7.7課堂講義-----語(yǔ)法：定語(yǔ)從句（TheAttributiveClause）學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)：學(xué)習(xí)并掌握定語(yǔ)從句關(guān)系詞的使用方法，能夠在習(xí)題中熟練運(yùn)用that，which，who，whom，whose，when,where,why,as等常見(jiàn)常考的關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞。學(xué)習(xí)重難點(diǎn)：關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞的正確運(yùn)用As引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的情況。學(xué)習(xí)方法：師生仿照練習(xí)----學(xué)生歸納總結(jié)----課堂強(qiáng)化練習(xí)----課后高考真題練習(xí)學(xué)習(xí)過(guò)程：1.回顧復(fù)習(xí)上節(jié)課虛擬語(yǔ)氣用法：①我要睡覺(jué)了。希望你能將電視機(jī)聲音調(diào)小點(diǎn)。→②IfyouhavereallybeenstudyingEnglishforsolong,it’sabouttimeyou___abletowritelettersinEnglishA.shouldbeB.wereC.mustbeD.are③Herfacialexpressionsuggestedthatshe___angry.A.shouldbeB.mustbeC.wasD.be④We’dratheryou___theaccounttomorrowA.settledB.settleC.willsettleD.wouldsettle⑤ifonlythatphotoA.hadn’tmissedB.missedC.notmissedD.missing2.上節(jié)課盲點(diǎn)回顧停下來(lái)去喝水→停止喝水→Science→（科學(xué)的）→（科學(xué)家）該上學(xué)了→ItistimeItistime聽(tīng)寫(xiě)單詞：3.定語(yǔ)從句的概念Greenteam（綠隊(duì)）→Teamingreen（綠隊(duì)）→Theteamwhowearingreen.(穿綠衣服的隊(duì)伍)↓↓↓形容詞介詞短語(yǔ)從句（即為定語(yǔ)從句）?????TheAttributiveClause→在句子中修飾或限定名詞，代詞的從句就是定語(yǔ)從句?Theteamwhowearingreen.先行詞關(guān)系詞定語(yǔ)從句關(guān)系副詞：where,when，關(guān)系副詞：where,when，why關(guān)系代詞：which,who,whom,whose,that4．關(guān)系代詞的用法：which,who,whom,whose,that4.1①Thesearethetreeswhich/thatwereplantedlastyear。②Thesearethestudentswhowonthefirstplacelastyear.③Therunnerwhoyouareaskingaboutisoverthere.④Thegameswhich/thattheyoungmencompetedinweredifficult.?????歸納總結(jié)：在定語(yǔ)從句中當(dāng)先行詞是事物時(shí)，那么該從句要用關(guān)系代詞：引導(dǎo)。當(dāng)定語(yǔ)從句中的先行詞是人時(shí)，該從句要用關(guān)系代詞：引導(dǎo)，同時(shí)由此可知，whom，whose引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句時(shí)先行詞也是。在以上關(guān)系代詞中有一個(gè)萬(wàn)能詞：That→他一到定語(yǔ)從句時(shí)先行詞既可以是人也可以是物。?????領(lǐng)悟體會(huì)：Thenumberofpeoplewho/thatlosthomesreachedasmanyas250,000.4.2指出下列關(guān)系關(guān)系詞在句子中所作的成分①ThemanwhocametoourschoolisMr.Wang.（）②ThegirlwhomImetisLucy.（）③AchildwhoseparentsaredeadiscalledTom.（）④Ilikethebookwhichyouboughtyesterday.（）⑤Theboywho/whom/thatwesawyesterdaywasJohn’sbrother.（）⑥ThebookwhosecoverisyellowbelongstoTom.?????歸納總結(jié)作主語(yǔ)作賓語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)指人指物既可指人又可指物★who與whom作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)的區(qū)別：當(dāng)先行詞后有介詞時(shí)只能用whom,而不能用who?????領(lǐng)悟體會(huì)：Ilikethepersontowhomyoujusttalked。Thisistheringonwhichshespent1000dollars.?難點(diǎn)，常考點(diǎn)：以下情況，引導(dǎo)詞用that，不用which。1.先行詞為不定代詞everything，some,little，much，all，anything，nothing，只用that。→Finally,thethiefhandedeverythingthathehadstolen.2.先行詞前有形容詞最高級(jí)、序數(shù)詞修飾時(shí)，只用that。→Thisisthebestbook(that)I’veeverread.3.先行詞被theonly，thevery,thelast修飾時(shí)，只用that。→HeistheonlypersonthatIwanttoseenow.4.先行詞同時(shí)指人和指物時(shí)，只用that。→Wetalkedaboutthethingsandpersonsthatwesawthen.5.主句已有who或which時(shí),只用that。→WhichisthemachinethatweusedlastSunday.Whoisthegirlthatisstandingunderthetree?6.先行詞被every,some,no,all,any,little,much等修飾時(shí)。只用that.→I’vereadallthebooksthatyoulendme.7.主句是therebe結(jié)構(gòu)，修飾主語(yǔ)的定語(yǔ)從句用that，而不用which.→ThereisabookonthedeskthatbelongstoTom.5.關(guān)系副詞的用法：where,when，why5.1指出下列句子中的先行詞以及關(guān)系副詞在下列句子中的成分①I(mǎi)sthisthereasonwhyherefusedouroffer?（先行詞：）（成分：）②ShanghaiistheplacewhereIwasborn.（先行詞：）（成分：）③I’llneverforgetthedaywhenIfirstwenttoBeijing.（先行詞：）（成分：）?????歸納總結(jié)：when,where,why關(guān)系副詞在定語(yǔ)從句中只做，并且它們的先行詞主要表示的意思。?難點(diǎn)，常考點(diǎn)：ShanghaiistheplacewhereIwasborn.?IwasborninShanghai.?????Shanghaiistheplaceinwhich(=where)Iwasborn.?可見(jiàn)關(guān)系副詞可以根據(jù)先行詞和語(yǔ)境所表達(dá)的意思轉(zhuǎn)化為的形式。關(guān)系副詞When=on(in,during…)whichwhere=on(in,infrontof…)whichWhy=forwhich?根據(jù)語(yǔ)境用合適的介詞填空Whocangivemethereason______whichhehasn’tturnedupyet?I’llneverforgettheday_____whichshesaidgood-byetome.Hehelpedhisfatheronthesmallfarmwhichtheylived.6.課堂強(qiáng)化練習(xí)1、Doyouknowtheman___istalkingwithyourfather?A.whoseB.whoC.which2、Theboys___theteachertalkedtoarefromClassOne.A.whenB.whichC.who3.Theteacherfor____youarewaitinghascome.A.whoB.whomC.that4.Thisbookisforthestudents___native(本國(guó)的)languageisnotEnglish.A.thatB.ofwhomC.whose5.All_____isneededisasupplyofoil.A.whichB.thatC.what6.Finally,thethiefhandedeverything____hehadstolentothepolice.A.whichB.whatC.that限制性定語(yǔ)從句Theteamwhowearingreen.7.定語(yǔ)從句非限制性定語(yǔ)從句CharlesSmith,whowasmyformerteacher,retiredlastyear.?????歸納總結(jié)：非限制性定語(yǔ)從句最顯著的特征在于，限制性定語(yǔ)從句中，從句與其所修飾的先行詞之間關(guān)系很密切，若缺少，句意則不完整，故從句前不用逗號(hào)隔開(kāi)；非限制性定語(yǔ)從句中，從句與其所修飾的先行詞之間關(guān)系不太密切，若缺少，句意則仍完整，故從句前一般都用逗號(hào)隔開(kāi)。?????領(lǐng)悟體會(huì)：①Thewaterwhichhasbeenpollutedbythefactoryisnotfittodrink.被工廠污染的水不宜飲用。（如果缺少定語(yǔ)從句，句子的主要意思會(huì)受到影響）②Water,whichisaclearliquid,iswidelyusedinoureverydaylife.水是一種清澈的液體，在我們的日常生活中應(yīng)用非常廣泛。（如果缺少定語(yǔ)從句，句子的主要意不會(huì)受到影響）③Hisbrotherwhoisnineteenyearsoldisservinginthearmynow.他的一個(gè)十九歲的哥哥現(xiàn)在部隊(duì)服役。（表明他不只一個(gè)哥哥）④Hisbrother,whoisnineteenyearsold,isservinginthearmynow.他的哥哥，今年十九歲，現(xiàn)在部隊(duì)服役。（表明他只有一個(gè)哥哥）7.1①HeseemsnottohaveunderstoodwhatImeant,whichgreatlyupsetsme.②Thisisthefirstsnowofthisyear,whichtellswinterwillcomesoon.?????歸納總結(jié)：非限定性定語(yǔ)從句可將作為先行詞,對(duì)其進(jìn)行修飾,這時(shí)句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)要用?難點(diǎn)，常考點(diǎn)：關(guān)系詞只能用which，而不用that的情況：先行詞為that，those時(shí)，用which，而不用thatWhat‘sthatwhichisunderthedesk？關(guān)系代詞前有介詞時(shí)，一般用which，而不用that.Thisistheroominwhichhelives.。③引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，用which，而不用that.

Tomcameback,whichmadeushappy.PS:非限制性定語(yǔ)從句只能用which,who,whom,whose,as和where，when引導(dǎo)而不能用that和why引導(dǎo)，若必須要用到表示原因的引導(dǎo)詞則使用forwhich。8.特殊關(guān)系代詞As8.1①Thesearesuchmenaswetrust②Heisnotthesamemanashewasbefore.③Thisissodifficultquestionasnobodycananswer?????歸納總結(jié)：當(dāng)主句先行詞被等修飾時(shí)，要用引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句。8.2①Asisknowntoall,Chinaisadevelopingcountry.②Heisfromthesouth,aswecanseefromhisaccent.③John,asyouknow,isafamouswriter.④HehasbeentoParismorethanseveraltimes,whichIdon’tbelieve.?????歸納總結(jié)：as引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，可放在主句之前，或者主句之后，甚至可以切割一個(gè)主句；which引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句只能放在主句之后。另外，as有“正如……，正像……”的意思9.課堂強(qiáng)化練習(xí)1.Theweatherturnedouttobeverygood,___wasmorethanwecouldexpect.A.whatB.whichC.thatD.it2.TheBeatles,______manyofyouareoldenoughtoremember,camefromLiverpool.A.whatB.thatC.howD.as3.Einsteinissuchagreatscientistthatwemustlearnfrom.（改錯(cuò)）4.Whichisknowntoall,manysatellitearegoingaroundinthesky.（改錯(cuò)）10.課后高考真題練習(xí)1.Lookout!Don’tgettooclosetothehouse______roofisunderrepair.A.whoseB.whichC.whoD.that(2006福建卷-22)2.Ifashophaschairs______womencanparktheirmen,womenwillspendmoretimeintheshop.A.thatB.whichC.whenD.where(2005上海卷-40)3.______isoftenthecase,wehaveworkedouttheproductionplan.A.WhichB.WhenC.WhatD.As(2004江蘇卷-33)4.Isawawomenrunningtowardsmeinthedark.BeforeIcouldrecognizewhoshewas,shehadrunbackinthedirection______shehadcome.A.ofwhichB.bywhichC.inwhichD.fromwhich(2006重慶卷-34)5.SheaseducatedatBeijingUniversity,________shewentontohaveheradvancedstudyabroad.（2006陜西卷）A.afterwhichfromwhichC.fromthatD.afterthat6.Theownerofthecinemaneededtomakealotofimprovementsandemploymorepeopletokeepitrunning,______meansspendingtensofthousandsofpounds.A.whoB.thatC.asD.which(2006江蘇卷-29)7.HewasveryrudetotheCustomsofficer,______ofcoursemadethingsevenworse.A.whoB.whomC.whatD.which(1999上海)8.Haveyouseentheboy___?A.thatItoldB.ItoldyouofC.whomItoldyouD.Itoldyouofhim(2003,北京)9.Chinahasthousandsofislands,___HainanIslandisthelargest.A.ofthemB.amongwhichC.oneofwhichD.amongthem(2000上海)10.Isthistheplane____hecametoNewYork?A.whichB.bywhichC.thatD.inwhich（2004天津）11.Shelikestousewords____iscleartohim.A.ofwhichthemeaningB.ofwhichmeaningC.whoseofmeaningD.meaningofwhich（2004江蘇）12.Who__knowshimwouldtrusthim?A.whomB.thatC.whichD.who（2004湖南）13.Sheisnottheonlyoneofthegirls___wellinclass.A.whichsingsB.whosingC.thatsingsD.whotosing（2004全國(guó)II）14.Shedescribedinhercompositionsthepeopleandplaces____impressedhermost.A.whereB.thatC.whichD.who（2005重慶）15.Helendmeseveralbooks,____wereverygood.A.fiveofwhichB.ofwhichC.whichoffiveD.five（2005江西）16.Westillremembertheday_____wespentdoingtheexperiment.A.whenB.whichC.whatD.onwhich（2001福建）11.參考資料10.1如何選用定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系詞1.首先分清主句和定語(yǔ)從句2.確定定語(yǔ)從句的先行詞3.把先行詞帶回到定語(yǔ)從句中去，看其在定語(yǔ)從句中做什么語(yǔ)法成分（主語(yǔ)，賓語(yǔ)，定語(yǔ)或狀語(yǔ)）4.若先行詞在從句中做主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)或定語(yǔ)則選擇關(guān)系代詞，若在從句中做狀語(yǔ)，則選擇關(guān)系副詞。10.2定語(yǔ)從句與同位語(yǔ)從句的區(qū)別同位語(yǔ)從句與定語(yǔ)從句從形式上看好像沒(méi)什么區(qū)別，實(shí)際上從含義和功