課時作業(yè)(二十二)必修5Unit2TheUnitedKingdomⅠ.閱讀理解A(2018·江西九江二模)AsIbeganmyjunioryearofcollege,Ibegantothinkofplansaftergraduation.IknewthatIwantedtoworkinthefieldofmymajor,publicrelations.ButIalsoknewthatitwasdifficulttofindapositionconsideringmyinexperience.ThatwaswhenIdecidedtopursueaninternship(實習(xí)工作)．SoIchosetotalktomyadvisorfirst.Hehadworkedinthefieldofpublicrelationsformanyyearsbeforehebecameaprofessorandthereforehadnumerouscontactsandassociatesinthefield.Aftertalkingtohimaboutafewofthepositions,IdecidedtopursuetheCincinnatiFineArtsFundbecauseofmyinterestintheartsandthepassionIwouldfeelworkingforanon-profitorganization.Isentoutacoverletterandaresumeandwashiredonthespotintheinterview.Isoonbeganmyposition.AfterclassonTuesdaysandThursdays,IwoulddrivetoworkandapplyalltheskillsIwaslearningintheclassroom.Iwasamazedattheamountofpracticalknowledgeinclassthatwasdirectlyapplicabletomyinternshipposition.Itbecameaveryusefulandbeneficialexperience.NotonlywasIworkingforartsorganizationsandseeingmynameprintedondocumentsIhadcreated,butalsogainingconfidenceinmyskillsandmyself.Asthesemestercametoaclose，IfinishedmyworkwiththeFineArtsFund.AlthoughIdidn'ttakeawayanymoneyfortheinternship，IgainedmanydifferentkindsofexperienceandtheknowledgethatIwascapableofacplishingprofessionaltasks.AndthatkindofconfidencewasinvaluabletomeasIsatdowntointerviewformynextinternship.【文章大意】作者上大三時就開始考慮自己的未來，考慮到實習(xí)經(jīng)驗在就業(yè)中的重要性，作者在導(dǎo)師的建議下找到了個實習(xí)崗位，盡管沒有掙到錢，但是所積累的經(jīng)驗讓作者感覺到很值得。1.Whydidtheauthorseekaninternshipfirstbeforegraduation?A．Becausehewantedtolearnmorefromaninternship.B．Becausehecouldmakemoremoneyfromaninternship.C．Becausehewasmoreinterestedinaninternship.D．Becausehelackedworkexperienceandskills.答案與解析：D考查細節(jié)理解。題干關(guān)鍵詞為internship，題干中的seek對應(yīng)原文中的pursue。根據(jù)第一段第三句中的“itwasdifficulttofindapositionconsideringmyinexperience”可知，考慮到自己經(jīng)驗不足，找份工作有點難，所以作者決定找一份實習(xí)的工作。故選D項。2.Whydidthewriterturntohisadvisorforhelpfirst?A．Becausehisadvisorwasworkinginthefield.B．Becausehisadvisorcouldgivehimsomehelp.C．Becausehegotalongwellwithhisadvisor.D．Becausehehadmoninterestswithhisadvisor.答案與解析：B考查推理判斷。由第二段的描述可知，作者找他的導(dǎo)師的原因有兩個，其中之一是這位導(dǎo)師在公共關(guān)系領(lǐng)域經(jīng)驗豐富；再結(jié)合第一段的描述可知，作者自己缺乏經(jīng)驗，也就是說，他的導(dǎo)師可以幫助他。故選B項。3.Whathelpedhimtoadapttohispositionquicklyaccordingtotheauthor?A．Suggestionsfromhisadvisor.B．Moneyearnedfromtheposition.C．Knowledgeandskillsfromclass.D．Confidenceintheinterview.答案與解析：C考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段的．..applyalltheskillsIwaslearningintheclassroom.Iwasamazedattheamountofpracticalknowledgeinclassthatwasdirectlyapplicabletomyinternshipposition.可知，作者在課上所學(xué)到的知識和技能幫助他快速地適應(yīng)了工作。故選C項。4.Whatdidtheauthorthinkofhisinternship?A．Rewarding.B．Boring.C．Relaxing.D．Tiring.答案與解析：A考查推理判斷。在最后一段中，作者對自己的實習(xí)工作進行了總結(jié)：實習(xí)工作中雖然沒掙到錢，但是積累了經(jīng)驗和知識，這對于自己的專業(yè)學(xué)習(xí)是很有幫助的。故選A項。B(2018·煙臺診斷)Inanefforttodiscouragepeoplefromusingplastics,scientistshavebeenhardatworkinventingalternativepackagingproducts.Fromwaterbottlesmadefromseaweedtocutlery(餐具)madefromriceandwheat,anumberofinventionsaresettochangethewayweeatwhileweareonthego,orhavingarelaxingpicnicinthepark.Theideaofusingseaweedtomakeeco-friendly(環(huán)保的)waterbottleshasbeenaroundforafewyears.Recently,AriJonssontookhisinvention-awaterbottlemadefromredseaweed-toshowoffatafestival.Thebottleswillonlyholdtheirshapeaslongastheyarefilled.Assoonasthesebottlesareemptytheywillbegintobreakdown,thoughtheywouldbeperfectlysafetoeat.AriJonsson'sbottlesareastepclosertoawidelyusedalternativetothecurrentplasticones.Theeatablewatercontainerisnottheonlyproducttoaddtoourimageofthefuture.NarayanaPessapatyhasalsocreatedeatablespoons.Afterthesuccessofhisspoons,Mr.Pessapatyisreadytoexpandandintroduceforksandchopstickstohismenu.Hisaimistolargelyreducetheamountofplasticwaste,whichisahugeproblemforwastesitesallovertheworld.Itisaproductthatmaytakeupto500yearstobreakdown,andrecyclingpaniesworldwidearestrugglingtodealwithit.Asidefromtheobviousbenefitstotheenvironment,thisnewpackagingisalsocheaptoproduceandthereforecheaptobuy.Evenbetteristhefactthatsimilareatablecutlerycanbemadeathome,possiblyascienceprojectforchildrenorjustfunwithfriends.Whynotgetexperimentingandcreateyourownrecipes?【文章大意】為了阻止人們使用塑料包裝，本文介紹了科學(xué)家發(fā)明的可食用的、環(huán)保的包裝替代產(chǎn)品。5．Whydoscientistsinventalternativepackagingproducts?A．Tomakepeople'slifemoreconvenient.B．Toreducetheamountofplasticwaste.C．Tochangethewaywepicnicoutside.D．Toshowofftheirinventivetalents.答案與解析：B考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段第一句Inanefforttodiscouragepeoplefromusingplastics...可知，為了阻止人們使用塑料包裝，科學(xué)家們發(fā)明了可替代的包裝產(chǎn)品。故選B項。6.WhatmakesAriJonsson'swaterbottleseco-friendly?A．Theycanbemadeathome.B．Theyarecheaptoproduceandbuy.C．Theywillholdtheirshapewhentheyarefilled.D．Theywillbreakdownthemselveswhenempty.答案與解析：D考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段第四句Assoonasthesebottlesareemptytheywillbegintobreakdown...可知，水瓶一空，它們就會分解。也就是說，它們在被倒空時，會自己分解，所以使得這些水瓶很環(huán)保。故選D項。測訓(xùn)診斷：考生易根據(jù)第二段第三句Thebottleswillonlyholdtheirshapeaslongastheyarefilled.(瓶子只有在滿的時候才能定型)而誤選C項，這只是介紹了這種水瓶的特性，而不是這些水瓶環(huán)保的原因，真正的原因是它們在水倒空時，會自我分解。故排除C項。7.WhatdoAriandNarayana'sinventionshaveinmon?A．Theyareconvenienttocarry.B．Theyaresafetoeat.C．Theycanbeusedforashorttime.D．Theyareheavierthanplastics.答案與解析：B考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段第四句．..thoughtheywouldbeperfectlysafetoeat.及第三段第二句NarayanaPessapatyhasalsocreatedeatablespoons.可知，兩人發(fā)明物的共同特點是它們都是可安全食用的。故選B項。8.Whatcanbeinferredfromthispassage?A．Home-madeeatablecutleryislikelytobepopular.B．Eatablecutlerywillpletelyreplaceplasticsinthenearfuture.C．Norecyclingpaniescanbreakdownplasticwaste.D．It'sunsafeforindividualstoinventeatablecutleryathome.答案與解析：A考查推理判斷。根據(jù)最后一段倒數(shù)第二句Evenbetteristhefactthatsimilareatablecutlerycanbemadeathome，possiblyascienceprojectforchildrenorjustfunwithfriends.可知，類似的可食用餐具可在家里自制，由此可猜測，這種餐具可能會變得很受歡迎。故選A項。Ⅱ.七選五(2018·鄭州第一次質(zhì)量預(yù)測)DoPeopleNeedSmallTalktoBeHappy?Psychologists(心理學(xué)家)havelongsaidthatconnectingwithothersisanimportantpartofhappiness,butjusthowmuchconversationwerequireisunderexamination.Inonestudy,researchersfoundthatsmalltalkmadeuponly10%oftheirconversationrelatedtohappiness.__1__ScientistsbelievethatsmalltalkcouldpromotebondingLatelastyear,Princetonresearchersreportedthatsmalltalkkeepsclosenesswithlovedones,andisn'tmerelythestuffofawkwardexchangeswithstrangers.Still,chattingwithstrangerscouldbrightenyourmorning.Inaseriesofexperiments,psychologistsgaveChicagopassengersdifferentdirectionsaboutwhethertotalkwithfellowpassengers—somethingtheytypicallyavoided.__2__Noneofthechattersreportedbeingrejected.Smalltalkcanalsohelpusfeelconnectedwithoursurroundings.Peoplewhosmiledat,madeeyecontactwith,andbrieflyspokewiththeirStarbucksbaristas(服務(wù)員)reportedagreatersenseofbelongingthanthosewhorushedthroughthetransaction(交易).__3__Onereportfoundthatwhenvolunteersbrokethesilencetochatwithgallerygoers,thevisitorsfelthappierandmoreconnectedwiththeexhibitthanthosewhowerenotapproached.__4__Inonestudy,peoplewhowererated“l(fā)esscurious”byresearchershadtroublegettingaconversationrollingontheirown,andhadgreaterluckbuildingclosenesswithotherswhentheyweresuppliedwithquestionsthatencouragedpersonaldisclosure(透露).Butpeoplewhowereconsidered“curious”needednohelpwhentransformingconversationsaboutordinarythingsintopersonalexchanges.__5__.A．Thesameistrueofgallerygoers.B．Butdon'tplaydownsmalltalkjustyet.C．Theyfoundthatsmalltalkisrelatedtohappiness.D．Thosetoldtochatwithothersreportedamorepleasantjourney.E．Makingsmalltalkisanimportantskillforallthesocialsituations.F．A“curiousmindset”，theauthorconcluded,canleadto“positivesocialinteractions”.G．Ofcourse,somepeoplearebetterthanothersatturningsmalltalkintosomethingbigger.【文章大意】'本文主要講述了聊天會讓人開心。1．答案與解析：B根據(jù)上文的“Inonestudy，researchersfoundthatsmalltalkmadeuponly10%oftheirconversationrelatedtohappiness”和下文的“Scientistsbelievethatsmalltalkcouldpromotebonding”可知，此處表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，所以選B項“但是，不要貶低聊天的重要性”。2．答案與解析：D根據(jù)下文的“Noneofthechattersreportedbeingrejected”可推知，應(yīng)選D項。那些被要求去和陌生人聊天的乘客說旅途更加愉快。3．答案與解析：A根據(jù)下文的“chatwithgallerygoers”可知，應(yīng)選A項。參觀美術(shù)館的人也有同樣的感受。4．答案與解析：G根據(jù)本段中對兩類人的介紹可推知，有些人更擅長把聊天話題擴大，所以選G項。5．答案與解析：F根據(jù)上文的“Butpeoplewhowereconsideredcurious'needednohelpwhentransformingconversationsaboutordinarythingsintopersonalexchanges”可推知，具有好奇心的人會與他人進行積極的社交互動，所以選F項。Ⅲ.語法填空(2018·江西名校聯(lián)盟檢測)TraditionalChinesecultureisbeginningtocapturetheattentionoftheworld.Kungfu，__1__(especial),hashadagreateffect__2__themillionsofpeoplewhofirstlearnedaboutChinathroughit.Fromthat,theymayetoChinaandlearnaboutsomeother__3__(aspect)ofthisculture.OtherAsiannationshavelongknownaboutthe__4__(great)ofancientChineseculture.Theirownculturesare__5__mixofnativeonesandthoseChinesecharacteristics.KoreaandJapanlongagoadoptedConfucianism,somethingthatcontinuestodayevenasit__6__(challenge)bypopculture.Thisstrengthesfromtheideas__7__(give)intheFourBooksofConfucianism,whichbuiltupontheideasofaneven__8__(much)ancientperiodcodified(編纂)intheFiveClassics.Fromthem,theWestlearns__9__isuniquelyChine