成的。故選C項。【11題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是第一段中“Adaptationandinnovation(創新)oftraditionaloperaisanimportanttrendinChineseoperacircleinrecentyears.Inordertoattractyoungaudienceofnewgenerationandcatchupwiththetime,traditionaloperacirclemakeseffortstocreatenewworks.(對傳統戲曲的改編和創新是近年來中國戲曲界的一個重要趨勢。為了吸引新一代的年輕觀眾，跟上時代的步伐，傳統戲曲界努力創作新的作品)”可知，文章主要報道了傳統戲曲界在進行創新嘗試，以順應時代潮流，吸引年輕觀眾。因此，D項“傳統戲曲界創新吸引年輕觀眾”最契合文章主旨，適合作為文章標題。故選D項。D“Consumersplainthatthemoderntomatohaslittleflavor.It’slikeawaterbomb,”saidSanwenHuang,whoworksattheAgriculturalGenomicsInstituteatShenzhenattheChineseAcademyofAgriculturalSciences.“Tomatofarmerscareaboutyield,andthegeneticvariantsrelatedtoyieldarenotrelatedtotastytomatofavors.”Howcanfarmersditchthisunpleasantthingandrecovertherich,sweetflavorofthetomato?Tofindout,Huangandcolleaguesinvestigatedwhichgenesarerelatedtotomatoes’taste.Thescientistscreateda100persongroupthatsampled160tomatoesbasedonsensoryqualities.Basedonthegroup’sfeedback,theresearchersidentifieddozensofchemicalpounds(化合物)thatcouldberelatedtothetomato’staste.Usingastatisticalmodelthatdeterminedtheconcentrationofvariouschemicalsinthetomatoes,thescientistsidentified33mostimportantflavorpounds.Theresearchersthenmeasuredthecontentofthemineachofthetomatoes,andidentifiedabout250geneticloci(基因座)thatcontrolledtomatoflavor.Thisfindingrevealedthegeneticbasisoftomatoflavor.Buttheresearchersalsowantedtodeterminewhystoreboughttomatoesdon’ttastegood.Itturnsoutthatmoderntomatovarietiesareselectedaccordingtoqualitiessuchasbigsizebecausebuyerspreferlargefruit,andfirmnessbecauseitmakestomatoeseasiertoship.Meanwhile,thequalityofflavorhasbeenignored,saidtheresearchers.Volatiles(揮發性物質),inparticular,areessentialforgoodflavor.Theremovalofspecificvolatilesfromtomatoesresultsinsignificantreductioninpeople’sliking.Moreover,refrigerationcanchangeatomato’svolatilepounds.“Butthereishopeforafuturefilledwithtasty,newvarietiesofstoreboughttomatoes,asourresultsprovidearoadmapforimprovementofflavor.Byworkingtogether,geneticists,biochemists,farmersandcustomerscanprovidebetterflavoredtomatoesforoursociety.”Huangsaid.12.Howdoestheauthorpresentthestudyinparagraph2?A.Bygivingadefinition. B.Bylistingfigures.C.Byanalyzingthecause. D.Bymakingaparison.13.Whatisthemainideaofparagraphs34?A.Thereasonswhystoresfavorsuchtomatoes.B.Somequalitiesconsumerspreferinbuyingtomatoes.C.Theimportanceofvolatilesindecidingtomatoflavor.D.Thereasonswhystoreboughttomatoeshavelittleflavor.14.WhichofthefollowingstatementswillHuangprobablyagreewith?A.Thestoreboughttomatoeshaveapromisingfuture.B.Yieldrelatedgeneticvariantsprovidetastytomatoes.C.Theirresearchhaschangedatomato’svolatilepounds.D.Farmersandcustomerscancertainlyprovidebetterflavoredtomatoes.15.What’sthepurposeofthetext?A.Topersuadereaderstobuytomatoes.B.Tointroducethehighyieldingtomatoes.C.Toprovestoreboughttomatoesaretasteless.D.Toinformreadersoftheresearchabouttomatoflavors.【答案】12.B13.D14.A15.D【解析】【導語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了研究人員就現在的西紅柿沒什么味道進行了研究。【12題詳解】推理判斷題。根據第二段中“Tofindout,Huangandcolleaguesinvestigatedwhichgenesarerelatedtotomatoes’taste.Thescientistscreateda100persongroupthatsampled160tomatoesbasedonsensoryqualities.Basedonthegroup’sfeedback,theresearchersidentifieddozensofchemicalpounds(化合物)thatcouldberelatedtothetomato’staste.Usingastatisticalmodelthatdeterminedtheconcentrationofvariouschemicalsinthetomatoes,thescientistsidentified33mostimportantflavorpounds.Theresearchersthenmeasuredthecontentofthemineachofthetomatoes,andidentifiedabout250geneticloci(基因座)thatcontrolledtomatoflavor.(為了找到答案，黃和他的同事研究了哪些基因與西紅柿的味道有關。科學家們創建了一個100人的小組，根據感官質量對160個西紅柿進行采樣。根據研究小組的反饋，研究人員確定了幾十種可能與西紅柿味道有關的化合物。利用一個統計模型來確定西紅柿中各種化學物質的濃度，科學家們確定了33種最重要的風味化合物。然后，研究人員測量了每個西紅柿的含量，并確定了大約250個控制西紅柿風味的基因座。)”可知，作者在第二段中通過列舉數字的方式來介紹研究，故選B。【13題詳解】主旨大意題。根據第三段中“Buttheresearchersalsowantedtodeterminewhystoreboughttomatoesdon’ttastegood.(但是研究人員也想知道為什么商店里買的西紅柿不好吃。)”和第四段“Volatiles(揮發性物質),inparticular,areessentialforgoodflavor.Theremovalofspecificvolatilesfromtomatoesresultsinsignificantreductioninpeople’sliking.Moreover,refrigerationcanchangeatomato’svolatilepounds.(尤其是揮發性物質，對于美味是必不可少的。去除西紅柿中的特殊揮發物會導致人們對西紅柿的喜愛程度顯著下降。此外，冷藏可以改變番茄的揮發性化合物。)”可知，第三段和第四段主要介紹了商店購買的西紅柿沒有什么味道的原因。故選D。【14題詳解】推理判斷題。根據最后一段““Butthereishopeforafuturefilledwithtasty,newvarietiesofstoreboughttomatoes,asourresultsprovidearoadmapforimprovementofflavor.Byworkingtogether,geneticists,biochemists,farmersandcustomerscanprovidebetterflavoredtomatoesforoursociety.”Huangsaid.(“但是，我們希望未來能夠充滿美味的新品種的商店購買的西紅柿，因為我們的研究結果提供了一個改善風味的路線圖。通過合作，遺傳學家、生物化學家、農民和消費者可以為我們的社會提供口味更好的西紅柿。”黃說。)”可知，從黃說的話可知，未來商店買來的西紅柿口味會更好，由此可推知，黃可能贊同未來商店買的西紅柿會很受歡迎，即未來商店買的西紅柿會有光明的前途。故選A。【15題詳解】推理判斷題。通讀全文，尤其是第二段中“Howcanfarmersditchthisunpleasantthingandrecovertherich,sweetflavorofthetomato?Tofindout,Huangandcolleaguesinvestigatedwhichgenesarerelatedtotomatoes’taste.(農民怎樣才能擺脫這種令人不快的東西，恢復西紅柿豐富而甜美的味道呢？為了找到答案，黃和他的同事研究了哪些基因與西紅柿的味道有關。)”和第三段中“Buttheresearchersalsowantedtodeterminewhystoreboughttomatoesdon’ttastegood.(但是研究人員也想知道為什么商店里買的西紅柿不好吃。)”可知，文章主要介紹了研究人員就現在的西紅柿沒什么味道進行了研究，由此可推知，文章的目的是為了告知讀者有關西紅柿風味的研究。故選D。第二節（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）根據短文內容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。TheInternetcancausealotofangerwhenitdoesn’tworkproperly.____16____InternetaccesswasfirstgiventoastronautsbyNASAfiveyearsago,____17____ButconnectionspeedsfromtheInternationalSpaceStationare“worsethandialup(撥號上網)”,theastronautScottKellysaidonTwitter,asocialnetworkingservice.ThisisbecausetheInternetconnectioninspaceesfromanetworkofsatellites(衛星)—thesamesatellitesthatNASAengineersonthegroundusetomunicatewithastronautsontheInternationalSpaceStation,accordingtoTheAtlantic.ThereisalotoftechnologyontheInternationalSpaceStation,ofcourse.____18____Well,thinkaboutthedistancethatdatahastotravel.Whenanastronautclicksonawebsiteinspace,thatrequestfirsttravelstoanetworkofsatellitesfarawayfromthestation.Thisnetworkis22,000miles(35,405km)awayfromEarth,furtherawaythanthestationitself.Thesatellitesthensendthesignal(信號)downtoareceiveronthegroundbelow,anditdealswiththerequestbeforereturningitsreplyalongthesamepath.Thismeansthat,____19____,thesignalisslowtogofromspacetoEarthsotheInternetrunsslowly.However,inthefuturetheInternetislikelytoimproveforastronautsasNASAchangestolaser(激光)—basedsystems.Already,engineershavesentahighdefinition(高清的)videofromtheInternationalSpaceStationtothegroundonalaserbeam(光束).It’sa“muchfaster”waytosenddata,____20____,NASAsaid.Don’tworryifyouwanttobeanastronaut,then—bythetimeyougetintospacetheInternetmightbefaster!A.astheysaiditwouldhelpimprovetheirqualityoflifeinspaceandmakethemfeellesslonely.B.Buthaveyouthoughtabouthowdifficultitistouseinspace?C.whichhasmadeitconvenienttoworkinspaceD.Sowhatmakestheconnectionsoslowparedwithbroadband(寬帶)Internetspeedsontheground?E.eventhoughtheconnectiononthegroundisfastF.andonethatshowsthepossibilitiesforthe“futureofmunicationstoandfromspace”G.everyonewouldliketoworkinspace【答案】16.B17.A18.D19.E20.F【解析】【導語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了宇航員在國際空間站上網的挑戰，包括慢速連接的原因及未來激光技術的潛力。【16題詳解】由上文“TheInternetcancausealotofangerwhenitdoesn’tworkproperly.(當互聯網不能正常工作時，它會引起很多憤怒)”和下文“InternetaccesswasfirstgiventoastronautsbyNASAfiveyearsago(五年前，NASA首次為宇航員提供互聯網接入)”、“ButconnectionspeedsfromtheInternationalSpaceStationare“worsethandialup(撥號上網)”,theastronautScottKellysaidonTwitter,asocialnetworkingservice.(但國際空間站的連接速度“比撥號上網還差”，宇航員斯科特·凱利在社交網絡服務推特上說)”可知，句子應承接因特網無法良好運行引發不滿的問題，引入具體用網的背景，即宇航員在太空中首次獲得因特網連接的情景，以展開后續討論太空中使用網絡的困難和現狀。因此，這里需要一個句子來點明網絡在太空中的使用現狀和困難。B選項“Buthaveyouthoughtabouthowdifficultitistouseinspace?(但你有沒有想過在太空中使用它有多難？)”能承上啟下，符合題意。故選B。【17題詳解】由上文“InternetaccesswasfirstgiventoastronautsbyNASAfiveyearsago(五年前，NASA首次為宇航員提供互聯網接入)”可知，這里需要補充的是NASA為宇航員提供互聯網接入的目的。A選項“astheysaiditwouldhelpimprovetheirqualityoflifeinspaceandmakethemfeellesslonely.(正如他們所說，這將有助于提高他們在太空中的生活質量，讓他們感覺不那么孤獨)”解釋了NASA提供互聯網給宇航員的原因，能承接上文，符合語境。故選A。【18題詳解】由下文“Whenanastronautclicksonawebsiteinspace,thatrequestfirsttravelstoanetworkofsatellitesfarawayfromthestation.Thisnetworkis22,000miles(35,405km)awayfromEarth,furtherawaythanthestationitself.Thesatellitesthensendthesignal(信號)downtoareceiveronthegroundbelow,anditdealswiththerequestbeforereturningitsreplyalongthesamepath.(當宇航員在太空中點擊一個網站時，這個請求首先會發送到遠離空間站的衛星網絡。這個網絡距離地球22000英里（35405公里），比空間站本身還要遠。然后，衛星將信號發送到地面以下的接收器，接收器處理請求后，再沿著相同的路徑返回回復)”可知，太空中的互聯網信號傳輸距離遠，過程復雜，是對信號傳輸緩慢原因的解釋，本空應對信號傳輸緩慢原因進行提問，引出下文對此的解釋。D選項“Sowhatmakestheconnectionsoslowparedwithbroadband(寬帶)Internetspeedsontheground?(那么，與地面上的寬帶互聯網速度相比，是什么導致連接速度如此緩慢呢？)”能引出下文對信號傳輸緩慢原因的解釋，符合題意。故選D。【19題詳解】由上文“Whenanastronautclicksonawebsiteinspace,thatrequestfirsttravelstoanetworkofsatellitesfarawayfromthestation.Thisnetworkis22,000miles(35,405km)awayfromEarth,furtherawaythanthestationitself.Thesatellitesthensendthesignal(信號)downtoareceiveronthegroundbelow,anditdealswiththerequestbeforereturningitsreplyalongthesamepath.(當宇航員在太空中點擊一個網站時，這個請求首先會發送到遠離空間站的衛星網絡。這個網絡距離地球22000英里（35405公里），比空間站本身還要遠。然后，衛星將信號發送到地面以下的接收器，接收器處理請求后，再沿著相同的路徑返回回復。)”和下文“thesignalisslowtogofromspacetoEarthsotheInternetrunsslowly.(信號從太空傳輸到地球的速度很慢，所以互聯網的運行速度很慢)”可知，上文解釋傳輸過程，下文解釋信號從太空傳輸到地球，本空應描述地面的傳播情況。E選項“eventhoughtheconnectiononthegroundisfast(即使地面上的連接很快)”強調了地面連接速度快與空間站連接速度慢之間的對比，能承上啟下，符合題意。故選E。【20題詳解】由上文“It’sa“muchfaster”waytosenddata(這是一種“更快”的數據傳輸方式)”可知，此處介紹了一種更快的數據傳輸方式，這里需要補充說明這種新技術的意義。F選項“andonethatshowsthepossibilitiesforthe“futureofmunicationstoandfromspace”(并且這顯示了“未來太空通信”的可能性)”中的one指代上文的“更快的數據傳輸方式”，表示這種傳輸方式不僅快，而且顯示了未來太空通信的可能性，進一步強調了其優勢，符合題意。故選F。第三部分：英語知識運用（共兩節，滿分30分）第一節完形填空（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的四個選項（A、B、C和D）中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。Ihadafriendwhowasareal“scorekeeper”.Shehadgrownuplearning:“Neitheraborrowernoralenderbe.”Everyfavororactof____21____donetoherhadtobepaidforeitherincashorinkind(以實物支付).OnceImowed(割)herlawn(草坪).IforgottotellherwhenIwasdone.Shefollowedmetomyhouseto____22____me.Icouldseelivingthiswaycausedhermuch____23____.Myparentsgrewupnotwantingtotakecharityeither.Theywereverypoor,butoftenhelpedothers.Momwould____24____vegetablesfromourgarden,whileDadwouldoftendochoresforsomeone____25____.Whentheydidso,Ialwayssawaspecialsparkle(閃光)intheireyesand____26____intheirsmiles.Thenonenightourhomecaughtfireandburnedtotheground.Weall____27____butlosteverything.Wewereextremelyupset,homeless,and____28____.Butthenextday,help____29____.Thewholemunitygottogetheraroundusinlove.Theybroughtusfoodandclothes,foundusatemporaryplaceto_____30_____.Whenwetriedtobuyanewhometolivein,theyoffered_____31_____.Therewasnowaywecouldever_____32_____theirkindness.Yet,Isoonsawthatnoone_____33_____usto.Becauseinthefacesofeachpersonwho_____34_____uswerethosesamesparklingeyesand