某港口經濟區的凈水廠建設工程布局設計摘要：根據畢業設計過程中的進度安排，本設計的階段和完成的內容分別有：一、搜集A縣可門港經濟區的擬定供水現狀資料和供水條件后，再根據《福建城市用水量標準》、《室外給水設計標準》和《城市給水工程規劃規范》等文獻，撰寫文獻綜述和開題報告。二、通過規劃區內總平面圖確定供水的體制，對管材的選擇進行方案比選。用鴻業軟件對配水管網進行繪制并進行平差計算、消防校核及事故校核。三、對凈水工藝流程和設備等進行比選論證，確定主體為折板絮凝池、平流沉淀池和V型濾池。用CAD軟件進行給水廠主要構筑物的繪制。福州可門港經濟區距A縣城約40公里，距福州市區約85公里，位于羅源灣的南部?？砷T港經濟區背靠高山，港口交通便利。本次設計的規劃范圍從北茭開始至馬透平原，北部為羅源灣，南面定海灣、黃岐灣，總用地約340平方公里，建設用地規模達79.5平方公里，其中中心區用地65平方公里。隨著可門港經濟區的不斷發展與開發，各方企業投資的力度加大，各類工業項目的建設，不僅人口在增多，且需水量也在逐步增加，客觀上要求供水設施應優先建設。結合可門港經濟區的開發建設速度和經濟發展要求，興建現代化的凈水廠是十分必要和迫切。根據用水量預測，本設計凈水廠采用近期（2015年）4.0萬m3/d的規模設計。關鍵詞：給水廠，需水量，工藝流程目錄9480摘要 ⅠTOC\o"1-3"\h\u30921第1章緒論 II第1章緒論工程設計期限設計期限：近期至2015年，中期至2020年，遠期至2030年。工程服務范圍A縣可門港經濟區，包括馬鼻、透堡、官坂、筱埕、黃岐、苔菉、坑園、安凱、下宮等9個鄉鎮。用水量預測預測方法趨勢外推法、回歸分析法和指標分析法是城市需水量預測的常用的幾種方法。隨著社會的經濟發展和居民生活水平的提高，萬元用水量逐步下降，居民的生活用水量增長趨于緩慢，同時由于缺少各類用戶的長期用水量數據等，考慮到各村鎮總體規劃的主要內容是規劃期內人口、產業和城市設施的管理指標，因此本設計采用指標分析法中的單位人口綜合用水量指標預測法、單位建設用地綜合用水量指標預測法、分類用水指標法三種方法進行需水量預測。。預測指標福建省城鄉規劃設計研究院和福建省城市建設協會在對福建省進行大量的資料搜集及調查后，編制了《福建城市用水量標準》DBJ/T13-127-2010，該標準于2010年11月1日開始實施。該標準適用于福建省縣級以上城市（含縣城）的給水排水工程規劃及市政設計中的用水量預測。該標準主要水量指標如下：表1-1最高日人均居民生活用水量指標（L/p/d）設區市縣級市、縣城最高日平均日最高日平均日180~280140~220160~260120~200表1-2人均綜合用水量指標（L/p/d）設區市縣級市、縣城最高日平均日最高日平均日280~450220~360160~260120~200表1-3最高日單位居住用地用水量指標（m3/（h㎡.d））設區市縣級市、縣城80~15070~130表1-4最高日單位工業用地用水量指標（m3/（h㎡.d））類別用水量指標主要適用工業類別低用水量15~30通訊設備、計算機和其他電子設備制造、運輸設備、農業和食品加工、紡織工業（最終紡織品、針織品、紡織品及其制品等的制造）、皮革、毛皮及其制品工業（皮革制品的制造）、毛皮鞣制和產品加工)；木工及木、竹、藤、棕、草制品行業；醫藥制造（衛生材料及藥品、中成藥、化學品）；金屬制造（搪瓷制品制造、金屬工具制造、結構金屬制品制造、不銹鋼制造及類似的日用金屬制品制造）；特種裝備制造（印刷、醫藥、日化制造、特種裝備制造、農林牧漁、特種工程）等。中用水量30~70食品生產、化工原料和化工生產（農用化學品生產、日用化學品生產、油漆、油墨、顏料等生產）、醫藥生產（生物和生化產品生產）、非金屬礦產品工業；通用設備制造（鍋爐/驅動機械制造、金屬加工機械制造、金屬鑄造、鍛造）等。高用水量70~120紡織業（棉花、合成紡織品及印染劑、羊毛纖維及染整劑等）；毛皮及其制品工業（皮革鞣制和加工）；人造纖維的制造；鋼鐵和金屬加工業；有色金屬精加工和壓延行業；飲料生產（酒精，酒制造，軟飲料生產）等表1-5城市日變化系數設區市縣級市、縣城1.1~1.31.3~1.6考慮到《福建省城市用水量標準》較貼合福建省的實際情況，本設計主要按照《福建省城市用水量標準》結合其他相關規范和標準進行水量預測。遠期需水量預測分類用水量指標法《福州可門港經濟區總體規劃修編方案初稿》只對規劃中心區進行遠期（2030年）的用地平衡分析，未對城鄉統籌區及可門港近期、中期進行用地平衡分析，近期、中期可門港的工業用地、道路面積、綠化面積等指標數據無法選取，故只能對可門港中心規劃區遠期的用水量進行分類估算。根據《城市給水工程規劃規范》以及《福建省城市用水量標準》，可門港中心規劃區分類估算法預測遠期用水量如下：居民生活綜合用水量居民生活用水量根據最高日居民生活用水指標法進行計算。表1-6最高日居民生活用水量預測遠期規劃人口（萬人）指標取值（L/p/d）居民生活用水量（萬m3/d）37.52509.375工業企業用水綜合考慮《城市給水工程規劃規范》GB50282-2016和《福建城市用水量標準》DBJ/T13-127-2010，工業企業用水量如下：表1-8工業企業用水量預測工業用地（ha）指標（m3/hm2.d）工業企業用水量（萬m3/d）2095.6504.20道路澆灑和綠地用水量表1-9近期道路澆灑和綠地用水量道路和綠化面積（ha）指標（L/m2.d）道路澆灑和綠化用水量（萬m3/d）2093.791.53.14管網漏損水量和未預見水量根據《城市給水工程規劃規范》GB50282-2016和《福建城市用水量標準》DBJ/T13-127-2010，管網漏損水量和未預見水量按（1）~（3）款水量之和的10%~25%取值，本設計取20%。表1-10管網漏損和未預見水量預測居民生活用水量（萬m3/d）工業企業用水量（萬m3/d）道路澆灑和綠化用水量（萬m3/d）系數管網漏損水量和未預見水量（萬m3/d）9.3754.203.1420%3.343（6）總用水量

表1-11總用水量預測（單位：萬m3/d）居民生活用水量工業企業用水量道路澆灑和綠化用水量管網漏損水量和未預見水量總用水量9.3754.203.143.34320.06單位建設用地綜合用水量指標預測法根據《福州可門港經濟區總體規劃修編方案初稿》，僅對可門港遠期規劃建設用地進行預測，但未對近期和中期建設用地進行詳細規劃。因此，采用單位建設用地用水量指標法預測用水量，只能根據遠期的建設規模進行預測?？砷T港用地定位以港口物流、鐵路物流、生態居住、綜合服務、生態旅游社區、旅游度假、產業制造為主，因此本工程遠期的單位建設用地綜合用水量指標取福建省縣城平均值，即0.30萬m3/km2·d。表1-12單位建設用地綜合用水量指標法預測表規劃建設用地面積（hm2）單位建設用地綜合用水量指標（萬m3/km2.d）用水量（萬m3/d）79.50.3023.851.5近期用水量預測由于《福州可門港經濟區總體規劃修編方案初稿》未對可門港經濟區近期、中期發展進行詳細規劃，故只能采用經驗法來確定可門港經濟區近期需水量規模。預測近期（2015年）可門港經濟區人口約為21.98萬人。生活用水量Q1=0.2×21.98=4.4萬m3/d工業用水量Q2≈1.7萬m3/d其他用水量Q3=（4.4+1.7）×0.5=3.05萬m3/d近期總用水量Q=Q1+Q2+Q3=4.4+1.7+3.05=9.15萬m3/d1.6工程規模確定根據需水量預測及供水平衡分析，確定可門港經濟區近期設計可門港第一水廠按4.0萬m3/d規模建設，中遠期供水規模擴建4.0萬m3/d，總規模為8.0萬m3/d。第二章配水管網設計2.1管網定線目前常用的管網定線形式有枝狀管網和環狀管網。枝狀管網的優點是造價較低，施工方便。但供水安全性較差，一旦出現管網中途漏損，將會嚴重影響不利點的供水。環狀管網的供水安全性較高，供水水壓相對穩定，但造價相對較高，施工過程復雜?？紤]到可門港經濟區的主要用地類型為居住和制造業，根據可門港經濟區的地形情況，結合可門港地區其余水廠的用水量平衡分析，本設計定線采用環狀管網配水的形式。2.2管材選擇由于本設計規劃的范圍較大，管線長度較長，因此設計的管徑較大。因此需要進行管材的方案比選，采取既經濟，水頭損失又小的方案。目前常見的管材有很多，考慮到造價和地形因素，本設計僅對鋼管、PE管和球墨鑄鐵管進行比較。表2-1管材比選表管材名稱優缺點適用流速備注鋼管優點：1.機械強度高，使用壽命較長2.內襯圖層后抗腐蝕性強缺點：1.施工不方便，重量大2.焊接的強度要求比較嚴格0.8m/s~3.0m/sPE管優點：1.現狀應用比較廣泛耐腐蝕性強，可以適應各種腐蝕性的條件重量輕，水頭損失比較小缺點：適合用于溫度較低的條件0.8m/s~3.0m/s球墨鑄鐵管優點：1.耐腐蝕性的能力強2.建造成本低，安裝方便3.機械性能好缺點：壁厚較大，內襯涂層防腐效果一般0.6m/s~1.4m/s推薦管材綜合考慮，雖然管徑過小或過大的情況會導致球墨鑄鐵管的造價比較高，但球墨鑄鐵管的機械性能和技術性能較好，且耐腐蝕性強，結合造價概算的情況考慮，本設計配水管網決定采用球墨鑄鐵管。第三章配水管網計算3.1流量計算配水管網設計流量按最高日最高時流量計算，參考《GB50013-2018室外給水設計標準》4.0.9：Q=1.6×40000=64000m3/d=740.74L/s3.2配水干管的有效長度計算根據上述的定線原則，確定供水方向，同時進行經濟比選，并列表統計各管段的實際和有效長度，用設計軟件計算流量、比流量、沿線流量和節點流量。表3-1各管段長度和配水長度管道編號管長（m）有效管長（m）管道編號管長（m）有效管長（m）JS1-JS2799799JS35-JS36503503JS2-JS3360360JS36-JS26518518JS3-JS4907907JS32-JS38689689JS4-JS5507507JS38-JS3912041204JS5-JS6502502JS39-JS40474474JS6-JS7488488JS40-JS41384384JS7-JS8502502JS41-JS42288288JS8-JS9431431JS42-JS43972972JS9-JS10418418JS43-JS44975975JS10-JS11431431JS44-JS4510071007JS11-JS12535535JS45-JS4616301630JS12-JS13503503JS46-JS4711031103JS13-JS14499499JS47-JS4818881888JS14-JS15495495JS48-JS49602602JS15-JS16232232JS49-JS50694694JS16-JS17500500JS50-JS51581581JS17-JS18608608JS51-JS52752752JS18-JS26867867JS52-JS53656656JS26-JS3714790JS53-JS6916761676JS37-JS45443443JS47-JS54568568JS2-JS19885885JS54-JS55548548JS19-JS20343343JS55-JS5611081108JS20-JS21567567JS56-JS57978978JS21-JS22493493JS57-JS58655655JS22-JS23499499JS58-JS69521521JS23-JS24501501JS46-JS59678339JS24-JS25795795JS59-JS60336168JS25-JS26488488JS60-JS61559279.5JS19-JS27638638JS61-JS6211591159JS27-JS28341341JS62-JS6310481048JS28-JS29498498JS63-JS64505505JS29-JS30656656JS64-JS65651651JS30-JS31211211JS65-JS66489489JS31-JS3210371037JS66-JS67686686JS32-JS33339339JS67-JS68929929JS33-JS34354354JS68-JS69608608JS34-JS354124123.3比流量計算qcb=式中，qcb——長度比流量，L/（s.m）Q——管網總用水量，L/s∑Qi——工業企業及其他大用戶的集中流量之和，L/s∑L——管網配水干管總計算長度，m。一側配水的管段（例如只有一側配水的管道）計入實際長度的一半。對于兩側配水的管段，計算長度與實際長度相對應；兩邊沒有配水的管道的長度不計算在內（即不穿越廣場、公園等無建筑物地區的管線長度）。q各管段的沿線流量計算如下表：表3-2沿線流量分配管道編號管長（m）有效管長（m）比流量沿線流量（L/s）JS1-JS27997990.01612.784JS2-JS33603600.0165.760JS3-JS49079070.01614.512JS4-JS55075070.0168.112JS5-JS65025020.0168.032JS6-JS74884880.0167.808JS7-JS85025020.0168.032JS8-JS94314310.0166.896JS9-JS104184180.0166.688JS10-JS114314310.0166.896JS11-JS125355350.0168.560JS12-JS135035030.0168.048JS13-JS144994990.0167.984JS14-JS154954950.0167.920JS15-JS162322320.0163.712JS16-JS175005000.0168.000JS17-JS186086080.0169.728JS18-JS268678670.01613.872JS26-JS37147900.0160JS37-JS454434430.0167.088JS2-JS198858850.01614.16JS19-JS203433430.0165.488JS20-JS215675670.0169.072JS21-JS224934930.0167.888JS22-JS234994990.0167.984JS23-JS245015010.0168.016JS24-JS257957950.01612.72JS25-JS264884880.0167.808JS19-JS276386380.01610.208JS27-JS283413410.0165.456JS28-JS294984980.0167.968JS29-JS306566560.01610.496JS30-JS312112110.0163.376JS31-JS32103710370.01616.592JS32-JS333393390.0165.424JS33-JS343543540.0165.664JS34-JS354124120.0166.592JS35-JS365035030.0168.048JS36-JS265185180.0168.288JS32-JS386896890.01611.024JS38-JS39120412040.01619.264JS39-JS404744740.0167.584JS40-JS413843840.0166.144JS41-JS422882880.0164.608JS42-JS439729720.01615.552JS43-JS449759750.01615.600JS44-JS45100710070.01616.112JS45-JS46163016300.01626.080JS46-JS47110311030.01617.648JS47-JS48188818880.01630.208JS48-JS496026020.0169.632JS49-JS506946940.01611.104JS50-JS515815810.0169.296JS51-JS527527520.01612.032JS52-JS536566560.01610.496JS53-JS69167616760.01626.816JS47-JS545685680.0169.088JS54-JS555485480.0168.768JS55-JS56110811080.01617.728JS56-JS579789780.01615.647JS57-JS586556550.01610.480JS58-JS695215210.0168.336JS46-JS596783390.0165.424JS59-JS603361680.0162.688JS60-JS61559279.50.0164.472JS61-JS62115911590.01618.544JS62-JS63104810480.01616.768JS63-JS645055050.0168.080JS64-JS656516510.01610.416JS65-JS664894890.0167.824JS66-JS676866860.01610.976JS67-JS689299290.01614.864JS68-JS696086080.0169.7283.4節點設計流量計算干管布置及節點分布如下圖所示：各節點的節點流量計算表如下：表3-3節點設計流量計算節點編號節點總流量（L/s）JS16.392JS216.352JS310.136JS411.312JS58.072JS67.920JS77.920JS87.464JS96.792JS106.792JS117.728JS128.304JS138.016JS147.952JS155.816JS165.856JS178.864JS1811.800JS1914.928JS207.280JS218.480JS227.936JS238.000JS2410.368JS2520.528JS2614.984JS277.832JS286.712JS299.232JS306.936JS319.984JS3216.525JS335.544JS346.128JS357.320JS368.168JS373.544JS3815.144JS3913.424JS406.864JS415.376JS4210.080JS4315.576JS4415.856JS4524.640JS4624.576JS4728.472JS4819.920JS4910.368JS5010.200JS5110.664JS5211.264JS5318.656JS548.928JS5513.248JS5616.688JS5713.064JS589.408JS594.056JS603.580JS6111.508JS6217.656JS6312.424JS649.248JS659.120JS669.400JS6712.920JS6812.296JS6922.4403.5管網平差計算3.5.1閉合環的選定繪畫管網平差簡圖，按沿著主干管進行主要分配，并規定閉合環，進行如下表分配：平差計算依據和結果1、平差類型反算水源壓力2、計算公式海曾威廉公式V=0.44*C*(Re/C)^0.075*(g*D*I)^0.5Re=V*D/ν計算溫度：13℃ν=0.0000013、局部損失系數：1.104、水源點水泵參數:無參數5、管網平差結果特征參數水源點編號節點流量(L/s)節點壓力(m)72-754.651157.51最大管徑(mm):900.00最小管徑(mm):200.00最大流速(m/s):3.889最小流速(m/s):0.010水壓最低點53壓力(m):59.66自由水頭最低點49自由水頭(m):28.00平差計算節點參數節點編號流量(L/s)地面標高(m)節點水壓(m)自由水頭(m)16.39228.600153.157124.557216.35236.760151.795115.035310.13636.730151.353114.62348.07237.870150.347112.47758.07237.640149.821112.18167.46336.700149.282112.58277.46335.710148.770113.06087.46334.980148.278113.29896.79235.010141.360106.350106.79235.310134.81799.507118.01635.440127.98792.547128.01635.560119.69984.139138.01635.670112.04576.375145.81635.840104.96769.127155.81636.27098.12361.853165.85636.30094.84458.544178.86336.76088.22951.4691811.80036.19080.13343.9431914.92739.33068.95529.625207.28037.85068.95431.104218.48038.01068.95530.945227.93637.15068.95731.807238.00037.06068.97431.9142410.36837.00069.00632.0062520.52836.91069.10032.1902614.98436.87069.22332.353277.82238.45068.72230.272286.71238.87068.61529.745299.23238.19068.47630.286306.93638.19068.31230.122319.98437.00068.26831.2683216.52533.77068.09534.325335.54434.84068.21333.373346.12735.39068.36932.979357.32034.90068.57633.676368.16736.36068.87132.511373.54332.17065.82533.6553815.14433.32067.35534.0353913.42433.02066.30933.289406.86433.81066.06932.259415.37633.59065.84432.2544210.08030.43065.69835.2684315.57529.91065.28335.3734415.85632.29065.00432.7144524.64031.97064.84432.8744624.57630.66062.88332.2234728.47130.63060.61329.9834819.92028.99059.92930.9394910.36831.81059.81028.0005010.20029.05059.73630.6865110.64427.78059.68531.9055211.26427.60059.65932.0595318.65627.60059.65532.055548.92729.26060.34431.0845513.24829.23060.13830.9085616.68828.33059.85431.5245713.06428.74059.75031.010589.40828.85059.69130.841594.05630.27062.25031.980603.58030.24061.96231.7226111.50829.88061.51431.6346217.65628.87060.73131.8616312.42428.76060.25231.492649.24828.04060.08232.042659.12027.76059.91632.156669.40027.52059.82832.3086712.92027.90059.74131.8416812.29627.77059.68631.9166922.44027.63059.67432.04472-754.65128.600157.515128.915平差計算管道參數管道編號管徑(mm)管長(m)流量(L/s)流速(m/s)千米損失(m)管道損失(m)1-2900789.300748.2591.1281.7261.3631-729002484.800754.6511.1381.7544.3583-2900385.500599.7590.9041.1470.4424-3900905.600589.6230.8891.1111500581.5510.8771.0830.5266-5900510.900573.4790.8651.0550.5397-6900496.600566.0160.8531.0300.5128-7900489.200558.5530.8421.0050.4929-8500421.400551.0902.65616.4176.91810-9500407.800544.2982.62316.0456.54311-12500543.600529.4902.55215.2468.28811-10500435.700537.5062.59015.6766.83012-13500516.400521.4742.51314.8227.65413-14500491.400513.4582.47514.4037.07814-15500485.300507.6422.44614.1036.84415-16500237.500501.8262.41813.8063.27916-17500489.700495.9702.39013.5096.61517-18500619.600487.1072.34813.0668.09618-26500873.800475.3072.29112.48610.91119-2200880.400132.1483.88994.09482.84020-19600345.3004.1800.0140.0010.00021-20600581.2003.1000.0100.0000.00022-21600481.30011.5800.0390.0050.00323-22500499.30019.5160.0940.0340.01724-23500498.20027.5160.1330.0640.03225-24500813.10037.8840.1830.1160.09426-36500514.40098.9040.4770.6840.35226-25500473.80058.4120.2820.2580.12227-28600335.200105.2190.3540.3210.10827-19600632.900113.0410.3810.3670.23228-29600487.80098.5070.3320.2840.13930-29600689.80089.2750.3010.2370.16431-30600218.80082.3390.2770.2040.04532-316001070.90072.3550.2440.1610.17233-32500311.60071.7460.3460.3780.11834-33500358.70077.2900.3720.4340.15635-34500415.00083.4170.4020.4990.20736-35500505.60090.7370.4370.5830.29537-266001494.000303.0071.0202.2743.39838-32500675.800127.5760.6151.0960.74039-385001206.300112.4320.5420.8671.04640-39500350.10099.0080.4770.6860.24041-40500375.00092.1440.4440.6000.22542-41500270.50086.7680.4180.5370.14543-42500971.30076.6880.3700.4270.41544-43500996.20061.1130.2950.2810.28045-37600440.900299.4641.0082.2250.98145-44500991.50045.2570.2180.1610.16046-457001628.500320.0810.7951.2041.96147-465001106.500179.0660.8632.0522.27047-54500579.30080.2880.3870.4650.26948-475001880.90070.3060.3390.3640.68449-48500603.60050.3860.2430.1960.11949-50500576.40040.0180.1930.1280.07450-51500692.30029.8180.1440.0740.05252-51500761.30019.1740.0920.0330.02553-52500657.3007.9100.0380.0060.00454-55500550.10071.3610.3440.3740.20655-565001110.10058.1130.2800.2560.28456-57500757.60041.4250.2000.1370.10457-58500876.30028.3610.1370.0680.05959-46500684.000116.4390.5610.9250.63359-60500333.000112.3830.5420.8670.28961-60500548.100108.8030.5240.8160.44762-635001045.70079.6390.3840.4580.47962-615001180.40097.2950.4690.6640.78364-63500506.40067.2150.3240.3350.17065-64500653.10057.9670.2790.2550.16666-65500474.20048.8470.2350.1860.08867-66500690.40039.4480.1900.1250.08667-68500932.60026.5280.1280.0600.05668-69500600.50014.2320.0690.0190.01169-58500513.80018.9530.0910.0320.01769-535001676.60010.7460.0520.0110.0193.5消防與事故校核3.5.1消防校核利用鴻業軟件進行消防校核，設定自由水壓為10m，在最不利點增加20L/s的消防用水情況下進行計算。平差計算依據和結果1、平差類型消防校核2、計算公式海曾威廉公式V=0.44*C*(Re/C)^0.075*(g*D*I)^0.5Re=V*D/ν計算溫度：13℃ν=0.0000013、局部損失系數：1.104、水源點水泵參數:無參數5、管網平差結果特征參數水源點編號節點流量(L/s)節點壓力(m)72-774.651163.80最大管徑(mm):900.00最小管徑(mm):200.00最大流速(m/s):4.009最小流速(m/s):0.008水壓最低點52壓力(m):59.74自由水頭最低點49自由水頭(m):28.00平差計算節點參數節點編號流量(L/s)地面標高(m)節點水壓(m)自由水頭(m)16.39228.600159.228130.628216.35236.760157.797121.037310.13636.730157.333120.60348.07237.870156.276118.40658.07237.640155.723118.08367.46336.700155.156118.45677.46335.710154.618118.90887.46334.980154.100119.12096.79235.010146.807111.797106.79235.310139.905104.595118.01635.440132.69697.256128.01635.560123.94188.381138.01635.670115.84980.179145.81635.840108.35972.519155.81636.270101.11264.842165.85636.30097.63861.338178.86336.76090.62453.8641811.80036.19082.03245.8421914.92739.33070.17730.847207.28037.85070.17632.326218.48038.01070.17732.167227.93637.15070.17933.029238.00037.06070.19533.1352410.36837.00070.22533.2252520.52836.91070.31633.4062614.98436.87070.43533.565277.82238.45069.93231.482286.71238.87069.81830.948299.23238.19069.67031.480306.93638.19069.49531.305319.98437.00069.44732.4473216.52533.77069.26035.490335.54434.84069.38434.544346.12735.39069.54734.157357.32034.90069.76334.863368.16736.36070.07033.710373.54332.17066.72634.5563815.14433.32068.46235.1423913.42433.02067.32234.302406.86433.81067.05833.248415.37633.59066.80833.2184210.08030.43066.64636.2164315.57529.91066.17736.2674415.85632.29065.85033.5604524.64031.97065.65433.6844624.57630.66063.46132.8014728.47130.63060.85530.2254819.92028.99059.97730.9874930.36831.81059.81028.0005010.20029.05059.76630.7165110.64427.78059.74231.9625211.26427.60059.73532.1355318.65627.60059.73532.135548.92729.26060.56231.3025513.24829.23060.33631.1065616.68828.33060.01731.6875713.06428.74059.89631.156589.40828.85059.82130.971594.05630.27062.76532.495603.58030.24062.44732.2076111.50829.88061.95132.0716217.65628.87061.07432.2046312.42428.76060.52431.764649.24828.04060.32532.285659.12027.76060.12532.365669.40027.52060.01532.4956712.92027.90059.90332.0036812.29627.77059.82032.0506922.44027.63059.79832.16872-774.65128.600163.801135.201平差計算管道參數管道編號管徑(mm)管長(m)流量(L/s)流速(m/s)千米損失(m)管道損失(m)1-2900789.300768.2601.1581.8131.4311-729002484.800774.6521.1681.8414.5743-2900385.500615.6910.9281.2030.4644-3900905.600605.5550.9131.1671500597.4830.9011.1380.5536-5900510.900589.4110.8891.1100.5677-6900496.600581.9480.8771.0840.5388-7900489.200574.4850.8661.0590.5189-8500421.400567.0222.73317.3067.29310-9500407.800560.2302.70016.9246.90211-12500543.600545.4222.62916.1068.75511-10500435.700553.4382.66716.5477.20912-13500516.400537.4062.59015.6718.09213-14500491.400529.3902.55115.2417.48914-15500485.300523.5742.52314.9337.24715-16500237.500517.7582.49514.6273.47416-17500489.700511.9022.46714.3237.01417-18500619.600503.0392.42413.8678.59218-26500873.800491.2392.36713.27211.59719-2200880.400136.2174.00999.52387.62020-19600345.3004.9320.0170.0010.00021-20600581.2002.3480.0080.0000.00022-21600481.30010.8280.0360.0050.00223-22500499.30018.7640.0900.0320.01624-23500498.20026.7640.1290.0610.03025-24500813.10037.1320.1790.1120.09126-36500514.400100.8880.4860.7100.36526-25500473.80057.6600.2780.2520.11927-28600335.200108.5370.3650.3400.11427-19600632.900116.3590.3920.3870.24528-29600487.800101.8250.3430.3020.14830-29600689.80092.5930.3120.2540.17531-30600218.80085.6570.2880.2200.04832-316001070.90075.6730.2550.1750.18733-32500311.60073.7300.3550.3970.12434-33500358.70079.2740.3820.4540.16335-34500415.00085.4010.4120.5210.21636-35500505.60092.7210.4470.6070.30737-266001494.000317.7071.0702.4833.70938-32500675.800132.8770.6401.1810.79839-385001206.300117.7330.5670.9441.13940-39500350.100104.3090.5030.7550.26441-40500375.00097.4450.4700.6660.25042-41500270.50092.0690.4440.5990.16243-42500971.30081.9890.3950.4840.47044-43500996.20066.4140.3200.3280.32645-37600440.900314.1641.0582.4321.07245-44500991.50050.5580.2440.1980.19646-457001628.500340.0820.8451.3472.19347-465001106.500192.9320.9302.3552.60647-54500579.30084.0040.4050.5060.29348-475001880.90080.4570.3880.4670.87849-48500603.60060.5370.2920.2760.16749-50500576.40030.1690.1450.0760.04450-51500692.30019.9690.0960.0350.02552-51500761.3009.3250.0450.0090.00753-52500657.3001.9390.0090.0000.00054-55500550.10075.0770.3620.4110.22655-565001110.10061.8290.2980.2870.31856-57500757.60045.1410.2180.1600.12157-58500876.30032.0770.1550.0850.07559-46500684.000122.5740.5911.0180.69659-60500333.000118.5180.5710.9560.31861-60500548.100114.9380.5540.9030.49562-635001045.70085.7740.4130.5260.55062-615001180.400103.4300.4980.7430.87764-63500506.40073.3500.3530.3940.19965-64500653.10064.1020.3090.3070.20066-65500474.20054.9820.2650.2310.10967-66500690.40045.5820.2200.1630.11367-68500932.60032.6620.1570.0880.08268-69500600.50020.3660.0980.0370.02269-58500513.80022.6690.1090.0450.02369-535001676.60020.5950.0990.0380.0633.5.2事故校核鴻利軟件進行事校核，將管段19-2設為事故管段進行校核。平差計算依據和結果1、平差類型事故校核2、計算公式海曾威廉公式V=0.44*C*(Re/C)^0.075*(g*D*I)^0.5Re=V*D/ν計算溫度：13℃ν=0.0000013、局部損失系數：1.104、水源點水泵參數:無參數5、管網平差結果特征參數水源點編號節點流量(L/s)節點壓力(m)72-528.256136.58最大管徑(mm):900.00最小管徑(mm):500.00最大流速(m/s):2.305最小流速(m/s):0.027水壓最低點53壓力(m):63.33自由水頭最低點19自由水頭(m):28.00平差計算節點參數節點編號流量(L/s)地面標高(m)節點水壓(m)自由水頭(m)14.47428.600134.326105.726211.44636.760133.62296.86237.09536.730133.29196.56145.65037.870132.53594.66555.65037.640132.13894.49865.22436.700131.72995.02975.22435.710131.34095.63085.22434.980130.96395.98394.75435.010125.64190.631104.75435.310120.58485.274115.61135.440115.28279.842125.61135.560108.81273.252135.61135.670102.80367.133144.07135.84097.21461.374154.07136.27091.78655.516164.09936.30089.17452.874176.20436.76083.88047.120188.26036.19077.35641.1661910.44939.33067.33028.000205.09637.85067.35829.508215.93638.01067.41329.403225.55537.15067.46930.319235.60037.06067.63130.571247.25837.00067.81930.8192514.37036.91068.18531.2752610.48936.87068.47631.606275.47538.45067.29728.847284.69838.87067.28428.414296.46238.19067.27029.080304.85538.19067.25729.067316.98937.00067.25530.2553211.56733.77067.25033.480333.88134.84067.39532.555344.28935.39067.57732.187355.12434.90067.80932.909365.71736.36068.12131.761372.48032.17066.56534.3953810.60133.32066.94233.622399.39733.02066.52133.501404.80533.81066.42832.618413.76333.59066.34332.753427.05630.43066.28935.8594310.90329.91066.14236.2324411.09932.29066.05333.7634517.24831.97066.01234.0424617.20330.66064.99834.3384719.93030.63063.82533.1954813.94428.99063.47134.481497.25831.81063.41031.600507.14029.05063.37234.322517.45127.78063.34535.565527.88527.60063.33235.7325313.05927.60063.33035.730546.24929.26063.68634.426559.27429.23063.57934.3495611.68228.33063.43235.102579.14528.74063.37934.639586.58628.85063.34834.498592.83930.27064.67134.401602.50630.24064.52234.282618.05629.88064.29134.4116212.35928.87063.88635.016638.69728.76063.63834.878646.47428.04063.55035.510656.38427.76063.46435.704666.58027.52063.41935.899679.04427.90063.37435.474688.60727.77063.34635.5766915.70827.63063.34035.71072-528.25628.600136.579107.979平差計算管道參數管道編號管徑(mm)管長(m)流量(L/s)流速(m/s)千米損失(m)管道損失(m)1-2900789.300523.7820.7900.8920.7041-729002484.800528.2560.7960.9072.2533-2900385.500512.3360.7720.8570.3304-3900905.600505.2400.7620.8350.7565-4900485.500499.5900.7530.8180.3976-5900510.900493.9400.7450.8010.4097-6900496.600488.7150.7370.7850.3908-7900489.200483.4910.7290.7700.3769-8500421.400478.2672.30512.6315.32310-9500407.800473.5132.28212.3995.05611-12500543.600463.1472.23211.9026.47011-10500435.700468.7582.25912.1705.30212-13500516.400457.5362.20511.6366.00913-14500491.400451.9252.17811.3745.58914-15500485.300447.8542.15811.1855.42815-16500237.500443.7822.13910.9982.61216-17500489.700439.6832.11910.8105.29417-18500619.600433.4792.08910.5306.52418-26500873.800425.2192.04910.1628.87920-19600345.30049.5030.1670.0800.02821-20600581.20054.5990.1840.0950.05522-21600481.30060.5350.2040.1160.05623-22500499.30066.0900.3190.3250.16224-23500498.20071.6900.3450.3770.18825-24500813.10078.9480.3800.4510.36726-36500514.40099.3620.4790.6900.35526-25500473.80093.3170.4500.6140.29127-28600335.20033.5790.1130.0390.01327-19600632.90039.0540.1310.0510.03328-29600487.80028.8800.0970.0290.01430-29600689.80022.4180.0750.0180.01331-30600218.80017.5630.0590.0120.00332-316001070.90010.5740.0360.0050.00533-32500311.60080.3520.3870.4660.14534-33500358.70084.2320.4060.5080.18235-34500415.00088.5210.4270.5570.23136-35500505.60093.6450.4510.6180.31337-266001494.000222.0510.7481.2801.91238-32500675.80079.3580.3820.4550.30839-385001206.30068.7570.3310.3490.42140-39500350.10059.3610.2860.2660.09341-40500375.00054.5560.2630.2280.08542-41500270.50050.7930.2450.1990.05443-42500971.30043.7370.2110.1510.14744-43500996.20032.8340.1580.0890.08945-37600440.900219.5710.7391.2530.55345-44500991.50021.7350.1050.0410.04146-457001628.500224.0570.5560.6221.01447-465001106.500125.3460.6041.0611.17447-54500579.30056.2020.2710.2400.13948-475001880.90049.2140.2370.1880.35449-48500603.60035.2700.1700.1020.06149-50500576.40028.0130.1350.0660.03850-51500692.30020.8730.1010.0380.02752-51500761.30013.4220.0650.0170.01353-52500657.3005.5370.0270.0030.00254-55500550.10049.9530.2410.1930.10655-565001110.10040.6800.1960.1320.14756-57500757.60028.9980.1400.0710.05457-58500876.30019.8530.0960.0350.03159-46500684.00081.5080.3930.4780.32759-60500333.00078.6690.3790.4480.14961-60500548.10076.1630.3670.4220.23162-635001045.70055.7480.2690.2370.24862-615001180.40068.1070.3280.3430.40564-63500506.40047.0510.2270.1730.08865-64500653.10040.5770.1960.1320.08666-65500474.20034.1930.1650.0960.04567-66500690.40027.6130.1330.0650.04567-68500932.60018.5690.0890.0310.02968-69500600.5009.9620.0480.0100.00669-58500513.80013.2680.0640.0170.00969-535001676.6007.5220.0360.0060.010第四章給水廠布置及工藝選擇4.1水源論證工程地點附近的水源有：（1）鰲江（2）鰲江流域水庫（3）蓮花山水庫（4）財溪水庫（5）塘坂引水工程根據分析，鰲江流域是本工程地點附近最可靠水源，無論水質還是水量均可滿足本工程的需求，而且考慮到塘坂水庫下游存在許多污染，故本設計由塘坂水庫取水。4.2廠址選擇方案一：官嶺村廠址方案。該方案凈水廠廠區位于浦口鎮官嶺村文山隧道入口前疏港公路東側，廠區占地約94.5畝，現狀地面標高約為17~37m，凈水廠水處理區及污水、污泥處理區設計地面標高約為26m。方案二：鶯頭村廠址方案。該方案凈水廠廠區位于官坂鎮鶯頭村現狀201省道南側，廠區占地約70.9畝，現狀地面標高約為11~33m，凈水廠水處理區設計地面標高約為19m，污水、污泥處理區設計地面標高約為11m。方案三：白鶴嶺廠址方案。該方案凈水廠廠區位于文山隧道出口西側約1.60km處，白鶴嶺西北面的山頭上，廠區占地約130畝，現狀地面標高約為30~65m，凈水廠水處理區設計地面標高約為35m，污水、污泥處理區設計地面標高約為25m。經綜合比較，方案三原水、配水干管線路較長，投資較高，僅規劃為遠期凈水廠廠址。方案一、方案二原水管道和配水干管線路長度基本相同，與方案二相比，方案一的場地面積更大，投資更低，更能充分利用塘坂引水工程在文山隧道附近的水壓，故選擇方案一：官嶺村廠址方案作為本設計的凈水廠廠址方案。4.3給水處理方案及比選4.3.1凈水工藝凈水工藝的流程根據原水水質的不同而各異，下表對各種情況的水質所適合的常用工藝流程進行比較：表4-1凈水工藝比選工藝流程適用條件成本備注在水源井處投加消毒劑比較淺層的地下水低設置高位水池，在水源井到高位水池中間投加消毒劑海拔位置較高處的水源較低沉淀+過濾后投加消毒劑，必要時設置水塔調蓄原水濁度小于50NTU的地表水較低推薦工藝過濾前投加混凝劑和消毒劑原水濁度小于100NTU的地表水較低在水源和泵站中間投加凝聚劑和消毒劑，采用接觸過濾和綜合凈水器的處理工藝當原水濁度大于100NTU且小于500NTU中等由于引水水源是塘坂水庫，水庫的水質較好，濁度不高，結合廠址選地的實際情況，本設計決定選用沉淀加過濾后消毒的工藝流程。同時為了防止在遠期的水質會有波動的情況，在水廠內預留空間以備遠期再建設深度處理工藝，初步設計流程為臭氧加生物處理，凈水廠的出水濁度控制目標在0.5NTU以內。4.3.2構筑物形式（1）混合混合的目的是使藥物均勻快速地擴散到加入的水流中，使膠體不穩定。綜合分析其他類型的混合方式：隔膜式混合對流量變化的適應性較差，而泵式混合一般在水量較小時使用，大部分化學物質都很容易使水泵腐蝕，所以本設計只比較管式靜態混合和機械混合。表4-2混合工藝比較方式優缺點適用條件備注機械攪拌混合優點：1、單位功率產生的流量大2、剪切率小3、分布均勻缺點：1、投資較高2、管理不方便3、需要建混合池適用于各種規模的水廠推薦工藝管式靜態混合器優點：1、流程比較簡單2、結構相對緊湊3、管段截面各處濃度均勻缺點：1、水量影響混合效果水頭損失比較大占地面積大適合水量變化幅度小的各種規模的水廠為適應原水水量的變化幅度，經過綜合考慮分析后，本設計決定采用機械攪拌混合池。（2）絮凝絮凝與混合密切相關，分為水力攪拌和機械攪拌兩種。其原理是在原水中投加無機鹽等，使水中的懸浮物凝聚在一起，形成較為穩定的絮凝體。下表對常用的幾種絮凝方式進行比較分析：表4-3絮凝工藝比較形式優缺點適用條件備注隔板絮凝池往復式優點：1、絮凝效果出色2、能耗可以控制在較低的水平缺點：1、運行的周期較長2、出水流量容易波動，不易控制1、不適合水量太小的水廠2、水量變化幅度不大回轉式優點：1、絮凝效果出色2、能量的損失少3、管理、施工及維修方便，成本低缺點：出水流量容易波動，不易控制1、不適合水量太小的水廠2、水量變化幅度不大3、水廠的擴建和改造中較為常見折板絮凝池優點：1、設備運行的周期耗時較少2、絮凝效果出色缺點：1、工藝較為復雜，維修保養不方便2、運行效率受水質的影響水量變化幅度較小的水廠推薦工藝網格（柵條）絮凝池優點：1、設備運行的周期耗時較少2、絮凝效果出色3、管理、施工及維修方便，成本低缺點：水量變化影響絮凝效果水量變化幅度較小的水廠機械絮凝池優點：1、絮凝效果出色2、能耗低3、能較好地適應水質變化缺點：維修和保養不方便，成本較高水量變化幅度較小的水廠根據上表對比，結合其他同類型水廠的運行管理經驗，考慮到后期的設備維護保養的投資，