Unit4UsingLanguage2分層練習語言知識一、（2024·高二課時練習）詞形轉換1.endure

vt.忍耐；忍受→_____________

n.忍耐力；耐久力2.qualify

vt.(使)具有資格；(使)合格→_____________

adj.符合資格；具備……的知識(或技能、學歷等)→_____________

n.資格；資歷；資格證書3.enthusiastic

adj.熱情的；熱心的→_____________

adv.熱心地→_____________

n.熱心；熱情4.assign

vt.分派；布置；分配→_____________

n.(分派的)工作，任務5.envy

n.&

vt.羨慕；妒忌→_____________

adj.嫉妒的；羨慕的6.abandon

vt.舍棄；拋棄；放棄→_____________

adj.被遺棄的；被拋棄的7.belong

vi.屬于→_____________

n.[pl.]財物；動產8.self

n.自我；自身→_____________

adj.無私的→_____________

adj.自私的→_____________

adv.自私地→_____________

n.自私自利9.persevere

vi.堅持；孜孜以求→_____________

n.毅力；韌性；不屈不撓的精神10.resolve

vi.&

vt.決定；決心；解決(問題或困難)

n.決心；堅定的信念→_____________

n.決議；解決；堅定11.cruel

adj.殘酷的；殘忍的；冷酷的→_____________

adv.殘忍地；殘酷地→_____________

n.殘忍；殘酷12.fortune

n.財富；命運；運氣→_____________

adj.幸運的→_____________

adj.不幸的→_____________

adv.不幸地；遺憾地13.guide

vt.指導；指引→_____________

n.指導；引導；導航14.advertise

vt.&

vi.公布；宣傳；做廣告→_____________

n.廣告活動；廣告業→_____________

n.廣告15.corporate

adj.公司的；法人的；社團的→_____________

n.公司；法人；法人團體16.mit

vt.犯(錯誤、罪行)；使承擔義務；花費→_____________

n.承諾；保證；奉獻→_____________

adj.盡心盡力的；堅信的；堅定的【答案】1.endure

vt.忍耐；忍受→endurance

n.忍耐力；耐久力2.qualify

vt.(使)具有資格；(使)合格→qualified

adj.符合資格；具備……的知識(或技能、學歷等)→qualification

n.資格；資歷；資格證書3.enthusiastic

adj.熱情的；熱心的→enthusiastically

adv.熱心地→enthusiasm

n.熱心；熱情4.assign

vt.分派；布置；分配→assignment

n.(分派的)工作，任務5.envy

n.&

vt.羨慕；妒忌→envious

adj.嫉妒的；羨慕的6.abandon

vt.舍棄；拋棄；放棄→abandoned

adj.被遺棄的；被拋棄的7.belong

vi.屬于→belongings

n.[pl.]財物；動產8.self

n.自我；自身→selfless

adj.無私的→selfish

adj.自私的→selfishly

adv.自私地→selfishness

n.自私自利9.persevere

vi.堅持；孜孜以求→perseverance

n.毅力；韌性；不屈不撓的精神10.resolve

vi.&

vt.決定；決心；解決(問題或困難)

n.決心；堅定的信念→resolution

n.決議；解決；堅定11.cruel

adj.殘酷的；殘忍的；冷酷的→cruelly

adv.殘忍地；殘酷地→cruelty

n.殘忍；殘酷12.fortune

n.財富；命運；運氣→fortunate

adj.幸運的→unfortunate

adj.不幸的→unfortunately

adv.不幸地；遺憾地13.guide

vt.指導；指引→guidance

n.指導；引導；導航14.advertise

vt.&

vi.公布；宣傳；做廣告→advertising

n.廣告活動；廣告業→advertisement

n.廣告15.corporate

adj.公司的；法人的；社團的→corporation

n.公司；法人；法人團體16.mit

vt.犯(錯誤、罪行)；使承擔義務；花費→mitment

n.承諾；保證；奉獻→mitted

adj.盡心盡力的；堅信的；堅定的二、（2024·高二課時練習）單句語法填空1.Ourmonitorisenthusiastic________creatingaharmoniouscampusandheoftenlaunchessomecampaignstopromoteit.2.Asisknowntousall,hehasremainedloyal_____hispoliticalprinciplesandhewillneverbetrayhismotherland.3.What______Ikeepbeingtrappedinsuchaterriblesituation?4.We_______(stick)inthetrafficforoveranhour,sowefailedtocatchourflight.5.Weareallamazedat_______greatprogressyouhavemade!6.Overthepastdecade,aglobalpushtoreducehungerandextremepoverty______(mark)somesignificantsuccess.7.Innosenseshouldyouloseheart;keeptryingandyouwillmake_____soonerorlater.8.Withallhisattention_______(fix)onthebook,hedidnotnoticewhenIcamein.【答案】1.about2.to3.if4.werestuck5.what6.hasmarked7.it8.fixed三、（2024·高二課時練習）語法填空Likemostpeople，Iwasbroughtuptolookuponlifeasagetting.Itwasnotuntilinmylatethirties1.Imadethisimportantdiscovery：givingawaythings2_____(make)lifesomuchmoreexciting.OnediscoveryImadeaboutgivingawayisthatitisalmostimpossibletogiveawayanythinginthisworldwithout3_____(get)somethingback，thoughthereturnoftenesin4_____unexpectedform.OneSundaymorningthelocalpostofficedeliveredalettertomyhome，thoughit5_____(address)tomeatmyoffice.Iwrotethepostmasteranoteof6_____(appreciate)．MorethanayearlaterIneededapostofficeboxforanewbusinessIwasstarting.Iwastoldatthewindowthattherewerenoboxes7_____(leave)，andthatmynamewouldhavetogoonalongwaitinglist.AsIwasabouttoleave，thepostmasterappearedinthedoorway.Hehadoverheardourconversation.“Wasn’tityouthatwroteusaletterayearagoaboutaspecial8_____(deliver)toyourhome？”Isaidyes.“Well，youare9_____(certain)goingtohaveaboxinthispostofficeifwehavetomakeoneforyou.Youdon’tknow10_____aletterlikethatmeanstous.Weusuallygetnothingbutplaints.”【答案】1.that2.makes3.getting4.an5.wasaddressed6.appreciation7.left8.delivery9.certainly10.what知識應用四、（云南省昆明市尋甸縣第一中學20242025學年高三上學期8月月考）閱讀理解Almostallfoodpaniescalculatethecaloriecontentoftheirofferingsusingamathematicalformula(公式).Theyfirstmeasurehowmanygramsofcarbohydrate(碳水化合物),proteinandfatareinthefood.ThisformulaisknownastheAtwatersystem.Thentheymultiply(乘以)eachofthoseamountsbyasetvalue.Therearefourcaloriespergramofcarbohydrateorproteinandninecaloriespergramoffat.Thesumofthosevalueswillshowupasthecaloriecountonafoodlabel.ThenumbersinthisformulaarecalledAtwaterfactors.Theyefromdatacollectedmorethan100yearsagobynutritionistWilburO.Atwater.Atwateraskedvolunteerstoeatdifferentfoods.Thenhemeasuredhowmuchenergytheirbodiesgotfromeachonebyparingtheenergyinthefoodwiththeenergyleftoverintheirfecesandurine.Accordingtotheformula,thecaloriecontentinagramoffatisthesamewhetherthatfatesfromahamburger,abagofalmonds(杏仁)oraplateofFrenchfries.ButscientistshavefoundthattheAtwatersystemisn’tperfect.DavidBaerisaprofessorattheBeltsvilleHumanNutritionResearchCenterinMaryland.HisteamhasshownthatsomefoodsdonotmatchtheAtwaterfactors.Forexample,someplantshavetoughcellwalls.Chewingplantbasedfoods,suchasnuts,consumessomeofthesewallsbutnotall.Sosomeofthesenutrientswillpassoutofthebody,undigested.Makingfoodseasiertodigestthroughcookingorotherprocessescanalsochangetheamountofcaloriesavailabletothebody.Forexample,Baer’steamhasfoundthatalmondbutterprovidesmorecaloriespergramthanwholealmonds.TheAtwatersystem,however,predictseachshoulddeliverthesameamount.TheAtwatersystemmayhaveproblems,butitissimpleandeasytouse.Thoughothersystemshavebeenproposed,noneisthebest.8.WhatistheAtwatersystemmainlyusedfor?A.Measuringtheweightoffood.B.Calculatingthecaloriecontentoffood.CPredictingtheenergyoutputofthebody.D.Determiningthenutritionalvalueoffood.9.AccordingtoDavidBaer’steam,whatmakessomefoodsnotmatchtheAtwaterfactors?AThedifficultyindigestingcertainfoods.B.Thehighcaloriecontentinprocessedfoods.C.Thedifferenceinthewaypeoplechewfood.D.Thevarietyofnutrientsindifferentfoods.10.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A.TheAtwatersystemisthebestwaytocalculatecalories.B.NoneoftheproposedsystemsisbetterthantheAtwatersystem.C.OthersystemsaremoreplexbutmoreaccuratethantheAtwatersystem.D.Despiteitsproblems,theAtwatersystemremainspopularduetoitssimplicity.11.Wheredoesthispassagemostprobablyefrom?A.Ahealthandfitnesswebsite. B.Acookingmagazine.C.Ahistorybook. D.Asciencejournal.【答案】8.B9.A10.D11.A【導語】這是一篇說明文。本文介紹了食品公司如何計算食品熱量，包括使用Atwater系統的方法及其問題，但該系統簡單易用，至今仍是最佳選擇。【8題詳解】細節理解題。根據文章第一段的“ThisformulaisknownastheAtwatersystem.Theyfirstmeasurehowmanygramsofcarbohydrate(碳水化合物),proteinandfatareinthefood.Thentheymultiply(乘以)eachofthoseamountsbyasetvalue.Thesumofthosevalueswillshowupasthecaloriecountonafoodlabel.”（這個公式被稱為阿特沃特系統。他們首先測量食物中有多少克的碳水化合物、蛋白質和脂肪。然后他們將每一種量乘以一個設定的值。這些值的總和將顯示為食品標簽上的卡路里計數。）可知，Atwater系統主要用于計算食物的卡路里含量，故選B。【9題詳解】細節理解題。根據第四段的“Chewingplantbasedfoods,suchasnuts,consumessomeofthesewallsbutnotall.Sosomeofthesenutrientswillpassoutofthebody,undigested.”（咀嚼這些植物性食物（如堅果）會消耗其中一些細胞壁，但并非全部。因此，一些營養物質會未經消化就排出體外。）可知，某些食物不符合Atwater因子是因為消化困難，故選A。【10題詳解】推理判斷題。根據文章最后一段的“TheAtwatersystemmayhaveproblems,butitissimpleandeasytouse.Thoughothersystemshavebeenproposed,noneisthebest.”（Atwater系統可能存在問題，但它簡單易用。盡管已經提出了其他系統，但沒有最好的。）可推知，盡管Atwater系統存在問題，但由于其簡單性，仍然受到歡迎，故選D。【11題詳解】推理判斷題。文章主要討論了食物卡路里的計算方法，特別是Atwater系統，以及該系統存在的問題和替代方案。這種內容通常與健康和健身相關，因此最有可能出現在健康和健身網站上。故選A。五、（湖北省武漢中學20242025學年高三上學期11月月考英語試題）完形填空VolunteeringatGreenpeaceismorethanasimpleindividualaction.Itisacollectiveforce41avisionofagreenerandfairerworld.WhenItookmyfirststepasavolunteerwithGreenpeaceBrazil,Ihadnoideahowthisexperiencewould42mylifeandmymitmenttoourplanet.ThroughGreenpeace.I43otherpeople,understoodhowthemunityfunctioned,andexchanged44withfellowmembers.Today,lookingback,Iseehow45impactfulthisjourneyhasbeen,notonlyformebutalsoforthemunitiesinthelocalgroupsthat,weembraced(擁抱)with46.Whatmakesthisexperienceevenmore47ishowourcampaignsetolifethroughthe48ofeveryoneandthepassioneachofusnurturesfortheenvironment.Whetherinthefightagainstclimatechange,thedefenseofforests,ortheprotectionofoceans,eachofusplaysa49roleinourownway.Overtime,Ihaveseenourlocalmunity50awarenessandtakingactiononlocalenvironmentalissues,especiallyregardingthemining51wefaceinourstate.Iwitnessedthebuildingofstrongconnectionswithotherorganizations,52ourmovementforasustainableplanet.MyinitialmotivationforvolunteeringatGreenpeacewastodomypartin53theenvironment.Today,IknowthatIamdoingmuchmore.Iampartofaglobalmovementthatischangingtheworld.Inthis54,Ihavefoundnotonlyanincrediblemunityofpeoplebutalsoapurposethat55meeveryday.41．A．improving B．increasing C．discovering D．shaping42．A．introduce B．transform C．control D．create43．A．connectedwith B．petedagainst C．wentthrough D．gotacross44．A．impression B．money C．experience D．work45．A．incredibly B．strangely C．unfairly D．fortunately46．A．creativity B．friendship C．success D．passion47．A．expensive B．weling C．meaningful D．inviting48．A．kindness B．support C．agreement D．consideration49．A．general B．familiar C．normal D．decisive50．A．raising B．encouraging C．developing D．building51．A．benefits B．businesses C．challenges D．operations52．A．starting B．strengthening C．designing D．reducing53．A．decorating B．constructing C．changing D．protecting54．A．journey B．career C．environment D．campaign55．A．orders B．surprises C．inspires D．calls【答案】41．D42．B43．A44．C45．A46．D47．C48．B49．D50．A51．C52．B53．D54．A55．C【導語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者作為綠色和平組織志愿者的經歷和感受。作者通過參與綠色和平組織的活動，不僅個人獲得了成長和見識，而且深刻體會到了環保行動的重要性和影響力。41．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：它是一種集體力量，塑造了一個更綠色、更公平的世界的愿景。A.improving提高；B.increasing增加；C.discovering發現；D.shaping塑造。根據倒數第二段中“Iwitnessedthebuildingofstrongconnectionswithotherorganizations,

strengtheningourmovementforasustainableplanet.”可知，作者目睹了與其他組織建立緊密聯系，從而強化了建設可持續地球的運動，由此可知，綠色和平組織的志愿者們塑造了一個更綠色更加公平的世界愿景。故選D。42．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：當我作為巴西綠色和平組織的志愿者邁出第一步時，我不知道這段經歷會如何改變我的生活和我對地球的承諾。A.introduce介紹；B.transform轉變；C.control控制；D.create創造。根據后文“Today,lookingback,Iseehowincrediblyimpactfulthisjourneyhasbeen,notonlyformebutalsoforthemunitiesinthelocalgroupsthat,weembraced(擁抱)with

passion.”可知，志愿活動對志愿者本人及社區都有很大的影響，故此處指作者最初加入這個組織時，不知道這次經歷將會如何改變它的人生和他對地球承諾。故選B。43．考查動詞短語辨析。句意：通過綠色和平組織。我與其他人聯系，了解社區如何運作，并與其他成員交流經驗。A.connectedwith與……相連；B.petedagainst與……競爭；C.wentthrough經歷；D.gotacross被理解。根據后文“andexchangedexperiencewithfellowmembers”可知，作者通過綠色和平組織，接觸到了其他人及與其他人建立聯系。故選A。44．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：同上。A.impression印象；B.money錢；C.experience經驗；D.work工作。根據前文“exchanged”可知，此處指出作者與組織中的其他志愿者交流經驗。故選C。45．考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：今天，回首過去，我看到了這段旅程的難以置信的影響力，這不僅是對我而言，更是對我們滿懷熱情地擁抱的當地群體中的社區。A.incredibly難以置信地；B.strangely奇怪地；C.unfairly不公平地；D.fortunately幸運地。根據后文“notonlyformebutalsoforthemunitiesinthelocalgroups”以及后文的“passioneachofusnurturesfortheenvironment”可知，回首往事，作者發現這段旅程產生了難以置信的影響，不僅對自己，而且對志愿者們熱情擁抱的當地團體中的社區。故選A。46．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：同上。A.creativity創造力；B.friendship友誼；C.success成功；D.passion熱情。根據本句中“weembraced(擁抱)with”可知，作者是出于對保護環境的熱情去作志愿者即滿懷熱情地擁抱當地群體中的社區。故選D。47．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：讓這次經歷更有意義的是，我們的活動是如何通過每個人的支持和我們每個人對環境的熱情來實現的。A.expensive昂貴的；B.weling歡迎的；C.meaningful有意義的；D.inviting吸引人的。根據后文“Whetherinthefightagainstclimatechange,thedefenseofforests,ortheprotectionofoceans”可知，無論是在應對氣候變化、保護森林還是保護海洋方面志愿者們都發揮了重要作用，因此作者認為志愿活動是非常有意義的。故選C。48．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：同上。A.kindness善良；B.support支持；C.agreement同意；D.consideration考慮。根據后文“ofeveryoneandthepassioneachofusnurturesfortheenvironment.”可知，志愿者活動通過每個人的支持和每個人對環境的熱情來實現的。故選B。49．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：無論是應對氣候變化、保護森林還是保護海洋，我們每個人都以自己的方式發揮著決定性作用。A.general普遍的；B.familiar熟悉的；C.normal正常的；D.decisive決定性的。根據前文“Whetherinthefightagainstclimatechange,thedefenseofforests,ortheprotectionofoceans,eachofus”可知，無論是應對氣候變化、保護森林還是保護海洋，我們每個人都以自己的方式發揮著決定性作用。故選D。50．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：隨著時間的推移，我看到我們當地社區提高了對當地環境問題的認識并采取了行動，特別是在我們州面臨的采礦挑戰方面。A.raising提高；B.encouraging鼓勵；C.developing發展；D.building建造。根據后文“awarenessandtakingactiononlocalenvironmentalissues,”可知，隨著時間的推移，作者看到了當地社區提高了對當地環境問題的認識并采取了行動。故選A。51．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：同上。A.benefits好處；B.businesses商業；C.challenges挑戰；D.operations操作。根據前文“localenvironmentalissues,”可知，當地社區提高了對當地環境問題的認識并采取了行動，特別是作者所在州面臨的采礦方面的挑戰。故選C。52．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我見證了與其他組織建立緊密聯系，加強了我們的可持續發展地球運動。A.starting開始；B.strengthening加強；C.designing設計；D.reducing減少。根據前文“thebuildingofstrongconnectionswithotherorganizations”可知，各個組織之間建立了緊密聯系，從而強化了建設可持續性地球的運動。故選B。53．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我在綠色和平組織做志愿者的最初動機是為保護環境盡自己的一份力量。A.decorating裝飾；B.constructing建造；C.changing改變；D.protecting保護。根據第一段中“Itisacollectiveforceshapingavisionofagreenerandfairerworld”可知，綠色和平組織的宗旨是保護環境，保護地球。故選D。54．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在這段旅程中，我不僅發現了一個令人難以置信的社區，而且發現了一個每天都在激勵我的目標。A.journey旅程；B.career職業；C.environment環境；D.campaign運動。根據前文“Today,lookingback,Iseehowincrediblyimpactfulthisjourneyhasbeen,notonlyformebutalsoforthemunitiesinthelocalgroups”可知，作者把自己參加志愿活動的經歷描述成保護地球和家園的旅程。故選A。55．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：同上。A.orders命令；B.surprises使驚訝；C.inspires激勵；D.calls打。根據前文“Iampartofaglobalmovementthatischangingtheworld.”可知，作者認為自己是一個正在改變世界的全球運動的一部分，這個目標每天都在激勵著作者自己。故選C。六、（河北衡水武邑中學20242025學年高二上學期模擬練習）讀后續寫閱讀下面材料，根據其內容和所給段落開頭語續寫兩段，使之構成一篇完整的短文。Duringbreakfast,AlansuggestedgoingtotheLegoLandtohavefunandhismomagreed.“We’llstopbythesupermarketandbuysomesnacksandfruits.Nowhurryandeatandthenwe’llgo.It’sgoingtobealovelyday.Grandmaisingwithus.She’llbehereanyminute.”Alanatehisbreakfastandthenranintohisroomtogethisshoes.Theproblemwasthathecouldonlyfindoneofthem.Helookedunderhisbed,butallhecouldseeweredirtypants.Hemovedsomeofhistoysoutoftheway,butstillcouldn’tfindhisshoe.Afterhehadcheckedeverywhereinhisroom,heranintothekitchen.“Mom,Ican’tfindmyshoe.WillyouwaitwhileIlookforit?”heasked.Hismomthoughtabouthowmanytimesshe’dtoldAlantocleanhisroomup.ShesaidsomethingtoAlan’sgrandmainalowvoice.Then,shesaidtoAlan,“Youwillhavetostayhome.YourdadandIwilltakeyourbrotherAlextotheLegoLand.Grandmawillstayathomewithyou.”“No!Pleasewaitforme.IwanttogototheLegoLand,”Alancried.“I’msorry,Alan.I’vetoldyouadozentimestocleanyourroomandyoudidnotdoit.Youcan’tfindyourshoenow.It’syourownfaultfornotcleaningyourroom.Youwillstayathome.”Alanranintohisbedroom,crying.Hismomcametothedoorandsaid,“Alan,cleanthatroomofyoursbeforeIgethome.I’vetoldGrandmanottogiveyouanysweetsuntilyoumakeyourroomcleanandtidy.”ShewentoutwithAlexandthebrothers’dad.Afteraminute,theydroveaway.注意：1．續寫詞數應為150左右；2．請按如下格式作答。Paragraph1:Alansatonhisbedandcriedforalongtime.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Paragraph2:Alanandhisgrandmaweresittingatthetable,eatingwhenhismom,dadandAlexcamehome.______________________________________________